WINTER MAINTENANCE ALL AROUND THE YEAR · 2014. 7. 30. · 2 City of Vantaa, Jyrki Vättö 4...
Transcript of WINTER MAINTENANCE ALL AROUND THE YEAR · 2014. 7. 30. · 2 City of Vantaa, Jyrki Vättö 4...
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WINTER MAINTENANCE ALL AROUND THE YEAR
APWA: International Congress and Exposition 2014Toronto, Ontario, CANADA18th August 2014
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Jyrki Vättö (M.Sc.)Maintenance ManagerCity of VantaaFINLAND
WORKING EXPERIENCES:Graduated 1988, 1995, 2001, 2006
Helsinki PWD, Development Engineer, 2000 - 2004Helsinki PWD, Maintenance Engineer, 2004 - 2012City of Vantaa, Maintenance Manager, 2012 - ->
Introduction
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TOPICS:1. GENERAL2. WINTER MAINTENANCE3. SNOW DUMPING PLACES
* places, innovations4. STREET DUST
* problems, solutions5. STREET RESEARCHES
Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
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1. GENERAL
Something about Finland And little more about Vantaa
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Finland
FINLANDInhabitants: 5.454.400(Canada 34.717.000)
WE HAVE• Area of 390.905 km2 (130.641 sq.m)• 188.000 lakes and ponds• Only 4% of land area is inhabited• 68% forest and 9% fresh water• Sea area 13% and cultivation 6%• A quarter of Finland's territory lies
within the Arctic Circle. • Midnight sun (max. 73 days at summer)• Polar night (max. 51 days during winter)
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City of Vantaa (Latitudes)
60o17´40´´N / 25o02´25´´E(Toronto 43o42´N 79o24´W)(Nice/FRANCE 43o42´N 7o16´E)(Mt. Logan 60o34´N 140o24´W)
Inhabitants 208.310 (Helsinki 614.000)(Toronto 2.615.000)
We have• Finland´s main airport• Finnish Science Centre (Heureka)
We are• Finland´s 4th biggest city (inhabitants)
• Finland´s 17th smallest city (area)
Vantaa
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Winter in Finland:- Snow covered from December to April (Vantaa: DEC-MAR, about 100 days)- About 100 days below 0oC (32 oF) in Southern Finland - It could be even -30 oC (-22 oF)- Normal climate in winter -10 oC … +5 oC- In Northern (Lapland) much more (even -35 oC … -40 oC)- Northern wintertime lasts about 200 days (about mid-October to early May)
Summer in Finland:- Normal summer climate is fairy and +20oC (68 oF)
Weather conditions in Finland:- Springs are dusty, summers are fairy, autumns are rainy and
winters are snowy
General info about weather of Finland
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HELSINKIFINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE
MIN (2013) MAX (2013) T. (av. 1981‐2010) RAIN (av. 1981‐2010)
oC oC oC mm
JAN ‐22,6 3,3 ‐3,9 52
FEB ‐9,4 6,0 ‐4,7 36
MAR ‐18,4 4,3 ‐1,3 38
APR ‐5,9 12,9 3,9 32
MAY 2,1 22,6 10,2 37
JUN 9,0 28,6 14,6 57
JUL 11,3 25,6 17,8 63
AUG 8,6 25,5 16,3 80
SEP 0,3 20,3 11,6 56
OCT ‐3,1 14,4 6,6 76
NOV ‐7,0 9,4 1,6 70
DEC ‐10,3 7,8 ‐2,0 58
Monthly temperatures in Helsinki
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Snow cover in Finland (average date 15.3.):
Yearly rainfall in Finland (average 1981-2010):
Weather conditions in Finland
Vantaa 55 mm / month(average 1981-2010)
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2. WINTER MAINTENANCE
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According to the Finnish Legislation(Act on the Maintenance of Streets and some Public Areas)
- Responsibility for maintenance and cleaning belongs to the City and Real Estates
- City: winter maintenance of streets- Real Estates: winter maintenance of pavements and streets
cleaning at summers
- The City can, if it will, take some or all responsibilities to belongsto the City
- The City can, if it will, demand (some reasonable) compensationfor those services
- VANTAA HAS TAKEN ALL RESPONSIBLES TO ITSELF AND DON´T ASK ANY MONEY FOR IT (all maintenance services are paid by taxations)
Street Maintenance in Finland
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Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
SanitationWinter maint.Repairing
Responsibilities:
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1500 kms (940 miles) streets and light traffic paths= 874 km driveways, compinated light traffic lanes 506 km and pavements 132 km
230 bridges 140 traffic lights and 35.000 streetlights squares, parks etc.
Materials per year:- Grit 14.000 tons (average)- Calsium chloride 400 tons (average)
Equipments: max. 100 units
Street Maintenance in Vantaa
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Maintenance Unit´s yearly costs about 14 M euros: - Winter 7,5 M€ (9,8 M USD, 10,5 M CAD)- Sanitation 2,0 M€- Repairing 1,2 M€- Lights 1,1 M€- Energy 1,5 M€- Others 0,2 M€- Administration 0,5 M€
~ 1,60 € / m2
One of the cheapest in Finland
Incomes:- Permits 0,1 M€- Snow dump 0,3 M€
Street Maintenance in Vantaa
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I mass transport streets II busy traffic streets III residential streets
Street´s Maintenance Classification
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I mass transport streets
II busy traffic streets
III residential streets
STREETS I II IIIPloughing SNOW 5 cm SNOW 5 cm SNOW 8 cm
(Sundays 8 cm) (Sundays 8 cm) (Sundays 10 cm)
start 4h start 4h start 12h
Slush away SLUSH 3 cm SLUSH 3 cm SLUSH 5 cm
ready 7.00 am ready 7.00 am ready 7.00 am
Slippery start 3h start 3h start 6h
ready 7.00 am ready 7.00 am ready 7.00 am
PAVEMENTS A B CPloughing SNOW 5 cm SNOW 5 cm SNOW 5 cm
(Sundays 5 cm) (Sundays 8 cm) (Sundays 8 cm)
start 4h start 6h start 6h
ready 7.00 am ready 14.00 pm ready 14.00 pm
Slush away SLUSH 3 cm SLUSH 5 cm SLUSH 5 cm
Slippery start 3h start 5h start 5h
ready 7.00 am ready 10.00 am ready 10.00 am
CLASSIFICATIONS
Street´s Maintenance Classification
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Arsenal for the Winter Maintenance
Own arsenal:East and West bases
- Ploughs- Loaders- Lorries- Graders- Sweepers
Two private contract areas:- Hakunila (R.Siven Co.) 2012 – 2015 (options to 2017) - Korso (RTA-Companies Ltd.) 2013 – 2017 (options to 2019)
Rented arsenal:- Loaders- Lorries- Sweepers
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Influences of Winter Maintenance
Yearly material damages:- Street surfaces are failed- Trees are damaged- Curbs are lost away- Power boxes are damaged- Pylons are bruised- Fences and mailboxes are broken
Yearly accidents:- Slippery accidents- Car damages
about 150 reclamations per year=> 100 accept cases
total 100.000 euros
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3. SNOW DUMPING PLACES
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When snow is falling down it willbe plough away from streets,paths and pavements.
We don´t smelt snow at any way.
Snow will be plough to edge of thestreets.
Before long the free area of theedges are filling and snow must becarry away to snow dumpingplaces.
Snow dumping in Vantaa
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• Vantaa does not- use salt (just at all)- have any heating systems on roads or pavements- have any other snow melting systems
We have to carry snow away from streets
Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
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BLUE = in used (3)YELLOW = reserve (1)RED = under planning (1)
Two of three are based on the nature hills.One has built on the asphalt field.
Snow dumping in Vantaa
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Long time average 14.400 loads per winterWinters 2009 - 2013 average 44.124 loads
Winter 2013 – 2014 only 1000 loads
1988-1989 5 5001989-1990 4 7001990-1991 4 0401991-1992 4 3481992-1993 3 7351993-1994 11 6681994-1995 10 1841995-1996 11 7841996-1997 9 2611997-1998 5 3191998-1999 21 0951999-2000 4 7492000-2001 5 8552001-2002 9 3582002-2003 7 9462003-2004 18 5972004-2005 17 8502005-2006 9 2772006-2007 7 6002007-2008 1 3202008-2009 9 3022009-2010 53 0972010-2011 48 4422011-2012 36 7112012-2013 38 247
Transited snow loads in Vantaa
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VANTAA
Snow loads in Helsinki
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YESTERDAY IS HISTORY AND TOMORROW IS MYSTERY
February 2013 25.2.2014
Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
Koisotie´s (Vantaa)snow dumping place
in 2013 and 2014
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• Snow dumping places are not near any residential areas• Snow can melt in all peace during the spring and summer
• Iced and frozen snow melts quite slowly• At some dumping places we have to break snow banks by front loader
• During the summer or not later than at autumn we clean all dumping places
Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
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HELSINKI YEAR 2005:
• We had a situation where one important snow dumping place had to close down for a new residential area
• It was necessary to find some other place for downtown´ssnows
• But there was not any empty land areas for it and it was notallowed to dump (dirty) snow to the Sea anymore
• ”Development team” thought many several alternatives, until…
Case Kyläsaari (Helsinki)
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HOW ABOUT IF WE WILL…
recycling old water treatment plant´s two digestion tanksand dump and melt a snow there ???
Fotosnapsfrom 1970´s
Case Kyläsaari (Helsinki)
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We plan to fix two 28m deep old digestion tanks and fill these by”warm giveaway” water. Outfall pipeline from present watertreatment plant to the Sea was already done and it runs nearby.
Dump the snow to the water tanks.
Direct the meltedsnow to the sea.
At least +5 oC (41 oF)
We have a new modern watertreatment plant nearby (2 km)
Case Kyläsaari (Helsinki)
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Dumped snow is melt by cleaning wastewater
OU
TFA
LL
TU
NN
EL
System was built during years 2005-2006 and ”dumping tanks” was ready for use for winter 2006-2007.
Case Kyläsaari (Helsinki)
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In principle: Snow is melting on the water
Case Kyläsaari (Helsinki)
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Other innovations and plans
HOW TO MANAGE THE SNOW IN THE FUTURE ??
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Helsinki will use stored snow for central cooling system
Distribution network
BuildingsCooling and water tank
Cooling station
Undergroud snow store
Choice to the seawater
Future plans for use the snow
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Helsinki will store the snow to the cave
Snow Smelting Cave(HS 5.5.2014)
Building Costs estimated 10 M€
Smelting by central heating(and cooling) return water
Future plans for snow
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4. STREET DUST
Winter influences
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DIMENSIONS:Hair 0,05 mmDust 0,01 mm
Street dust
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During the winter studded tyres crushand powder road surfaces and grittingsands about 300kg/kilometer.
At springtime the traffic raises dry dustup to the air.
SurfacingSanding gritRoad saltSalt/MineralsOtherUnnamed / Not classified
Street dust
Consist of the street dust:
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SAND PAPER EFFECT:
Street dust
Stutted tyres powder gritting sand and asphalt
FRICTION TYRES (21 %):
STUDDED TYRES (79 %):Stutted tyres causes more dust than frictiontyres
Friction tyres lifts easier dust up from the surface of asphalt (= suction cup effect)
Friction tyres press itself tighter to the surface of asphalt and when wheels are rounding theybelch the dust up to air.
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Air quality monitoring stations at Metropoli area.Limits: PM10 50μg/m3/ day 35/year (thoracic particles)
NO2 200μg/m3/ hour 18/year (nitrogen dioxide)
Limit crossing situation just now at Tikkurila:PM10 3 kpl (xx, 82 and 53 μg), NO2 0 kpl
Last year (2013) crossings at Tikkurila: PM10 4 kpl, NO2 0 kpl
Street dust
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Methods:- Keep streets clear
- Try to start streetcleaning as early at springas it is possible
- Spread CaCl2 to bind the dust on the street
- Use always water duringthe street cleaning
Street dustWhat we can do to minimize the street dust ?
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Street dustPlanning directionsto minimize the street dust:Malli ilmanlaadun huomioonottamiseksi suunnittelussa
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Development of air quality at Metropolitan area[yearly average on μg/m3 ]
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Street dust
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We have ONLY street dust !
Beijing 22.2.2014 Paris 14.3.2014Changsha 14.1.2014
Pollution problems are different things
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• Sniffer car• Redust (Air Quality Research)
5. RESEARCH
Winter influences:
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The Sniffer Car
Research
Owner: the Metropolia University of Applied Sciences
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Redust (EU-Life project)
Measuring at Vantaa
Same kind of measurings aremade also at Helsinki and Espoo
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Redust
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Redust
• The second international REDUST seminar will be held in Helsinki on September 30th 2014.
• In the Helsinki region the street dust situation has generally improved during the recent years
• In the seminar there will show conclusions of this four year project • There will also hear some updates from Sweden and Norway on the
field of street dust issues.
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• Surface monitoring on streets
6. RESEARCH
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Measurings:
� Profile of the surfaced road is measuring by laser radars which situatedon the rack of front bumber.
� Location datas are downloaded by GPS
� Videos are taken by car roof camera(s)
Profile measurement of surfaced roads
Research
Measurements suit the best to the I and II class roads wheretracks and other unevens make problems.
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Profile measurement of surfaced roads
Research
Easy to prove to politicians the Present state and the Reparation dept
Results:
- Street data
- Repairing plan
- Paving program
- Yearly monitoring
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Early Winter or Unusual Summer
Summer solstice 21.6.201422.6.2014 (@ HW 1)
Hailstorm and sleet
4 cars drove out 13 person injured
(1 seriously)
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Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
Hard waterrain inJyväskylä 14.7.2014
The winter is notthe only problem …
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Winter Maintenance All Around the Year
Finland 10.-12.7.2014
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THANKS FOR
YOUR ATTENTION !
EMAIL: [email protected]: www.vantaa.fi
Winter MaintenanceAll Around the Year