WWII Home front Mrs. O’Neill. Blitzkrieg- Lightening War; Poland Sitzkrieg-Sitting War “Bore...
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Transcript of WWII Home front Mrs. O’Neill. Blitzkrieg- Lightening War; Poland Sitzkrieg-Sitting War “Bore...
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WWII Home frontMrs. O’Neill
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• Blitzkrieg- Lightening War; Poland
• Sitzkrieg-Sitting War “Bore War”– France and Western Europe
Maginot Line
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Miracle at Dunkirk 1940• 3 day delay!
• 850 ships headed to Dunkirk from England and saved 338,000 British and French troops but British army equipment remained
• Fall of France
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Nazis Marching through Paris
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1940 Battle of Britain
• “Even through large tracts of Europe have fallen…we shall not flag or fail…we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be…we shall never surrender…”
Use of Radar
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Germany loses 1,773
aircraft
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“Neutral” Nation • Neutrality Act of 1939
– Cash and Carry
•Destroyers-for-Bases Deal
-50 destroyers for right to build American bases on Newfoundland, Bermuda, and islands in the Caribbean
•Lend-Lease Act
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Neutrality Debate!
• Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Allies
• America First Committee- isolationist group opposed to any American intervention or aid to the Allies
• Nye Committee- only reason U.S. had entered WWI was for arms
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SS St. Louis
May 27th, 1939
930 passengers
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• Election of 1940- FDR
• 4 Freedoms Speech
• 1. Speech
• 2. Worship
• 3. Want
• 4. Fear
• 1941- Hitler invades Soviet Union Operation Barbarossa
• Atlantic Charter– Postwar World
of democracy
Churchill and FDR
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Pearl Harbor Attack Scene
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sv1niwxQgoY
FDR “Date Which Will Live in Infamy”
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3VqQAf74fsE
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Pearl Harbor• December 7th, 1941
– “A Date Which Will Live in Infamy”
•Causes:-Restricted sale of
strategic war materials
-Lend-lease aid to China
-Froze Japanese assets, reduced amount of oil, and sent General MacArthur to build up American defenses in Philippines
•2, 403 American casualties
•1, 178 injured
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America mobilizes for WWII
• American workers 2x as productive as German workers– 5x Japanese
•Cost-plus contracts for production of war materials
Car companies switch to making tanks -------
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Rosie the Riveter
-2.5 million women entered workforce
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• Selective Service and Training Act-1st peacetime draft in American history after France surrenders to Germany
• “Double V”
– G.I.’s 8 weeks basic training
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War Production– Liberty ship- welded instead of riveted– War Production Board set production goals– Office of War Mobilization settle arguments
between the different agencies.
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Daily Life in Wartime America• To raise $$$ the government raised taxes to
cover about 45% of the cost of the war
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Fall of the Philippines, 1942
• General Douglas MacArthur– Bataan Death March 78,000
•The Doolittle Raid
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Battle of Britain newsreels
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=m0-fVLCnsBs
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Japanese Internment• On February 19, 1942, FDR
signed an order allowing the War Department to declare any part of the United States a military zone and remove anybody from the zone.
• The West Coast was declared a military zone, and all people of Japanese ancestry were evacuated to 10 internment camps.
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Korematsu v U.S. 1944
• Korematsu remained in San Leandro, California and violated Civilian Exclusion Order No. 34 of the U.S. Army.
• Decision: 6 votes for United States, 3 vote(s) againstThe Court sided with the government and held that the need to protect against espionage outweighed Korematsu's rights.
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The Civil Rights Act of 1988 (HR442) awarded redressto all surviving internees or their relatives. President George Bush sent this formal apology letter along with a $20,000 check.
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• Why were west coast Japanese American citizens relocated - while Japanese Americans in Hawaii and German-Americans and Italian-Americans were not?
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How were Japanese internment camps similar and different to Hitler’s concentration camps in Europe? Explain.
Close
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“This is the enemy”
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JkaQqzumMGE