Work Study & Incentive System

8/7/2019 Work Study & Incentive System

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Work Study


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Work Study

y Work study is simply the study of work. It is the analysis of

work into smaller parts followed by rearrangement of these

parts to give the same effectiveness at lesser cost. It

examines both the method and duration of the work involved

in a process.


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Work Study

Method Study:

Examining a job & finding

More efficient methods to

Perform it

Time Study:

Determining the times

Necessary to perform a

Job & its element

Higher Productivity Improved Planning


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Objectives of Work Study

y To save time & cost

y To analyze the present method & develop new & improved

method of production

yTo increase productivity

y To improve the efficiency of work so that resources are

effectively used


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Benefit of Work Studyy Reduce the cost & time for manufacturing of the product

y Leads to production of qualitative products

y Improved layout

y

Better working conditions to employeesy Basis of rewards

y Provide better control & performance


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Components of Work Study

y Method Study

y Work Measurement


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Method Studyy It is the process of systematic recording & critical examination of

ways of doing a things in order to make improvement, in order tomake it more effective & efficient

Needs for method study:

i. Changes in tools & equipmentsii. Changes in product design or new product

iii. Changes in materials or procedures

iv. Other factors like accidents, quality problems etc


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Method Study

y Selection of the job

y Recording

y Examining

y Developingy Implementing

y Maintaining


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Process of method study

Select

Record

Examine

Develop

Implement

maintain

OK ?


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Advantages ofMethod Study

y Better understanding of method study

y Improved operator performance

y More safety less risks from hazards for health & assets

y Saves the cost & time


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Time Study

y It is also called work measurement. It is the application of

techniques designed to establish the time for a qualified

worker to carry out a task at a defined rate of working.


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Methods ofTime Study

y StopwatchTime Study

y Using synthetic time standards

y Work sampling


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y Stop watch Time Study : In this method, actual performanceis studied by collecting data while the workers are working &data so obtained are synthesized into the time standard.

y Using synthetic time standard : In this method work is subdivided into certain standard components for which the standardtime is available from the previously established time studies &these predetermined times are totaled with the appropriate

allowance to compute the standard time for a job as a whole.y Work Sampling : In this statistical sampling is used. It is a work

measurement technique where observations about work arecollected at discrete time intervals, either periodic or random.


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Steps in timestudy

y A job is selected

y Break up the job into units that can be measured more easily

y Total job as well as the smaller tasks are rated

y Average (standard times) are established


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Productivity

y Productivity is the ratio between the amount produced

and the amount of resources used in the course ofproduction

y Productivity is a measure of how efficiently inputs are

converted to outputs

Productivity = output/input


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MeasuringProductivity

y Total Productivity Measure

Productivity relative to all inputs

y

Partial ProductivityM

easureProductivity relative to a single input (e.g., labor hours)

y Multifactor Productivity Measure

Productivity relative to a subgroup of inputs (e.g., labor and materials)


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Exercise: Productivity

Two workers paint twenty-four tables in eight hours. What

is their productivity?

y Inputs: 16 hours of labor (2 workers x 8 hours)y Outputs: 24 painted tables

y Productivity P :

hourtableshourstables

InputsOutputs /5.1

16

24!!


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Productivity Growth Rate

y Can be used to compare a processs productivity at a given

time (P2) to the same process productivity at an earlier time

(P1)

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P

PPRateGrowth


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Productivity Growth Rate

Example:

y Last week a company produced 150 units using 200 hours of labor

y This week, the same company produced 180 units using 250 hours of labor

rategrowthnegativeaor

P

PPRateGrowth

hourunitshours

unitsP

hourunitshours

unitsP

%4

04.075.0

75.072.0

/72.0250

1802

/75.0200

150

1

12

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Work Study & Incentive System

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