Wood Chemistry PSE 406
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Transcript of Wood Chemistry PSE 406
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Wood ChemistryPSE 406
Bioenergy-Hydrolysis
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Agenda
Enzymatic hydrolysis» Cellulases» Experimental
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Biomass
Pretreatment
Liquid phase
Solid phase
Cellulose
Sugars EthanolFermentation
Ethanol SugarsFermentation
Hydrolysis
LigninRecovery
Bioconversion of biomass to ethanol (hydrolysis)
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Enzyme Function There are a large number of fungal enzymes
responsible for the breakdown of each wood component. Each enzyme plays specific roles:» Endo-beta-1,4-glucanase acts within the chain,
breaking it into smaller units and providing more "ends" for CBH.
» Cellobiohydrolase (CBH), acts on the end of the molecule successively cleaving off the disaccharide cellobiose.
» Beta-glucosidase (or cellobiase) which cleaves cellobiose to two glucose units.
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Trichoderma reesei
Trichoderma reesei is an industrially important cellulolytic filamentous fungus.
T. reesei:» present in nearly all
soils and other diverse habitats
» favored by the presence of high levels of plant roots.
Trichoderma reesei
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Cellulases
Endoglucanases (EG) cutting the cellulose chains randomly
Cellobiohydrolyses (CBH) cutting cellobiose units of the ends of the cellulose chains
Binding domain Catalytic domain
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7 Pretreated substrate Handsheet Microplate
“Rapid microassay method (1)”
Pretreated substrate Flasks
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“Rapid microassay method (2)”
Handsheets
Microplate
Shaker
MicroplateReader
HPLC
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“Rapid microassay method (3)”
Advantages over the flask based method:» Faster processing time (10x)» Cheaper (enzyme and
substrate requirements 200x)
» Efficient (768 versus 30 samples)
» Smaller lab area required (30x)
Equipment and development cost (<$3,000)
Berlin, A., Bura, R., Gilks, N., and Saddler, J.N., (2005)
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Equipment
1mL 200 mL 4L
40L
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Enzymatic hydrolysis
0 10 20 30 40 500
20
40
60
80
100
C
ellu
lose
con
vers
ion
(%)
Time (hours)
corn fibre corn stover poplar