WOVOdat: preeruption data for GVM
Transcript of WOVOdat: preeruption data for GVM
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WOVOdat: preeruption data for GVM
Chris Newhall
Antonius Ratdomopurbo
Christina Widiwijayanti
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WOVOdat: What is it?
• A modern, searchable, web-accessible database of volcanic unrest (seismic, deformation, gas, etc), analogous to epidemiological databases
• Linked to the Smithsonian database of historical eruptions (outcomes)
• For READY REFERENCE, COMPARISONS and STATISTICAL ANALYSES of unrest, and its past and future outcomes.
• A reference library at your fingertips!
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Principal data sources
–Volcano observatories (all parameters)
–Regional and global observing networks, e.g., IRIS UNAVCO, satellite data (thermal, SO2 & CO2 gas; InSAR, etc)
– Individual researchers (gas, InSAR, other)
–Published data (tables and digitized graphs, especially for old episodes of unrest)
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General contents of WOVOdat
• Background info re: each volcano and its quiet state, including DEM and metadata re: monitoring nets
• Temporal changes in seismicity, ground deformation, gas emission, groundwater pore pressures, and other parameters
• Spatial details, e.g., earthquake hypocenters, strain vectors and maps, SAR interferograms, etc.
• “Spectral” details, e.g., earthquake spectra, ratios of various gas species
• Indicators of data quality, Notes, References
• Tools for searches, visualization, and data analysis.
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Data are:
• Historical (most, ≥2 years old) (moving 2 yr window)
• Geospatially-referenced, time-stamped
• In common (standardized) formats
• “Reduced,” for purposes of searching many episodes of unrest. (e.g., eq. hypocenters, GPS positions and deformation vectors, gas fluxes)
• Digital, to allow replotting, overlays, analysis
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E.O.S
VOLCANO
Common or shared: •Bibliographic •Contact Info. •Registry •Permissions etc.
Background Information,
e.g., tectonic
setting, rock types
Eruptions, including phases (from Smithsonian GVP)
DATA: •Event •Intensity •Tremor •Swarm •RSAM/SSAM
DATA: •Tiltmeter •Strainmeter •EDM •GPS •Leveling •InSAR
DATA: •Fumarolic gas •Soil Efflux •Plume
DATA: • Level, disch’g • Chem, T
DATA: •Magnetic •Electric •Gravity
DATA: •Grd. based -Satell based
SEISMIC DEFORMATION GAS HYDROLOGIC POTENTIAL
FIELDS THERMAL
Network Info
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WOVOdat: Why? Forecasting, research, and education
• For quick reference during volcanic crises, e.g., XYZ analogues and outcomes
• As empirical basis for probabilistic forecasts • To understand puzzling unrest, and how
volcanoes prepare to erupt • For ready comparisons of unrest, from one
episode or volcano to the next • To discover as-yet-unknown patterns of unrest • As data for numerical “eruption simulator”
• Educational use – interesting data for teaching
basic scientific skills
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Mayon, Philippines, and other open-vent volcanoes
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(Dav
e H
arlo
w)
Pinatubo and other plugged volcanoes, with special concern re: potential plinian events
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Calderas, like Long Valley and many others – imperfect buffers of new intrusions
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An example of one specific type of unrest: Distal VT earthquakes (dVT’s) e.g. NW of Pinatubo, ‘1991
• Magma intruding there? If yes, mafic bypass?
• Or, marking outer limit of silicic reservoir?
• Regional strike-slip activity?
• Lubrication of fault by pressurization of geothermal system?
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Aha! Lots of other examples of DVT’s (earthquakes offset from cone...)
• Including:
• Montserrat, 1934-37, 1995-
• Tacana 1985-86
• Guagua Pichincha 1997-2001
• Commonalities:
– hydrothermal system
– throughgoing or nearby faults
– association with phreatic explosions
• Probable explanation:
– Pressurization of magma or hydrothermal system raises groundwater pore pressures along faults up to 25 km away
After Randy White, USGS
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WOVOdat is NOT for:
• Data of current unrest (not real-time)
• “Raw” or reduced data on single episodes of past unrest. For those, see URL’s pointing back to observatory and contact person(s)
• For research on single episodes or single volcanoes. Much better for non-observatory users to collaborate directly with Observatory staff!
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WOVOdat: Who’s working on it?
Dr Antonius Ratdomopurbo, Project Head Dr Christina
Widiwijayanti Geophysicist Chen Lidong,
Programmer
Nang Thin Zar Win Programmer
+ observatories that are volunteering help
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WOVOdat stakeholders
• Volcano observatories
• Other research scientists
• Civil Defense (for eruption forecasts and decisions re: immediate mitigation measures)
• Development planners, re-insurance companies (for probabilities of volcanic eruptions, project planning, budgets, etc.) (~GVM mission)
• Those who live and work in the shadow of volcanoes
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A few issues
• Data availability? So far, this is not a limiting factor
• Staffing? Large volume of data to seek out and convert
• When and how to open it? In stages?
• Long-term maintenance? (see next slide)
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Ensuring the future of WOVOdat
• WOVOdat currently hosted at NTU/EOS, Singapore.
• Current funding for WOVOdat development now at Year 3.5 of 5; need matching or alternative funds after Year 5.
• Advantage of staying at EOS – matching funds, good intellectual and work environment
• Difficulties of staying at EOS – impending staff moves, high cost-of-living, and ineligibility for development aid funding
• Regardless of location, we would like GVM to be both a user and a funder of WOVOdat
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Thanks!