WJEC A2 Geology BGS Mapwork Exercises I.G.Kenyon.
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Transcript of WJEC A2 Geology BGS Mapwork Exercises I.G.Kenyon.
WJEC A2 Geology
BGS Mapwork Exercises
I.G.Kenyon
Quartz Dolerite
The Geology of Hadrian’s Wall
Describe the strike and dip of the rocks shown on the map extract
Outline, using map evidence the likely form of the quartz dolerite intrusion
N
The Geology of Wenlock Edge, Shropshire
N10
9
Describe the strike and dip of the beds shown on the extract above
Silurian Rocks
X
Y
Geology and Topography of Wenlock Edge, Shropshire
Cross section along line X-Y from the map on the previous slide
X Y
Boulder Clay
Using the geology map on the previous slide and the cross section above, outline the
relationship between lithology and topography
Wenlock Limestone
Periglacial Head
LowerLudlow Shales
Aymestry Limestone Upper Ludlow Shales
Clitheroe 1:50,000 Sheet 68 Solid & Drift
Describe the strike and dip of the beds in this box
Suggest reasons to explain the V-shaped outcrop pattern here
Ayr 1:50,000 Sheet 14(W) Solid
Describe and identify the fold structure within this box
Describe the likely form of the igneous
intrusion here
This fault dips South West, identify the type of fault
Exeter 1 inch : 1 mile Sheet 325 Solid & Drift
Basic igneous rocks
NCarboniferous grits and shales
Permo-Triassic breccias and
conglomerates
Using this slide and the next, try to identify the types of igneous features
Exeter 1 inch : 1 mile Sheet 325 Solid & Drift
Section along southern margin of the map of previous slide
Dolerite (D)
Carboniferous grits and shales
Perm-Triassic breccias and conglomerates
Tuffs
Basalt(B)
Identify the types of igneous features
Hexham 1 inch :1 mile Sheet 19 Solid
Identify the main fold structure in the yellow box, refer to dip and strike values, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
Okehampton 1 inch : 1mile Sheet 324 Solid & Drift
Line of cross section on next slide
Describe the outcrop pattern of igneous rock D and identify the type of intrusion
Estimate the width of the metamorphic aureole around the granite above
Granite
Okehampton 1 inch : 1mile Sheet 324 Solid & Drift
Describe the fold structure between A and B on the cross section below
A B
What map evidence is there to confirm that this part of the bed is overturned? How could you confirm this in the field?
LLandrindod Wells 1:25,000 Sheet 15/16 Solid
Describe the map evidence to suggest there is a plunging syncline and anticline on the extract above. In which direction are the folds plunging?
LLandrindod Wells 1:25,000 Sheet 15/16 Solid
This fault plane dips East at 76° Identify
the fault type
N
Harlech 1:50,000 Sheet 135 Solid
C D
Describe and identify the major fold structure along line C – D. Refer to strike and dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
This fault dips SSE at 70° Identify the type of fault
Wrexham 1:50,000 Sheet 121 Solid
Silurian
Carboniferous
Compare and contrast the strike and dip values of the Silurian (b)
and Carboniferous (d) Beds
This bed is a basal conglomerate, explain the significance of this with respect to the junction between the
Silurian and Carboniferous beds
What happens to the conglomerate here?
Brough-under-Stainmore 1:50,000 Sheet 31 Solid
E
F
Using map evidence, describe and explain the outcrop of the Carboniferous beds in the NE
corner of the extract
The Hilton Fault dips SW at 80° Identify the fault type
Brough-under-Stainmore 1:50,000 Sheet 31 Solid
Describe and identify the major geological structures shown on the cross section above
b = Ordovician d = Carboniferous e = Permian
f = Triassic
d
E
F
Lake District 1:250,000 Sheet 54°N - 04° West SolidPermian
Carboniferous
Ordovician
SilurianIdentify 2 unconformities on the map extract
Describe the likely nature of these
igneous intrusions
Lake District 1:250,000 Sheet 54°N - 04° West Solid
Shap Granite
CarboniferousPermianSilurian
Ordovician Ordovician
Identify 2 unconformities on the cross section above, use information from the previous slide to help you
Monmouth 1:50,000 Sheet 233 Solid & Drift
G H
Describe and identify the major fold structure along line G – H on the map extract
A
B
CIdentify the structures shown
in boxes A, B, C and D
D
Note-basal conglomerate
The Roaches & Upper Dove Valley 1:25,000 Sheet SK06 Solid & Drift
Identify the major fold structure in the box above, refer to strike, dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
The Roaches & Upper Dove Valley 1:25,000 Sheet SK06 Solid & Drift
Landslide
Describe and identify the major fold structure on the extract above, refer to strike, dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate. Outline
the likely reason for the occurrence of the large landslide on the map
Oldest bed
Church Stretton 1:50,000 Sheet 166 Solid
Dolerite
Describe the major fold structure in the
highlighted box, refer to strike, dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
Suggest, with reasons the likely form of the dolerite intrusion on the extract
Miller’s Dale 1:25,000 Sheet 17 Solid & Drift
Describe and identify the major fold structure on the extract above, refer to strike, dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
Bristol 1 inch:1mile Solid & Drift
Identify the major fold structure in the box on the map extract above
Describe the relationship between beds f6 and d2 on the map extract
Bristol 1 inch:1mile Solid & Drift
Describe and identify the major fold structure in this
area of the map extract
Bristol 1 inch:1mile Solid & Drift
Describe the relationship between the f6 Triassic beds and the Carboniferous
d1 to d3 beds on the extract
Describe and explain the nature of the
faulting in this area
Identify the major fold structure in this area
Pembroke & Linney Head 1:50,000 Sheets 244/245 Solid & Drift
Q
P
Describe and identify the major fold structures along line P – Q
Check your answer on the next slide
Pembroke & Linney Head 1:50,000 Sheets 244/245 Solid & Drift
Describe the major fold structures on the cross section above. Suggest areas where beds are likely to be overturned. What field evidence could you look for to prove some limbs were inverted?
Pembroke & Linney Head 1:50,000 Sheets 244/245 Solid & Drift
Identify and describe 2 major fold structures on the map extract, refer to strike, dip, symmetry and plunge where appropriate
Maidstone 1 inch:1 mile Sheet 288 Solid & Drift
Line of section on next slide
K
J
This fault plane dips S at 77° State the type of fault
N
Check your answer on the next slide
Maidstone 1 inch:1 mile Sheet 288 Solid & Drift
KJ
NorthSouth Reverse Fault
Hanging wall upthrown Footwall
downthrown
How could you calculate the throw of the fault?
Lands End 1:250,000 Sheet 50N 06W Solid
St.Austell Granite
Edge of metamorphic aureole
Describe and account for the shape of the metamorphic aureole around the St. Austell granite
Maidstone 1 inch : 1 mile Sheet 288 Solid & Drift
Describe the drainage pattern shown in the North and Eastern part of the map
Swansea 1:50,000 Solid Sheet 247
Identify the main fold structure, refer to dip and strike, symmetry
and plunge where appropriate
N
This fault plane dips WNW at 67°, state the type of fault
Swansea 1:50,000 Solid Sheet 247The Grovesend Fault
dips East at 40°
This fault dips west at 47°
Identify the structure between these 2 faults
Identify this fault structure
X
Y
Swansea 1:50,000 Solid Sheet 247
Cross section along line X-Y on previous slide
Describe the major fault structures on the cross section below
Coventry 1:50,000 Solid & Drift Sheet 169A
B
Describe the strike and dip of the coal seams in boxes A and B
Account for the variation in outcrop pattern of the coal seams
in boxes A and B on the map extract
Coventry 1:50,000, Solid & Drift Sheet 169
Describe the map evidence to support the idea there is an angular unconformity within highlighted box A on the extract above
A
Newton Abbot 1:50,000, Solid & Drift Sheet 339
Describe and account for the drainage pattern developed on the granite on the western side of the map extract
Granite
Newton Abbot 1:50,000, Solid & Drift Sheet 339
Granite
Dolerite
m = metamorphic aureole
Give 2 pieces of map evidence to show that the granite intrusion is younger than the dolerite on the extract above
What type of intrusion is represented by
the dolerite?
Newton Abbot 1:50,000, Solid & Drift Sheet 339
Dolerite
Black Shales
A major quarry is located in box A above. Outline 2 problems that the local geology may present to the quarrying activity.
A
75
Newton Abbot 1:50,000, Solid & Drift Sheet 339
Impermeable Breccia
Permeable Sandstone
Periglacial Head Gravel-Permeable
Landslip
Outline the factors that may explain the formation of the landslip shown on the extract above
State the map evidence for these
beds being horizontal
The End