World War Two
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Transcript of World War Two
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World War TwoCauses*** remember with the acronym: FART
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The “T”: Treaty of Versailles
How did the Treaty of Versailles become a cause of World War Two?“C’mon guys…. you already know this.!”
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The “T”: Treaty of Versailles
Review:Geographical Terms Germany lost all of its colonies Germany lost part of Eastern Germany to
Poland Germany lost Alsace-Lorraine (to France)
Reparations 132 billion marks paid to the Triple
Entente Saar region loaned to France (15 years)
Military Terms Germany’s army reduced to 100,000 Not allowed tanks No air force Small ships only
War Guilt Clause Sign a clause that stated they were the
primary cause of WW1
All of this economically crippled and humiliated Germany
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The “T”: Treaty of Versailles
How did this help cause WW2?
• The “Treaty of Versailles”: caused severe economic issues for Germany (made vulnerable to the rise of dictators)
• Was a rallying point for the people of Germany• One of Hitler’s main campaign promises was to rip up the
Treaty, this was very popular
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The “T”: Treaty of Versailles
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The “R”: Rise in Dictators
Conditions in Europe which led to the Rise of Dictators:1. Both winners and losers of WW1 felt cheated 2. There were problems with the new borders of Europe3. Problems with governments of Europe (monarchies and democracies)4. The Great Depression5. Problems blames on foreigners, communists and Jews
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The “R”: Rise in Dictators
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9kW_L_Nbm38
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The “R”: Rise of Dictators
Benito Mussolini: Italy
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The “R”: Rise of Dictators
Benito Mussolinihttp://video.answers.com/the-rise-of-benito-mussolini-516911377
Formed the Fascist Party to fight communism and socialism
“Black Shirts” followers broke up trade union meetings and communist rallies with campaign of terror
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The “R”: Rise of Dictators
Benito Mussolini
1922- there was a treat of a General Strike. Fascists said they would stop it and they marched on Rome
the King asked Mussolini to form new governmentMussolini made Italy self-sufficient He “made the trains run on time”Mussolini became a dictator, the “Black Shirts”
silenced criticism, there was no opposition, only Fascists could run for elections
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The “R”: Rise of Dictators
Adolf Hitler: Germany
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The “R”: Rise of Dictators
Adolf Hitler: GermanyWas a corporal in WW1Joined the Nazi party in its infancy Gave party: military organization, its own salute
and uniforms and a symbol (the swastika) By 1933, Nazis were the largest party in German
parliamentHitler was appointed “Chancellor”, then
Parliament voted Hitler complete control of the government and he became “der Fuhrer”
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The “R”: Rise in Dictators
Life in Nazi Germany• “Total revolution of German life”• All political parties were banned• Enabling Act: can pass laws without parliament• “Night of the Long Knives”• Gestapo and SS• Kristallnacht• Nuremburg Laws (process of de-humanization)
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Nuremburg Laws
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Nuremburg Laws
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The “R”: Rise in Dictators
Life in Nazi Germany• Sales of Hitler's political autobiography "Mein
Kampf," sometimes referred to as the bible of the Nazi Party, made him a millionaire. From 1933 to 1945, free copies were given to every newlywed German couple. After World War II, the publication of "Mein Kampf" in Germany became illegal.
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Life in Nazi Germany: PropagandaHitler Speech http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eGhdX1SI3KY&bpctr=1363880802
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The “R”: Rise in Dictators
Other Dictatorships
In Spain: Francisco FrancoIn Soviet Union: Joseph Stalin
In Japan: Emperor Hirohito
** people turned to dictatorships because they offered simple solutions, promised national glory and silenced opposition
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The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations
Failure #1: Manchuria: Sept 1931• Japan invades Chinese province of Manchuria• League???
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The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations
Failure #2: Abyssinia: May 1936• Italy invaded through neighbouring Italian
Somaliland• Annexed to Italy• Haile Salassie (former emperor) addressed the
assembly of the League• “It is international morality that is at stake….
God and history will remember your judgment”.
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The “F”: Failure of the League of Nations
Failure #3: Hitler leaves the League
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The “A”: Appeasement
Date Expansion Demands Rationale (Reason) World Reaction
1936 The Rhineland Challenge Versailles settlement France and Britain protested the League of Nations- did nothing
1938 Austria Felt it was German territory - no reaction- did nothing
1938 The Sudetenland (part of Czech)
- demanded- Munich Agreement- Czech not invited- League agreed, could not fight Germany alone
- permitted- annexation
Mar,1939 Czechoslovakia - danger to Germany- occupied the rest of the country
- Churchill predicted- Chamberlain betrayal- will take a harder line
1939 Demanded some of Poland
- Gateway- space- high Jewish population
- will declare war on Germany
Aug, 1939 Poland SEPTEMBER 3rd Britain declared war
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The “A”: Appeasement
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The “A”: Appeasement
Lil’ Hitler
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bcrRrst1i0g
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The “A”: Appeasement
Europe 1941
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Blitzkrieg: “Lightning War”
“Lightning War”• Speed and surprise• Prevent enemy from defense1) Planes (luftwaffe): rapid bombardment2) Tanks (panzers): speed3) Ground Troops (wehrmacht): mobile
Eg) Sitzkreig “Phony War”Sept,1939: PolandApr, 1940: Denmark
NorwayMay, 1940: Holland
Belgium1940: France (north)