Writing and Inquiry: Composing, Discovery, and Research
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Transcript of Writing and Inquiry: Composing, Discovery, and Research
Writing and Inquiry: Composing, Discovery, and Research
Dr. Bruce BallengerBoise State University
“A culture of inquirers…”
1. Begins with questions not answers.2. Discovery is seeded with uncertainty, willingly
tolerated over time.3. Emphasizes induction over deduction.4. Has a method, a strategy.
Conditions for Inquiry?
Reasoning
Content
Suspending Judgments
Making Judgments
DataResearch Question
Myth of the Boring Topic
• No such thing as boring topic, only bad questions
• Suspend judgment and tolerate ambiguity• Extend the process of open inquiry• Questions are like knives• The more you look the more you see
Is Elvis dead?
Why do people keep asking this question?
Question of Fact or Definition
Interpretation Question
Hypothesis Question Policy Question Relationship
Question Question of Value
Dialogic Reasoning
Strategy for InquiryCreative Thinking
Sea Fastwriting
ShowingSpecifics
CollectingObservations ofWhat happened
ThenGenerating
ExploringSeeingPlaying
Critical ThinkingMountainComposingTellingGeneralitiesFocusingIdeas aboutWhat happensNowCriticizingReflectingInterpretingJudging
Portion of men whose attractiveness is judged by U.S. women to be “worse than average” : 4/5
Portion of women about whom U.S. men say this : 2/5
Number of people in India who currently have access to a mobile phone : 617,500,000
Number who have access to a toilet : 366,000,0009/10
Double Entry JournalCollect
Bibliographic info. Paraphrases Summaries Quotes/Passages Striking Facts
Explore/Evaluate/Explain
Fastwrite responses Questions Connections Believing game Doubting game
Student-centered
Instructor-centered
Content
Reasoning
Open Inquiry
Structured Inquiry
Guided Inquiry
LowKnowledge Moderate Knowledge
High Knowledge
Resistance
Reading
Question-askingCognitive Load
Motivation
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Mini-inquiry Project
Experts see patterns that novices fail to notice.
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1. Organize the Data in a Logical Way
2. Generate Questions that the Data Raise
3. Choose and Refine One Question and Eliminate Irrelevant Data.
4. Pose Inquiry Question of Value, Policy, Interpretation, Hypothesis, or Relationship. Post on newsprint.
Type Questions Genre
Question of Fact or Definition
What is it? What is known about it?
Beginning of inquiry
Question of Value
Which is better/worse? Is it good/bad
Review, Argument, Research Essay
Hypothesis Question
Might this be true? Research Essay, Personal Essay
Policy Question What should be done?
Argument, Proposal
Interpretation question?
What does it mean?
Literary Essay, Personal Essay, Ethnography, Profile
Relationship Question
Does ___ cause ___? Is __similar or dissimilar to ___?
Research Essay, Literary Essay, Ethnography