Word Definition or accomplishment Picture/symbol

satrapies

satrap

Zoroastrianism

Cyrus the Great

Darius

Xerxes

Themistocles

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

RAP (left page)

Mapping Skills page 132Copy and answer questions 1 and 21. About 1,700-1,800 miles long2. It had conquered land just to the north and east of the

Greek mainland.

WIO (right page)Ch. 4 Sec. 2Sparta and AthensDate

Draw a diagram to compare and contrast Sparta and Athens. You may use any concept/diagram you would like. You must include at least 5 details about each city-state.

Ch. 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

RAP (left page)

Geography Skills page 134:Copy and answer questions 1 and 21. Salamis2. The Persians were deep in enemy territory and very far

from their supply bases

Now, using the maps in your ISN and the map on pages 132 and 134, draw or sketch a map of Greece and its surrounding areas. Label the following places:1. Persia2. Marathon3. Thermopylea4. Salamis5. Plataea

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

• Today it is southwestern Iran• Cyrus the Great: united the Persians

and began building an empire b/w 559-530 BC, merciful ruler

• 539 BC: Persians captured Babylon, northern Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, Syria, Canaan (Israel), and the Phoenicians

• Later leaders conquered Egypt, western India, and Thrace (north of Greece)

• Empire was about the size of the continental United States!!

• Built roads and road stations to keep the empire connected

WOW - notes

Persian Empire

The Persian Empire united a wide area under a single government.

Map of Persian Empire

PersianGovernment

• Large empire very difficult to manage

• came to throne in 521 BC reorganize government

• Divided empire into provinces called satrapies, which was ruled by a satrap

• Satrap served as tax collector, judge, chief of police, recruiter for Persian army

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Darius

• Persian soldiers paid to work full time

• Greek soldiers were volunteers only during war time.

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Military

Zoroastrianism

• Persian Religion• Founded by Zoroaster• Monotheistic – like Jews

believed in one God as creator and force of goodness

• Recognized evil in the world• Goodness triumphs in the end!• Some still follow it today!

WOW - notesCh 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

Why did Darius create satrapies?

The Persian Wars

• Mid-500’s BC: Persian controlled Greek cities in Asia Minor

• Athenian army tried to help them rebel in 499 BC, but Darius defeated them and turned his attention to mainland Greece

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

Both Sparta and Athens played roles in defeating Persia

WOW - notes

The Battle of Marathon

• 490 BC: Persian fleet landed at Marathon and waited for Athenian attack

• Athenians held back b/c they had fewer men

• Persians decided to attack Athens directly and loaded cavalry onto ships first

• Then Athens attacked the foot soldiers! Persians defeated!

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Another Persian Strike• Became King after Darius

died in 486 BC• Vowed revenge!!!!• 480 BC: launched new

invasion with 180,000 troops, warships and supplies

• Athenian general with a plan to fight Persians!

• Greeks joined forces• Spartan king served as

commander• Sparta provided soldiers and

Athens provided the navy

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Xerxes

Themistocles

Leonidas

Themistocles’ Plan

• Greeks knew the Persians depended on food shipments brought in by boat

• He wanted to attack those ships and cut off food supplies

• Had to stall the Persian army at Thermoplyae

• 7,000 Greeks held Persian army off for 2 days for Athenians to assemble 200 ships

Ch. 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

• Persians led around behind Greeks

• King Leonidas and some troops stayed to fight to the death!

• Greeks lost at Thermopylae, but gave the Athenians enough time to ready their ships

• Greeks attacked with their faster, smaller ships and destroyed most of the Persian fleet

• But Persian army marched on and burned the city of Athens (big mistake)

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

TRAITOR!!!

Straight of Salamis

The End of the War• Northwest of Athens• Greek resolve stiffened 479

BC: Greeks came together to form the largest army ever with better weapons and armor

• Greeks crushed the Persian army saving their homeland

• Persians then retreated to Asia Minor

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Plataea

The Fall of the Persian Empire

• Weakened by the Greeks• Had many internal problems• Empire remained intact for 150 more

years• Raised taxes and spent too much• Many rebellions made it vulnerable

to attack• Fighting over the throne (6 out of 9

rulers after Darius were murdered)• invaded the empire in 334 BC• 330 BC: Alexander succeeds and the Persian Empire falls

Ch. 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WOW - notes

Persia

Alexanderthe Great

HW: Finish your WIO. It must be colored!Due Friday Feb. 17th !Make an illustrated timeline for the major battles of the Persian Wars. It should include the following battles:The Battle of Marathon,The Battle of Thermopylae,The Battle of Salamis, and The Battle of Plataea

Ch 4 Sec 3: Persia Attacks the Greeks!Date

WIO (right page)

Must include:WhoWhenWhyResults

Battle of Marathon490 BCSparta and Athens vs Persia

490 BC486 BC

480BC 479 BC

EXAMPLE