World War I Looms

p. 352

Deadly Social Factors Invite War

• Four factors led the Imperialist European Powers, in 1914, into one of the greatest, most destructive wars in world history.

• We have seen these factors at work in other studies. – They are still causing problems in today’s

world. • (Factors causing World War I are in bold

type, with a Roman numeral (I, II, III, IV). Make sure you note them.).

I. (hey! A Roman numeral!)

• EC: Nations joined together to protect themselves from dangerous, militarist powers.

• I. Alliances• Countries joining together to protect

each other from a common enemy.• As alliances got bigger, the chance

of war also grew.

Entente:• a loose agreement to follow similar policies.• 1893: France and Russia ally (Entente

Cordial)– France fears German aggression against it in

Europe and Africa– Russia is concerned about

• Germany making closer relations to the Ottoman Empire.

• German support of Austria-Hungary against Russia’s ethnic ally, Serbia (Slavic).

– 1904, France makes an Entente with Great Britain

III. Militarism: • The glorification of the military. • The industrial countries based their pride and relations

with other countries on their military strength. – Germany’s Otto von Bismarck said, that Germany would resolve

its international differences with military force, not words. • “Blood and Iron” speech

• Arms Race: • Many nations turned industries to producing “high-tech”

weapons to intimidate others to give up their own lands and plans.– Nations sent spies to find out about these weapons

• Stole plans• Committed sabotage

Alsace and Lorraine:

• Territories France lost to Germany in 1871. –France wanted its pride recovered by regaining them.

Ultimatum:

• a final set of demands. – Austria-Hungary threatened immediate war

unless Serbia met its conditions:• Must end all support of anti-Austrian activities and

groups.• Must let Austria investigate the incident, in Serbia.

– Serbia did not agree to all the demands and Austria declared war, July 1914.

Mobilize:

• prepare the military for war.

• Germany declared war on Russia when Tsar Nicholas II ordered his troops to get ready to fight Austria-Hungary.

Neutrality:

• policy of not supporting any side in a war.

• Italy did not immediately join its Central Power allies.

• Britain also remained neutral with the Allies.

• The United States would trade with both alliances.

Propaganda Feeds the Excitement

– Propaganda in each nation said that they were fighting for justice and a better world

– handout– What country is the sample about?– What does the sample say about that

country’s side? Explain.– What does the sample say about the

enemy? Explain.

Sample one: "When we teach, you run!"

• What country/alliance is the sample from?– Central Powers (Austria-Hungary, Germany)

• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– They look brave, purposeful, proud, strong

• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – They look cowardly, ugly (Russia, Belgium, France, Serbia,

England, Japan,

• What is the particular message of the sample?– Our cause is a good one and the enemy will learn what is right!

Sample two: "The Entente Cordiale"

• What country/alliance is the sample from?– Germany (Central Powers); though written in French.

• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– The noble, watchful German eagle watches the danger grow in

Western Europe.

• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – The hideous and dangerous British spider traps Western Europe

in it’s web; threatens the rest of Europe.

• What is the particular message of the sample?– The Entente Cordiale (Britain, France, and Russia) is dangerous

to the rest of the world and must be stopped.

Sample three: “Germany is war!" • What country/alliance is the sample from?

– France (written in French)

• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– There is no message about France

• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – Germany is shown as a fat, rapacious, Wagnerian valkyrie

(Nordic warrior woman) butcher. Places they have taken are the cuts of meat hanging.

• What is the particular message of the sample?– Germany is a murderous, warlike danger to the rest of Europe

and must be stopped.

Sample four: "If I can't rule her, no one shall!"

• What country/alliance is the sample from?– United States (American liberty is approaching the Kaiser, shield

and sword in hand; barely legible it says …..New York….)

• What does the sample say about that side? Explain.– America is godlike and noble, trying to save Germany from it

psychopathic Kaiser (emperor)

• What does the sample say about the enemy side? Explain. – The Kaiser is willing to destroy his own nation rather than give up

his war.

• What is the particular message of the sample?– The Kaiser is destroying Germany to win his futile war rather than

saving her by giving up.

Map Skills, p. 353:

• 2.• France and Russia bordered Germany on two

sides and could attack it from each direction.• 3.• The Allies appear to have a greater advantage.

– More troop strength– Surround the Central Powers

Standards Check, p. 353

• Question:

• The Triple Alliance, – made up of Germany, Italy, and Austria-

Hungary

• The Triple Entente, – made up of France, Britain, and Russia.

Image, p. 354

• Question:

• Watching the parade

• Saluting the soldiers on horseback

• Waving hats and handkerchiefs

Standards Check, p. 355

• Question:

• Antagonism and suspicion caused by– Economic competition– Imperialist rivalries– Arms race

• Nationalism– Austria-Hungary– Ottoman Empire

Biography, p. 355

• Question:

• His desire for respect may have driven him to – build up the German military– Win colonies– Best the other European powers

economically.

Standards Check, p. 355

• Question:

• Austria-Hungary blamed Serbia for the assassination and took the opportunity to attack Serbia.

• Germany backed Austria-Hungary

Chart Skills, p. 356

• Question:

• Russians might feel that Germany started the war because of their support of Austria-Hungary and eventual invasion of Belgium, which was a neutral country.

Standards Check, p. 357:

• Question:• Alliances drew more and more countries

into the war.– Even though it was a regional war between

Serbia and Austria-Hungary

• France supported Russia• Britain supported Belgium

– Anti-German propaganda about atrocities in Belgium…..

Standards Check, p. 357:

• Question:

• Because of a renewed sense of patriotism, people rushed to fight for or support their homelands.

End hwk

• Begin class work