Submitted To: Submitted By:

Mr. Sachin Jain Rohullah Sharifi

• The WTO’s precedes or the general agreement on tariffs and trade(GATT),was establish after world war II in the wake of other multilateral institutions dedicated to International economic corporation.

• GATT was the only multilateral instrument governing international trade from 1948 until the WTO was established on January 1,1995.

oThe World trade organization is an organization that intends to supervise and liberalize international trade

oWTO was officially commenced on january 1, 1995

oWTO was created by uruguay round negotiation (1986-94).

There are total 160 member countries

Budget 196 million Swiss francs (approx. 209 million US$) in the year 2011.

Currently there are total 629 staff members are present in WTO.

Cont.

MembersMembers, dually represented by the European Union

ObserversNon-members

Map of World Trade Organization members and observers

WTO

• Promote trade flows by encouraging nations to adopt non discriminatory and predictable trade policies.

• Raising standard of living and income.

• Introduce sustainable development.

Helping developing and transition economics

Specialized help for Export

WTO In In Global Economic Policy-Making

Acting as a watchdog of international trade.

Giving information to Public

Cooperating with other international institutions involved in global economic policy making.

Acting as a management consultant for world trade.

Technical assistance and training for developing countries.

Cont.

PRINCIPLES OF WTO

PRINCIPLES OF WTO

Trade without Discrimination

Freer Trade-Gradually, through

Negotiation

Predictability –through Binding

and Transparency

Promoting Fair Competition

Encouraging Development and Economic

Reform

ORGNISATIONAL STRUCTURE

General Council

Council for Trade

in Goods

Council for Intellectual

Property Rights in Trade

Council for Trade

In Services

GC: Dispute

Settlement Body

GC: Trade Policy

Review Body

Ministerial Conference

Committee on

Budget

CommitteeOn trade & developme-

nt

Trade-related intellectual property rights council

Council for

goods

Council for

services

Committee on BOP

Agriculture :-The agreement relating to agriculture is made up of several elements, which seek to reform trade in agriculture.

Health and Safety Measures:-The agreement on the application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures concerns the application of food safety and animal and plant health regulation.

Textiles and Clothing:-

The objective of this agreement is to secure the integration of the textile and clothing sector .

TRIPS :-

The WTO agreements of trade related aspects of intellectual property rights (TRIPs) recognizes that widely varying standards in the protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights and the lack of multilateral disciplines dealing with international trade in counterfeit goods.

• TRIMS:-Trade related Investment Measures (TRIMs) are those restrictions a nation places on foreign investment that adversely affect trade in goods and services

• Disputes Settlement:-The Dispute Settlement Understanding(DSU) is the legal text that spells out the rules and procedures for disputes between member countries.