World History Review
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Transcript of World History Review
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World History Review
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Contributions of the Roman Empire
Aqueducts
Latin roots and prefixes
Concept of citizenship
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One of the reasons Rome fell was the empire had gotten too large to manage.
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Constantinople
The establishment of Constantinople as the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire shifted power to the east and away from the west and Rome.
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Muhammad
According to Islam, Muhammad was the prophet through whom God revealed his final message.
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Islam, Judaism, and Christianity
Islam is related to Judaism and Christianity because all three religions are monotheistic (believing in one God)
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Beliefs of Islam
Giving alms to the poor
Praying five times a day
Taking a pilgrimage to Mecca
Fasting during the month of Ramadan
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Muslim contributions to medicine
First public hospital
Encyclopedia of drugs
Description of diseases
First pharmacy school
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Effects of the Trans-Saharan Trade
Spreading Islam
Bringing economic growth
Increasing the gold and salt trade
Spread the Arabic language
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The Economy of Ghana
The economy of Ghana was dependent on the gold and salt trade.
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Mali had an advantage over Ghana because it used the Niger River as a trade route.
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Maya and Aztec similarities
Both the Maya and the Aztec civilizations developed accurate calendars.
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Defeat of the Aztec
One of the reasons the Spanish were able to defeat the Aztecs was Cortes developed alliances with the enemies of the Aztec.
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The Inca Empire developed in South America.
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The Inca believed their leaders were direct descendants of
The Sun God
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Reunification of China
After the breakup of the Han Dynasty, China became unified again because of the establishment of a central government
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China inventions
Paper moneyGunpowderThe compass
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Paper, Wood-block printing and movable type
The invention of paper, wood-block printing, and movable type in China contributed to the spread of learning.
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Government positions in Tang China
During the Tang Dynasty, a person who passed an exam for government positions could become a scholar-official.
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Japan
The Samurai in Medieval Japan were the military of Japanese society.
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The Rise of a Military Society in Japan
The rise of the military society in the late 1100’s in Japan was the result of the weakening of the central government.
Warlords came into more power.
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Bushido
The Bushido, the Japanese warrior code emphasized the importance of loyalty, courage and honor.
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Feudalism in Europe
Feudalism in Europe developed out of a need for protection and stability.
In the medieval period, the Catholic Church and monarchs often conflicted over power.
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Catholic Church Achievements
Founded universities
Created religious orders
Preserved the Latin language and texts
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The Magna Carta
The importance of the Magna Carta was it was one of the first documents to protect the rights of the people.
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The Crusades
One result of increased contact between Europeans and other cultures during the Crusades was the transfer of knowledge of science and medicine from the Islamic world to Europe.
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The Catholic Church
The sale of indulgences weakened the Catholic Church and led to the Reformation.
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Martin Luther
Objected to the sale of indulgences by the Catholic Church.
Said the Bible was the only source of religious truth.
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John Calvin
Religious leader of the Reformation
Main idea was predestination
God appointed the eternal destiny of some to salvation by grace, while leaving the remainder to receive eternal damnation for all their sins, even their original sin.
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Council of Trent
As a response to the Protestant Reformation, the Catholic Church did try to reform (change).
One of these changes was called the Council of Trent.
The Jesuit order was created.
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Printing Press
Invented by GutenbergAllows literacy to growHelped spread Renaissance ideasIncreased the availability of the Bible
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Leonardo da Vinci Accomplishments
Scientific knowledge of anatomy
Elements of geometry in his paintings
Painted the Mona Lisa and the Last Supper
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Who was the most important author of the Renaissance?
William Shakespeare – whose plays greatly advance literature
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Humanism
An intellectual movement that emphasized the worth and potential of all individuals
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What does the chart below show?
The Scientific Method
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The Scientific Revolution
Began in the 1500’s
Challenged old scientific ideas that the earth was the center of the universe
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Galileo
Galileo used his telescope to prove that the sun was the center of the universe.
This theory was originally created by Copernicus.
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Capitalism
The economic system the United States uses
Involves a free market system where the prices are set by the companies producing the goods