Roman Republic Roman Republic

Rome Begins Rome Begins Romulus and Remus twins of Mars Romulus and Remus twins of Mars

and a Latin princess. Abandoned and and a Latin princess. Abandoned and raised by a she wolf.raised by a she wolf.

Developed due to its strategic Developed due to its strategic location and fertile soillocation and fertile soil

Latins- farmers and shepherds who Latins- farmers and shepherds who came from across the Alps settling on came from across the Alps settling on either side of the Tiber river, the first either side of the Tiber river, the first Romans Romans

Etruscans- skilled metalworkers and Etruscans- skilled metalworkers and engineers. Influenced Roman civilization engineers. Influenced Roman civilization with writing and architecturewith writing and architecture

Greeks- 50 colonies in southern Rome Greeks- 50 colonies in southern Rome and created contact between Rome and and created contact between Rome and GreeceGreece

The Early RepublicThe Early Republic Republic- government where power Republic- government where power

rest with the citizens who have the rest with the citizens who have the right to vote to select their leaders.right to vote to select their leaders.

Patricians- aristocratic landowners Patricians- aristocratic landowners who held most of the powerwho held most of the power

Plebeians- common farmer, artisans Plebeians- common farmer, artisans and merchants who made up a and merchants who made up a majority of the population majority of the population

Tribunes- an assembly of plebeians Tribunes- an assembly of plebeians elected to represent and protect elected to represent and protect their rightstheir rights

The twelve tables- established that The twelve tables- established that all free citizens had a right to all free citizens had a right to protection of the lawprotection of the law

Consuls- two elected officials, like Consuls- two elected officials, like kings who commanded the army and kings who commanded the army and directed the government directed the government

Senate- aristocratic branch with Senate- aristocratic branch with legislative and administrative legislative and administrative functions.functions.

Centuriate Assembly- made up of all Centuriate Assembly- made up of all citizen- soldiers and elected consuls citizen- soldiers and elected consuls and made lawsand made laws

Tribal Assembly- organized by the Tribal Assembly- organized by the plebeians, electing tribunes and plebeians, electing tribunes and making laws for the common manmaking laws for the common man

Dictator- could be appointed in times Dictator- could be appointed in times of crisis. Had absolute power to of crisis. Had absolute power to make laws and command the army make laws and command the army but only for 6 months, chosen by the but only for 6 months, chosen by the consuls and elected by the senate.consuls and elected by the senate.

The Roman ArmyThe Roman Army All citizens who owned land were All citizens who owned land were

required to serve in the armyrequired to serve in the army

Roman legion- made up of 5,000 Roman legion- made up of 5,000 heavily armed foot soldiers (infantry) heavily armed foot soldiers (infantry) and supported by cavalryand supported by cavalry