World War IIWorld War II1939-19451939-1945

“A day that will live in “A day that will live in infamy”infamy”

Set the tone….Set the tone….

Fascism is when government Fascism is when government controls the economy, culture, and controls the economy, culture, and all parts of people’s livesall parts of people’s lives

Dictators are rulers who have total Dictators are rulers who have total control of a country and its people. control of a country and its people.

The Great Depression ruined many The Great Depression ruined many countries economies and many countries economies and many people had no jobs and were people had no jobs and were suffering trying to survivesuffering trying to survive

Powerful Dictators Powerful Dictators

Adolf Hitler Adolf Hitler Claimed heClaimed heknew how toknew how tosolve Germany’ssolve Germany’sproblems problems He formed the Nazi party (National He formed the Nazi party (National

Socialists)Socialists)He built a powerful military He built a powerful military He was influential to other dictatorsHe was influential to other dictators

Others Dictators…. Others Dictators….

Benito Mussolini and Hirohito and Benito Mussolini and Hirohito and Joseph StalinJoseph Stalin

Italy Japan Italy Japan USSR USSR

Churchill and FDRChurchill and FDR

Democratic LeadersDemocratic Leaders Great Britain and USGreat Britain and US

Hitler’s GermanyHitler’s Germany

Hitler blamed Jewish people for Hitler blamed Jewish people for Germany’s problems Germany’s problems

He gave influential powerful speeches He gave influential powerful speeches convincing people that he knew how convincing people that he knew how to “fix” the economy and make to “fix” the economy and make Germany a powerful nation againGermany a powerful nation again

Formed an alliance with Italy and Formed an alliance with Italy and Japan as they all began invading other Japan as they all began invading other countriescountries

Secrets don’t make Secrets don’t make friendsfriends

Hitler made a secret agreement with Hitler made a secret agreement with Joseph Stalin of the USSR/Soviet Joseph Stalin of the USSR/Soviet UnionUnion

Both men promised not to attack Both men promised not to attack each other’s countrieseach other’s countries

Poland InvasionPoland Invasion

Hitler invaded small countries to practiceHitler invaded small countries to practice He promised to stop but liedHe promised to stop but lied On Sept 1, 1939 Nazis invaded Poland On Sept 1, 1939 Nazis invaded Poland Great Britain and France (Allies team) Great Britain and France (Allies team)

declared war on Germany knowing Hitler declared war on Germany knowing Hitler would eventually attack them toowould eventually attack them too

Italy and Japan declared war on the Allies Italy and Japan declared war on the Allies The war had begunThe war had begun

America stayed neutral? America stayed neutral?

Most Americans practiced isolationism Most Americans practiced isolationism and refused to get involvedand refused to get involved

FDR helped the British with supplies FDR helped the British with supplies and equipment thoughand equipment though

Knowing the US was the only one to Knowing the US was the only one to stop Japan for invading, they attacked stop Japan for invading, they attacked us at Pearl Harbor on Dec 7, 1941us at Pearl Harbor on Dec 7, 1941

Now America had joined the war with Now America had joined the war with the Alliesthe Allies

Pearl HarborPearl Harbor

Japan had conquered many Asian Japan had conquered many Asian countries firstcountries first

The U.S. Navy base in Hawaii The U.S. Navy base in Hawaii suffered terrible damage and suffered terrible damage and thousands of soldiers and sailors thousands of soldiers and sailors dieddied

After America declared war on After America declared war on Japan, Italy and Germany declared Japan, Italy and Germany declared war on Americawar on America

Axis vs. AlliesAxis vs. Allies

Axis powers consisted of Germany, Axis powers consisted of Germany, Italy, JapanItaly, Japan

Allied powers consisted of Britain, Allied powers consisted of Britain, France and eventually the U.S. France and eventually the U.S.

Other allies joined both team until Other allies joined both team until almost every country on our globe almost every country on our globe was fightingwas fighting

Lesson 1 ReviewLesson 1 Review

Know your vocabularyKnow your vocabulary Know your leaders and their affiliated Know your leaders and their affiliated

countriescountries Know you timelineKnow you timeline Know why the war startedKnow why the war started Know why the U.S. entered the warKnow why the U.S. entered the war Describe the events around Pearl Describe the events around Pearl

Harbor attackHarbor attack Locate Hawaii and Japan on a mapLocate Hawaii and Japan on a map

The U.S. Home Front The U.S. Home Front To mobilize for war, the U.S. needed To mobilize for war, the U.S. needed

people and supplies people and supplies More than 15 million Americans served More than 15 million Americans served

in the war-some joined while others were in the war-some joined while others were drafteddrafted

American factories that had made cars American factories that had made cars and appliances now began to make and appliances now began to make supplies, uniforms and equipment for supplies, uniforms and equipment for soldierssoldiers

This effort ended the Great Depression as This effort ended the Great Depression as mostly women went back to work mostly women went back to work

Airplane ProductionAirplane Production

Allies and Axis powers made about Allies and Axis powers made about 30,000 planes 30,000 planes

1941 Allies made about 10,000 more1941 Allies made about 10,000 more By 1943, Allies made 150,000 planes By 1943, Allies made 150,000 planes

and the Axis made 40,000and the Axis made 40,000 In the end, around 1945, both In the end, around 1945, both

decreased airplane production decreased airplane production significantlysignificantly

The U.S. built over 350,000The U.S. built over 350,000 during the war during the war

ScientistsScientists

New technologies were invented to New technologies were invented to improve the helicopter and airplane improve the helicopter and airplane designdesign

Radar was developed and used to Radar was developed and used to locate airplanes and ships and enemieslocate airplanes and ships and enemies

Created the atomic bomb that Created the atomic bomb that eventually ended the wareventually ended the war

U.S. government spent hundreds of U.S. government spent hundreds of billions of dollars on war suppliesbillions of dollars on war supplies

U.S. Sacrifices U.S. Sacrifices

Organizations packed supplies for Organizations packed supplies for soldierssoldiers

Children recycled metal for war Children recycled metal for war productsproducts

Meat, sugar, and gas were rationed Meat, sugar, and gas were rationed Families planted victory gardens Families planted victory gardens

since most of farmer’s food went to since most of farmer’s food went to the soldiersthe soldiers

Changes in Art Changes in Art

Newspapers, radio, television and even Newspapers, radio, television and even movie newsreels informed Americans of movie newsreels informed Americans of war eventswar events

Paintings, books, movies, plays were Paintings, books, movies, plays were about the warabout the war

Music was written about the war Music was written about the war Many political cartoonsMany political cartoons

were written about were written about

the war toothe war too

Japanese Americans Japanese Americans

After Pearl Harbor, Americans After Pearl Harbor, Americans worried that Japanese Americans worried that Japanese Americans would help Japan in the war. would help Japan in the war.

FDR ordered over 100,000 Japanese FDR ordered over 100,000 Japanese (American citizens) into internment (American citizens) into internment camps until after the war. camps until after the war.

Thousands of other Japanese fought Thousands of other Japanese fought for the U.S. for the U.S.

Lesson 2 ReviewLesson 2 Review

Know vocabulary, names of people, Know vocabulary, names of people, and timelineand timeline

Know about the U.S. workforce Know about the U.S. workforce Know how scientists contributed to Know how scientists contributed to

the war effortthe war effort Know why internment camps were Know why internment camps were

made in the U.S. made in the U.S. Locate Germany, Italy and Japan on a Locate Germany, Italy and Japan on a

map map

PropagandaPropaganda

Interpret these…..Interpret these…..

Germanys strategy Germanys strategy

Axis powers caught much of the Axis powers caught much of the world by surprise with their world by surprise with their powerful and well equipped powerful and well equipped militaries.militaries.

Hitler and the Nazis quickly Hitler and the Nazis quickly conquered most of Europe. conquered most of Europe.

Hitler broke his promise with Stalin Hitler broke his promise with Stalin and even attacked the Soviet Union. and even attacked the Soviet Union.

Other strategiesOther strategies

Japan took control of much of the Japan took control of much of the Pacific region, including the Pacific region, including the Philippines. Philippines.

Italy was moving into AfricaItaly was moving into Africa Many new Many new

weapons wereweapons were

used in all areasused in all areas

Allies strategy Allies strategy Began in North Africa near the Sahara Began in North Africa near the Sahara

desertdesert Germans and Italians retreated within the Germans and Italians retreated within the

yearyear Allies moved to Sicily, Italy on the Allies moved to Sicily, Italy on the

Mediterranean SeaMediterranean Sea While the Allies pushed Axis powers out of While the Allies pushed Axis powers out of

Italy, Germany suffered major losses with Italy, Germany suffered major losses with the Soviet Unionthe Soviet Union

By 1944, Germny was in trouble due to By 1944, Germny was in trouble due to Allies air power Allies air power

D DayD Day

Normandy, FranceNormandy, France

Eisenhower led a million soldiers to Eisenhower led a million soldiers to the beaches of France to begin the beaches of France to begin moving towards Germany from the moving towards Germany from the westwest

Soviets were moving towards Soviets were moving towards Germany from the eastGermany from the east

May 1945 Germany surrendered May 1945 Germany surrendered May 8May 8thth was declared VE Day (Victory was declared VE Day (Victory

in Europe) in Europe)

Allies focus on JapanAllies focus on Japan WWII continued in the Pacific ocean as WWII continued in the Pacific ocean as

Japan had taken over parts of Asia Japan had taken over parts of Asia Battle of Midway-critical win for Allies-Battle of Midway-critical win for Allies-

U.S. sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and U.S. sank 4 Japanese aircraft carriers and many airplanesmany airplanes

Island hopping was used to liberate Island hopping was used to liberate individual island which moved the U.S. individual island which moved the U.S. closer to Japancloser to Japan

Navajo Indian code talkers used secret Navajo Indian code talkers used secret code so that Japanese couldn’t spy and code so that Japanese couldn’t spy and understand messagesunderstand messages

Iwo JimaIwo Jima

Allies freed New Guinea, Iwo Jima Allies freed New Guinea, Iwo Jima and many more islandsand many more islands

Japanese lost major battle in the Gulf Japanese lost major battle in the Gulf of Leyte that crippled their navy in of Leyte that crippled their navy in future battlesfuture battles

Famous photo of U.S. MarinesFamous photo of U.S. Marines

raising our flag on the islandraising our flag on the island

of Iwo Jimaof Iwo Jima

VJ Day VJ Day

Victory in Japan August 6, 1945 when Victory in Japan August 6, 1945 when U.S. President Truman chose dropping U.S. President Truman chose dropping the atomic bomb instead of a military the atomic bomb instead of a military invasioninvasion

A bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, A bomb was dropped on Hiroshima, Japan and killed nearly 100,000 peopleJapan and killed nearly 100,000 people

Another bomb dropped 3 days later on Another bomb dropped 3 days later on Nagasaki, Japan which resulted in Nagasaki, Japan which resulted in Hirohito surrenderingHirohito surrendering

WWII ended August 14, 1945WWII ended August 14, 1945

Atomic bombAtomic bomb

Pilot quote: “ We turned back to look Pilot quote: “ We turned back to look at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by at Hiroshima. The city was hidden by that awful cloud…”that awful cloud…”

The Holocaust The Holocaust

As the fighting ended, U.S. soldiers As the fighting ended, U.S. soldiers discovered a horror of war in Germanydiscovered a horror of war in Germany

Millions of innocent Jewish men, women, Millions of innocent Jewish men, women, and children were sent to concentration and children were sent to concentration camps where they were forced to work, camps where they were forced to work, beaten, starved, experimented on, and beaten, starved, experimented on, and killed for no reasonkilled for no reason

All Jews in countries taken over by Hitler All Jews in countries taken over by Hitler were arrested or killedwere arrested or killed

Churchill said….Churchill said….

““the greatest and most horrible crime the greatest and most horrible crime ever committed in the whole history ever committed in the whole history of the world”of the world”

AuschwitzAuschwitz

Lesson 3 ReviewLesson 3 Review

Know vocabulary, timeline and Know vocabulary, timeline and important namesimportant names

Know significant battlesKnow significant battles Describe D Day, VE Day and VJ DayDescribe D Day, VE Day and VJ Day Know the significance of island Know the significance of island

hopping and Navajo code talkershopping and Navajo code talkers Know the reason WWII endedKnow the reason WWII ended Describe the events of the Holocaust Describe the events of the Holocaust Locate Normandy and Japan on a mapLocate Normandy and Japan on a map

The Cold War The Cold War

WWII ended but the Cold War beganWWII ended but the Cold War began U.S. and USSR worked to win WWII but U.S. and USSR worked to win WWII but

too many differences pushed them apart too many differences pushed them apart quickly after the war. quickly after the war.

Two years after WWII, the U.S. and USSR Two years after WWII, the U.S. and USSR were fighting a war with words and ideaswere fighting a war with words and ideas

““Sticks and stones may break my bones, Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me” ? Not true!but words will never hurt me” ? Not true!

Capitalism Capitalism

U.S. lived under capitalism where U.S. lived under capitalism where citizens/businesses control production of citizens/businesses control production of goods and services based on consumers’ goods and services based on consumers’ choices (supply and demand)choices (supply and demand)

It’s also referred to as a market economy It’s also referred to as a market economy meaning citizens make most economic meaning citizens make most economic decisions decisions

Citizens are protected with rights and Citizens are protected with rights and freedomsfreedoms

People have control by voting on their leadersPeople have control by voting on their leaders

CommunismCommunism

USSR (Soviet Union) lived under USSR (Soviet Union) lived under communism where the government communism where the government controls production and owns the nation’s controls production and owns the nation’s natural and capital resourcesnatural and capital resources

It is also referred to as a command It is also referred to as a command economy because the govt makes most economy because the govt makes most economic decisions and controls what will economic decisions and controls what will be producedbe produced

Citizens had few rights or freedomsCitizens had few rights or freedoms People had People had nono control control

Iron CurtainIron Curtain After WWII, the Allies controlled western After WWII, the Allies controlled western

half of Germany while the USSR/Soviets half of Germany while the USSR/Soviets controlled eastern half of the country.controlled eastern half of the country.

However, Germany’s capital, Berlin was However, Germany’s capital, Berlin was located in the east so it was also divided.located in the east so it was also divided.

Allies controlled West Berlin and the Allies controlled West Berlin and the Soviets controlled East BerlinSoviets controlled East Berlin

So West was democratic and free; east So West was democratic and free; east was communist under Stalin’s was communist under Stalin’s dictatorshipdictatorship

Churchill nicknamed the wall that Churchill nicknamed the wall that separated east and west Berlin the separated east and west Berlin the Iron Curtain which quickly became Iron Curtain which quickly became the symbol of the differences of the symbol of the differences of communist and non communist communist and non communist countries countries

NATONATO Truman created an alliance called the North Truman created an alliance called the North

Atlantic Treaty Organization to help other Atlantic Treaty Organization to help other countries protect themselves from countries protect themselves from communismcommunism

NATO countries hoped this will keep the NATO countries hoped this will keep the Soviet Union from forcing communism on Soviet Union from forcing communism on other countriesother countries

““I believe that we must assist free people to I believe that we must assist free people to work out their own destinies in their own work out their own destinies in their own way” way”

- Harry - Harry TrumanTruman

Berlin strugglesBerlin struggles

The city of Berlin was the heart of the The city of Berlin was the heart of the Cold WarCold War

Soviets attempted to take over the whole Soviets attempted to take over the whole city but the Allies refused to leavecity but the Allies refused to leave

No transportation to west Berlin = no No transportation to west Berlin = no supplies or foodsupplies or food

Berlin Airlift was when Allies flew Berlin Airlift was when Allies flew airplanes over west Berlin and dropped airplanes over west Berlin and dropped tons of food and supplies to trapped tons of food and supplies to trapped peoplepeople

Berlin AirliftBerlin Airlift

““The sound of the engines was like The sound of the engines was like music to our ears” -music to our ears” -West Berlin citizenWest Berlin citizen

Interpret this political cartoon of the Interpret this political cartoon of the Berlin Airlift in West Berlin during the Berlin Airlift in West Berlin during the Cold WarCold War

Lesson 4 ReviewLesson 4 Review

Know vocabulary, important names Know vocabulary, important names and dates and timelineand dates and timeline

Compare and contrast Capitalism Compare and contrast Capitalism and Communismand Communism

Describe the purpose of the Berlin Describe the purpose of the Berlin WallWall

Describe the purpose of NATODescribe the purpose of NATO Locate the USSR area on a map Locate the USSR area on a map

China becomes REDChina becomes RED

Soviets spread communism to large Soviets spread communism to large parts of Europe after WWII. U.S. parts of Europe after WWII. U.S. feared further spread.feared further spread.

Soviets helped Mao Zedong lead Soviets helped Mao Zedong lead China to communism.China to communism.

Nuclear War Nuclear War

Soviets built an atomic bomb too Soviets built an atomic bomb too after WWIIafter WWII

Arms/Weapons race between the two Arms/Weapons race between the two countries began with the two countries began with the two countries building bigger and better countries building bigger and better bombsbombs

People around the world feared People around the world feared nuclear war which could destroy all nuclear war which could destroy all life life

Anti-communismAnti-communism

A time when people tried to stop the A time when people tried to stop the spread of communismspread of communism

U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy was U.S. Senator Joseph McCarthy was an anticommunist and he accused an anticommunist and he accused other politicians of being communist other politicians of being communist and spying on the U.S. and spying on the U.S.

Hundreds lost jobsHundreds lost jobs

Korean War Korean War

United Nations (UN) was formed after United Nations (UN) was formed after WWII-included more than 50 nations WWII-included more than 50 nations with a goal of world peacewith a goal of world peace

Korea was divided after WWII-South Korea was divided after WWII-South Korea was democratic supported by Korea was democratic supported by U.S. while North Korea was communist U.S. while North Korea was communist supported by the Soviets (similar to supported by the Soviets (similar to Berlin) Berlin)

1950 North Korea invaded South Korea1950 North Korea invaded South Korea

U.S. convinced the UN to defend U.S. convinced the UN to defend South Korea so soldiers from 16 South Korea so soldiers from 16 nations joined the fight with the U.S. nations joined the fight with the U.S.

American Douglas MacArthur led American Douglas MacArthur led the UN forces and pushed North the UN forces and pushed North Korea out of South KoreaKorea out of South Korea

China sent soldiers to help North China sent soldiers to help North Korea which kept the war going for Korea which kept the war going for 3 years3 years

Thousands of soldiers died on both Thousands of soldiers died on both sidessides

Finally, both sides agreed to stop Finally, both sides agreed to stop fighting and the war ended fighting and the war ended

North Korea remained communist North Korea remained communist and separated from South Koreaand separated from South Korea

Cuban Missile CrisisCuban Missile Crisis

Cuba (90 miles from the U.S.) became Cuba (90 miles from the U.S.) became communist also in 1959 under Fidel communist also in 1959 under Fidel Castro Castro

In 1962, the U.S. discovered that the In 1962, the U.S. discovered that the Soviet Union secretly put powerful Soviet Union secretly put powerful missiles in Cuba pointed towards the missiles in Cuba pointed towards the U.S. U.S.

U.S. President John Kennedy (JFK) U.S. President John Kennedy (JFK) feared an attack so ordered a blockade feared an attack so ordered a blockade of Cubaof Cuba

Kennedy sent U.S. warships south to Kennedy sent U.S. warships south to surround the island of Cuba and to surround the island of Cuba and to prevent anymore Soviet ships from prevent anymore Soviet ships from getting to Cubagetting to Cuba

Nuclear war seemed inevitableNuclear war seemed inevitable A compromise was made: Kennedy A compromise was made: Kennedy

promised not to attack Cuba if the Soviets promised not to attack Cuba if the Soviets would remove their missileswould remove their missiles

Both leaders agreed to finally work Both leaders agreed to finally work together nowtogether now

Lesson 5 ReviewLesson 5 Review

Know vocabulary, names, and timelineKnow vocabulary, names, and timeline Describe the arms race between Describe the arms race between

America and the Soviets America and the Soviets Describe all events of the Korean WarDescribe all events of the Korean War Describe all events of the Cuban Describe all events of the Cuban

Missile CrisisMissile Crisis Find Cuba on a map Find Cuba on a map

Test Time A+Test Time A+

WWII: name sides, purpose, new WWII: name sides, purpose, new weapons, changes in the U.S., Dday, weapons, changes in the U.S., Dday, Holocaust, Berlin WallHolocaust, Berlin Wall

Korean War: name sides and alliances, Korean War: name sides and alliances, purpose, endingpurpose, ending

Cuban Missile Crisis: name sides and Cuban Missile Crisis: name sides and alliances, purpose, strategy, endingalliances, purpose, strategy, ending

Know vocabulary, names of leaders, Know vocabulary, names of leaders, and mapsand maps