Word BankWord Bank

DiaphragmDiaphragmArmArmBaseBaseStageStageRevolving nosepieceRevolving nosepieceLight sourceLight sourceObjectivesObjectiveseyepieceeyepiece

Body tubeBody tubeCoarse adjustment knobCoarse adjustment knobFine adjustment knobFine adjustment knobStage clipsStage clips

Cell OrganellesCell Organelles

Cell OrganellesCell OrganellesOrganelleOrganelle= = ““little orgalittle organn””Found only inside Found only inside eukaryotic cellseukaryotic cellsAll the fluid like All the fluid like substance between substance between the organelles is called the organelles is called cytosol.cytosol.Everything in a cell Everything in a cell except the nucleus is except the nucleus is cytoplasmcytoplasm

Cell MembraneCell MembraneBoundary of the cellBoundary of the cellMade of a phosphoMade of a phospholipidlipid bibilayerlayer

CytoskeletonCytoskeletonActs as Acts as skeletonskeleton and and musclemuscleProvides shape and structureProvides shape and structureHelps move organelles around the cellHelps move organelles around the cellTwo types of protein FilamentsTwo types of protein Filaments::

1.1.Microfilaments-Microfilaments-made up of actin, provide cell made up of actin, provide cell support and helps the cell movesupport and helps the cell move..

2.2.Microtubules:-Microtubules:-hollow structures made up of hollow structures made up of tubulins, help the cell maintain its shape and aids tubulins, help the cell maintain its shape and aids in cell division.in cell division.

Cell WallCell WallFound in Found in plantplant and and bacterialbacterial cells cellsRigid, protective Rigid, protective barrierbarrierLocated Located outsideoutside of the of the cell membranecell membraneMade of cellulose Made of cellulose ((fiberfiber))

NucleusNucleusControl center of the cellControl center of the cellContains Contains DNADNASurrounded by a double Surrounded by a double membrane called the membrane called the Nuclear Envelope.Nuclear Envelope.The Nuclear Nuclear The Nuclear Nuclear Envelope Envelope has pores that has pores that allow materials to move allow materials to move in and out of the cell.in and out of the cell.

NucleusNucleus

ChromosomesChromosomes are found in the nucleus, are found in the nucleus, they contain genetic information.they contain genetic information.The center of the nucleus is the The center of the nucleus is the NucleolusNucleolus..That is where the assembly of ribosomes That is where the assembly of ribosomes begins.begins.

http://www.biomanbio.com/GamesandLabs/Cellgames/CellExplorerAnimalCell.html

Endoplasmic Endoplasmic ReticulumReticulum

A.k.a. A.k.a. ““ERER””Connected to nuclear Connected to nuclear membranemembraneHighway of the cellHighway of the cellRough ERRough ER: studded : studded with ribosomes; it with ribosomes; it makes proteinsmakes proteinsSmooth ERSmooth ER: no : no ribosomes; it makes ribosomes; it makes lipidslipids

RibosomeRibosomeSite of protein Site of protein synthesissynthesisFound attached to Found attached to rough ER or floating rough ER or floating free in cytosolfree in cytosolProduced in a part of Produced in a part of the nucleus called the the nucleus called the nucleolusnucleolus

That looks familiar…what is a That looks familiar…what is a polypeptidepolypeptide??

Golgi ApparatusGolgi ApparatusLooks like a stack of Looks like a stack of platesplatesStores, modifies and Stores, modifies and packages proteinspackages proteinsMolecules transported to Molecules transported to and from the Golgi by and from the Golgi by means of means of vesiclesvesiclesVesicles Vesicles are used to are used to store and move materials store and move materials between organelles and between organelles and to cell surface.to cell surface.

LysosomesLysosomesGarbage disposal Garbage disposal of the cellof the cellContain digestive Contain digestive enzymes that enzymes that break down break down wasteswastes

Which organelles do lysosomes work with?

VacuolesVacuolesLarge Large centralcentral vacuole vacuole usually in usually in plantplant cells cellsMany smaller Many smaller vacuoles in vacuoles in animalanimal cellscellsStorage container for Storage container for water, food, water, food, enzymesenzymes, , wastes, pigments, etc.wastes, pigments, etc.

MitochondriaMitochondria““Powerhouse of the Powerhouse of the cellcell””- Makes ATP- Makes ATPCellular respirationCellular respiration occurs here to release occurs here to release energy for the cell to energy for the cell to useuseBound by a double Bound by a double membrane.membrane.

ChloroplastChloroplastFound only in plant Found only in plant cellscellsContains the green Contains the green pigment pigment chlorophyllchlorophyllSite of food (Site of food (glucoseglucose) ) productionproductionBound by a double Bound by a double membranemembrane

CentrioleCentrioleAids in cell divisionAids in cell divisionUsually found only in Usually found only in animal cellsanimal cellsMade of microtubulesMade of microtubules

Where else have we talked about microtubules?

Quick ReviewQuick ReviewWhich organelle is the control center of the cell? Which organelle is the control center of the cell? NucleusNucleus

Which organelle holds the cell together?Which organelle holds the cell together?Cell membraneCell membrane

Which organelles are not found in animal cells?Which organelles are not found in animal cells?Cell wall, central vacuole, chloroplastsCell wall, central vacuole, chloroplasts

Which organelle helps plant cells make food?Which organelle helps plant cells make food?ChloroplastsChloroplasts

What does E.R. stand for?What does E.R. stand for?Endoplasmic reticulumEndoplasmic reticulum