Low Carbon London_Climate Change Section at British Embassy Seoul
World Geography TodayChapter 14 Northern and Western Europe Preview Section 1: The British IslesThe...
-
Upload
irma-gilbert -
Category
Documents
-
view
220 -
download
0
Transcript of World Geography TodayChapter 14 Northern and Western Europe Preview Section 1: The British IslesThe...
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Northern and Western EuropePreview
Section 1: The British Isles
Section 2: France
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
Section 4: Scandinavia
Chapter Wrap-Up
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Read to Discover
• How has history affected the culture of the British Isles?
• Why are the cultures of Ireland and the United Kingdom similar?
• How has the British economy changed over the last 200 years?
• What issue has caused tension in Northern Ireland?
Section 1: The British Isles
World Geography Today Chapter 14
The British Isles
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Question
How has history affected the culture of the British Isles?
Section 1: The British Isles
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• 5,000 years ago, earliest settlers left their mark at Stonehenge.
• Later, Celts—the ancestors of Scots, Welsh, and Irish—occupied England.
• Romans arrived and built towns.
• Angles and Saxons came and drove Celts to highland Britain.
• Vikings raided and built coastal settlements.
• Norman conquest of 1066 brought French influence.
Section 1: The British Isles
World Geography Today Chapter 14
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Question
What are the similarities and differences between the cultures of
Ireland and Great Britain?
Section 1: The British Isles
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Republic
• Predominantly Roman Catholic
• Some Gaelic speakers
• Constitutional monarchy
• Predominantly Protestant
• Democratic governments
• English predominant
language
• Similar social life, sports
Ireland Great Britain
Section 1: The British Isles
Cultures of Ireland and Great Britain
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Britain industrialized by the early 1800s.
• It dominated global trade through much of the 1800s.
• By 1900 Britain had lost its dominance; mines and industries declined.
• Britain nationalized many industries after World War II; later privatized them again.
• Today the economy is strong: high-tech industries, oil and gas, services, tourism.
Section 1: The British Isles
Changes in the British Economy
World Geography Today Chapter 14
London, the capital of the U.K.
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Division between Protestants and Catholics has brought violence.
• Protestants are descendants of English and Scottish settlers. Irish Catholics are a large minority.
• Britain has tried to keep peace.
• 1998 agreement set up shared government, but future is unclear.
Section 1: The British Isles
Tensions in Northern Ireland
World Geography Today Chapter 14
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Read to Discover
• What is French culture like?
• What are some of the main industries in France?
• What challenges does France face today?
Section 2: France
World Geography Today Chapter 14
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Successive waves of migrants included Gauls, Romans, Franks, Vikings
• Strong identity united by language and religion
• Mainly Roman Catholic
• Concern about American influence
• Strong desire to preserve customs
Section 2: France
Features of French Culture
World Geography Today Chapter 14
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Fashion design
• Perfumes and cosmetics
• Jewelry, glassware, furniture
• Tourism
• Farming—Wheat, sugar beets, olives, grapes, dairy products
• World’s leading wine producer
• High-Tech—Aviation, communications, space technology
Section 2: France
Major Industries
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Question
What major issues and challenges does France face today?
Section 2: France
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Relations with former colonies, problems with
overseas departments
Integrating increasing
numbers of new immigrants into French society
Government’s influence over the economy; highly
taxed and regulated
Issues and Challenges Facing France Today
Section 2: France
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Read to Discover
• What historical ties do the Benelux countries share?
• What are the cities and economies of the Benelux countries like?
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg
• All once called the Netherlands
• Invaded by foreign powers
• Political and economic union after World War II (eventually led to the European Union)
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
Historical Ties
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Question
What are the characteristics of the major cities and economies
of the Benelux countries?
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Major CitiesBelgium: Brussels
Netherlands: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, The Hague
Luxembourg: Luxembourg
EconomyBelgium: industry, agriculture,
international business, diamond cutting, carpets,
chocolate
Netherlands: agriculture (dairy and flowers), diversified activities, many exports,
natural gas
Luxembourg: steel, international banking
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Brussels—Cosmopolitan capital; headquarters of EU, NATO, many international corporations; good transportation connections
• Antwerp—Second city of Belgium; key port
• Industry, agriculture, services for international business, diamond cutting, carpets, chocolate
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
Belgium
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Diversified economy—Agriculture (dairy, flowers), exports, natural gas
• Urbanized area (Randstad) includes major cities—Amsterdam (capital), Rotterdam (key port), The Hague (Parliament, International Court of Justice)
• Well-educated, productive populace
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
The Netherlands
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Capital—Luxembourg
• Highest per capita GDP in world—$36,400
• Traditional steel producer; international banking now more important
• Constitutional monarchy
Section 3: The Benelux Countries
Luxembourg
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Read to Discover
• How are the cultures of Scandinavia similar to and different from each other?
• What does the economy of this region rely on?
• In what areas do most people in Scandinavia live?
Section 4: Scandinavia
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Section 4: Swedish National Anthem
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Similarities• Religion mainly Protestant Lutheran• Most languages related• Democratic governments• Healthy, well-educated populations• Long life spans and low birthrates• Mostly urban populations
• Differences• Finnish language not related to others• Lapps a distinct culture
Section 4: Scandinavia
World Geography Today Chapter 14
T
• The Swedish Chef…
• Not really Swedish
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• High-tech industries and export-oriented economies, especially in Finland and Sweden
• Commercial agriculture in Denmark
• Forest products in Sweden
• Fishing in Iceland and Norway
• Hydroelectric plants, offshore oil and gas in Norway
Section 4: Scandinavia
Economic Foundations
World Geography Today Chapter 14
The Swedish bikini team….
Not really Swedish.
World Geography Today Chapter 14
• Most people live in southern parts of countries, where climate is warmer.
• 85 percent of Swedes live in cities.
• One-fourth of Danes and Norwegians live in or around capital cities.
• Most Finns live near Helsinki.
• People in Greenland and Iceland live near coast.
Section 4: Scandinavia
Settlement Patterns
World Geography Today Chapter 14
About those meatballs…..
• In Sweden köttbullar (meatballs) are made with ground beef or a mix of ground beef and pork, mixed with breadcrumbs soaked in milk and finely chopped onions. They are seasoned with white pepper or allspice and salt. Swedish meatballs are traditionally served with gravy, boiled potatoes, lingonberry jam, and sometimes fresh pickled cucumber.
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Swedish Meatballs….
• REALLY are Swedish!!!!
World Geography Today Chapter 14
Chapter Wrap-Up Understanding the Main Ideas
1. How did Britain control a vast empire? How is it tied to former colonies today?
2. How has Ireland’s economy changed in recent years? How have these changes influenced migration?
3. What features make Paris the primate city of France?
4. What are Belgium’s two language regions?
5. How is the population of Scandinavian countries distributed with regard to cities?