Wood Waste In Tennessee

An Evaluation of Generators and Users

Of

Non-Engineered, Non-Municipal Wood Waste

Solid & Hazardous Waste Conference

Gatlinburg, TN

April 30, 2004

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We Will Discuss:

• Kinds of Wood Waste (And Why Care?)

• How Much Generated

• How Much Used (Beneficially)

• Economics

• Regulations & Emerging Technologies

• Opportunities To Improve

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Kinds Of Wood Wasteand

Why We Should Care

• TN Survey Parameters

– Selected SICs

– Non-Municipal

– Non-Engineered

• Impacts

– Economic

– Landfill Space

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Kinds Of Wood Wasteand

Why We Should CareUnderlying Purpose:

Assist industry in assessing markets to reduce disposal costs and increase profitability. Support EPA’s Resource Conservation Challenge (RCC) & add to TDEC’s initiatives related to this policy’s emphasis on by-product utilization.

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Tennessee’s Wood Industries(In Order Of Wood Waste Generated)

Hardwood Dimension & Flooring Mills

Mobile Homes

Sawmills & Planing Mills Wood Products NEC

Wood Pallets & Skids Prefabricated Wood Buildings & Components

Special Product Sawmills Wood TV, Radio, Etc. Cabinets

Structural Wood Members Wood Office Furniture

Hardwood Veneer & Plywood Lead Pencils, Etc.

Wood Preserving Mills Wood Office & Store Fixtures

Wood Kitchen Cabinets Reconstituted Wood Products

Millwork Nailed & Lock Corner Wood Boxes

Wood Household Furniture Wood Containers NEC

84%

Most

Least

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How Much Wood Waste Is Generated

• 500,000 tpy – 1,000,000 tpy

• Largest Generators:

– Hardwood Dimension & Flooring Mills

– Sawmills & Planing Mills

– Wood Pallets & Skids

– Special Product Sawmills

146-page manual

Waste Management in the Wood Products Industries

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Where Wood Waste Is Generated

= Focus Counties With Wood Waste Generators(Counties in Blue/Dashed are largest employers in survey)

Relative Amount of Wood Waste Generated (Representing 75% of All of the Largest Generators):10 3 1 2 8 7 7 9 15 9 4

Relative Geographical Distribution of Wood Waste Generated in TN

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How Much Wood Waste Is Used Beneficially

• Potential Is 5,000,000 tpy

– Better number is 4,000,000 (excluding TVA)

• Largest Users:

– Boilers & Kilns In TN

– Horse Bedding

– Cattle Bedding

– Boilers In Nearby States

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Where Wood Waste Can Be Used Beneficially

Counties with one or more wood-burning boilers (permitted boilers)Source data is from Martin Toth, Chief Boiler Inspector

TN Dept. of Labor & Workforce DevelopmentDivision of Boiler & Elevator InspectionData current as of 8/15/03

Counties with one or more wood-burning boilers or kilns with permitted stacks (air permits)Source data is from J. Ron Redus, Environmental Specialist

TDEC - Air Pollution ControlMobil & Air Resources Management ProgramData current as of 8/20/03

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Where Wood Waste Can Be Used Beneficially

Where The Big Boilers Are

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Economics

• Kim Raia – CTAS

– GIS & WTRANS

• Load, Transport & Unload

• Tipping Fees (Or Not)

• Payment Or Charge

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CIS Wood Waste Analysis

• Software Used

• Transportation Model: WTRANS– The University of Tennessee’s Department of Agriculture Economics

developed a computer program called WTRANS, the Wood Transportation and Resource Analysis System. The WTRANS model estimates the cost of transporting wood residues in Tennessee between counties.

– Incorporated into the model are:• Labor costs for loading and unloading

• Hauling costs, including round trip mileage, driver’s wages, truck depreciation, interest and operating expenses

• Truck weight and volume capacity

• GIS Software: ESRI products: Arcview Network Analyst and ArcMap

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Economics – Mid-Size Generator – Short Distance

• Truss Manfgr.

• Ships 3,400 tpy Wood Chips 2-3 Miles To Boiler At College

• College Pays $15/ton

• Truss Manfgr. Avoids $288,000/yr Compared To Landfill Option

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Economics – Small Generator – Short Distance

• Pencil Manfgr.

• Gives 95 tpy Basswood Sawdust To Broker

• Broker Hauls To Horse & Poultry Bedding Users

• Pencil Manfgr. Avoids $6,000/yr Compared To Landfill Option

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Economics – Very Small Generator – Long Distance

• Furniture Manfgr.

• Landfills 35 tpy Scraps & Sawdust

• Furniture Manfgr. Could Avoid $1,074/yr If Ship 89 Miles To Boiler (Where Boiler Owner Pays $13/ton)

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Economics – Large Generator – Short Distance

• Furniture Manfgr.

• Ships 8,000 tpy Sawdust 10 Miles To Boiler

• Boiler Owner Pays $10/ton

• Furniture Manfgr. Avoids $630,000/yr Compared To Landfill Option

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Economics – Large Generator – Long Distance

• Tool Handle Manfgr.

• Ships 5,117 tpy Scraps 60 Miles To Boiler

• Boiler Owner Pays $13/ton

• Tool Handle Manfgr. Avoids $390,000/yr Compared To Landfill Option

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Regulations & Emerging Technologies

• Regulations

– “Clean Wood”

• New Technologies

– BioCycle® Renewable Energy From Organic Recycling Conference1

• http://www.biocycle.net/Conferences/Conference.html

1. Next conference tentatively in Des Moines, IA, Nov. 2004.

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Opportunities To Improve

• Recycling Markets Directory

• Tennessee Materials Exchange

• Incentives To Recycle

– To more fully support EPA’s Resource Conservation Challenge

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Summary

• TN industries produce 500,000 to 1,000,000 tons of wood waste annually

• Consumers of this wood waste have the potential to use as much as 5,000,000 tons annually

• Each consumer has a unique set of quality and cost parameters.

• Many generators seem to:

– Not be aware of potential cost-beneficial opportunities, or

– Not pay attention.

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More Info. + Contacts

• Final Report After July 1, 2004

– www.cis.utk.edu

• Richard Buggeln (CIS)

– Richard.Buggeln@tennessee.edu

• Forrest Bogart (Consultant To CIS)

– FBogart@msn.com

• Kim Raia (CTAS)

– Kraia@tennessee.edu