1. 1. WTEW'13 Scientific ResearchData mind-processing scientific vs ordinary Scientific Research Scientific ResearchSimple Application Need? Need?Linear AlgebraDon't need? Don't need?
2. 2. 1400'sJohannes Gutenberg Germany 1359 - 1468 Press Printer
3. 3. 1500'sNicolaus Copernicus Poland 1473 1543 Universe Center
4. 4. 1600'sIsaac NewtonZach. JanssenEvan. TorricelliBritishDutch 1584-1635Italy 1608-16471642 - 1727Compound MicroscopeBarometer
5. 5. 1700'sGabr. FahrenheitJames WattCoulombDutch-GermanyScottishFrance1686-17361736-18191736-1806
6. 6. 1700'sLuigi GalvaniAlessandro VoltaFourierItalyItalyFrance1737-17981747-18251768-1830
7. 7. Inventions Over History CenturyInventions151516111720185019122202522150300 250 200 100 years 11 years150 100 50 0 15161718192021
8. 8. CenturyInventions1531641711831972034215060 50 40 3011 years20 10 0 15161718192021
9. 9. Re-routing
10. 10. Optical Fiber 18541880John TyndallAlexander Graham BellU.Kdemonstrated to the Royal Society that light could be conducted through a curved stream of water, proving that a light signal could be bentU.S.A U.Kinvented his Photophone , which transmitted a voice signal on a beam of light1880William WheelerU.S.Ainvented a system of light pipes lined with a highly reflective coating that illuminated homes by using light from an electric arc lamp placed in the basement and directing the light around the home with the pipes.1888the medical teamAustriaused bent glass rods to illuminate body cavities.
11. 11. Optical Fiber 1895Henry Saint-Rene1898David Smith1920John Logie Baird & W. Hansell1930Heinrich LammFrancedesigned a system of bent glass rods for guiding light images in an attempt at early televisionU.S.Ainvented his Photophone , which transmitted a voice signal on a beam of lightEnglandpatented the idea of using arrays of transparent rods to transmit images for television and facsimiles respectively.German medical studentassemble a bundle of optical fibers to carry an image. Lamm's goal was to look inside inaccessible parts of the body. During his experiments, he reported transmitting the image of a light bulb. The image was of poor quality
12. 12. Optical Fiber 195419611964Van Heel & Harold H. HopkinsElias SnitzerDr. C.K. KaoDutch & BritainU.S.AHong KongHopkins reported on imaging bundles of unclad fibers while Van Heel reported on simple bundles of clad fibers. He covered a bare fiber with a transparent cladding of a lower refractive index. This protected the fiber reflection surface from outside distortion and greatly reduced interference between fibers. At the time, the greatest obstacle to a viable use of fiber optics was in achieving the lowest signal (light) loss. published a theoretical description of single mode fibers, a fiber with a core so small it could carry light with only one wave-guide mode. long-range communication devices, the 10 or 20 decibels of light loss per kilometer standard
13. 13. Optical Fiber 197019751977Robert Maurer, Donald Keck & Peter SchultzUnited States GovernmentUnited States GovernmentU.S.Ainvented fiber optic wire or "Optical Waveguide Fibers" (patent #3,711,262) capable of carrying 65,000 times more information than copper wire, through which information carried by a pattern of light waves could be decoded at a destination even a thousand miles away. The team had solved the problems presented by Dr. KaoU.S.Adecided to link the computers in the NORAD headquarters at Cheyenne Mountain using fiber optics to reduce interferenceU.S.Athe first optical telephone communication system was installed about 1.5 miles under downtown Chicago, and each optical fiber carried the equivalent of 672 voice channels
14. 14. Microchip Jack Kilby U.S.A Robert Noice U.S.A
15. 15. MP Marcian Hoff U.S.A Stanley Mazor U.S.A
16. 16. WTEW'13 Scientific ResearchData mind-processing scientific vs ordinarySimple ApplicationLinear Algebra
17. 17. Data Processing Understand LevelsRejectPersuasionUnderstand
18. 18. Data Processing
19. 19. WTEW'13 Scientific ResearchData mind-processing scientific vs ordinarySimple ApplicationLinear Algebra
20. 20. Linear System Temp. (t)Dry level (d)Press. (p)Pasta out (y)Dough (x)After browsing the catalog we found the general relationship y = 0.75x + 0.1d + 0.2t 0.65p The maximum system performance found to be applicable at the certain relationship x = 0.7t + 3d + 0.86 p How to Solve ?
21. 21. Linear SystemAlthough the number of unknowns to be equal to the number of equations necessary to find exact solution to the system, but it's not mean that we can't solve the system without this happen as logically system with many parameters to be adjusted according to some general behavior condition (Equation) refer to actually infinite number of possible combinations of parameters to achieve the unique equation, Thus the last problem solution is more simpler than you think, this situation act more flexible than find five independent equations. You may find two or more equations contradict each other and result in no solution exist, it's similar to I told you that someone tall and short in the same way !!
22. 22. . ) ( . #_
23. 23. CountryRatio of dedicated money to the whole national productJapan3.1%USA & RSK2.6%Israel4.9%Egypt0.2%0.05 0.04 0.03Ratio of dedicated money to the whole national product0.02 0.01 0 IsraelJapanUSA & RSKEgypt
24. 24. CountryResearchers per MillionJapan5000USA4374Israel1613Middle East1366000 5000 4000 3000Researcher per Million2000 1000 0 JapanUSAIsraelMiddle East