Georgia during Georgia during World War IWorld War I

SS8H7d:SS8H7d:• Give reasons Give reasons for for World War I and World War I and describedescribe Georgia’s contribution.Georgia’s contribution.

In August 1914, President Woodrow Wilson asked Americans to remain impartial in thought and deed toward the war that had just broken out in Europe. Wilson wanted the United States to exemplify the democratic commitment to peace, but "The Great War" continually challenged the nation's neutrality.

President Woodrow Wilson tried to keep America out of World War I, and succeeded in postponing U.S. entry into the war for almost three years.

World War I was:World War I was:**Originally called the **Originally called the “Great War” “Great War” due to the numerous due to the numerous

nations that fought and the great cost of lives and nations that fought and the great cost of lives and property.property.

**Broke out in **Broke out in EuropeEurope in in August 1914 August 1914 between the between the Allied Allied Powers Powers ((Great Britain, France, and RussiaGreat Britain, France, and Russia)) and the and the

Central PowersCentral Powers (Germany, (Germany, Austrian-Hungary Austrian-Hungary EmpireEmpire, and the Ottoman Empire), and the Ottoman Empire)

**Over **Over 9 million 9 million soldiers died as well as over soldiers died as well as over 5 million 5 million civilians died (22 million soldiers injured)civilians died (22 million soldiers injured)

** United States remained neutral until ** United States remained neutral until April 1917 April 1917 ( war ( war had already gone on for 20 months), then joined had already gone on for 20 months), then joined Allied Allied PowersPowers

Causes of World War ICauses of World War I

***Assassination of ***Assassination of Archduke Ferdinand Archduke Ferdinand (heir to throne (heir to throne in Austrian-Hungary Empire) in August 1914 by in Austrian-Hungary Empire) in August 1914 by Serbian nationalists--------Serbian nationalists-------- starts a chain of events starts a chain of events that lead to warthat lead to war

1.1. System of Secret TreatiesSystem of Secret Treaties

2.2. Competition between empiresCompetition between empires

a. a. Militarism Militarism – government with – government with a strong a strong militarymilitary  spirit or policy  spirit or policy

b. b. Imperialism – Imperialism – the policy of extending the the policy of extending the  rule or authority of an empire  rule or authority of an empire 

c. c. Nationalism - Nationalism - devotion and loyalty to one's own devotion and loyalty to one's own nationnation

3. Smaller ethnic groups (Serbs, Poles, etc.) wishing self-3. Smaller ethnic groups (Serbs, Poles, etc.) wishing self-determination determination

““Trench Warfare” was most common method of fighting Trench Warfare” was most common method of fighting during warduring war

Trench Warfare

What war What war pictures are pictures are these similar these similar

too?too?Péronne during the Battle of the Somme, 1916--Robert Carlson. "Don't be angry, just be amazed," was the calling card left by Germans on the destroyed town hall of Péronne after their withdrawal to the Hindenberg

Civil War – Civil War – Sherman’s March to Sherman’s March to

the Sea.the Sea.

Many new weapons of war used for first time during World Many new weapons of war used for first time during World War IWar I

United States’ Involvement during warUnited States’ Involvement during war

**United States declared the **United States declared the Neutrality ProclamationNeutrality Proclamation at start of war (President Washington urged all future at start of war (President Washington urged all future presidents not to be involved in European wars!)presidents not to be involved in European wars!)

**U.S. claimed **U.S. claimed “freedom of the seas” “freedom of the seas” meaning they can meaning they can trade with any warring nationtrade with any warring nation

**Yet U.S. gets drawn into war:**Yet U.S. gets drawn into war:

1. German U-Boats sinking ships1. German U-Boats sinking ships

2. Anti-German propaganda (German atrocities)2. Anti-German propaganda (German atrocities)

3. German spies attempt to 3. German spies attempt to sabotage sabotage U.S. factoriesU.S. factories

4. 4. Zimmerman telegram (Zimmerman telegram (Germany ally with Germany ally with MexicoMexico?)?)

GEORGIA CONTRIBUTIONS

TO WORLD WAR I

SOLDIERS and

WOMENVOLUNTEERS

MILITARY TRAINING

CAMPSSUPPLIES

Georgia’s Contribution to World War I (SS8H7d)Georgia’s Contribution to World War I (SS8H7d)

Military Personnel from GeorgiaMilitary Personnel from GeorgiaNumber who served: Number who served: 100,000 men and women to the war effort100,000 men and women to the war effort

Textile Mills Textile Mills How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Railroads Railroads How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Farms Farms How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Sewing circles Sewing circles How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Bond Drives Bond Drives How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Red Cross Red Cross What is it? What is it? How it helped the war effort:How it helped the war effort:

dispatched a ship to Europe loaded with dispatched a ship to Europe loaded with medical personnelmedical personnel and supplies  and supplies

Victory Gardens Victory Gardens What were they: What were they: How they helped the war effort:How they helped the war effort:

Southern Textile MillsSouthern Textile Mills

How they helped the war effort?•Made material for clothing.

How did railroads help the war?

1. Transported weapons2. Transported soldiers3. Transported supplies

• Germans blindsided the Allies with chlorine gas

• Once in the body, the yellow-green gas tortured and killed at the same time, causing asphyxiation, convulsions, panic, and a slow death

• When the wind was just right, the Germans would release the gas and it would creep slowly over battlefields, finding its way into trench crevices and soldiers' lungs.

• It was something to be feared, but as American chemist James Bert Garner discovered in 1915, it could be subdued with activated charcoal, made from natural fibers such as those found in peach pits.

PEACH FARMS

Sewing circles

• sew items from clothes to flags to raise money for the war effort.

• groups of ladies (some married to military men)

War Bond War Bond Drives during Drives during World War IWorld War I

• a bond is like a loan: the holder of the bond is the lender (creditor), the issuer of the bond is the borrower (debtor), and the coupon is the interest.

Victory Gardens Victory Gardens during World War I ?during World War I ?

During WWI families were encouraged to plant home gardens at their residences or in public parks in order to reduce the pressure on the public food supply brought on by the war effort.

**War officially ends on **War officially ends on November 11, 1918 November 11, 1918 ((Armistice Day)Armistice Day)

****The Central Powers lose The Central Powers lose land and powerland and power

100,000 men and women to the 100,000 men and women to the war effortwar effort