Wiring Power Meters

Ben Kemink

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Subjects covered:

to re-wire an incorrect NEGATIVE average power situation.

to connect Single-Phase, Two-Phase , Three-Phase-Three-Three-Wire and Three-Phase-Four-Wire loads.

to connect safely measurement transformers between the loads and power meters.

more about the magic of the virtual ground box

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Why ring?

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i

u

Source Wiring Load

Make a drawing

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Positive “DC”

+

-

I

U

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Negative “DC”

-

+U

I

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Always: First Connect the Current !

i

u

i

v

+

-

Wiring Sequence

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Correct Connection

The sign of the current is positive, when the current flows from [I] terminal to [±] terminal inside the powermeter shunt.

The sign of the voltage is positive when the voltage of the [V] terminal is higher than [±] terminal.

I

V

i

v

+

-

I

V

i

v

+

-

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v

i

p

Pavg

v

i

p

Pavg

The voltage source increases and the current also

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Incorrect Voltmeter connection

v

i

p

Pactive

The power meter displays negative value for average power.

I

V

i

v

+

-

The source voltage decreases but the current increases.

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Incorrect Current meter connection

If the power meter displays a negative value for the average power, one should refers the voltage connection.

v

i

p

Pactive

I

V

i

v

+

-

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Connect CURRENT METER if possible in RETURN WIRE

Return wire is at lower voltage than “HOT” wire,

after the voltage drop in the load.

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Wiring Single-Phase Three-Wire

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Wiring Three-Phase Four-Wire

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Wiring Three-Phase Three-Wire

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Wiring Yokogawa Three-Voltage Three-Current

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The Only Correct Way to Measure the Phase Voltage!

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THREE PHASE SYSTEMS Artificial Neutral

Justification that Ptotal correct is with Virtual Ground Box

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Single-Phase Two-Wire, with PT & CT

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Single-Phase Three-Wire, with PT & CT

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Three-Phase Three-Wire, with PT & CT

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Three-Phase Four-Wire, with PT & CT

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Thank you and success!