WWII: PACIFIC THEATRE. Island Hopping Securing island by island to ensure shorter/safer routes for...
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Transcript of WWII: PACIFIC THEATRE. Island Hopping Securing island by island to ensure shorter/safer routes for...
![Page 1: WWII: PACIFIC THEATRE. Island Hopping Securing island by island to ensure shorter/safer routes for bombing campaigns against Japan. Resources needed:](https://reader030.fdocuments.net/reader030/viewer/2022032517/56649cb65503460f9497be61/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
WWII: PACIFIC THEATRE
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Island Hopping
• Securing island by island to ensure shorter/safer routes for bombing campaigns against Japan.
• Resources needed: – Strong Navy / Effective engineering of bases
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U.S. Evacuates the Philippines: Dec. 22, 1941
• U.S. forced to evacuate when they were overran.
• 200,000 POW’s forced to march to Camp ‘O Donnell- 5 Day trip / 25% died- 37% of POW’s died
in Japanese camps.
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DOOLITTLE RAID: APRIL 18, 1942• In response to: Pearl
Harbor• Length of aircraft carriers:
490 ft.• Min. # of feet it took a
bomber to take off: 600 ft.– Modified the planes
• Objective: Bomb key factory areas of Japan– Little damage but proved
to the Japanese they could be attacked and our carriers needed to be sunk.
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BATTLE OF MIDWAY: JUNE 4-6, 1942• U.S. controlled airstrip
on the island.• U.S. broke the Japanese
code = totally caught off guard
• Japan lost four carriers• U.S. lost the Yorktown• Turning point of the
war in the Pacific.• By late 1942, Japan was
losing both in the air and on the water.
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GUADALCANAL (Island of Death): AUG. 7, 1942
• Japanese airstrip already on island.– Taken w/o a fight
• Japanese let them come inland before attacking
• If held by the Japanese, Australia and supply lines would be under Japanese control
• 1,600 U.S. killed / 4,700 wounded
• 24,000 Japanese dead• 6 month battle
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U.S. Lands on Saipan: June 15, 1944
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Leyte Gulf (Philippines): Oct. 23–26, 1944
• Largest naval battle in history• Japan threw the entire fleet
into the fight– Japan lost its last four carriers,
three battleships, 13 cruisers and 400 planes
• First use of Kamikaze attacks• Philippines taken back-
General MacArthur freed our prisoners
• Last effort for Japan to dictate how the Pacific war would be fought.
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Iwo Jima• Iwo is considered part of
Japan– 650 miles from Tokoyo
• No foreign army in Japan’s 5000 year history has been successful on Japanese soil
• 7.5 miles (1/3 the size of Manhattan)
• 3 Major airfields
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Iwo Jima: February 19, 1945 • Gen. Kuribashi: “A million men
could not take this island in 100 years.” “No survivors!”
• Japanese strategy: Let the Americans into the mainland of the island– 1500 underground rooms were
connected by 16 miles of tunnels– Kill 10 Americans before you can
kill yourself.
• Iwo was officially part of Japan• 21,000 Japanese at the on-set /
1,100 survived• 6,800 U.S. casualties/28,000
wounded• U.S. inching closer to Japan
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Okinawa: April 1, 1945• Last stepping-stone for an
invasion of the Japanese home islands– Guarded by 80,000 Japanese– Bloodiest battle America
fought in the Pacific (7,600 Americans died/110,000 Japanese)
• Kamikazes heavily used (1900 attacks)
• By mid-May, beginning of surrender = Japanese morale was fading.
• FDR died of a stroke before this battle was over
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U.S.S. Indianapolis
• Delivered the 1st test A-bomb to Tinian
• Sank by Japanese sub.• 1,196 men on board• 900 men left• 4 days in the water• 316 survived