WORLD WAR TWO STUDIES ASSOCIATION'v(0rmerly American Committee on the History o/the Second World War)

Recently Published and Reprinted Booksin English on World War n 27

Selected Titles from an Electronic Compilation by James Ehrman

Recently Published Articles in English on World War n 44Selected Titles from an Electronic Compilation by James Ehrman

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NEWSLETTERISSN 0885-5668

No. 69

Contents

World War Two Studies Association

General InfonnationThe NewsletterAnnual Membership Dues

News and NotesAnnual Business MeetingAppendix AAppendixBSeries Publication AnnOimcement

NSA Records in NARABy Leroy W. Gardner

International Archival Web Sites

Spring 2003

222

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the WWTSA's "eblile oa me t-1MI• the followiag addraI (URL):www.lcsu.edu/history/ln.tituttl/wwtu/

General Infonnation

Established in 1967 "to promote historical research in the period ofWorld War II in all itsaspects," the World War Two Studies Association, whose original name was the AmericanCommittee on the History of the Second World War, is a private organization supported by thedues and donations ofits members. It is affiliated with the American Historical Association, withthe International Committee for the History ofthe Second World War, and with correspondingnational committees in other countries, including Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, the CzechRepublic, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand,Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Singapore, Slovenia, the United Kingdom, and the Vatican.

The Newsletter

The wwrSA issues a semiannual newsletter, which is assigned International Standard SerialNumber [ISSN] 0885-5668 by the Library ofCongress. Back issues ofthe Newsletter areavailable from Robin Higham, wwrSA Archivist, through Sunflower University Press, 1531Yuma (or Box 1009), Manhattan, KS 66502-4228..

Please send infonnation for the Newsletter to:

Ann

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Mark ParilloDepartment ofHistoryKansas State UniversityEisenhower HallManhattan, KS 66506-1002

Tel.: (785) 532-0374Fax: (785) 532-7004E-mail: paril/o@lcsu. edu

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Annual Membenbip Dues

Membership is open to all who are interested in the era ofthe Second World War. Annualmembership dues ofSI5.00 are payable at the beginning ofeach calendar year. Students with U.S.addresses may, iftheir circumstances require it, pay annual dues ofS5.oo for up to six years.There is no surcharge for members abroad, but it is requested that dues be remitted directly to thesecretary ofthe WWTSA (not through an agency or subscription service) in U.S. dollars. TheNewsletter, which is mailed at bulk rates within the United States, will be sent by surface mail toforeign addresses unless special arrangements are made to cover the cost ofairmail postage.

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News & Notes

Annual WWTSA Business Meeting

The annual business meeting of the World War Two Studies Association convened at 8 a.m. onFriday, May 2nd, at the downtown Knoxville Hilton in Knoxville, Tennessee. Donald S.Detwiler, association chairman, reported on the status of the World War Two StudiesAssociation's relations with the International Committee for the History of the Second WorldWar. His report is presented in full as Appendix A below. The report includes reference to theICHSWW statement of proposal for a round table discussion at the XXth International Congressof Historical Sciences, to convene in Sydney, Australia in 2005, which is included below asAppendix B.

There was considerable discussion among those present of the situation and possible courses ofaction for the WWTSA to pursue in regards to the matter. The issue of the association'saffiliations with other organizations was also discussed as part ofthe overall situation and theassociation's standing. Ultimately the consensus ofopinion was that not much could or should bedone at the present time, though avenues of communication will be kept open. The hope wasexpressed that future leadership of the ICHSWW will be more amenable to reaffirmation of thegoals and procedures of the international committee, as expressed in their Web site andestablished by the preceding decades ofoperation.

Mark Parillo, WWTSA Secretary-Treasurer, next reported on the fmancial status of theassociation. He reported that rising printing and mailing costs had led to a switch in printingservices in 2002 for the newsletter and that some of the association's reserve funds, on deposit inan account set up several years ago under the aegis of the Kansas State University Foundation,had been drawn upon to cover the higher costs. However, the switch to a new printing andmailing services, first used for the Fall 2002 issue of the newsletter, has reduced expenses towithin the revenue from dues payments, and the association remains solvent. Accordingly, thereshould be no need to consider any dues payment increases in the foreseeable future.

Next, the secretary announced that the association will be sponsoring a scholarly panel at thenext annual meeting of the American Historical Association, to be held in Washington, D.C., inJanuary 2004. The panel, titled "Military History and the Field of History," has been approvedby the AHA Program Committee and will accordingly be an officially sponsored AHA panel aswell. The format will be a roundtable discussion following opening remarks by the panelmembers. The panel members are Dr. Lori Bogle of the Naval Academy, Dean Dale Clifford ofthe University of North Florida, Dr. Michael Ramsay of Kansas State University, Dr. JohnGuilmartin ofThe Ohio State University, and Dr. Patrice Olsen of Illinois State University.

The secretary also announced that the recently established Institute for the Military History andTwentieth Century Studies at Kansas State University will continue to provide some support forthe World War Two Studies Association in the form of a technically trained graduate assistantwhose responsibilities will include updating and managing the association's Web site.

4 - Spring 2003

Next the secretary proposed a motion to discuss changing the meeting venue for the annualbusiness meeting to the site of the annual meeting of the Society for Military History, since it hasmet in conjunction with the SMH meeting for the last two years. In the ensuing discussion, somemembers expressed reservations about the potential difficulties of meeting with the SMH, whichoften meets late in the spring semester of the academic year, and there was general reluctance toabandon the idea of meeting at the site of the annual American Historical Association meeting.The motion was tabled after the discussion. It was resolved, however, that next year's businessmeeting would be held in conjunction with the SMH once again because, since the meeting willbe in late May in Bethesda, Maryland, on this occasion it may well be more convenient for manyWWTSA members to attend.

With no additional business raised from the floor, the meeting adjourned at 9: 10 a.m. Details ofnext year's meeting will be made available in the fall newsletter.

Appendix A

Report on the ICHSWW for the WWTSA Annual Meeting, Friday, 2 May 2003, in Knoxville,Tennessee

At the World War Two Studies Association's annual business meeting on Saturday, 6 April2002, in Madison, Wisconsin, I made a statement, noted in the Fall 2002 newsletter, "on recentdevelopments with the International Committee for the History of the Second World War." I saidthat since the ICHSWW's quinquennial meeting in Oslo in 2000, the president, the generalsecretary, and the treasurer had failed to include in the deliberations of the Executive Committeetwo of its statutory members, specifically, two vice presidents initially elected in 1990, thepresident of the Russian Association of World War II Historians, Prof. Oleg A. Rzheshevsky,and the chairman of the WWTSA. Our protests were brushed aside. As things stood in spring2002, I reported, "the American, British, Russian, and Canadian committees ... are withholdingannual dues while still maintaining nominal affiliation with the international group."

During the year since then, there has unfortunately been no change for the better. A During theyear since then, there has unfortunately been no change for the better. A matter of particularconcern is the decision to organize a program on "Norms of legitimate warfare in history" for thequinquennial meeting of the ICHSWW to be held in Sydney, Australia, concurrently with theInternational Historical Congress in 2005. As spelled out in the attached announcement from theICHSWW website (3rd revision, 5/02/02, copied on 15 April 2003), the three principal officersof the International Committee "propose to organise a round table in Sydney on this theme, foran exchange between historians of antiquity, the middle ages, the modem period (wars ofreligion), the revolutionary period and the nineteenth century (napoleonic wars, for example),world war I & II, colonial wars and historians of terrorism." On 26 June 2002, Prof.Rzheshevsky wrote to the President of the ICHSWW, Prof. Gerhard Hirschfeld, Stuttgart,proposing an autumn 2002 "meeting of the officers of the ICHSWW, including the vicepresidents, as statutory members of the Executive Committee, to discuss the concept for Sydney,which we think needs serious reconsideration, and to consider other matters as well. The exacttime and place of the meeting can be agreed later. The Russian Association is ready to meet allparticipants in Moscow." In his response of3 July 2002, ofwhich I was sent a copy fromStuttgart, Prof. Hirschfeld wrote that "regarding our proposal for Sydney 2005 'Norms of

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legitimate warfare in history' we have received encouraging news from the InternationalHistorical Association that our proposal will be turned into one of the 'Grandes Themes' of theinternational congress." As to the proposal for a meeting of the Executive Committee, includingthe two vice presidents as statutory members, he wrote: "At least for the time being, I feel thatsuch a meeting at the moment would not carry enough substance and does lead us nowhere. Andbesides, should it not be the President who calls a meeting when he considers it necessary?"

From its establishment over a generation ago until the meeting in Oslo in 2000, the From m itsestablishment over a generation ago until the meeting in Oslo in 2000, the International Com-mittee for the History of the Second World War served as a collaborative clearing-houseproviding, at its quinquennial conferences, a forum for national committees of historians of thewar to present their findings, share information on archival resources, and discuss problems ofresearch and interpretation on the global conflict that shaped the world of the second half of thetwentieth century. With new perspectives and newly available archival resources, the need forwell-focused collaboration is as great as it ever has been in the past. The chosen theme for the2005 conference of the ICHSWW is, to be sure, intrinsically very interesting, but it does notfocus on the ICHSWW's mandate "to promote historical research on the period of the SecondWorld War in all its aspects" (as spelled out on the International Committee's website,http://www.ihtp.cnrsfrlcih2gm/cih2gm.html). Nor will the proposed round table provide thetraditional forum for historians of World War II from national member committees.

Considering the direction in which the ICHSWW is being led, without consultation ofConsidering the direction in which the ICHSWW is being led, without consultation of statutorymembers of its Executive Committee, there is no reason for the WWTSA to change its stance ofmaintaining nominal affiliation while withholding annual dues--which I understand arecontinuing to be withheld by the British, Canadian, and Russian committees as well.

Donald S. DetwilerChairman, WWTSA

Attachment as stated [Appendix B]

Appendix 8

Derniere revision.: 5/02/02DECEMBER 2001

International Committee for the History of the Second World WarPreparation of the XXth International Congress of Historical Sciences (Sydney 2005)

proposal for a round table:Norms of legitimate warfare in history

Throughout history, warfare has always been a highly codified exercise of violence. In pre-1, modern societies, war was part of elaborate rituals and the warrior belonged to a distinctI category of society. As such, war was a very specific kind of interpersonal violence, betweeni recognized entities - tribes, kingdoms, nations - and subject to a code of honor, regUlating the

opening and closing of hostilities, lawful and unlawful acts of violence and ways of killing, thetreatment of the corpses of killed enemies and of prisoners, norms as to whom was recognizedas an adversary and who was not. The latter implied that certain categories - children, the

6 - Spring 2003

elderly, women, slaves - were not part of the acts of war, even though they could be consideredas spoils of war. Yet, it also implied that codes of honorable warfare only extended to enemiesrecognized as equals and not, or not in the same form, to «barbarians». The modern era, withthe levee en masse, massified warfare, but at the same time, this transformation wasaccompanied by an international effort to codify legitimate forms of warfare, to protect civilianpopulations, to come to the aid of wounded soldiers, to monitor prisoners of war etc., with theInternational Red Cross and the various international conventions, such as the The HagueConvention of 1907 as its most visible outcome. The advent of total war in the twentieth centuryradically challenged these nineteenth century efforts to «civilize» warfare. Still, norms ofhonorable warfare remain crucial to understand the First and Second world wars. The use ofcombat gas or nuclear bombs triggered fundamental debates and each established newinterdictions. The treatment of civilians - from aerial bombing to the execution of hostages inretaliation - ; the mobilization of civilians outside the context of regular combat - «partisans» or"bandits» -; the treatment of prisoners of war - from the mass executions of Soviet POWs to theliberation on parole of Dutch officers -, show that «total war» did not remove all norms oflegitimate violence and that the boundaries of honorable combat, applying to adversariesrecognized as such and the boundless violence unleashed at the «barbarians» are still at theheart of modern warfare. Continued efforts after 1945 to reinforce the protection underinternational law of resistance forces coincided with the wars of decolonisation, where theoccupier denied waging a war, claiming only to pursue police operations against criminals. Inthe second half of the twentieth century, terrorism is at the heart of shifting notions of what waris. On the one hand, there is no mutual recognition of both camps as legitimate adversaries. Inthe case of movements claiming statehood, their claim is ignored by the «occupying» nation: nonation, no declaration of war, no army and no war. In other cases, warfare is privatised, nolonger the monopoly of the state. On the other hand, terrorists, for reasons independent of thetechnological evolution, but precisely pertaining to the transgression of notions of legitimate actsof collective violence, are increasingly capable of acts that cannot be qualified, by their nature,by their target and by their scale, as criminal acts, but only as acts of war. Where such acts areperpetrated by groups who do not claim statehood, nor even claim the authorship, the verynotion of war is put into question.At the beginning of the third millennium, historians should question the notion of war, and whathas made adversaries parties at war, rather than combating barbarians, or criminality. If historyhas anything to contribute to the understanding of today's world, it should reflect on the presentmeaning of a concept that has been a keyword of historical analysis for the past three millennia.We propose to organise a round table in Sydney on this theme, for an exchange betweenhistorians of antiquity, the middle ages, the modern period (wars of religion), the revolutionaryperiod and the nineteenth century (napoleonic wars, for example), world war I & II, colonial warsand historians of terrorism.

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A New Study of the World Wars' its pi:the IT

In late 2002, Moscow's Nauka Publishers released the four-volume Mirovye voiny XX veka Impa(World Wars ofthe Twentieth Century). The first and third volumes are historical outlines; thesecond and fourth contain documents and source materials. Volu

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I This publication announcement has been provided with the compliments of Dr. a.A. Rzheshevsky of the Russian NaticAcademy of Sciences' Institute.

-- - --------------------------

Spring 2003 - 7

This new edition was prepared under the auspices of the Russian Academy of Sciences' Instituteof World History, with the participation of the Associations of Historians of the First and of theSecond World War. Under the general coordination ofO. A. Rzheshevsky, the authors andeditorial board members included widely renowned Russian military and diplomatic historiansA. O. Chubarian, M. A. Gareev, A. A. Koshkin, Iu. V. Kudrina, V. L. Mal'kov, A. S. Orlov, Iu.A. Poliakov, L. V. Pozdeeva, V. P. Smirnov, S. V. Tiutiukin, V. P. Zimonin, and V. A.Zolotarev, as well as many others.

This new study was driven by the discovery and declassification of a flood of new documentsfrom both Russian and non-Russian archives, requiring a deeper study of world armed conflicts.Its authors worked from the principle of fidelity to their source materials, basing theirinvestigation on a close analysis of a wide variety of available documents and source materials inorder to create an objective picture of this dramatic period in human history.

In addressing this task, the authors address the key problems of world armed conflicts in thetwentieth-century and their lessons froma contemporary vantage point. They were driven in partby-the unfortunate reliance of many students on non-professional and eyen tendentious sources.

Volume 1 (academic advisor V. L. Mal'kov, editor G. D. Shkundin) explores the genesis of theFirst World War, the pre-war diplomatic crisis, the major military operations, and internationalrelations during the war. In addition, it examines socio-political and economic changes in thecountries of the Entente and the Quadruple Alliance as well as issues of war and peace in publicopinion and culture. A special chapter links the Russian Revolution of 1917 to the war. Thevolume concludes with the outcome of the war and its aftermath.

Volume 2 (academic advisor B. M. Tupolev, editor V. K. Shatsillo, compiler A. P. Zhilin)assembles documents, excerpts from the memoirs of state and military leaders, and statisticaldata, providing comprehensive coverage of the origins, cause, and outcomes ofthe First WorldWar when combined with the historical essays in the first volume.

Many documents appear in Russian for the first time, including sources on the relations betweenthe members of the Triple Alliance in 1915 and 1916 and their efforts to draw Bulgaria into thewar.

The third and fourth volumes are devoted to the history of the Second World War.

Volume 3 (academic advisor L. V. Pozdeeva, editor E. N. Kul'kov) takes up the onset, course,and results of the world conflict from 1939 to 1945. The authors trace the formation of the Axis,its plans for redrawing the map of the world and transforming its economic and political order,the major phases of armed conflict, the diplomacy of the coalition against the Axis, and theimpact of the war on economics and culture in those states caught up in it.

Volume 4 (editor M. Iu. Miagkov, compiler Iu. A. Nikiforov) presents a great number ofpreviously unpublished sources from Russian and non-Russian archives. In addition to the U.S.National Archives and the British Public Record Office, the documents are drawn from the

8 - Spring 2003

Russian State Military Archive (holding material up to 1941) and the Central Archives of theMinistry of Defense of the Russian Federation (holding materials from 1941 on). These arecomplemented by memoir excerpts from both military leaders and rank-and-file soldiers.Especially noteworthy are the verbatim reports of the USSR's 4 June 1941 Chief MilitaryCouncil and the 18 June 1941 orders of the Soviet People's Commissar for Defense, containingpreviously-unknown discussions of the danger of a German attack on the USSR.

Mirovye voiny XX veka contains 3200 pages in four volumes, illustrated with maps,reproductions, and photographs. Each volume is fully indexed and contains a selectedbibliography and brief English summary.

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Records of the National Security Agencyin the

National Archives of the United States

By Leroy W. Gardner l

(NARA Volunteer Staff Assistantf

How did the United States become engaged in communications intelligence?

Communications intelligence (COMINT), as a tool of American strategic intelligence, actuallyhad its beginnings during World War I (WWI). It was found that, in time of war, radio messagessent by an enemy or potential enemy using Morse code and later also using radio teletype(teleprinter) could be received (intercepted) by any entity in addition to the intended recipient.An enciphered message text could be analyzed and manipulated using proven cryptanalytictechniques, until at last the enciphered text could be re-converted into plain language (calledplaint~xt). This plaintext quite frequently yielded valuable intelligence information about thecurrent operations or future plans of an enemy. Later, the term was changed to signalsintelligence (SIGINT), after it was discovered that radar signals could also be intercepted andexploited for intelligence purposes.

In about 1918, Herbert O. Yardley, who later became well known as the author of The AmericanBlack Chamber, was assigned as the officer in charge of the Cipher Bureau (MI-8). Thisorganization, within the War Department, Military Intelligence Division, was formed as acryptologic section of military intelligence in WWI.2 It began.to perform analysis on Japanesediplomatic code and cipher messages (as well as those of other countries) in an effort to obtainintelligence, which was used to assist American diplomats in forming policy decisions. BecauseSecretary of State Henry L. Stimson disapproved of Yardley's Black Chamber organization, allState Department funds for its operation were withdrawn, and the unit was disbanded, in October1929.

In May 1929, the Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) was formed by the U.A. Army Chief SignalOfficer. William F. Friedman, the famous cryptanalyst, who could be called the "father ofAmerican cryptanalysis," headed this agency. His organization worked, inter alia, on Japanesediplomatic and military codes, and it was under his tutelage that the Japanese "Purple"diplomatic cipher was broken and its messages read during WWII. In July 1943, the SIS, afterundergoing several name changes, became the Signal Security Agency (SSA), and it was duringthe WWII life of this agency that most of the U.S. Army codebreaking was accomplished.

I With thanks to Dr. Larry McDonald, Senior Archivist, NARA, and Robert 1. Hanyok, Senior Historian, NSA.

• A native of Minnesota, Mr. Gardner was born 21 Sept 1929. He attended school in Minnesota and Illinois. Heobtained his higher education at the University of Minnesota (BA, MA). After a tour of duty with the United StatesArmy, in the Army Security Agency, he took up his career with the United States Government, National SecurityAgency. He retired in 1988. Since 1997, he has been a volunteer staff assistant with the National Archives at itsfacility in College Park, Maryland. He has worked extensively with records of the ass and NSA.

2 David Kahn, The Codebreakers: The Story ofSecret Writing (New York: Macmillan Company, 1967), p. 8.

10 - Spring 2003

aserThe U.S. Navy operated a codebreaking unit as well. Called OP-20-G, it employed highly WWcompetent codebreakers, who solved the Japanese General Purpose Naval Code, referred to as manlIN-25, in addition to qozens of other Japanese Naval cryptosystems. Records of OP-20-G, the copi~equivalent to the Anny SIS, may be found in the National Archives (NA) Record Group 38, woulRecords of the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations. just \

ongllHow did the National Security Agency (NSA) originate? Cryp

As a result of the Pearl Harbor investigation, the U.S. Congress recommended that there be a Howcomplete integration of Anny and Navy intelligence agencies. 3 It was from this beginning thatthe Anned Forces Security Agency (AFSA) was established, in 1949, under direction ofthe The fDepartment of Defense. As its duties grew and expanded, the need arose for an agency that findilwould include not only the code- and cipher-related duties of the Defense Department, but the infonState and other Departments as well. It was out of this realization that, in 1952, President Harry desigS. Truman established, by presidential directive, the National Security Agency (NSA), within but numtnot a part or the Department of Defense. recor,

and cHow did the U.S. National Archives (NA) obtain the NSA historical records?

Over the years from WWI through the end of WWII, NSA accumulated a large quantity ofanalytic material and other supporting documents. These documents, all of major historicalvalue, were stored in a somewhat haphazard manner, under less than optimum conditions forpreservation, in warehouses, guarded by U.S. military personnel. It was necessary to dosomething with this accumulation that would assure its protection and preservation for years tocome.

The decision by NSA to declassify WWII records was primarily an internal decision, reached byNSA senior staff personnel. It was made in the 1970s, during the directorship of Admiral BobbyRay Inman, that plans began to be made to release the documents. There were two compellingreasons that influenced this decision. The first reason was the existence of Federal Regulation,Title 32, National Defense, Sections 158.1 to 158.10. These paragraphs covered a 30-yearmandatory declassification review. In 1975, the 30-year rule came into effect for all WWIrrecords held by NSA. Thus the law required that NSA release 30-year old records or show causewhy specific series of such records must continue to be withheld.

The second reason was the growing clamor in the public arena for release of the records. Therewas some pressure caused by the publication ofF. W. Winterbotham's The Ultra Secret. s NSAhad also received a number of Freedom ofInformation Act (FOrA) requests for WWII materials.The actual decision to release was probably made in 1977. In the summer of that year, there was

3 Ibid, p. 674.

4 Ibid.

5 New York: Harper & Row Publishers, Inc., 1974.

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Spring 2003 - 11

a series of discussions between NSA and NA. These discussions concerned the offer of certainWWII records from the NSA predecessor organizations. The discussions took place over severalmonths, but ran into difficulties over the offer from NSA, which had planned to release onlycopies of the original records. Furthermore, the copies were to be redacted (certain portionswould be deleted or blacked out). Finally, there was no definitive word from NSA concerningjust when the original documents might be declassified.6 It was not until about 1995 when theoriginals of many of the redacted series were finally released. These are contained in the HistoricCryptographic Collection (Entry 9032) described below.

How many are there, and what information is contained in them?

The following summaries, taken, for the most part, directly from NA accession dossiers andfinding aids, will give the major records series transferred to the NA by NSA in an effort toinform the reader of the historical value of the material contained therein. The NA record groupdesignator for the records ofNSA and its predecessor agencies is Record Group 457. Thenumber at the left is an "entry" number, assigned by NA, which identifies each category ofrecords. The letters codes (SR, SRA, etc.) were assigned by NSA as the records were assembledand copied for transfer to NA.

Entry 9005SRIndividual translations of intercepted Japanese Army messages, 1942-45Contains over 136,800 translations in 168 boxes.Description: The intercepted messages originated in both the Japanese home islands andoccupied locations throughout the Asian and Pacific areas. The translations contain informationon Japanese strategy, tactics, operational planning, organization, logistics, weapons andequipment, fortifications, air defense, intelligence operations, unit strength and location, troopmovements, naval and merchant marine losses, casualties and the results of air-sea battles.Additionally, there are many personal names of Japanese military personnel. Note: The SRtranslations are NOT filed in date of order. Therefore, following a specific battle or militaryunit's activities may prove difficult. Warning: Some words or sentences may be redacted.

Entry 9004SRAIndividual translations of intercepted Japanese Army attache messages, 1943-45Contains over 18,500 translations in 24 boxes.Description: These intercepted messages originated primarily from Japanese Army Attaches inBerlin, Rome, Lisbon, Madrid, Stockholm, Helsinki, Budapest, Tangier, Buenos Aires, Hsinking(Manchukuo) and other locations. Some messages from Tokyo to the Attaches, including weeklyintelligence summaries, are also in this series. The translations contain information on bothAllied and Axis strategy, tactics, operational planning, organization, logistics, weapons andequipment, fortifications, air defense, unit strength and location, and troop movements. Alsoincluded is information on military operations, United States aircraft production, PresidentFranklin D. Roosevelt's planned trips and Japanese radio communications security. Information

b E-mail from Robert 1. Hanyok, Senior Historian, NSA, 16 July 2002.

12 - Spring 2003

gleaned by the Attaches on important personalities of the day, military preparations of hostcountries, political developments and advances in military and civil industries are also addressed.Note: The SRA translations are NOT filed in date order. Warning: Some words or sentences maybe redacted. A major indexing project has been nearly completed on this series, allowing theresearcher complete and quick access to the historical value of the Attache messages.Author Rear Admiral Edwin T. Layton, U.S.N. (Ret.), with Captain Roger Pineau,

U.S.N.R. (Ret.), and John Costello referred to many SRA messages in "And I Was There": PearlHarbor and Midway - Breaking the Secrets. 7 Additional use was made of information from theSRH, SRDJ, SRN, SRNA, SRNM, and SRNS series.

Entry 9011SRDGIndividual translations of intercepted German diplomatic missions, 1940-42Contains over 30,300 translations in 40 boxes.Description: German diplomatic messages, mainly originating in Berlin, but including messagesfrom German Foreign Office posts abroad, are included. Subject matter includes German

.political, diplomatic and intelligence matters. Note: Messages are arra,nged chronologically bydate of translation (not by date of origin). Warning: Some words or sentences may be redacted.

Entry 9011SRDJIndividual translations of intercepted Japanese diplomatic messages, 1939-45Contains over 126,800 translations in 156 boxes.Description: This file contains Japanese diplomatic messages, originating at the Tokyo ForeignOffice, but also consisting ofmessages to and from diplomatic posts abroad. Subject matterpertains to Japanese and host country political developments, military developments andpreparations, diplomatic and intelligence matters. This series contains many of the so-called"PURPLE" code messages. Note: Messages are arranged chronologically by date of translation(not by date of origin). Warning: Some words or sentences may be redacted.

SRDJ material was used by James Rusbridger and Eric Nave in their book Betrayal at PearlHarbor: How Churchill Lured Roosevelt into World War 11. 8 The authors also made extensiveuse of SRH, SRMN, SRN and SRNA references.

Entry 9012SRFIndividual translations of Japanese Air Force messages, 1943-44Contains over 40,900 translations in 63 boxesDescription: The full or partial texts of intercepted and decoded Japanese Air Force radiomessages. Some pages are titled F Extracts - these consist of one-line extracts of messagesintercepted over a period of one or more months. The messages contain information on shippingschedules (arrivals, departures), personnel matters (unit assignments, strength reports,

7 New York: William Morrow and Company, 1985.

8 New York: Simon and Schuster, Inc., 1991.

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promotions, awards and decorations, casualty reports). VIP trip itineraries, aircraft conditionreports (losses, number of serviceable planes), and results of Allied bombing raids. Of particularinterest are messages consisting of Japanese observation reports on the tactics of Allied aircraftthat carried out bombing raids against Japanese targets. Note: Messages are not in fullchronological order. Warning: Some words or sentences may be redacted.

Entry 9017SRGLTranslations of intercepted Berlin(Tokyo radio messages between German Navy liaison personnel, 1942-45Contains over 2,960 translations in 4 boxes.Description: Translations of U.S. Navy intercepted radio messages between Berlin and Tokyo,exchanged by German Naval liaison personnel and their counterparts. The messages cover allmanner of subjects, such as blockade and U-boat operations, Allied and Axis political matters,logistics, personnel and other military matters relating to German-Japanese naval activities.Note: Messages are roughly in date order.

Entry 9019SRGNIndividual translations of German U-boat radio messages, 1941-45Contains over 49,600 translations in 67 boxes.Description: U.S. and British translations of intercepted radio signals of Gennan U-boats in theAtlantic. Messages relate to command and control of U-boat activities, showing the movementsof the submarines as directed by Gennan Central Command in Berlin. Included are selectedintelligence items originated by the British and passed to the U.S. Navy, pertaining to German U-boat operations, The U.S. material covers 2 Feb 1941-9 Ju11945, and the British material covers10 Aug 1944-6 May 1945. Note: Items are not necessarily filed chronologically.

Entry 9002SRHStudies on Cryptology, 1917-77Contains 415 studies in 68 boxes.Description: These studies contain infonnation on the development of cryptologic organization,equipment and methods. Some of the records relate to breaking of Gennan and Japanese codesby the United States and its Allies during WWII, as well as the use of information obtained fromintercepted messages. Other studies concern infonnation on specific equipment and methodsused for encoding and decoding. Warning: Some words or sentences may be redacted.

SRH reports have been used extensively in books. Edward J. Drea used SRH material in his bookMacArthur's Ultra: Codebreaking and the War Against Japan, 1942-1945.9 The author also usedmaterial from the SRMD, SRMN and SRS ("Magic" Far East Summaries). Additionally, CarlBoyd used SRH papers in his book Hitler's Japanese Confidant: General Oshima Hiroshi and

9 Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1992.

14 - Spring 2003

Magic Intelligence, 1941-1945. 10 Boyd also used material from the SRDJ, SRMA and SRMNgroupIngs.

Entry 9022SRIA, SRIB, SRIC, SRIDTranslations of messages of German intelligence/clandestine agents, 1942-45Contains over 13,100 messages in 16 boxes.Description: Translations of intercepted messages between Germany and clandestine agents orbetween agents in foreign countries during the period. The messages were originally interceptedby various units of the U.S. Army, Navy and Coast Guard. The SRIA series includes messagesbetween Germany and agents in Turkey, Portugal and Spain. The SRIB series deals with agentsin France, Portugal, Spain, northwest Africa and the Azores. The SRIC series covers agenttransmissions in South America, the United States and Iceland. The SRID series covers agentmessages from Canton and Shanghai, China. Warning: Some words or sentences may have beenredacted. Note: Messages are not necessarily in date order.

Entry 9023SRMAUnited States Army records relating to cryptology, 1927-85Contains 15 reports and studies in one box.Description: Prepared primarily by the U.S. Am1Y office of the Chief Signal Officer, thesepapers deal with subjects such as technical manuals for cryptographic devices, security ofintelligence information, and analyses of enemy intelligence activities and minutes of staffmeetings of intelligence officers. Warning: Some words or sentences have been redacted fromthe copied items. The originals are also included in the box.

Entry 9024SRMDIntelligence reports from U.S. Joint Services and other government agencies, 1941-45Contains hundreds of items in 13 boxes.Description: Copies of estimates and summaries of enemy merchant shipping, air powerdistribution, sea and harbor mining and troop strength during the period. These documents wereprepared mainly by the Joint Intelligence Center, Pacific Ocean Area (JICPOA). Also includedare code tables, JICPOA administrative correspondence, translations of many interceptedmessages between Mexican agents (1912-14), and a report on the Panay incident. Warning:Some words or sentences have been redacted in the copies. The original, unredacted documentsare also included in the boxes.

Entry 9025SRMFUnited States Army Air Force and Air Force records relating to intelligence activities, 1943-45Contains two reports in one box.Description: Copies of memoranda concerning enemy reaction to U.S. bombing missions duringthe period, from Headquarters, XXI Bomber Command.

10 Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas, 1993.

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Spring 2003 - 15

Entry 9020SRMNUnited States Navy records relating to cryptology, 1918~50Contains 84 studies in 19 boxes.Description: Studies include memoranda, messages, bulletins, studies and reports containinginformation on enemy naval activities derived from cryptanalysis. Warning: Some words orsentences have been redacted.

Entry 9014SRNIndividual translations of Japanese Naval messages, 1942~46Contains over 290,900 messages in 359 boxes.Description: Copies of translation reports of intercepted, decoded and translated Japanese Navalradio messages. These messages originated with the Japanese home islands, occupied locationsthroughout the Asian and Pacific areas, Japanese combined and area commands and commandersof Japanese Naval units. They contain information on Japanese strategy, tactics, operationalplanning, organization, logistics, weapons and equipment,. fortifications, air defense, naval andmerchant marine losses, strength and location of Japanese Naval units, casualties and the resultsof air~sea battles.~Theyalso contain information on the Allied forces and activities in the Pacific.Note: The messages are NOT necessarily filed in date order. Therefore, it may be difficult tofollow the progress of a sea battle or of a specific naval unit's activities. Waming: Some wordsor sentences have been redacted.

Entry 9013SRNAIndividual translations of Japanese Naval Attache messages, 1942-46Contains over 5,300 messages in 7 boxes.Description: Copies of translation reports of intercepted, decoded and translated Japanese NavalAttache radio messages. These messages originated mainly with the Japanese Naval Attache inBerlin. They contain information on U.S. Anny and Air Force personnel and aircraft in England,U.S. Lend-Lease shipments to the Soviet Union, performance of American aircraft, the use andeffectiveness of airborne radar and the personnel and operations of the Attache's office in Berlin.Among the messages from the Japanese Attache in Berlin are long reports on his discussionswith Vice Admiral Meisel, the German Chief ofNaval Operations, covering subjects such as theactivities of neutral and Allied nations, the second front and Anglo-American cooperation. Note:These messages are NOT necessarily in chronological order. Warning: Some words andsentences have been redacted.

Entry 9016SRNMIntelligence reports and bulletins pertaining to Japanese Naval communications, 1942Contains 1,292 reports in 7 boxes.Description: Records numbered 1-1141 consist of U.S. digests of intelligence reports onJapanese Naval activities drawn from intercepted Jap'anese radio messages and translated bycrypto-linguists. Records numbered 1142-1292 consist of intelligence bulletins concerningJapanese activities and include information originated by the British Admiralty and from othersources.

16 - Spring 2003

Entry 9016SRNSJapanese Naval Radio Intelligence Summaries, 1942-46Contains 1,518 reports in 24 boxes.Description: Copies of summaries originated by the office of Commander in Chief, U.S. FleetHq., Navy department, Washington, D.C., on a daily basis beginning 14 April 1942. Effective 22September 1945, a weekly summary replaced the daily issue. The summaries highlight items ofsignificant intelligence interest, relating to Japanese naval activities, gathered from interceptedJapanese naval radio signals. The material is usually arranged under the headings of general,Northern Japanese Empire Area, Southern Japanese Empire Area and Mandated Islands Area. Inaddition, reports of events relating to specific geographic areas or to Japanese fleet operations aresometimes included, such as Melanesia, Aleutian Task Force, Midway and Wake IslandOffensives, Australian Theatre, etc. Warning: Some words or sentences have been redacted.

Entry 9018SRRJapanese Army Water Transport Messages, 1943-44

. Contains over 44,300 translations in 55 boxes.Description: Records consist of intercepted Japanese Army Water Transport activities. Theseactivities are similar to those of the Water Division, U.S. Army Transportation Corps. Themessages, some of which are paraphrases of the original Japanese texts, cover subjects such asthe names of vessels, crew listings, ships entering ports, loadings, sailing times, ships underrepair, supply requirements, en route position reports, changes in shipping instructions, generalconvoy information, personnel matters, cargo descriptions and information pertaining to shippingtraffic activities. Note: Messages are not necessarily in chronological order.

Entry 9026SRS"Sunset" daily intelligence reports, ETC, 1942-45Contains over 900 reports in 2 boxes.Description: Copies of daily intelligence summaries provided by the British War Office and AirMinistry from intercepted German message traffic. Each summary has a geographicalarrangement, containing one or more of these subject headings: France, Italy, Western Europe,Southeast Europe, Russia, Western Mediterranean, Black Sea, Danube, German Air Force,Balkans, Frontier Crossings, Routes to the South, Yugoslavia, and Western Front. Somesummaries are labeled "ULTRA." The reports generally concern German military activities,troop movements, long-range bombing, naval vessel movements, orders of battle, activities ofcertain military personalities and rumors being spread within the German military establishment.The summaries often contain British comments. Note: The reports are arranged chronologically.

Entry 9006SRS"Magic" Diplomatic Summaries, 1943-45Contains 1,868 daily summaries in 19 boxes.Description: Summaries of Japanese wartime diplomatic messages, intercepted by the UnitedStates and its allies. Prepared under the direction of the Special Branch, Military Intelligence

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Spring 2003 - 17

Division, G-2, they include many extended quotations taken from the original interceptedmessages. The messages reported on in these summaries originated from the Japanese ForeignOffice in Tokyo and from its diplomatic posts in cities throughout the world, including Berlin,Rome, Madrid, Lisbon, Bern, Helsinki, Ankara and Moscow. The summaries containinfonnation on social, economic, political and military conditions in Japan, Gennany, Italy,China, the Soviet Union and the Japanese occupied territories in the Pacific Ocean area. Theinfonnation has been summarized to fulfill the requirements of a daily report fonnat. Warning:Some words or sentences have been redacted. These summaries have been completely indexedby volunteer Staff Assistants at the National Archives, College Park, Maryland. The index isavailable at the College Park facility.

Entry 9003German Navy reports of intercepted radio messages, 1943-45Contains 115 reports in 3 boxes.Description: These seized Gennan records are weekly intelligence reports of enemy and neutralcountry communications which were intercepted, decoded and summarized by the 3rd

Detachment of Naval Command B (later called the Chief of Naval Intelligence) of the GennanNavy. The records pertain primarily to enemy and neutral co.untry order of battle infonnation,e.g., Great Britain, France, Russia, United States and neutrals. Subjects covered includedefensive measures, passive defense and water mine barrages. Maps are included showing navalunit positions, mine barrages, enemy sinkings, and occasionally naval battle campaign charts.The volumes are entitled "B. Berichte" or "X.B. Berichte" (radio reports). The latter designationapparently had a higher security classification and a more limited distribution. The X.B. volumes11 and 13 contain Sonder (special) B. reports on TORCH operations in 1942, while volume 15Sonder reports deal with order of battle data on the British Royal Navy. Note: These reports arearranged chronologically. There is also a microfiche copy of this series (375 negativemicrofiche).

Entry 9001SRS"Magic" Far East Summaries, 1942·45Contains 823 summaries in 11 boxes.Description: Consists of copies of summaries of wartime messages intercepted by the UnitedStates and its allies during the periods of 20 March-31 December 1942 and 10 February 1944-2October 1945. The summaries were prepared under the direction of Special Branch of theMilitary Intelligence Division, G-2. They include many lengthy quotations taken directly fromintercepted messages. They contain infonnation on Japanese strategy, tactics, operationalplanning, organization, logistics, weapons and equipment, fortifications, air defense, intelligenceoperations, unit strength and locations, naval and merchant marine losses, casualties, industrialproduction and military and civilian morale. Some examples of reporting included are:infonnation on the battles of the Coral Sea and Midway, the 18 April 1942 "Doolittle raid" onTokyo and other Japanese cities, the Soviet-Japanese neutrality agreement, the resignation ofForeign Minister Togo, Gennany's naval plans as revealed by Hitler to Japanese AmbassadorOshima in Gennany, and the effects of the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Amongthe final summaries for 1945 are summaries of messages regarding surrender tenns andconditions. Note: These reports are arranged chronologically. Warning: There are manyredactions of words or sentences.

18 - Spring 2003

Entry 9010Records relating to Herbert O. Yardley, 1917-33Contains over 200 documents in 100 boxes.Description: War Department and related records pertaining to Herbert O. Yardley during theperiod 1917-33, including orders covering Lt. Yardley's temporary duty in England, France andother European countries to serve as observer with British Intelligence, as liaison to the FrenchHigh Commission and with the Peace Commission on matters relating to codes and ciphers. Alsoincluded are correspondence and memoranda relating to Yardley's military promotions, awardsand decorations during and after WWI, his work at the Riverbank Laboratory in 1919 and hisresignation from the War Department. Also included are records concerning Yardley'spublication in 1933 of his book The American Black Chamber, which disclosed the WarDepartment secret code breaking operations in New York during the 1920's. Note: Materials arearranged chronologically.

Entry 9009SROJapanese romanization of worldwide place names, 1945Contains 2 volumes in one box.Description: Arranged alphabetically by Japanese transliteration in Volume I and alphabeticallyby local place name in Volume II. Each volume contains Japanese transliterations forapproximately 40,000 place names, together with their local spellings. The Japanesetransliterations are romanized in the modified Hepburn system (Hepburn-shiki) of romanization.Names of places from all parts of the world except for China, Korea, Formosa, the Kurile Islandsand the Ryukru Islands are included. For each place name, the general area and the latitude andlongitude are also given. Sources from which the transliterations of place names were taken wereJapanese maps and charts, from captured documents and from the files of OP-20-G (NavalCommunications Intelligence) and SSA (Signal Security Agency). Sources for local versions ofthe place names were taken from the best available maps and charts for each area. TheIntroduction to each volume lists abbreviations for physical features, area names and descriptiveterms.

Entry 9029Russian codes and ciphers, 1907-31Contains 9 items in 2 boxes.Description: Two boxes. This series consists of negative photostatic copies of Russian languagecryptographic documents. English translations, notes and explanations by members of the U.S.cryptanalytic team have been included. The following codes and ciphers are included:

• Arbitrary Word Code #401,1907• Russian Cipher #404, 1910• Russian Naval Ciphers #105, 1915• Russian Code #413, 1915• Russian general Consular Code #446, 1916• Russian Consular Code #447, 1916• Keys for Super Enciphering Table #448, 1916-18• LAMBDA #448 (no date)

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Entry 9032The Historic Cryptographic Collection, 1916-50+Contains over 5,000 folders in 1,479 boxes.Description: This series, transferred to NARA in 1994, contains an enormous variety of WWIand WWII materials relating to intercept, cryptanalysis, intelligence reporting, order of battleinformation, original copies ofcodebooks and cipher devices from Japan, Germany and manyother countries, reports and monographs on signals intelligence subjects, papers written by someof the more famous individuals in the world of cryptology, descriptions and schematic drawingsof code making and code breaking machines and information on direction finding methods andequipment. Also included are original working papers such as lists, charts, graphs and othermaterials related directly to the process of code breaking. There are lists of Japanese ImperialGovernment offices and office holders for the wartime period, German and Japanese Companycodes and myriad other items too numerous to mention. Also included are original copies ofmany of the redacted documents referred to earlier in this paper. Finally, this series includesmany documents on the formation and operation of SSA and OP-20-G and their predecessororganizations. A comprehensive index to these records is available at the College Park facility.

The above list contains the major documents in the NSA collection, RG 457. In addition, NARAalso holds some information on the following subjects:

• German assets and looted gold - 1 box• Entry 9008 Records relating to controlled German agents - 1 box• Cryptographic suggestions from the public - 27 boxes• Public release copies of materials relating to VENONA - 4 boxes• Entry 9021 Vichy French diplomatic messages, 1941-45 - 19 boxes

How do I see these materials at the National Archives?

All these materials are held at NARA in College Park, Maryland. If you wish to ask a specificquestion about the location or availability of a document, or if you wish to discuss with anarchivist an idea for a paper or a book, you have but to contact:

National Archives and Records AdministrationModern Military recordsAttn: Dr. Larry McDonald or other archivists8601 Adelphi RoadCollege Park, Maryland 20740-6001USA

20 - Spring 2003

Web Sites of Some International Archival Collections

Most archival collections have established some presence on the World Wide Web, but what isavailable on-line can vary greatly from one site to another. The following is a brieflook at theWeb sites of some foreign archival centers with holdings on World War Two. Contactinformation has been included where available. Except as noted, the sites are accessible only intheir native language.

Ausuia

(1) http://www.oesta.gv.at/bestand/kvarchiv/kv_kont.htm

KriegsarchivA-I 030 Wien, Nottendorfergasse 2

Tel.: (01) [0043 1] 79540 - 452Fax: (01) [0043 1] 795 40 - ·109

Contains a listing of archivists for the following sections: 01: Personalevidenzen, 02: Liebgardenand Militarschulen, 03: Militarmaken und Kriegsverluste, 04: Militargerichtsarchiv, 05: AlteFeldakten, 06: Neue Feldakten, 07: Zentralstellen, 08: Mittelbehorden undTerritorialkommanden, 09: Kroegsmarine, 10: Luftfahrtarchiv, 11: Karten- und Plansammlung,and 12: Bildersammlung

(2) http://www.bmlv.gv.at/hgm/adresse. html

Heeresgeschichtliches MuseumArsenal, A-I030 Wien

Tel: +43 1 79561Fax +43 1 5200 17707e-mail: bmlv.hgm@magnet.at

Home page of the Heeresgeschichtliches Museum. Contains additional pages for publications,events and schedules, educational programs, and other links.

(3) http://www.doew.at/

DOW: Dokumentationsarchiv des osterreichischen Widerstandes

The DOW was founded in 1963 by ex-resistance fighters and anti-Fascist historians. Its researchthemes and interests include resistance and persecution (1934-1945), exile, Nazi crimes(especially the Holocaust), and right-wing extremism after 1945. Its activities are described assecuring and depositing source material for archival use and scientific evaluation; managing thearchive and library, including provision of an advisory service for students, journalists, etc.;

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education and infonnation facilities for youths, students and those involved in adult education;providing educational material for the classroom, organizing talks in schools with survivors ofthe Nazi terror (Zeitzeugen); and exhibitions and guided tours of the archive, library andmuseum.

Belgium

(1) http://www.klm-mra.be/

Royal Anny and Military History Museum

Contains map and photograph collections, a database of military aircraft lost over Belgiumduring World War Two, and a library and archives. There is an online bibliography. In English,French, and Dutch.

(2) http://www.cegesoma.be/index.htm

Centre for Historical Research and Documentation on War and Contemporary Society(CEGES/sOMA)

The CEGES/SOMA was founded in 1969 as the Centre for Research and Studies on the Historyof the Second World War, attached to the State Archives and under the direction of the Ministryof Education. Its mission includes the collection, preservation and study archives and all originaldocuments relating to the Second World War, its antecedents and its consequences. Somedatabases and collections are accessible on-line. In English, French, and Dutch.

(3) http://www.inig.be/index.html

Institut National des Invalides de Guerre, Anciens Combattants et Victimes de Guerre

Rue Royale 139/1411000 BRUXELLES

Tel. : 0032.2.227 63 00Fax: 0032.2.227 63 31E-mail: info@inig.be

Contains contact infonnation. No primary sources on-line yet. Site available in English, French,Dutch, and Gennan.

Canada

(1) http://www.dnd.ca/dhh/

National Defence Directorate of History and Heritage

22 - Spring 2003

Has several collections on-line, such as CMHQ Reports 1940-48 and The Canadian Battle series. CoAvailable in French and English. sen

Czech Republic (2)

(1) http://www.militaryrnuseum.cz/cz/cz/

Vojensky Historicky Vstav

Some documents online. English-language site under construction.

Finland

(1) hUp://www.sota-arkistoji

Military Archives

E-mail: kare. salonvaara@Sota-arkistoji

Contains database of Finnish killed, 1939-45, and catalogues ofholdings. In Finnish, Swedish,and English.

France

(1) http://www.dejense.gouv.jr/histoire/index.html

Centre d'etudes d'histoire de la Defense

Ministere de la Defense,Secretariat general pour I'administration,Direction de la memoire, du patrimoine et des archives

14 rue Saint-Dominique00450 Annees

Tel.: 01 4442 1228

Contains some brief on-line histories.

Germanv

(1) http://www.bundesarchiv.de

Bundesarchiv Online

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Contains catalogues of collections, some online documents, publication details, and a board forsending research questions to the staff.

(2) Regional Archive Web Sites

(a) Bayerisches Hauptstaatsarchivhttp://www.gda.bayern.de/staarch.htm

(b) Hauptstaatsarchiv Stuttgarthttp://www.lad-bw.de/hstas/

(c) Bundesarchiv Berlin-Lichterfeldehttp://www.bundesarchiv.de

(d) Geheimes Staatsarchiv Preussischer Kulturbesitzhttp://hinterpommern.de/Geneologie/Archive/Berli-geh-staatsar/

(e) Generallandsarchivhttp://www.lad-bw.de/glak/index.htm

Hungarv

(I) http://kvtlinux.lib.uni-miskolc.hu/lib/archive/

A Misko1ci Egyetem Leveltara

Contains introductory materials and many links to bibliographies, museums, archival collections,and other historical sites.

(2) http://www.militaria.hu/

Hadtorteneti Intezet es MuzeumHungarian Institute and Museum ofMilitary History

Tel.: (36 1) 356 9522, 356 9370, 356 9586Fax: (36 1) 356 1939,3569586

H-1014 Bp. Kapisztnin ter 2-4.H 1250 Budapest Pf. 7.

E-mail: info@militaria.hu

Contains contact information and other limited infonnation about archival and librarycollections, museum exhibits, and other institutional activities and functions. In Hungarian andEnglish.

24 - Spring 2003

ItalY

(]) http://www.storia-militare.itl

Societa Italiana di Storia Militare

Tel.: 06-56304167Fax: 1782267426E-mail: info@Storia-militare.it

Some limited bibliographic information.

The Netherlands

(1) http://www.riod.nl/engels/index.html

Nederlands Instituut voor Oorlogsdocumentatie

Herengracht 380]016 CJ AmsterdamThe Netherlands

Tel.: +31 205233800Fax: +31 205233888E-mail: info@oorlogsdoc.knaw.nl

Contains descriptions of archival and photo collections as well as eight bibliographies on varioustopics related to World War Two, such as the resistance movement and Anne Frank:. In Dutch,French, German, and English.

Russia

. (1) http://www.iisg.nl/~abb/abb_c7.html

Operativnyi arkhiv Sluzhby vneshnei razvedki RF (Arkhiv SVR Rossii)

Operational Archive of the Foreign Intelligence ServicePress and Public Affairs Bureau119034, Moscow, ul.Ostozhenka, 51/10

Tel.: 247-19-38,245-33-68Fax: (095) 247-05-29

The archives are not open for normal public research because of security classifications, but theWeb site has directions for posting queries. In English.

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(2) http://www.iisg.nl/-abb/abb_c4.html

Tsentral'nyi arkhiv Ministerstva oborony RF (TSAMO)Central Archive of the Ministry ofDefense142100, Moskovskaia oblast', Podol'sk, ul. Kirova,74

Tel.: 137-90-05, (0967) 54-00-03Fax: (095) 137-96-20

Contains instructions for accessing the collections. In English.

Spain

(1) http://www.mcu.es/lab/archivos/

Archivos Estatales

Contains information on print and electronic publications and links to other Spanish archivalcenters, including various regional archives, Archivo Hist6rico· Nacional, and Archivo Generalde la Guerra Civil Espanola.

Sweden

(l) http://www.ra.se/KRA

Krigsarkivet

115 88 StockholmBanergatan 64

Tel.: 08 - 782 41 00Fax: 08 - 782 69 76E-mail: krigsarkivet@krigsarkivet.ra.se

Contains contact information, some online databases and maps, and descriptions of and orderforms for publications. In Swedish only.

SWitzerland

(1) http://www.vbs.admin.ch/internet/GS/MILBI/d/INDEXHTM

Bibliotheque militaire federale 5t Service historique

AusleiheBundeshau53003 Bern

26 - Spring 2003

Tel.: 031/324 50 99Fax: 0311324 50 93

E-mail: josefinauen@gs-vbs.admin.ch

A cumulative file of books, articles, newspapers, pamphlets and other items can be searchedonline. In Swiss, French, Italian, and English.

United KIngdom

(1) http://www.chu.cam.ac.uklarchives/home.shtml

Churchill Archives Centre

Churchill CollegeCambridgeCB30DSUnited· Kingdom

Tel.: +44 1223 336087Fax: +44 1223 336135E-mail: archives@chu.cam.ac.uk

Contains detailed catalogues and descriptions of the Centre's nearly six hundred collections ofpersonal papers.

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Recently Published and Reprinted Books in English on World War IISelected Titles from an Electronic Compilation

byJames Ehrman

Ailsby, Christopher. SS: Hell on the Eastern Front: the Waffen-SS in Russia 1941-1945.Staplehurst: Spellmount, 2003

Alexander, Thomas E. The Wings of Change: The Army Air Force Experience during WorldWar II. Abilene, TX: McWhiney Foundation Press, 2003.

Alford, Kenneth D. Nazi Plunder: Great Treasure Stories of World War II. Cambridge, MA: DaCapo, 2003.

Allen, Martin. The Hitler/Hess Deception: British Intelligence's Best-Kept Secret of the SecondWorld War. London: HarperCollins, 2003.

Allen, Robert W. Churchill's Guests: Britain and the Belgian Exiles during World War II.Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 2003.

Anderson, Dudley. Three Cheers for the Next Man to Die. New York, NY: Oxford, 2003.

Antelme, Robert, and Daniel Dobbels. On Robert Antelme's The Human Race: Essays andCommentary. Evanston, IL: Marlboro Press/Northwestern, 2003.

Archer, Jane. Let Not Your Flight Be in Winter. Studio City, CA: Players Press, 2003.

Arthur, Max. Churchill at War. London: Carlton, 2003.

Astor, Gerald. Terrible Terry Allen: Combat General of World War II: The Life of an AmericanSoldier. Novato, CA: Presidio, 2003.

Astor, Gerald. The Mighty Eighth: The Air War in Europe as Told by the Men Who Fought It.Novato, CA: Presidio, 2003.

Astor, Gerald. Operation Iceberg: The Invasion and Conquest of Okinawa in WWII. Novato,CA: Presidio, 2003.

Astor, Gerald. Battling Buzzards: The Odyssey of the 517th Parachute Regimental CombatTeam, 1943-1945. Novato, CA: Presidio 2003.

Atkinson, Rick. An Army at Dawn: The War in North Africa, 1942-1943. London: Little,Brown, 2003.

--28 - Spring 2003

Bahmanyar, Mir. Darby's Rangers, 1942-45. Oxford: Osprey, 2003.

Banham, Tony. Not the Slightest Chance: The Defense of Hong Kong. Vancouver, BC: UBCPress, 2003.

Barrett, Harry B. The Navy and Me. Port Dover, OT: Patterson Creek Press, 2003.

Bartov, Orner. Germany's War and the Holocaust: Disputed Histories. Ithaca, NY: CornellUniversity Press, 2003.

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Bartsch, William H. December 8,1941: MacArthur's Pearl Harbor. College Station, TX: TexasA&M University Press, 2003. Blal

Basinger, Jeanine. The World War II Combat Film: Anatomy ofa Genre. Middletown, CT:Wesleyan University Press, 2003. Blm

Baxter, Ian. German Annoured Warfan~of World War II: The Unpublished Photographs, 1939- Bod1945. London: Greenhill, 2003.

Beamont, Roland. Tempest over Europe. Shrewsbury: Airlife, 2003. Bog

Beckman, Bengt. Codebreakers: Arne Beuding and the Swedish Crypto Program during WorldWar II. New York, NY: Oxford University Press, 2003. Bo'"

1Bennett, Donald V., and William R. Forstchen. Honor Untarnished. New York, NY: Forge,

2003. Bo'"

Bercuson, David J., and Holger H. Herwig. Bismarck. London: Pimlico, 2003.

Bergen, Doris L. War and Genocide: A Concise History of the Holocaust. Lanham, MD:Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

Bernstein, Mark, and Alex Lubertozzi. World War II on the Air: Edward R. Murrow and theVoices that Carried the War Home. Naperville, IL: Sourcebooks, 2003.

Beschloss, Michael R. The Conquerors: Roosevelt, Truman, and the Destruction ofHitler's Germany, 1941-1945. Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press, 2003.

Bet-EI, Ilana R. Conscripts: Lost Legions of the Great War. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Bilek, Anton F., and Gene O'Connell. No Uncle Sam: The Forgotten ofBataan. Kent, OH:Kent State University Press, 2003.

Bilton, David. The Home Front in the Great War. Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 2003.

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Spring 2003 - 29

Binney, Marcus. The Women Who Lived for Danger: The Women Agents ofSOE in the SecondWorld War. London: Coronet, 2003.

Bishop, Chris. SS: Hell on the Western Front: The Waffen-SS in Europe 1940-1945. Staplehurst:Spellmount, 2003.

Bishop, William Arthur. Winged Combat: My Story as a Spitfire Pilot in WWII. Toronto, ONT:HarperPerennial,2003.

Black, Jeremy. World War Two. New York, NY: Routledge, 2003.

Blatman, Daniel. For Our Freedom and Yours: The Jewish Labour Bund in Poland, 1939-1949.Portland, OR: Vallentine Mitchell, 2003.

Blumstein, Rita Blattberg. Like Leaves in the Wind. Portland, OR: Vallentine Mitchell, 2003.

Bodson, Herman. Agent for the Resistance: A Belgian Saboteur in World War II. CollegeStation, TX: Texas A&M University Press, 2003.

Bogart, Leo. How I Earned the Ruptured Duck: Behind the Lines in WWII. College Station:Texas A&M University Press, 2003.

Bowman, Martin W. Wild Blue Yonder: Glory Days of the U.S. 8th Air Force in England.London: Cassell Military, 2003.

Bowman, Martin W. B-17 Flying Fortress Units of the Pacific War. Oxford: Osprey Military,2003.

Bowman, Martin W. The Bedford Triangle: U.S. Undercover Operations from England in WorldWar Two. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Bowyer, Chaz. Air War Over Europe. Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 2003.

Boyce,. Robert W. D., and Joseph A. Maiolo. The Origins of World War Two: The DebateContinues. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

Boyce, Fredric, and Douglas Everett. SOE: The Scientific Secrets. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Braunschweig, Pierre. Secret Channel to Berlin: The Masson-Schellenberg Connection andSwiss Intelligence in World War II. New York, NY: Greenhill, 2003.

Brenner, Rachel Feldhay. Writing as Resistance: Four Women Confronting the Holocaust: EdithStein, Simone Weil, Anne Frank, and Etty Hillesum. University Park, PA: PennsylvaniaState University Press, 2003.

30 - Spring 2003

Breuer, William. The Spy Who Spent the War in Bed and Other Bizarre Tales from World WarII. New York: Wiley, 2003.

Breuer, William B. The Air-Raid Warden Was a Spy and Other Tales from Home-Front Americain World War II. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2003.

Brickhill, Paul. Escape or Die: True Stories of Heroic Escapes. London: Cassell Military, 2003.

Brown, Richard Finn, and Helen D. Millgate. Mr. Brown's War: A Diary of the Second WorldWar. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Browne; Blaine T., and Robert C. Cottrell. Uncertain Order: The World in the TwentiethCentury. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall, 2003.

Buckalew, Edward J. Diary of a Cruiser Sailor in WWII. Victoria, BC: Trafford, 2003.

Budani, Donna M. Italian Women's Narratives of Their Experiences during World War II.Lewiston, NY: Edwin Mellen Press, 2003.

Bulkley, Robert J. At Close Quarters: PT Boats in the United States Navy. Annapolis,MD: Naval Institute Press, 2003.

Bunyak, Dawn, and Lawrence I. Pifer. Our Last Mission: A World War II Prisoner in Germany.Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2003.

Cane, Lawrence, David E. Cane, Judy Barrett Litoff, and David C. Smith. Fighting Fascism inEurope: The World War II Letters of an American Veteran of the Spanish Civil War. NewYork, NY: Fordham University Press, 2003.

Carpenter, Stephanie A. On the Farm Front: The Women's Land Army in World War II.DeKalb, IL: Northern Illinois University Press, 2003.

Carter, Allene G., and Robert L. Allen. Honoring Sergeant Carter: Redeeming a Black WorldWar II Hero's Legacy. New York, NY: Amistad, 2003.

Cawthorne, Nigel. Steel Fist: Tank Warfare 1939-1945. Slough: Arcturus, 2003.

Chamberlain, Charles D. Victory at Home: Manpower and Race in the American South duringWorld War II. Athens; GA: The University of Georgia Press, 2003.

Chancellor, Henry. Colditz: The Definitive History of the Untold Story of World War II's GreatEscapes. New York, NY: Perennial, 2003.

Chickering, Roger, and Stig Forster. The Shadows of Total War: Europe, East Asia, and theUnited States, 1919-1939. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

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Spring 2003 - 31

Childers, Thomas. In the Shadows of War: An American Pilot's Odyssey Through OccupiedFrance and the Camps of Nazi Germany. New York, NY: H. Holt, 2003.

Clayton, Tim, and Phil Craig. The End of the Beginning: From the Siege ofMalta to the AlliedVictory at El Alamein. New York, NY: Free Press, 2003.

Clostermann, Pierre. The Big Show. London: Cassell Military, 2003.

Cohen, Allen, and Ronald L. Filippelli. Times of Sorrow and Hope: Documenting Everyday Lifein Pennsylvania during the Depression and World War II : A Photographic Record.University Park, PA: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2003.

Colley, David. Blood for Dignity: The Story of the First Integrated Combat Unit in the U.S.Army. New York, NY: St. Martin's Press, 2003.

Copp, Terry. Fields of Fire: The Canadians in Normandy. Toronto, ONT: University of TorontoPress, 2003 .

• Cosgrove, Edmund. Canada's Fighting Pilots. Kemptville, ONT: Golden Dog Press, 2003.

Coyne, Kevin. Marching Home: To War and Back with the Men of One American Town. NewYork, NY: Viking, 2003.

Curtis, Michael. Verdict on Vichy. New York, NY: Arcade Publishing, 2003.

Daglish, lain. Operation Bluecoat. Barnsley: Leo Cooper, 2003.

Dancey, Peter. Coastal Command v. the U-boat: A Complete World War II Coastal CommandReview. Bromley: Galago, 2003.

Davey, J. Six Years ofDarkness. Victoria, BC: Trafford, 2003.

Degan, Patrick. Flattop Fighting in World War II: The Battles Between American and JapaneseAircraft Carriers. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 2003.

Delaforce, Patrick. Churchill's Desert Rats: From Normandy to Berlin with the i h AnnouredDivision. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Delaforce, Patrick. The Polar Bears: From Normandy to the Relief of Holland withthe 49th Division. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Delaforce, Patrick. Taming the panzers: Monty's Tank Battalions: 3 RTR at War. Stroud: Sutton,2003.

Dickison, Arthur. Crash Dive: In Action with HMS Safari, 1942-43. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

32 - Spring 2003

Doenecke, Justus D. Stonn on the Horizon: The Challenge to American Intervention, 1939-1941.Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003.

Doerries, Reinhard R. Hitler's Last Chief of Foreign Intelligence: Allied Interrogations of WalterSchellenberg. Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 2003.

Dornan, Peter, and Nicky Barr. An Australian Air Ace: A Story of Courage and Adventure.St. Leonards, NSW: Orion, 2003

Drobatschewsky, Dimitri. My Father's Son: A Memoir. Bridgewood Press, 2003

Duffy, Peter. The Bielski Brothers: The True Story of Three Men who Defied the Nazis, Saved1200 Jews, and Built a Village in the Forest. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2003.

DmU1, Walter S. Heroes or Traitors: The Gennan Replacement Anny, the July Plot, and AdolfHitler. Westport, CT: Praeger, 2003

Eisenhower, John S. General Ike: A Personal Reminiscence. New York, NY: The Free Press,2003.

Elevitch, M. D. Dog Tags Yapping: The World War II Letters of a Combat GJ. Carbondale, IL:Southern Illinois University Press, 2003.

Emanuel, Muriel, and Vera Gissing. Nicholas Winton and the Rescued Generation: The Story of'Britain's Schindler.' London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2003.

Ephraim, Frank. Escape to Manila: From Nazi Tyranny to Japanese Terror. Urbana, IL:University of Illinois Press, 2003

Erickson, John. The Road to Stalingrad. London: Cassell Military, 2003.

Erickson, John. The Road to Berlin. London: Cassell Military, 2003.

Fahidi, Paul. Fortuna's Children. Portland, OR: Vallentine Mitchell, 2003.

Falconer, Jonathan. The Dam Busters: Breaking the Great Dams of Western Gennany, 16-17May 1943. Stroud: Sutton, 2003

Figes, Eva. Tales of Innocence and Experience: An Exploration. New York, NY: Bloomsbury,2003.

Foley, William A. Visions From a Foxhole: A Rifleman in Patton's Ghost Corps. Novato,CA: Presidio Press, 2003

Ford, Ken. Battleaxe Division: From Africa to Italy with 78Division, 1942-45. Stroud:Sutton, 2003.

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Spring 2003 - 33

Forty, George. Tanks Across the Desert: The War Diary of Jake Wardrop. Stroud: Sutton, 2003.

Fowler, William. The Balkans and North Africa 1941. Hersham: Ian Allan, 2003.

Fowler, William. The Commandos at Dieppe: Rehearsal for D-Day. London: Collins, 2003.

Fowler, William. Russia 1941/42. Hersham: Ian Allan, 2003

Franks, Nonnan L. R. Typhoon Attack. London: Grub Street, 2003.

Franks, Nonnan L. R. Beyond Courage: Air Sea Rescue by Walrus Squadrons in the Adriatic,Mediterranean and Tyrrhenian Seas, 1942-1945. London: Grub Street, 2003.

Friedman, Max Paul. Nazis and Good Neighbors: The United States Campaign Against theGermans of Latin America. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 2003.

Friedrich, Erich O. Hitler's Prisoners: Seven Cell Mates Tell Their Stories. Washington, D.C.:Brassey's, 2003.

Fuchs, Karl, Horst Richardson, and Dennis Showalter. Your Loyal and Loving Son: the Lettersof Tank Gunner Karl Fuchs, 1937-41. Washington, D.C.: Brassey's, 2003.

Fudge, Russell 0., and Robert Parker. Another Civilian Soldier: Angaur to Chichi lima.Brownwood, TX: Robert Parker, 2003

Fussell, Paul. The Boys' Crusade: The American Infantry in Northwestern Europe, 1944-1945.New York, NY: Modern Library, 2003.

Gallo, Patrick J. For Love and Country: The Italian Resistance. Lanham, MD: University PressofAmerica, 2003.

Gamble, Arthur. The Itinerant Airman. Ilfracombe: Arthur H. Stockwell, 2003.

Gamble, Bruce. Black Sheep One: The Life of Gregory "Pappy" Boyington. Novato, CA:Greenhill,2003.

Garrett, Garet. Defend America First: The Antiwar Nationalist Editorials of the SaturdayEvening Post, 1939-1942. Caldwell, ID: Caxton Press, 2003.

Gautsch, Willi. General Henri Guisan: Commander-in-Chief of the Swiss Army in World War II.New York, NY: Greenhill, 2003.

Georg, Fredrich. Hitler's Miracle Weapons: Secret Nuclear Weapons of the Third Reich andTheir Carrier Systems. Vol. 1: The Luftwaffe and Kriegsmarine. Solihull: Helion, 2003.

34 - Spring 2003

Gibson, Guy. Enemy Coast Ahead: The Real Guy Gibson., 1918-1944. Manchester: Crecy, Ha2003.

Gilbert, Martin. The Righteous: The Unsung Heroes of the Holocaust. New York: Henry Holt, Ha2003.

Gildea, Robert. Marianne in Chains: Everyday Life in the French Heartland under the Gennan HalOccupation. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books, 2003.

Gillies, Douglas. Prophet: The Hatmaker's Son: The Life of Robert Muller. Santa Barbara, CA: HalEast Beach Press, 2003.

Gimpel, Erich. Agent 146: The True Story of a Nazi Spy in America. Waterville, ME: ThorndikePress, 2003. Ha'

Glantz, David M. The Soviet Strategic Offensive in Manchuria, 1945: "August Stonn." Portland,OR: Frank Cass, 2003. Hm

Goldner, Morris, and Larry Stillman. A Match Made in Hell: The Jewish Boy and the PolishOutlaw Who Defied the Nazis. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2003. He~

Goodson, James A. Tumult in the Clouds. London: Penguin, 2003.Hea

Graves, Donald E. In Peril on the Sea: the Royal Canadian Navy and the Battle of the Atlantic.Toronto, ONT: Published for the Canadian Naval Memorial Trust by Robin Brass Studio,2003.

HeaGray, Jennie. Fire By Night: The Story of One Pathfinder Crew & Black Thursday, 16th/17th

December 1943. London: Grub Street, 2003.Heil

Griehl, Manfred. Air War Over the Atlantic. London: Greenhill, 2003.

Grilley, Robert. Return From Berlin: The Eye of a Navigator. Madison, WI: University of Hes;Wisconsin Press, 2003. I

Gubar, Susan. Poetry After Auschwitz: Remembering What One Never Knew. Bloomington, IN: HeyIndiana University Press, 2003.

HiglGustin, Emmanuel, and Anthony G. Williams. Flying Guns WWII. Shrewsbury: Airlife, 2003.

Haffner, Sebastian. Churchill .London: Haus, 2003. Hilh

Harden, Anne. A Tale of Two Sisters Lives of Travel and Adventure. Toronto, aNT: Cybercom, Hirs2003.

Spring 2003 - 35

Hartcup, Guy, and Bernard Lovell. The Effect of Science on the Second World War. New York,NY: Palgrave, 2003.

Hartman, 1. Ted. Tank Driver: With the lith Annored From the Battle of the Bulge to VE Day.Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2003.

Hatfield, Ken. Heartland Heroes: Remembering World War II. Columbia, MO: University ofMissouri Press, 2003.

Hawkins, Ian. Destroyer: An Anthology of First-Hand Accounts by Those Who Served on the B-and C-class Destroyers in the Second World War. London: ConwayMaritime, 2003.

Havens, George N. We Made the Headlines Possible: The Critical Contribution of the RearEchelon in World War II. Cleveland, OH: Greenleaf Book Group, 2003.

Havers, R. P. W. Reassessing the Japanese Prisoner of War Experience: The Changi POWCamp, Singapore, 1942-45. New York, NY: RoutledgeCurzon, 2003.

Heal, S. C. Ugly Ducklings: Japan's WWII Liberty TyPe Standard Ships. St. Catharines, ONT:Vanwell, 2003

Heard, Raymond P. A Prisoner of War Diary: The Ray Heard Memoirs, 1939-45. Red Deer,ALB: Joint Publications Committee, Central Alberta Historical Society and Central AlbertaRegional Museums Network, 2003.

Hearn, Chester G. Sorties into Hell: The Hidden War on Chichi Jima. Westport, CT: Praeger,2003.

Hein, Carola, and Jeffry M. Diefendorf. Rebuilding Urban Japan after 1945. New York, NY:Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.

Hess, William N., and Chris Davey. 'Down to Earth' Strafing Aces of the Eighth Air Force.Oxford: Osprey, 2003.

Heywood, Samantha. Churchill. New York, NY: Routledge, 2003.

High, Peter B. The Imperial Screen: Japanese Film Culture in the Fifteen Years' War, 1931-1945. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press, 2003.

Hillary, Richard. The Last Enemy. Toronto, ONT: Pippin, 2003.

Hirshson, Stanley P. General Patton. New York, NY: HarperCollins, 2003.

36 - Spring 2003

Hitler, Adolf, and Helmut Heiber. Hitler and His Generals: Military Conferences 1942-1945:The First Complete Stenographic Record of the Military Situation Conferences, FromStalingrad to Berlin. New York, NY: Enigma Books, 2003.

Holland, James. Fortress Malta: An Island Under Siege, 1940-1943. London: Orion Media, 2003.

Holmes, Richard. Battlefields of the Second World War. London: BBC, 2003.

Holmes, Tony, and lain Wyllie. Legends of World War 2. Oxford: Osprey, 2003.

Hore, Peter. Patrick Blackett: Sailor, Scientist, and Socialist. Portland, OR: Frank Cass, 2003.

Hove, Duane 1. American Warriors: Five Presidents in the Pacific Theater of World War II.Shippensburg, PA: Burd Street Press, 2003.

Hoyt, Edwin Palmer. Stalin's War: Tragedy and Triumph, 1941-1945. New York, NY: CooperSquare Press, 2003.

Hudson, Sydney. Undercover Operator: An SOE Agent's Experiences in France and the FarEast. Bamsley: Leo Cooper, 2003.

Hull, Mark M. Irish Secrets: German Espionage in Ireland, 1939-1945. Portland, OR: IrishAcademic Press, 2003.

Hungerford, Amy. The Holocaust of Texts: Genocide, Literature, and Personification. Chicago,IL: University of Chicago Press, 2003.

Hunt, Eric. Mont Pinyon. Bamsley: Leo Cooper, 2003.

Huston, James A. Biography of a Battalion: The Life and Times of an Infantry Battalion inEurope in World War II. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 2003

Hylton, Stuart. Their Darkest Hour: The Hidden History of the Home Front, 1939-1945. Stroud:Sutton, 2003.

Imlay, Talbot C. Facing the Second World War: Strategy, Politics, and Economics in Britain andFrance 1938-1940. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003.

Irons, Roy. Hitler's Terror Weapons: The Price of Vengeance. London: Collins, 2003.

Jackson, Julian. The Fall of France: The Nazi Invasion of 1940. New York, NY: OxfordUniversity Press, 2003.

Jackson, Steve. Lucky Lady: The World War II Heroics of the U.S.S. Santa Fe and Franklin.New York, NY: Carroll & Graf, 2003.

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Spring 2003 - 37

Jeffers, H. Paul. In the Roughrider's Shadow: The Story ofa War Hero - Theodore Roosevelt Jr.Novato, CA: Presidio, 2003.

Jeffers, Joe M. My World War Air Combat: Learning the Facts of Life by Trial and Error.Victoria, BC: Trafford, 2003.

Jeffreys, Alan. British Infantryman in the Far East, 1941-1945. Oxford: Osprey, 2003.

Jenkins, McKay. The Enemy and the Mountain: The Odyssey of the 10th Mountain Division inWorld War II. New York, NY: Random House, 2003.

Jewett, John M. Once Upon a Wagon. Victoria, BC: Trafford, 2003.

Johnson, Forrest Bryant. Hour ofRedemption: America's Most Daring POW Rescue. New York,NY: Melia, 2003.

Johnston, Mark. That Magnificent 9th: An Illustrated History of the 9th Australian Division1940-46. St. Leonards, NSW: Orion, 2003.

Jones, Jay. The 370th Fighter Group in World War II: In Action Over Europe with the P-38 andP-51. Atglen, PA: Schiffer, 2003.

Kashima, Tetsuden. Judgment Without Trial: Japanese American Imprisonment during WorldWar II. Seattle, WA: University of Washington Press, 2003.

Katz, Robert. The Battle for Rome: The Germans, the Allies, the Partisans and the Pope,September 1943-June 1944. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster, 2003.

Kelly, Clara Olink. The Flamboya Tree: Memories of a Family's Wartime Courage. London:Arrow, 2003.

Kelly, Saul. The Hunt for Zerzura: The Lost Oasis and the Desert War. London: John Murray,2003.

Kelly, Terence. Nine Lives ofa Fighter Pilot: A Hurricane Pilot in World War II. Shrewsbury:Airlife, 2003.

Kershaw, Alex. The Bedford Boys: One Small Town's Ultimate D-Day Sacrifice. London:Simon & Schuster, 2003.

Killen, John. The Luftwaffe. Bamsley: Leo Cooper, 2003

Kimball, Warren F. Forged in War: Roosevelt, Churchill, and the Second World War. Chicago,IL: Ivan R. D