WRU Workshop: Modeling Flow, Sediment Transport and Bed Evolution in Vietnamese RiversOctober 29-30, 2008

Jonathan NelsonUSGSGeomorphology and Sediment Transport Laboratory Golden, Colorado

Department of the InteriorU.S. Geological Survey

MD_SWMS Modeling Developments and New Research Directions

MD_SWMSMD_SWMS

Generic, model Generic, model integrated, pre- integrated, pre- and post-and post-processing GUIprocessing GUI

MD_SWMSMD_SWMS

Generic, model Generic, model integrated, pre- integrated, pre- and post-and post-processing GUIprocessing GUI

CGNSCGNS– Common data Common data

structure for structure for reading, writing reading, writing and storing data and storing data associated with associated with CDF applicationsCDF applications

Improvements to MD_SWMS

Latest release has:

1. SToRM model

Trinity River, Northern California

Q = 470 cfs(Q = 13.31 m3/s)

Improvements to MD_SWMS

Latest release has:

1. SToRM model

2. Improved sediment transport

Knik River Bridge Scour

4

6

8

10

12

14

DATE

EL

EV

AT

ION

, IN

ME

TE

RS

2005

2004

2003

2002

pier

STAGE

BED ELEVATION

M ay 14 June 11 July 10 August 7 September 4

Knik River

Improvements to MD_SWMS

Latest release has:

1. SToRM model

2. Improved sediment transport

3. Habitat Calculator

EcogeomorphologyEcogeomorphology: Study of interactions : Study of interactions between organisms / ecosystems and between organisms / ecosystems and landform development and processeslandform development and processes

Flow

Sediment transport

Channel morphology

Physical habitat

Biota

Courtesy of Andrew Wilcox

Flows and riparian vegetation: seedling Flows and riparian vegetation: seedling establishmentestablishment

Recruitment Box

summer base flow

March April May June July

(c)seedling

desiccationtolerance

(b)seed

dispersaltiming

bank

ele

vati

on

(a) site hydrology

stage hydrograph

Mahoney and Rood 1998; Stella 2005

Fish HabitatFish Habitat

Environment/Recreation

Power SupplyWater Supply

Why Model?Why Model?

Temporal and spatially distributed valuesTemporal and spatially distributed values Technology makes it more cost effectiveTechnology makes it more cost effective Provide quantitative informationProvide quantitative information Multidisciplinary toolMultidisciplinary tool InsightInsight

Habitat Model Grid

Habitat Layers

Hydrodynamic Layers•Velocity; Depth; Bed Shear Stress•Velocity profile•Drift Density

Fixed Layers•Substrate•Spawning Substrate•Vegetation•Cover

Functions

SI

Velocity

Habitat Calculator

SI

Depth

SI

Substrate

A

B

C

(A*B)1/n * (C)1/n

Calculated Layers•Distance to Cover•Distance to Waters Edge•Bioenergetics

(A*B*C…)1/n * (E*F*G…)1/n

Ha

bita

tA

rea

Time

Ha

bita

tA

rea

Discharge

Species A Species B Species C

Ha

bita

tA

rea

Exceedance

Summary Plots

Habitat Modeling ExampleHabitat Modeling Example

Cory Williams and Paul Diaz, Colorado Cory Williams and Paul Diaz, Colorado WSCWSC

Green River, UtahGreen River, Utah Downstream of Dinosaur Nat. Mon. Downstream of Dinosaur Nat. Mon. 5 Km Study Reach5 Km Study Reach Availability of suitable spawning substrateAvailability of suitable spawning substrate Weighted Usable Area of Larval Humpback Weighted Usable Area of Larval Humpback

ChubChub

Courtesy Cory Williams and Paul Diaz, Colorado WSC

(Depth X Velocity) ½

(Depth X Velocity) ½ X Dist. To Cover

WUA - Larval Humpback Chub

10000

15000

20000

25000

30000

35000

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700

Discharge (cms)

WU

A

WUA - Larval HumpbackChub

Future AdditionsFuture Additions

Bioenergetics Bioenergetics – Daily Net Energy IntakeDaily Net Energy Intake

TurbidityTurbidity DepthDepth VelocityVelocity Drift densityDrift density Drift sizeDrift size TemperatureTemperature Fish sizeFish size

BioenergeticsBioenergeticsBrown Trout – Blacksmith Fork River, UtahBrown Trout – Blacksmith Fork River, Utah

DNEI habitat versus fish locations

Dark Colors – High DNEILight Colors – Low DNEI

Improvements to MD_SWMS

Latest release has:

1. SToRM model

2. Improved sediment transport

3. Habitat Calculator

4. New Tutorials

Future Research Directions

- IRIC (beta version by 4/09)- Drag and drop models (XML)- More modeling capabilities- More comprehensive graphics- Geographical interface

Future Research Directions

- IRIC (beta version by 4/09)- Drag and drop models (XML)- More modeling capabilities- More comprehensive graphics- Geographical interface

- Models for constituent transport

Kootenai River

Future Research Directions

- IRIC (beta version by 4/09)- Drag and drop models (XML)- More modeling capabilities- More comprehensive graphics- Geographical interface

- Models for constituent transport- Models for bedforms