WORLD TRADE

OUTLINE

• STATISTICS CANADA

• THE WORLD TRADE ANALYZER– WHY IT WAS DEVELOPED– MAIN FEATURES– THE ADJUSTMENTS – WHY THE ADJUSTMENTS– THE FUTURE

STATISTICS CANADA

STATISTICS CANADA

MANDATE:

• to collect, compile, analyse, abstract and publish statistical information

• to collaborate with departments of government

• to take the census of population of Canada and the census of agriculture of Canada

• to promote the avoidance of duplication in the information

• generally, to promote and develop integrated social and economic statistics pertaining to the whole of Canada

THE WORLD TRADE ANALYZER

• TRADE FLOWS MEMBERS OF UNITED NATIONS

• ALMOST 200 TRADING PARTNERS

• DATABASE 1980 TO 1998

• 800 COMMODITIES - SITC REV 2

• 2 YEARS AFTER REFERENCE PERIOD

WHY WORLD TRADE ANALYZER

• CANADA- ALMOST 40 % OF GDP

• TRADE AGREEMENTS

• POLICY DEVELOPMENT

• GLOBILIZATION

• EXPORTS AND IMPORTS – $ 2.0 TRILLION IN 1980 – $ 2.9 TRILLION BY 1988– $ 5.7 TRILLION BY 1998

DEVELOPMENT OF THE DATABASE

• TIMELY ACQUISITION OF UNITED NATIONS DATA

• DEVELOPMENT OF SUITABLE IMPUTATION METHODS

• UNAVAILABLE DATA• IMPROVE INTERNATIONAL

COMPARABILITY

PROCEDURES TO NOTE

• COMMODITIES CLASSIFIED AT THE 4-DIGIT STANDARD INTERNATIONAL TRADE CLASSIFICATION-REVISION 2 (SITC Rev. 2)

• ELECTRICAL POWER INCLUDED

• UNSPECIFIED COMMODITIES-SECTION 9 - Adjustments for valuation and territorial coverage only.

ADJUSTMENTS

• TRADE WITH UNSPECIFIED COUNTRIES

• DIFFERENCES IN TERRITORIAL COVERAGE

• DIFFERENCES IN VALUATION

• IMPUTATIONS FOR NON-REPORTING COUNTRIES AND SUPPLEMENT

• DIFFERENCES IN COMMODITY CLASSIFICATION

• DIFFERENCES IN TRADING PARTNER ATTRIBUTION

GUIDING PRINCIPAL

IMPORT DATA ARE MORE RELIABLE THAN EXPORT DATA

TRADE REPORTED WITH UNSPECIFIED COUNTRIES

• Portion reported – in terms of broad areas or aggregate group of

countries

• Basis of Adjustment– partner within region– Areas n.e.s., Not Specified, Free Zones, For Ships

and Special Categories... grouped and distributed to countries where reported imports >reported exports.

DIFFERENCES IN TERRITORIAL COVERAGE

• Geographic area included by a country as part of its own territory– excluded from that country’s trade figures– viewed as a separate entity by trading partners.

DIFFERENCES IN VALUATION

• “General” system

• “Special” system

• f.o.b. (free on board, excluding insurance and freight)

• c.i.f. (cost including insurance and freight from point of export)

VALUATION ADJUSTMENTS

• WORLD EXPORTS=WORLD IMPORTS– THREE REGIONS *Americas

*Europe/Mediterranean

*Asia/Oceania

– IMPORTS minus EXPORTS <15%, then EXPORTS=IMPORTS

EXCEPTIONS

-Exports Reported as zero

-Exports imputed from partner country imports

IMPUTATION FOR NON-REPORTING COUNTRIES

• NO COMMODITY DETAIL

• ONLY IMPORTS OR ONLY EXPORTS

TRADE BETWEEN TWO NON REPORTING COUNTRIES

• Imputation after adjustment for non-reporting countries completed

- Published < than adjusted figure - no adjustment

- Published > than adjusted figure, then the difference - n.e.s.(country and commodity level)

DETAIL DIFFERENCES IN COMMODITY

CLASSIFICATION

• Reported anywhere from 1-digit to 5-digit level of SITC

DIFFERENCES IN TRADING PARTNER ATTRIBUTION

• ENTREPOT TRADE

• DIFFERENCES IN COUNTRY DEFINITION– country of origin– country of consignment– country of purchase– etc.

DISSEMINATION

• April/May each year

• CD-ROM

• Single or Multiple Users

• http://www.statcan.ca/english/research/ 65F0019XIE/market.htm

THE FUTURE

• COUNTRY GROUPINGS

• COMMODITY CLASSIFICATION-HARMONIZED SYSTEM (HS) 6-DIGIT?

• MEDIUM FOR DISSEMINATION

• USERS- COMMENTS/SUGGESTIONS

MORE INFORMATION

• E-MAIL: trade@statcan.ca

• FAX: 1-613-951-0117

• TELEPHONE: 1-800-294-5583 (Toll free)