Writing an Effective Resume

Dean Victor C. Manabat

School of Business Information

Saint Michael’s College of Laguna

City of Binan

Road Map

Role of the Resume Types of Resumes Resume Formats Resume Sections Additional Documentation Miscellaneous Tips Miscellaneous Tilts Sample Resumes On-line Resources

What is a Resume?

A marketing tool Your first tool for building a career The first impression a prospective employer has of you A selling tool that allows you to highlight to an employer how you

can contribute to the company Request for an interview

Purpose of the resume is to get you an interview Must capture the reader’s interest and attention Must convince the employer that you have the ability to fill their

position Your “big picture”

A snapshot of what you believe are your most important experiences and qualifications

Types of Resumes

A Paper/PDF Resume A printed resume for use at job fairs, conferences, … Should be clean, concise, professional, and pleasing to the eye Use bullets, bolding, and indentation Take this resume with you on job interviews, career breakfasts, …

An Electronic Resume A plain text resume for on-line submission Typically must conform to employer specifications Use left-justified and space indented formatting If desired, use “+”, “*”, and “0” to represent bullets

An HTML Resume Typically includes links to homepage, images, … Avoid this type of resume Most people don’t want an employer walking around in their homepage

Resume Formats - Chronological Highlight your

work experience in reverse chronological order

Be sure to not leave gaps

The most widely used format for working professionals

Resume Formats - Functional Highlight specific

skills for which the market has high demand

Seldom used by new graduates

Frequently used to change jobs or careers

Resume Formats - Combinational Highlight specific

work experience Highlight marketable

skills Use reverse

chronological order The best resume style

for most college students

I would prefer bullets

The Silver Bullet

What Is Your “Story”? What slant can you take on your resume? Do you want to emphasize internship experience? Do you want to emphasize work experience? Do you want to emphasize course work? Do you want to emphasize project experience? Do you want to emphasize research experience? Do you want to emphasize personal traits?

What is unique or interesting about your college experience? My Recommendation

If you have an interesting internship – emphasize it – if not get one! Most SBA graduates have interesting project/work experience Build on your liberal arts education!!! Demonstrate leadership, communication, depth

Standard Resume Sections

Header Objective Education Honors/Activities Work Experience Relevant Courses Skills Projects

Move toward bottom

I prefer other order

The Header Section

The first line should be your name Larger than the largest font used in body Avoid using decorative fonts Don’t use black or gray shaded backgrounds Exclude titles Mr., Mrs., Ms., …

Include contact address Permanent address Current address

Include your email address Use email from “yahoo, gmail” Don’t use “BIGBOY@HOTTY.COM”

Include your phone number Change the message machine to be appropriate

The Objective Section

Considered optional but I strongly suggest including it

Make statement clear, concise, and to the point Bad: “I want to get a job” Weak: “To get a job in the automotive industry.” Good: “To get a job working in sales and marketing in a company

in the automotive industry .” Avoid being overly specific to single company

“To attain a position at 3M Pharmaceuticals working on …” I prefer objectives from the company’s perspective

“To acquire a human resource development position where knowledge and experience working with a soft drinks manufacturing firm will be of prime importance. “

The Honors/Activities Section

Should only contain honors and awards earned during your time in college

You can include academic or extracurricular items I prefer only academic or service-related items

Include a brief description if not self-evident from title “Award given to top performer on the capstone exam”

Don’t include hobbies or activities not related to the job or your story Good to include leadership positions in related organizations Good to list membership in related organizations

Don’t include volunteer work unless there is a direct and positive link with the job or your story

This section should scream “I am a leader”

The Work Experience Section

Dedicated to most recent and relevant employment Format

Employer and location on the first line Don’t need name of supervisor, complete address, or contact information

Position and time-span on the second line Use only year, not month and year (avoids time gaps)

Each position should have at least two bullets Explain role and contributions Don’t emphasize duties but rather emphasize outcomes

“Increased efficiency of … by 20%” “Improved user navigation experience on …”

Descriptions should be consistent in wording Watch the tense

Current job uses present tense Former jobs use past tense

Employers wantproblem solvers

The Relevant Courses Section

The keyword is relevant courses Don’t include Fundamentals of Management. Don’t include Fundamentals of Accounting or Basic Math Focus on courses the are either unique or would normally be

considered elective Total Quality Management Management Information System Corporate Planning/Business Policy Governmental Accounting Project Management Management Accounting

Employers will assume you have had the rest

The Skills Section

This is where you emphasize your technical skills Fluency in foreign languages

Put in order of familiarity

Knowledge of computer applications Put in order of familiarity Can use “Exposure to:” as the only modifier if you wish

Other special skills Should have a direct relationship to the position you are applying for.

The Projects Section

Used correctly, this section can set you apart from other new graduates Most new grads don’t get the opportunity to use this section

Show any lengthy, impressive, or relevant projects to which you have made real contribution

Each project should have at least two bullets (focus on outcomes)“Market Basket Analysis System

Designed and implemented a Java application for predicting future purchases based on a probabilistic analysis of past purchase records

Deployed system as a web service using XML and SOAP and an Oracle database on the backend

Used synchronized threads to increase overall throughput of the system to handle up to 50 client requests per second”

Supporting Documentation – Cover Letter (1)

Why do I need to write a cover letter? Use the cover letter to focus attention on elements of your

background that are particularly relevant to the company Letter acts as your verbal introduction to the employer

Send it to a person, not a place Avoid “To Whom It May Concern,” Worst case “Dear Recruiter:”

First sentence should tell why you are writing “I am writing in regard to your posting listed on …” “Dr. Wagner at UW – Eau Claire suggested that I …” “As you may recall, I spoke with you briefly at …” If unsolicited, indicate why you are interested in the company

Supporting Documentation – Cover Letter (2)

Highlight your skills Use two to three paragraphs to given in-depth description of your

selling points Each paragraph should be stand alone (could be moved to

different location in text) Close with a promise of action

If possible, indicating that you will be contacting them in the near future to set up a mutually acceptable meeting time or to further discuss your qualifications

Nice if you can say “during my Winter Break, between December 28 and January 12, I will be in your Minneapolis. I will contact your office when I arrive to arrange a possible meeting time”

Supporting Documentation – Cover Letter (3)

Supporting Documentation – References

Prepare a separate reference sheet Use same paper as the resume itself Bring reference sheet (and resume) with you to any interviews, job

fairs, career breakfasts, … Do not mail reference sheet with resume and cover letter

Reference sheet is a stand-alone document Should include your Header from the resume Try to arrange contact information in pleasing fashion

Use professional references only Pick individuals that think highly of you Pick individuals that are familiar with your work

Always ask your references before using their names Be prepared to give supporting materials – courses, projects, … Ask again if it has been a while

Scannable Resumes

Most large employers will scan your resume into a central database

Tips to assist the scanning process Don’t use italics, underlining, or graphics Use bold only for headers Use “scanner-friendly” fonts (Serif or Sans Serif fonts)

Times New Roman, Courier, Helvetica, or Arial are good examples Font sizes of between 9 and 12

Use black ink on white background

Tips on Delivery of Your Resume

Posting Online “rules” are still emerging Common mistake – formatting that doesn’t make the trip

Convert to text only Use PDF if allowed Proofread carefully after conversion

If they ask about salary, leave it empty If they force salary, be honest but don’t shoot for the moon

Emailing your resume Attach resume as a PDF document (or Word document)

75 – 80% of companies are running Windows Also include text version in the email message

Attachments can get dropped or filtered Test before deploy

Send to at least three friends, ask them to print it and send it back to you

Miscellaneous Tips (1)

Use action words in your descriptions

Miscellaneous Tips (2)

Act like a professional Avoid cutesy or inappropriate graphics, images, formats, …

One page only You are a fresh graduate, don’t assume that the one-page rule

doesn’t apply to you! Stick to the truth

Don’t sprinkle buzzwords in that you really don’t understand It speaks volumes about your character when you can’t explain

your own resume Focus on achievements and results

Laundry lists of duties are not impressive

Miscellaneous Tips (3)

Use easy-to-read language Winston Churchill - “Use short, old words.”

Get the words and punctuation correct Errors and “broken English” are the kiss of death

Follow the instructions If the company asks for specific information, then give it to them

Follow up If you said you would call, then call

Maintain a consistent writing style Avoid “To apply …” then “Applying …”

Avoid the use of “I” or “my”

Miscellaneous Tilts (1)

USE ALL CAPITAL LETTERS Much harder to read

Avoidwhitespace Use white space (not borders) to break sections apart

Include a picture of yourself You’re not THAT good looking!

Use several fonts to catch their attention Creates a “ransom note” effect

Print your resume on “day glow” paper Be professional

Illogical Order Use Resume is a story – put most interesting parts at the beginning

Print your resume on “day glow” paper

Miscellaneous Tilts (2)

Focus on you and your needs Employers have better things to do than hear about you They want to know “what can you do for me”

Use templates to construct your resume Give cookie-cutter look Lacks flexibility to your “silver bullet”

Use superlatives to emphasis your work Great performance as … Stick to the facts and figures – not an evaluation of yourself

Use long flowing sentences Short and to the point Sentence fragments are fine if they are understandable – BUT

NOT IN THE COVER LETTER!!!!!

Don’t Make These Famous Mistakes

“Education: Curses in liberal arts, curses in computer science, curses in accounting”

“Personal: Married, 1992 Chevrolet”

“Proven ability to track down and correct erors.”

“Disposed of $2.5 billion in assets”

“Accomplishments: Oversight of entire department”

Cover Letter: “Thank you for your consideration. I hope to hear from you shorty!”

Good Examples (1)

Good Examples (2)

Bad Examples (1)

Bad Examples (2)

On-Line Resources

www.collegerecruiter.com www.developercareers.com www.writinglettersandresumes.com www.professional-resumes.com www.1stresumes.com www.a1resumes.net

www.10minuteresume.com www.crsresume.com www.resumeservice.com

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