WORK AT HEIGHT UNIT 4 - GOSH Groupgoshgroup.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/... · RESCUE AND...

WORK AT HEIGHT UNIT 4

The Working At Height Regulations 2005 define

working at height as:-

Any work above or below ground level where a

fall would result in personal injury.

These regulations apply to anybody who works

at height, manages or plans work at height and

those who control equipment for work at

height.

WHAT IS WORKING AT HEIGHT ?

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WORK AT HEIGHT REGULATIONS 2005

The Regulations consolidate good practice of work at height

The Regulations require:

proper planning and organization of work at height

appropriate supervision of work at height

appropriate work equipment selection and use

proper inspection and maintenance of equipment

emergency procedures and rescue provision

competency of all involved in work at height (trained, experienced, qualified)

The most Reasonably & practicable safest method of working at height should be selected

A balance between the risk, delivery and time line of work should be maintained

“EVERY EMPLOYER SHALL ENSURE THAT NO

PERSON ENGAGES IN ANY ACTIVITY”

“INCLUDING ORGANISATION, PLANNING AND

SUPERVISION, IN RELATION TO WORKING AT

HEIGHT OR WORK EQUIPMENT FOR USE IN SUCH

WORK,”

“UNLESS HE IS COMPETENT TO DO SO, OR IF BEING

TRAINED IS BEING SUPERVISED BY A COMPETENT

PERSON.”

WAH REGS 2005:- REGULATION 5

COMPETENCY

Competent to do what?

Planning / Management

Inspection of Equipment

Use, Installation or Erection of Equipment

Rescue

Suitability of personnel – physical ability and fitness

Essential for the competence of your work force.

Ensure the correct mandatory training is delivered for the

correct trade

Ensure records are kept, mandatory refresher training

undertaken at required intervals

TRAINING

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Fall statistics

HSE reports Falls are the biggest killer in the workplace

2006 = 247 deaths, 52 of which were due to falls from height = 21%






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Fatal falls in industry figures for 2011

Falls through Fragile surfaces/Roofs accounted for 17 deaths

Falls from Scaffold accounted for 12 deaths

Falls from Man- riding accounted for 9 deaths

Falls from Ladders/Stairs accounted for 8 deaths

Falls into Open pits/holes accounted for 6 deaths

Falls from Rope access accounted for 1 death

Construction - 29 = 54.7%

Services - 14 = 26.4%

Agriculture - 7 = 13.2%

Manufacturing - 2 = 3.8%

Offshore Oil & Gas - 1 = 1.9%

Across the UK there were almost 20000 absences over 3 days

resulting from a fall from height. 25% of these were regarded as

major injuries.

Is this acceptable behaviour today?

Oh really!!!!!

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Fatal fall from a heightOn the 7th of March 2008 a colleague observed the erection of a tower crane.

Noticing the lack of common sense on site, he approached the supervisor. The response was as follows “NO PROBLEM” - they are experts and have been doing

the same for many years in the UAE.

Coincidentally he took some pictures and at the end of the day there was a fatality.

Sometimes all of us need a wake up call to remind us, that over confidence due to the repetitive nature of the job and ‘experience’ overseeing safety

procedures and precautions can lead to FATAL results.

Please pass on to work colleagues and contractors alike.

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THE HEALTH AND SAFETY AT

WORK ACT 1974

Everyone involved in work of any kind must adhere to the

Health and Safety at Work Act 1974

Any breach of the requirements is an offence

The Act secures the health, safety and welfare of people at

work

The Act protects third parties against risks to their health and

safety caused by work activity

The Act states employers’ duties

The Act states employees’ duties

ANY BREACH OF THIS ACT CAN RESULT IN A FINE OR PRISON

Ensure that all work is carried out in a manner that is reasonably and practically safe.

Ensure that any person involved in each aspect of WAH is competent.

Ensure that equipment used is fit for purpose, controlled and traceable.

Ensure a plan for emergencies is in place.

So What Are Employers Duties?

HEALTH AND SAFETY AT WORK ACT 1974

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MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

AT WORK REGULATIONS 1999

Regulations apply to all workplaces and to all employees

including self-employed and employees of a third party

Adequate steps must be taken by employer to protect

employees

Employees must be informed about any health and safety risk

Risk assessment must be done by a group of competent people

and risk assessment must be recorded

Employee’s duty is to follow health and safety instructions and

arrangements

5 steps of Risk Assessment

Look for the hazard

Decide who might be harmed and how

Evaluate the risks and decide whether the existing precautions are adequate or whether more should be done

Record your findings where necessary

Review your assessment

The Working At Height Regulations and the Management of

Health & Safety at Work Regulations require any planning of

WAH should be done based on a risk assessment.

Selection of methods of work at height should be carried out

with respect to the potential risk due to falls.

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PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AT WORK

REGULATIONS 1992

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT REGULATIONS 2002

PPE shall be marked with a CE stamp

Suitable PPE should be provided by employer

PPE shall fit the wearer correctly

PPE shall be effective to prevent or control the risks

PPE should be provided with proper information, instruction and training

PPE should be kept in efficient state, maintained and stored properly

PPE should be regarded as the last resort of protection against the risks to health and safety

How do we plan working at height?

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HIERARCHY OF SAFETY MEASURES

AVOID

If you do not have to access don’t

PREVENT

If you can not avoid work at height use measures in place to prevent

potential fall so far as it is reasonably practicable. This might include

doing the work safely from an existing work place or choosing the

right work equipment to prevent falls

MITIGATE

If it is not reasonably practicable to avoid work at height or prevent the

fall then mitigate the effects of a fall - minimize the distance of fall and

impact on the technician body

AVOID

Is it completely necessary to carry out the work while at height?

Where possible you should design out the need to work at height for example:

- Loads can be pre-slung using long sling to avoid climbing on the load to sling it.

- Redesign process and sampling equipment to ground level, or build access platforms at construction.

- Fill voids so there is no fall hazard.

Can the work be conducted from an existing

place of work which has sufficient

protection, i.e. Is there edge protection?

If yes, Is this protection adequate?

For example will he need to reach over a

barrier, or stand on a guard rail to reach his

task?

PREVENT

PREVENT USING COLLECTIVE MEASURES

Collective measures are those that offer protection to multiple workers.

They often require minimal input from the user they are there to protect.

Consideration must be made to ensure that those required to erect and dismantle collective measures are not placed at risk.

Mobile Elevated Work Platforms

e.g. Scissor lifts, Mast Climbers, Cradles

BS8460 – Safe Use of MEWPS. Code of Practice

International Powered Access Federation


FORCE GENERATED IN A FALL USING A

2m WORK RESTRAINT LANYARD

4 m long fall with Fall Factor 2

Static rope or restraint lanyard

No energy absorption

generates:-

22kn or 2200kg force based

on a large adult of 100kg

IS THIS SAFE USE OF A MEWP?

What is this operative

doing wrong?

What could be changed

in his method of work to

prevent things like this

reoccurring?

Who is responsible?


EN13374:2004 –

Temporary Edge

Protection

Systems…..

Edge protection, e.g.

temporary hand rails

Temporary Working Platforms e.g. scaffolds and portable access towers

EN12811:2003 – Temporary works Equipment. Scaffolds

National Access and Scaffold Confederation (NASC)

Portable Access Scaffold Manufacturers Association (PASMA)


IS THIS SAFE METHOD OF WORKING?

What are the operatives

doing wrong?

What could be changed

in their method of work

to prevent things like

this reoccurring?

Who is responsible?

Soft landing systems such as safety nets and air bags.

MITIGATE USING COLLECTIVE MEASURES

METHODS OF W.A.H. USING PPE?

WORK RESTRAINT WORK POSITION FALL ARREST

WORK RESTRAINT

PPE restrict user movements

and prevent them to approach

the fall hazard

Effective technique provides the

highest level of safety

There is no risk of fall, no

suspension, no rescue but

evacuation system necessary


What is the operative

doing wrong?

What could be

changed in their

method of work to

prevent things like this

reoccurring?

Who is responsible?


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WORK POSITION PPE suspends the user in the work position Requires careful equipment selection and proper training Requires back-up system Requires rescue plan and rescue provisions

Rope access

There are 3 levels in the IRATA system.

1. No pre requisites but must be fit and have aptitude for heights

2. 1000 Hours carrying out rope access, + 1 year working as level 1

3. Further 1000 hours carrying out rope access + 1 year working as level 2.

The training is assessed by Independent IRATA assessor


What are the operatives doing wrong?

What could be changed in their method of work to

prevent things like this reoccurring?

Who is responsible ?



PPE does not prevent against a fall

PPE arrests the fall in a controlled manner and minimizes the impact force to less than 6kn or 600kg based on a large adult of 100kg

There must be adequate clearance distance below the user

PPE must be suitable for use

Requires rescue plan and rescue provisions

FALL ARREST


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INERTIA REELS MOBILE FALL ARREST FALL ARREST LANYARDS

FALL ARREST

LADDERS

Ladders are not banned but HSE encourage the appropriate

use of ladders

Industrial ladders or stepladders for use at work

Ladder can be used when there is no other reasonably

practicable method of work, they are often the easy way rather

then the right way to do a job

Short duration of work (maximum of 15-30 minutes work at a

single position)

3 points of contact (one hand free to grip the ladder, avoid holding

items)

Light weight nature of work (up to 10 kg is acceptable, up to 25 kg

must be justified, above 25 kg not acceptable)

Safe use of ladders?

RESCUE AND EVACUATION

When planning any work at height, provision for rescue / evacuation must be made.

This must be properly planned and practiced.

A rescue from suspension should be carried out within 10 minutes and before the emergency service response.

It is not acceptable to rely on the emergency services unless prior consultation with them has taken place.

What’s the risk? (Potential

death)

Who is at risk? (The operative)

When? (After a fall into free

space)

What is the risk? (blood pooling

similar to being buried)

How can it be handled?

(casualty should be placed in

the recovery position to help

oxygenate the brain)

SUSPENSION INTOLERANCE

WORK AT HEIGHT UNIT 4 - GOSH Groupgoshgroup.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/... · RESCUE AND...

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