World War I
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Transcript of World War I
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World War I
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1. Militarism
• Definition: The policy of glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for War
• To be a great power, European nations believed you must have a powerful military
• To be a great power, means you must mobilize quickly in case of war
• What do you think??
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2. Alliances
• Otto von Bismark fears that the French will want their lands back (Alsace and Lorraine) took during Franco-Prussian War and unification
• Bismark makes alliances with Austria-Hungary and Russia (even though AH and R are bitter enemies)
• Kaiser Wilhelm II ends Russia’s treaty and sets out to make Germany’s power known throughout the world what is this known as?
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3. Imperialism
• Quest for colonies often pushed Europeans to the brink of war– 1905 and 1911, France and Germany clash over
Morocco• Competition for overseas empires rivalry
and distrust deepened
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4. Nationalism
• Deep devotions to one’s country• Competition for materials and markets (makes
a country stronger!)– Great Britain and Germany competed for industrial
dominance• Territorial disputes– France and GermanyAlsace-Lorraine)– Austria-Hungary and Russia over control of the
Balkans– In the Balkans- increased
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Alsace-Lorraine
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Europe’s Powder Keg
• New nations after the Crimean War- Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro, Romania, and Serbia
• Serbia hoped to absorb all Slavs into its country Russia supported b/c of similar Slavic heritage
• Austria-Hungary is fearful of Serbian power because of its large Slavic population (NO REVOLTS!)
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Europe’s Powder Keg, continued
• 1908: Austria-Hungary annexes Bosnia and Herzegovia
• Russia stands behind Serbia• Germany gives Austria-Hungary full support
(Russia and Serbia back down)
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A shot rings throughout Europe
• Heir to the Austrian throne, Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife visit Sarajevo (the capital of Bosnia)
• Gavrilo Princip shot them. He was a member of the Black Hand, a secret society committed to riding Bosnia of Austrian rule.
• He was also Serbian
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• Austria, with the support of an angry Germany, gives Serbia an ultimatum, which is a list of demands that if not met, will lead to serious consequences
• Serbian knew that they could not defeat Austria, so they agree to most of the demands and gave an offer to have the others settled by an international conference
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• Austria refuses negations and declares war on Serbia
• Russian mobilizes its troops and other Europeans are alarmed
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Credits
• http://www.ww1-propaganda-cards.com/