WWF 全球老虎生存计划Tigers Alive Initiative The Strategic Plan

WWF 全球老虎生存计划

200912

+ 3,200+ 1,500,000

• 全球老虎生存计

划

WWF在全球12个老

虎景观区采取保

护行动

全球老虎保护区总面积超过

150万平方公里

“WWF计划”始于2009年

中国


www.wwfchina.org

100%再造纸


Tigers Alive Initiative The Strategic Plan

我们致力于

www.wwfchina.org

© 1986 Panda symbo l WWF – World Wide Fund For Nature (Formerly World Wildlife Fund)® “WWF” is a WWF Registered T rademark.

世界自然基金会（瑞士）北京代表处

北京市劳动人民文化宫东门内文华宫1609室邮编：100006

Tel：+86 10 65116211

遏止地球自然环境的恶化，创造人类与自然和谐相

处的美好未来。

2014

宣传册

Translated by Chang Youde and Li Ying, and reviewed by Fan Zhiyong and Shi Quanhua翻译：长有德、李瑛 ; 审阅：范志勇、石全华

全球老虎生存

全球野生虎种群仅存3200只

© John S. M

itchell / WW

F-Canon

1

Vision 愿景

“Tigers thrive in viable wild populations in priority landscapes, and in restored, interconnected habitats, secure from the threats to their survival and coexisting with local communities.”确保全球老虎在优先景观区域和相互连通的栖息地健康稳定生存，并与当地社区和居民和谐共存。

Despite hard work, investment and many astounding achievements in tiger conservation, wild tigers are still at risk of functional extinction in the wild. Numbers have collapsed from 100,000 a century ago to as low as 3200 in 2010. The current poaching epidemic affecting many of the world’s iconic species as well as habitat degradation has placed the long-term viability of wild tiger populations in a precarious position. The time for bold action is now.

The challenge to recover wild tigers is one WWF has to meet head-on. Over 30 years ago, we lobbied the highest political leadership in India, Prime Minister Indira Ghandi, to create Project Tiger. That project propelled tiger conservation in India to new levels of focus and intensity. A similar effort is currently needed across the entire species ranges. The WWF Tigers Alive Initiative is WWF’s response to this urgent call for action.

TX2: 总目标：

The population of wild Tigers, across their range, increased to at least 6000 by 2022. 到 2022 年，在全球老虎分布区域，野生虎种群数量最少增长至 6000 只。

THEORY OF

CHANGE

变革理论

WWF 全球老虎生存计划WWF 全球老虎生存计划

32

The WWF Tigers Alive Initiative has an ambitious goal to double tigers in the wild by 2022: “TX2”. This goal does not allow for a business-as-usual approach. TX2 forces us to transform everything we have been doing in tiger conservation and bring it to a new level of intensity, coordination, innovation, influence and professionalism. This goal forces us to move away from our past defensive strategy, focusing on saving the tiger from extinction, to an active strategy aimed to not only halt the decline but also recover the tigers to a position of relative safety. It will require the governments of the tiger range countries to take action at an unprecedented level for any species other than our own.

In November 2010 in St. Petersburg, 13 tiger range governments together with partners in conservation, committed to the goal of doubling tigers to over 6000 individuals by 2022. WWF’s goal is now a shared goal of the tiger conservation community, a shared goal of the world.

通过共同的不懈努力，老虎保护取得了重大成就。然而，野生虎仍处灭绝的

边缘，其种群数量由一个世纪前的 10 万只，骤减至 2010 年的 3200 只。目

前偷猎依然泛滥，栖息地严重退化，野生虎种群已处于十分危险的境地。保

护野生虎，我们要大胆，并且要立即行动。

世界自然基金会（WWF）面临恢复野生虎的严峻挑战。30 年前，我们成功说

服了印度最高领袖——英迪拉·甘地总理，创建了印度老虎保护项目。这一

项目把印度老虎保护的关注和努力提高到一个全新的高度。当下我们需要相

同的努力，把这种努力扩展到全球老虎分布的所有区域，为此，我们发起了

“WWF 全球老虎生存计划”。

“WWF 全球老虎生存计划”的宏伟目标是，到 2022 年，全球野生虎种群数

量翻一番，达到 6000 只左右。为实现这一目标，我们再不能和以前一样，

按照常规的方式方法，我们需要大胆变革，需要将保护老虎的广度、深度和

创新思路提升到一个新的高度。我们需要摆脱过去的保守策略，那时只专注

拯救老虎免于灭绝，现在新的积极有效的策略不再是仅仅阻止老虎种群数量

的进一步下降，相反，我们将努力使其恢复到相对安全的水平。这一策略需

要所有老虎分布国采取前所未有的共同行动，不仅要保护我们人类自己，还

需要与人类共存的其他物种。

2010 年 11 月，在圣彼得堡，来自 13 个虎分布国政府政要与保护领域的合

作伙伴一道，承诺至2022年老虎种群数量实现翻一番，增长到6000只左右。

WWF 与广大老虎保护机构在这一全球目标上是完全一致的。

Our Theory of Change is based on three transformational strategies that we have turned into the goals of the Initiative. To make the change necessary to lift tigers to a place of long-term safety by 2022, we must:

• Mobilise Support: Maintain the political commitment and action at the highest level and garner the largest, strongest constituency of support for tigers there has ever been.

• Ensure coordinated, systematic implementation: Systematically put in place the enabling conditions that will bring to an end the illegal killing of tigers, dampen the trade that is driving the killing, halt habitat loss and put in place the mechanisms that will provide the conditions for recovery in the most viable locations remaining.

• Shape the vision for the future: Establish the social, economic and cultural mechanisms, policies and practices to sustain the recovery of tigers and allow a future for people and tigers to thrive together.

We are implementing the above strategies in three phased approaches. We started by gaining support and commitment from governments, partners and wider public. We are now focusing on stopping tiger decline and building a foundation for recovery. We are preparing for the third phase, which will focus on creating space for people and tigers to live together; to ensure tiger recovery is intrinsic to the development strategies of tiger range countries. The WWF Tigers Alive Initiative, working together with TRAFFIC, brings a new level of ambition, focus, coordination, innovation, collaboration, intensity and the obsession with winning that is required to transform from the defensive strategy of saving the tiger to a range-wide programmatic campaign for tiger recovery.

Three goals have been identified as the pillars of our strategy, based on this Theory of Change, to support global efforts to achieve TX2. Accomplishing these goals will turn the corner for tiger conservation and ultimately secure wild tigers by 2022. The goals comprise strategies that transform actions from simple interventions to game-changing measures. They use points of leverage to multiply the impact across the tiger’s range and in places that still threaten the future of this iconic species.

While the target of TX2 has been adopted by the global tiger conservation community, this strategy is for WWF and TRAFFIC. We are a vital and irreplaceable part of efforts to achieve this ambitious goal. We have a


54

responsibility on our shoulders. It will take the full force of our interconnected networks to realize the goals described within this strategy. Ultimately, the power of this strategy to effect change will be determined by how our network of offices, programmes and individuals work together and rise to the challenge. It is a challenge - one we cannot fail to meet.

WWF 变革理论基于以下三个转型策略：

• 推进支持和行动：推动对老虎保护的高层政治承诺和行动，使老虎保

护支持者强大和有力。

• 组织协调和实施：老虎分布国及相关组织和机构相互协调，系统实施

具体措施，杜绝非法猎杀老虎种群和引起栖息地丧失的行为和活动，

落实提高老虎种群生存的有效机制。

• 规划未来和愿景：建立有效的社会、经济和文化机制，确保老虎与人

类和谐共存。

我们通过三个阶段实施上述三个转型策略。第一阶段，我们成功推动了各级

政府、合作伙伴和广大公众的对老虎保护的承诺和支持。第二阶段，我们现

在正在努力把关注点集中到扭转老虎种群下降，实现老虎种群恢复这一工作

上。第三阶段，我们将重点放在创建人与老虎和谐共存这一层面上，确保恢

复老虎种群也是老虎分布国的重要发展与保护战略。“WWF 全球老虎生存计

划”还与 TRAFFIC 一道，共同恢复老虎种群，实现从过去保守的单纯拯救老

虎这一策略，转化为相互整合、协调、合作和创新这一思路和理念上来。

“WWF 全球老虎生存计划”有三个目标，三个目标都有各自明确的策略，实

现从过去的简单干预到未来“游戏规则”的全面改变，撬动多方支持，扩大

保护影响力，实现到 2022 年，野生老虎种群数量倍增这一全球目标。

全球野生虎种群倍增这一目标已得到全球各个机构的广泛认可。WWF 和TRAFFIC 在这一全球目标上也是完全一致的，双方重任在肩，各自作用相互

不可替代。两个机构需要各自的整个网络全力以赴以实现这个共同目标，同

时，各个网络办公室、项目和相关人员对这一共同目标发挥各自独特的作用。

这一目标只能成功，不能失败。


© K

LENIN

& H

UBERT

/WW

F


76

1Goal 1 Transformational Strategies and Objectives转型策略和具体目标

T h e h i g h e s t a n d b r o a d e s t level of political e n g a g e m e n t t o d e l i v e r t h e S u m m i t c o m m i t m e n t s to achieve TX2 i s r eached and maintained until 2022 and beyond.

The purpose of this goal is to ensure the momentum created at the Tiger Summit in 2010 is maintained as the major driver for transformational change and multiplication of efforts across the globe. Three objectives must be met to achieve this goal. The first is the need to support those bodies created or behind the high-level engagement. These include the Global Tiger Initiative of the World Bank, the Global Tiger Forum, (the only international intergovernmental body dedicated to tiger conservation) and the governments of tiger range countries and other supporting national governments. The aim of the work is to ensure heads of state are engaged, ready to commit and take the action required to reach TX2. To mobilise these critical stakeholders, we will concurrently raise national support within tiger range countries to drive actions. In order to create the impacts needed, we will also search for funds to support tiger conservation.

到 2022 年乃至以后，在更高和更加广泛层面，保持和实现过去老虎峰会上所承

诺的老虎种群数量倍增的目标。

目标一是确保继续保持 2010 年老虎峰会对老虎保护的良好势头，为推动全球老

虎保护转型和努力提供主要动力。为了达到这个目标，三个具体目标必须得到

落实。第一，支持各个机构之间高层接触，包括世界银行的全球老虎行动计划

（GTI）、全球老虎论坛（GTF）和老虎分布国和其各级政府部门。这一工作的

目的是确保相关国家首脑参与到全球老虎保护之中来，主动承诺并采取具体行

动，实现野生虎倍增（TX2）的努力。动员这些关键利益相关方，提高老虎分布

国在国家层面的支持和行动。为了提高保护影响力，我们还将寻找多种渠道筹

措资金，共同支持老虎保护工作。

Activities will include regular participation in GTI/World Bank and GTF meetings, support for the implementation of the GTRP and NTRP such as technical solutions, communications and reporting.

1.1b 保持世界银行和全球老虎论坛（GTF) 高效领导力，确保实现老

虎种群数量翻一番。

主要活动包括举办和参加 GTI 和 GTF 的重大会议，支持实施全

球老虎恢复计划和各个国家老虎恢复计划，提供技术和宣传等方

面的支持。

1.1b Ministers and premiers maintain effective leadership of the global efforts towards Tx2 and actively deliver on the GTRP and NTRP commitments.

Lobbying and supporting Ministerial level engagement including bi-annual Ministerial meetings. Provide capacity building, technical and logistical support where necessary.

1.1b 各个虎分布国部长和总理保持高效领导力，积极落实全球老虎恢

复计划和各个国家老虎恢复计划所作出的承诺，实现全球野生虎

种群数量翻一番。

主要活动包括游说和支持部长级领导的参与，包括两年一届的部

长级会议，提供能力建设、技术及后勤方面所需的支持。

Objective 1.2 Mobilize coordinated national action for change

目标 1.2调动和协调国家行动，适应相关变化

NGOs join their voice in all TRCs to demand fast and deliberate action towards Tx2.

Activities will include mobilization of grass roots NGOs, businesses, universities as a coordinated voice of support and concern; regular monitoring of government and partner actions and engagement with civil society through NGO partnerships.

NGO 积极参与各个国家老虎行动计划，促进落实老虎倍增计划的

具体行动和措施。

主要活动包括推动本土 NGO、企业和高校的积极参与，通过与

NGO的合作，全面动态监测政府及合作伙伴与民间团体之间的合

作和具体保护行动。

Objective 1.1 Drive effective global and national leadership

目标 1.1推动高效的全球及国家领导力

1.1a The World Bank and the GTF maintain effective leadership of the global efforts towards TX2.

Goal One: 目标一 :

Maintain Political Momentum 保持良好的政治意愿



98

T h e c a u s e s o f d e c l i n e to t iger populations are suff ic ient ly reduced by 2016 and matched by active recovery efforts to show an increase to TX2.

This goal is the heart of a c h i e v i n g T X 2 o n t h e ground where the impact of the entire strategy must be ultimately be felt. The Goal is separated into two approaches mirroring the need to ha l t wi ld t iger population declines and to p romote and enab le p o p u l a t i o n r e c o v e r y . Strategies aimed to halt the declines focus on stopping tiger poaching and raising the bar for protection at both the site and management level. Our ground teams

need the skills, strategies, capacity and stamina to make the difference hectare by hectare. Beyond a targeted and prioritized response at the landscape level, we work up the trade chain to focus on international trade hubs and address the demand for tiger parts. By working closely with TRAFFIC we will target the greatest points of leverage throughout the trade chain to make interventions.

The second aspect of Goal 2 emphasizes building and creating the enabling conditions at the landscape level for tiger population recovery. This includes finding places to invest in that will show immediate and sustained growth for TX2 - these places have the potential to become the beating hearts for recovery in the landscapes. Ultimately, efforts towards TX2 will be in vain if we cannot count and monitor wild tiger populations on a large-scale. Tigers still remain an aloof species, notoriously difficult to monitor but for us to be successful we will need to know how the populations are doing.

到 2016 年，显著降低引起老虎种群下降的重要威胁因素，通过积极的恢复

努力以增加全球老虎种群数量翻一番。

这一目标是老虎倍增努力并发挥影响的核心内容，主要包括两个方面，一是

阻止野生虎种群的进一步下降，二是积极促进野生虎种群的恢复。主要策略

将致力于杜绝对野生虎种群的猎杀，保护老虎栖息地，提高栖息地管理水

Objective 1.3 Seek Financial Support

目标 1.3拓宽资金支持

Financing mechanisms are created and existing ones are directed to support government efforts to achieve Tx2 and maintain the efforts beyond 2022.

Activities will include cooperation with potential government and corporate donors to identify new financing possibilities for priority actions under the GTRP and NTRPs.

建立有效的资金筹措机制，现有的筹资筹措机制可以直接支持

政府活动，不仅可以实现老虎种群倍增目标，同时也可以保持

2022 年以后的更长远努力。

主要活动包括支持政府与资助企业之间的合作，扩宽其他资金来

源，确保全球老虎恢复计划和各个国家老虎恢复计划中各个优先

行动的具体落实。

Goal Two: 目标二 :

Stop the threat from poaching and trade and accelerate recovery 杜绝盗猎及贸易所带来的威胁与压力，促进老虎种群的恢复

2Goal Two Transformational Strategies and Objectives转型策略和具体目标


© V

ladimir Filonov/ W

WF-C

anon


1110


平。我们的野外团队需要技术、策略、能力和耐力，一点一点的使整个栖息

地发生变化。除了在景观水平上与我们的主要目标和优先活动相互配合，我

们的工作还要关注重要的跨国野生动物贸易区域和对虎制品的需求。我们要

与 TRAFFIC 密切合作，干预和切断整个非法野生动物贸易链条。

另一方面，目标二同时也强调在景观水平上恢复老虎所需要的可能条件，包

括寻找和识别合适区域，这些区域是实现老虎种群数量增倍和保持种群持续

增长的潜力所在。如果我们在景观尺度上不能统计和监测老虎种群数量，我

们所有的努力也将是徒劳无功的。老虎是趋避性物种，监测难度大，但我们

仍要尽可能全面详细地掌握野生虎种群动态。

2.1 Stop poaching and tradeBy 2022 tiger poaching and trade no longer significantly contributes to wild tiger population declines.

2.1杜绝盗猎和贸易至 2022 年盗猎和贸易不再显著影响野生虎种群数量

Objective 2.1.1 Conservation Assured|Tiger Standards (CA|TS)

目标 2.1.1老虎保护标准 (CA|TS)

The management of Tiger Management Units has reached a set of standards required to assure tiger conservation.

Activities are largely focused on the development and implementation of an accreditation scheme for effective protected area management for tigers based on a set of agreed standards, Conservation Assured|Tiger Standards (CA|TS).

老虎管理单元的管理要达到实现虎保护所需的一系列标准。

主要活动是以统一的老虎保护标准 (CA|TS) 的发展和实施来实

现老虎保护地的有效管理。

Objective 2.1.2 Site Based Enforcement

目标 2.1.2实地执行

Effective enforcement capacity has secured habitat and stopped tiger

and tiger prey loss.

Activities include the roll-out of SMART, protection audits at the site, landscape and national levels and advocacy for governments to work towards Zero Poaching as fast as possible.

以有效的实地执行能力确保老虎的栖息地，阻止老虎及其猎物的

进一步丧失。

主要活动包括应用 SMART 系统，考核各个保护地、景观区域和

国家水平的保护地状况，游说各级政府部门老虎保护工作尽快向

零盗猎迈进。

Objective 2.1.3 Starve the Supply

目标 2.1.3阻断非法野生动物供应链

Effective efforts made by governments of tiger range countries and/or other countries being used as transit points for smuggling tiger parts and products have reduced tiger trade to negligible levels.

Activities include using intelligence to expose and break down criminal networks involved in the trade of tigers and improving the capacity for effective enforcement across the entire trade chain.

老虎分布国及其他国家政府努力在虎制品走私的中转站地区，把

非法野生动物贸易对虎种群的影响降到能够忽略的水平。

主要活动包括收集非法野生动物贸易情报，曝光和切断老虎制品

非法贸易链条和网络，提高打击非法野生动物贸易的执法能力和

力度。

Objective 2.1.4 China Plus

目标 2.1.4中国模块

China is no longer leading consumption and trade in tiger parts and products through efforts led by the Chinese government, private sector and civil society.

Activities include supporting the development of MOUs between China and other TRCs to halt trade, raising tigers as a national animal and supporting the rollout of the Chinese joint enforcement bodies including the development and launch of a joint demand/consumption


1312


Objective 2.2.1 Tx2 recovery sites

目标 2.2.1野生虎种群数量倍增的关键区域

Tigers have increased at the maximum pace possible in at least 12 flagship sites for TX2.

Activities include identification of sites with the greatest potential for rapid recovery and include further support for improving management towards accreditation against CA|TS.

至少在 12 个标志性景观区域，实现野生虎种群数量最大限度的

增长。

主要活动包括识别实现野生虎种群能够快速恢复的潜在关键区

域，并用 CA|TS 来评估其管理能力。

Objective 2.2.2 Local solutions for long-term tiger conservation

目标 2.2.2老虎长期保护的实地措施

Tiger Management Units are secured for the long-term conservation of tigers through innovative economic, social and political mechanisms.

Activities include identification of critical actions to secure key landscape units such as critical corridors; include building a strong constituency of support for tiger conservation in the landscape through the development of social and economic incentives including helping to reduce human-tiger conflict to a minimum.

通过创新性经济、社会和政府管理机制，确保老虎管理单元中对

老虎的长期持续保护。

主要活动包括通过确定决定性行动确保关键走廊带等老虎重要景

观区域，以社会和经济鼓励手段，建立景观尺度为基础的虎保护

持续支持体系，包括降低人-虎冲突的激励机制等。

Objective 2.2.3 Reintroduction

目标 2.2.3野生虎重引入

An appropriate tiger reintroduction programme is in place in potential

2.2 Recover Tiger Numbers By 2022, targeted and strategic investment in key sites and landscapes has led to a measurable increase in the numbers of tigers to TX2.

2.2到 2022 年，恢复野生虎种群数量，通过在重要地点和景观区的战略性和定向性投入，使老虎种群实现量化性增长，以达到倍增。

campaign with the Chinese government and mirrored by other countries such as Vietnam.

通过与政府部门、个人及民间之间的共同努力，促使中国在虎制

品贸易中不再为主要消费市场国。

主要活动包括支持中国与其他虎分布国之间签订阻断老虎制品贸

易的备忘录，把虎提升为中国的国家象征动物，支持中国政府参

与降低全球野生动物需求和消费行动，也进一步带动越南等其他

周边国家。

Objective 2.1.5 Mobilize Partners against trade

目标 2.1.5动员相关合作伙伴反对野生动物贸易

International support has been a major contributor to the elimination of tiger trade through efforts reducing poaching and trade within tiger range and consumer countries.

Activities include developing strong cooperation with Interpol and the ICCWC partners and supporting the effective delivery of the regional Wildlife Enforcement Networks eg ASEANWEN and SAWEN.

国际社会一直努力减少野生虎的盗猎，减少虎分布国与消费国之

间对虎制品的贸易。

主要活动包括加强与国际刑警组织（Interpol）和打击野生动物犯罪

联盟（ICCWC）之间的相互合作，支持南亚野生生物执法网络和东

亚野生生物执法网络等地区性野生生物执法网络发挥有效工作。


1514


Core Areas where tigers have been recently extirpated to significantly contribute towards TX2.

Activities include supporting the development of reintroduction plans for key sites (Cambodia, Kazakhstan).

在近期已经局部灭绝的老虎潜在中心区域进行野生虎的重引入，

以对全球虎倍增目标作出有价值的贡献。

主要活动包括在一些关键区域，如柬埔寨、哈萨克斯坦，尝试老

虎重引入计划。

Objective 2.2.4 Monitor TX2 progress

目标 2.2.4监测老虎倍增计划进展

Systems for measuring and monitoring tiger/tiger prey and habitat quality/coverage are in place and providing regular data for tracking progress to TX2.

Activities include active monitoring of landscape units for tiger numbers, prey density and habitat quality and coverage in order to understand the direct impact of our conservation measures and improve interventions.

制定和实施对虎种群及其猎物和栖息地质量与面积的监测体系，

提供相关信息和数据，跟踪虎倍增计划的进展。

主要活动包括在老虎景观区监测老虎种群数量、猎物、栖息地质

量与面积，动态了解保护项目和措施发挥的作用，进一步提高后

续执行力。

© W

WF


1716


of support for tigers from those communities and companies at the frontline to those able to influence the decision-makers in the capital cities. Without their support, nothing will be achieved for very long.

确保虎与人类共存的适宜空间，实现 6000 多只虎种群的长期繁衍生存，得

到当地居民、私营企业及相关政府的积极支持。

在人口和资源需求日益增长的今天，要保持老虎种群的增长是一个长期而严

峻的挑战。目标三策略是致力于建立能够帮助我们应对影响老虎栖息丧失的

根本因素，建立虎与人类共存的未来。

目标三转型策略，一方面要致力于具体规划，在景观水平上确保满足老虎及

其他动物以及人类的共同需求。这一策略致力于寻找新的方式方法，把我们

的愿景变成现实，使老虎景观区域在未来的区域发展规划中主流化。确保主

要的栖息地走廊带，连通关键景观区域。功能性走廊带是老虎长期的景观区

域保护策略的基础，但走廊带区域也是基础建设等因素最为脆弱的区域。确

保走廊带区域的安全，我们需要一系列特别的技巧、经验、知识，需要各个

利益相关方参与和实施。走廊带建设非常紧迫，也至关重要，它们不仅为我

们提供学习和检验创新综合方式方法的途径，也能够平衡老虎和人类双方的

共同需求。

另一方面，转型策略将具体行动与所面临的实际问题相结合，长期而平衡地

保持老虎景观区内转型策略，扭转老虎长期保护的三个问题。第一是寻求绿

色经济发展创新模式，确保当地群众对老虎保护的广泛支持。第二是学会如

何平衡人与老虎之间的共存，在实现老虎倍增目标之前，探索如何使大型捕

食者也能够在人口密集的区域得以有效生存。第三是建立深入的替代生计，

在大型商业城市，如何使决策者在社区与企业发展之间找到一种平衡，如果

没有他们的广泛支持，从长远来看，老虎保护一切都无法取得成功。

3.1 Envision the future3.1 展望未来

By 2022, tigers thrive in spaces created by innovative and flexible land-use and development plans that address real-world scenarios.

至2022年，通过创新性土地使用，制定反映现实情况的发展计划，

保证老虎种群可持续繁衍生存。

3Goal Three Transformational Strategies and Objectives转型策略和具体目标

Secure optimum space for 6000+ tigers for the long-term with active support by local people, private sector and governments.

Bui ld ing and nur tur ing an expanding population of tigers amongst an expanding and increasingly resource demanding human population is the ultimate long-term challenge for tiger conservation. Under this Goal, the strategy is firmly aimed at establishing the conditions that enable us to tackle the root causes of tiger loss, in particular the loss of their habitat, and

build a prosperous future for tigers and people.

The first set of transformational strategies focuses on the need to find concrete planning solutions that secure a landscape that meets the needs of tigers, other species and conservation targets and the people that rely on those landscapes for their livelihoods and well-being. It aims to find new tools for turning our visions into reality and build them within the mainstream plans for future development in the tiger landscapes. One strategic line of intervention will focus on securing corridors. Functional corridors are fundamental to a long-term landscape strategy but are often the most fragile parts of the natural infrastructure for tigers. Securing corridors requires the sharpest set of skills, expertise, tools, understanding, participation and engagement of the widest set of stakeholders. A focus on corridors is both urgent and critical but also provides a suitable vehicle for learning about and testing innovative and comprehensive approaches on the sharp interface between tiger conservation needs and human needs.

The second set of transformational strategies under this goal combine actions that are fundamental to achieving the long-term balance of interests in the landscape but also tackle three issues that are also fundamental for long-term tiger conservation. These strategies tackle the hearts and minds of people and their relationship with tigers and tiger habitats. One strategy explores the development of a green economy as a route for appropriate economic incentives to gain support for tiger conservation. The second deals with the issue of coexistence between humans and tigers. Solutions to the question of how a large, feared predator can live in dense, human conditions are required before we can fully realize the TX2 goal and beyond. The final strategy aims to build a broad and focused constituency

Goal Three: 目标三 :

Create Space for Tigers and People创建虎和人类共存空间


1918


Objective 3.1.1 Mainstream Tiger Landscape Visions

目标 3.1.1老虎景观区愿景的主流化

Landscape visions (e.g. landscape boundaries, TMU designations) are mainstreamed within development plans, private investment and public policy through the facilitation of joint agreements.

Activities include the creation of landscape scale transboundary agreements and possible institutions and incorporation of plans within national, provincial and local development plans.

老虎景观区愿景，如景观区边界、老虎保护单元的设置等，在当

地发展规划、私人投资以及公共政策的制定中成为主流，相互协

调和配合。

主要活动包括在国家、省级及地方政府发展规划中，建立老虎景

观水平的跨区域保护协议以及可能的法律与合作计划。

Objective 3.1.2 Secure Corridors

目标 3.1.2确保走廊带

Critical corridors are secured and the learning process is used as a vehicle for addressing spatial planning concerns.

Activities include identification of immediate and longer-term threats and mitigation strategies for each corridor and design solutions and actions to obtain their security. This will include the development of a novel system for characterization and ranking of sites for their long-term viability for tigers.

确保主要的走廊带，在加强空间规划中，促进相互学习和经验分享。

主要活动包括识别各个走廊带所面临的近期、长期威胁，设计解

决这些威胁的途径和手段，包括创新发展模式探索，提高老虎种

群长期健康生存的区域地位。

Objective 3.1.3 Spatial Planning

目标 3.1.3空间规划

A spatial planning toolkit that aids in addressing real-world scenarios have been developed and promoted for public and private use to

3.2 Mobilize long-term support for tigers 3.2促动对老虎保护的长期支持

By 2022, support for tigers and habitat has broadened and deepened to create a future for people and tigers.

至 2022 年，扩大和深化对老虎及其栖息地保护的长期支持，以

创建人与老虎共存的美好未来。

Objective 3.2.1 Seed a Green Economy

目标 3.2.1培植绿色经济

The principles and applications of green economy have been promoted throughout the landscapes and have measurably contributed to TX2.

Activities include the specific promotion of a green economy for the tiger landscapes using the force of trade unions, mass groups and businesses.

推动绿色经济基本理念原理在老虎老虎景观区域得以应用，可量

化地贡献实现老虎倍增目标。

secure landscape needs for tigers and people.

Activities include development of planning tools such as scenario planning, SIP and SEAs for landscapes and their corridors focusing on the most relevant bodies within the public and private sectors including governments, NGOs, local communities and business.

制定反映真实情形和因地制宜的空间规划工具包，满足公共和私

人企业的实际需求，同时也满足老虎的生境需求。

主要活动包括开发空间规划工具包，如景观区域和走廊带设计的

情景规划、SIP、SEAs 等，关注公共和私营企业的实际需要，也包

括政府、NGOs、当地社区、企业部门的需要。


2120


主要活动包括利用区域贸易、团体和企业力量，在老虎景观区域

推动绿色经济。

Objective 3.2.2 Co-existing with tigers

目标 3.2.2与老虎共存

Strategies for harmonious coexistence between tigers and people have been developed and applied and helped to secure tiger populations into the future.

Activities include investigating methods to facilitate co-existence where relevant and to examine mechanisms for creating more space for tigers away from human activities when co-existence is not an option.

制定和发展人与老虎共存的策略计划，确保老虎种群的安全水平。

主要活动内容包括在人虎冲突不明显和远离人类活动的区域，开

拓更多空间，开拓促进人虎共存的体制机制，验证这些体制的可

行性和有效性。

Objective 3.2.3 “I for Tigers”

目标 3.2.3“我与老虎的未来”

Support for tiger conservation is grown at multiple levels of society through innovative communications campaigns and civic engagement activities with the aim of enhancing the constituency for TX2.

Activities include communication and engagement actions that bring people closer to the tiger and the tiger’s needs; moving them from understanding to support to action towards TX2.

增强民众对老虎倍增目标的认可和支持，通过创新社区活动和公

民广泛参与，在社会各个层面提升对公众对老虎保护的广泛支持。

主要活动包括开展宣传和公众教育，带领广大公众深入了解老虎

保护工作和需求，推动公众从了解走向具体实践，支持老虎倍增

这一宏伟目标。

© 杨

铭 ©

Yang Ming

WWF 全球老虎生存计划Tigers Alive Initiative The Strategic Plan

Documents

Transcript of WWF 全球老虎生存计划Tigers Alive Initiative The Strategic Plan