World StudiesNotes

People and Regions of theEastern HemisphereMr. Nichols

This year we will be studying the People and Regions of the Eastern Hemisphere.

We will study 4 Ancient Civilizations & the 4 types of governments, 5 religions, and economics of the Modern Eastern Hemisphere.

We will discover that the past still influences the world today! We are not that different from those in the past except we have better Technology! We have always looked at others accomplishments and said “we can do that, and we can do it better!”

We have gotten ideas from others and improved on those ideasWe have had to INVENT on our ownIt is best when we are able to share good ideas with others!

We will look at the Eastern Hemisphere through 4 Areas:History, Geography, Government, Economics$

History•History is an account of the past.•Individual and Group Choices have present and future consequences.•When cultures meet-they are never the same.•The PAST influences life today! (government, religion, social order, economics, technology, agricultural practices and products)

*(How has the past affected the present and future?)*

Geography•Where people live influences how they live.•People have had to ADAPT to their environment.

•People can change the environment-the environment can change people.

•What factors encouraged people to stay or leave an environment? (Push / Pull)

How have places changed over time?Why have places changes over time?

Government•Government is and organized system of leadership and laws.•Peoples freedoms and rights are related to their government.•There are 4 types of government:Democracy, dictatorship, monarchy, and theocracy.•People have different rights and responsibilities in each government. (includes limited, little, or NO Rights)

• All governments provide stability and services.

Economics $•People are consumers when they choose to buy goods or services.

•Choices have present and future consequences.

•Regional resources lead to specialization. Use what is available to you! (materials and labor)

•Trade has always been an important economy. Trade has also carried ideas, beliefs and information!• Needs and trade have made the world

interdependent. • Import-Needs & Export-Goods.

Essential Questions What should we make? (Produce)

Who is it for? (Consumers)Why can’t people have what they want?

Geography Shapes Life!

•Humans MUST ADAPT to their environment!

•WHERE you live determines HOW you live!

•Humans MUST use the RESOURCES available in their environment.

•Humans can change their environment and the environment can change people.

•Changing the environment has CONSEQUENCES (Mesopotamia and Dust Bowl in United States)

Human Activities and life can alter the environment-that change can be BAD!

Mother Nature will always win. There is NO Planet B!

World Geography Helps us understand our world, our history, and the people. Physical geography-landforms Political geography-boundaries

Hemispheres-Half of the earth North / South divided by latitude – Equator East / West divided by longitude – Prime

Meridian Geography SHAPES life-where you live determines

HOW you live!

5 Themes of Geography (Mr. Lip) Movement-people, goods, and ideas

move(migration, trade) Region-describes an area-mountain, desert

region, Middle East, New England, by geography or culture.

Location-Where a place is. Latitude and Longitude give exact location!

Interaction-People change the environment and the environment changes people (Adapt)

Place-describes what is in an area-people, landforms, urban/rural, climate etc.

Early Humans • Nomadic• Migrated-Animals & Climate.• Migrated to every continent!• Adapted to many different

environments. (Desert, Woodlands)

• Used the resources of the area.• Were known as Hunters &

Gatherers.

Human Discovery that changes human life and the world!• Agriculture!

• Farming-plants & Animals• Stay in one place-

permanent settlements• More food=more people-

more jobs.• Villages-Towns-Cities• Advanced Civilizations

Humans settled by water-River Valleys

• Rivers• Fertile Soil (floods)• Good Climate

• People learned to irrigate their lands and to farm better. New techniques and technology (plow).

• More food=more people• Less people needed to farm=NEW JOBS!• People organized and cities began to

develop.• Government began-Monarchy-Kings• This lead to the development of

Advanced Civilizations.

Advanced Civilizations-8 features:• Government• Cities• Religion• Written Language• Job Specialization • Social Order• Public Works• Art & Architecture (groups own

style)

• Electricity-NOT needed!• People have always tried to make

their life easier, better, more efficient! Technology!

Mesopotamia-Worlds FIRST true Civilization! They had No one to show them how to do things!

Geography-LAND• Mesopotamia-”land between the Rivers”• By Rivers-Euphrates & Tigris• Rivers flood-fertile soil• Irrigation canals to water farmlands• “Fertile Crescent”• Middle East Region-Modern Iraq• Desert Region-the people used up the resources

Mesopotamia

Government-Leadership and Laws• City-States-same people, culture, language-different Kings

• Monarchy-Rule by King

• Empire-many city-states under ONE ruler

• Developed an Advanced Civilization(8)

History-Culture & Influences

• Culture-A groups way of life.

• Farmed-around rivers

• Advanced Civilization(8)• Religion-many gods-polytheism• Social classes• Job specialization

• Education-wealthy (boys)

• First written language-Cuneiform

• Ziggurat-first large building project

Economics$

• TRADE-traded resources and surplus

• Trade routes to other city-states or civilizations-traveled in large groups

• Import-Needs-resources• Export-Surplus and Goods

• Ideas, beliefs, and information were also “traded”

Land of Many “Firsts”!

• Large scale farming-large population

• Cities & buildings-Ziggurat

• Government-Monarchy

• Religion-Polytheism

• Laws and written laws(Hammurabi)

• Cuneiform-written language

• Empire-large area under one ruler

• Sumer-First Civilization (South)

Draw the Mesopotamian Social Order

Achievements & Future Influences-ideas to make better in the future!

• Large Scale Farming techniques

• Monarchy-power came from the gods

• Invented the first Wheel

• First written language-Cuneiform- scribes kept records

• First written laws-Hammurabi

• Architecture-large building's-Ziggurat

• Trade-makes you wealthy and powerful.

The Wonderful World of Ancient Egypt

What do you know about Ancient Egypt? Think -3 things.