Winning Chess Tactics

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W Chess

s

assr Srawa

ith Jeremy Silman


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Published by Everyma Pblishes pc, fomey Cadogan Books pcGouceste Masios 140a Shaesbury Aveue Lodo WC2H 8HD

Copyght © 2003 Yasse Seiawa

All ghts eseed. No par of the cotens of this boo may be epoduced stoed i etea system or asmitted i ay form or by ay meas electroc elecosttcmagetc tape photocopyig recordg or othewse without por pemssio of thepubliher.

Btish Lbrary Catalogung-inPucation Data

A cataogue ecord for ths boo is aailabe fom the Btsh Library

ISBN 85744 333 0

Dstbuted i Noth Ameca by The Globe Pequot Press PO Box 480 246 Goose Gufod CT 06437-0480

Al othe saes euie hould be dected to Eeyma Chess Gouceste Masos40a Shaftesbry Aeue odo WC2H 8HD

Tel: 020 75397600 0207 3794060Ema: [email protected] www.eeymachescom

EVERYMAN CHESS SERIES (formery Cadogan Cess) Chief Adviso: Grry Kaspao Commsssiog ito: Byo Jacobs


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ofk


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........

... ........

Ackowemts

Itct

Contents

PART atis and ominations

CHAPTR NE

CHAER WO

CHAR HR

CHAPR FOUR

CHAPR FIVE

CHATR SX

CHAPR SVEN

CHAPER GH

CHAPER N

CHAPTER TEN

CHAER VN

CHAPR WELV

CHAPR HREEN

Deftos

h Doubl ttack

The Pin

he Skewer

Kng actics and Combnatons

Deflcon

Batte on a Ope Fle or Dagonal

The Powe of Paws

The ecoy

Clarance Sarfce

X-Rays ad Wndmlls

Zwschenzug

Othe Knds of Draws

PAR 2 Great atiians and eir Games

CHAPR OURN

CHAPR FN

CHAER SIXEN

CHAPR SEVENEN

CHAPR HEN

CHAER NN

CHAPER WENY

Adol Anderen (18879)Paul Morphy (1837884)

Rdo Spla (188942)

Fran Marshal (877944

lexaner Alekhine (89946)

Mhal a 9699)

arry Kaspaov (96 )

9

35

47

51

7

79

89

99

05

1

7

19

35

145

5

57

16

175

85


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I CE TAIS

PART 3 More ests and Sotions

CAE W-E Ba a

CHAP WWO Ava Cat

CAPE WE ral Ca

CA WFO lt t fr at 1

CAE WNFV t t fr at

Glor

Index

199

201

203

05

3

235

249


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AcknowledgmentsOne agan I am muh ndebted to the many people who laboed wth

me on th eo Tan to Mhael Fane or upplemenl text and

nhng touhe and to E Woo o eagle-eye pooeadng and ed

oral ggeon And o oue than o all the ol a Moo

and Onlne Pe who aw th boo through ompleon paculalyT Powe-Haumann Joye Cox Powelon Dean Home and

Stoo. You wee a ter


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Introduction

In my rst book, Wiig Ch I discussd the isto of chess andintoducd the basic rules nd statges of e gme. Teaching chess to

beginners is an exerci in creav e teacher can go about te tsk

in myriad ways Some teachers mght explain the les and how the pieces

move and then use te world's grea chess gams-espeially their onas examples Others mght focus on how to play certain openings or how to

chckmate. Tough al of tese meods may eventaly lead to an under

stnding of the bascs some meods produce Quicker results n others

In P Wiig Che I chose te most direct path I broke down the gameof chess into its four elements-force me spac and pawn stcture

and showed how these elements cn be combined to produce a number

of prncples of play-prcples dedued m studying thounds of

master games Understnding the four elemets helps you understnd themoves of te masters and inspires you to foulate plans of acton in your

own games.

Aer youe graspd the bascs i's me to go to the next level of chess

and elor the world of tccs Ony then c you lly appreciate thebeautul combnaons at a mastery of taccs alows you to ceate

Wheras teaching beginerleve chess tks c teachng tcics is

a matter of conveyng classcal knowledge e teacher c packge thisknowledge and spin it out a vare of ways but the knowledge is bas

caly te same

Wii Che Tcic wont teach you ying about tactcs dcombinations that he chess world doesnt alredy know However Ive

ound that acessig ths knowedge about thes concepts can be nyhing

but easy . Few of te books that teach combinave ply explan tactcs and

combinaons n an insucve manner e rare excepons tnd to be for

advanced layers makng a study of s subject rather dicult for hose


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I CSS TAS

wth less expeece. tis book, I dvde actcs o themes which I thoougy expla ad ilustrate Eac capte stats out wh a diussio

of he basic foms of the heme and pogesses o creasigly moe

complex examples Ts teacig tecique aows fo easy eaig at te

owe evels bu aso cotues istctio ght up to he mase class. My

goa is o ege bege ad touaet playe aike!

Teacg fo suc a age of playe stregh as is dawbacks Fo

exaple I do't stop to expla eve cess tem tat I eed to use ad as

a esul beges will ave t a itle touge ee tha i he st book I expec you o ave some basic cess knowledge I paicular you soud

kow the followig:

• How the pieces move

• Te ues of he game

• How to ead ad wrte algebrac chess otatio

• How to cout the force (e vaue of the pieces)

• Basic cess temology• Te four eemets of chess ad thei associated pncipes as

expouded i P Wiig Che

Fo lowe-level playes who migt stumble ove the chess tems i tis

book Ive povided a glossay My advce s to avoid skppig ove tems

that you ae ufamiiar wih Lok them up Take the tme to udestad

each tem and youll be abe o take this book i stde

A wod about temology of a diere so Tigs ave't caged muc i the chess wold sice I woe Wii Che a year ago Chessplayes come all coos sas ad sizes bu hey ae s ovehe

igly mae tis book Ill cotue efe o cess playes as he.Hopefuly the stuato w someday dieet

I stogly ecommed a detaied study of he maeia i these pages

fo any aspg cess playe Ae al as ice as it s to admie he astic

combiatos tat the grea chess playes have gve us ts much moe


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tdc

stsng to create em ourseves! And I hope ths boo wll be he toolthat aows you ts satisfacton.

he you are studying accs and combnatios, you mght nd your-se spendng ong hours alone hddled over yor chessboad As soo as you're ready I advse you to get out and test your slls aganst those ofother chess enhusasts Tough readng s boo w not guarantee that

you wn t mght start yo on your way to a champoshpTe spor of chess s remarkably well orgaed; ct very few spos

have such a large nteaonal etor of players Lca clbs states andnaoal federatons organze club champonshps sate champonshpsand atonal champonshps A scorng system of 1 pont for a vtory \pontfor a draw and pots fo a oss allows contestants to graduay atanMasr Internatoa Master and Gradmster stats Te 46 naonafederatons ncludg e Chess Federaon a belong to the FdatonInternatonale des checs (DE) whch orgazes te Wold Champonshps Te ord Champoshps are cotested for mllons of doars nfac the pre fud for the 993 Word Champonshp math s $4 mo

jo your loca clb enter ad w tournaments and who ows youmght manage to bag yousef a champoshp

Happy huntg!

Yasser Sawanae Wasngon


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Tcc dC

This pa is the meat of e book. Aer dening and combnaions, I

bak them down into themes thatI explain brey beore oering examples

that illustate he "how to ad "why Most of these examples ae faily

basic but casonally I thow i someng more dcult to show how the

smplest actic c be combined with anoer and yet another produce

something mnd-bogglng_

I a example is no clea to you, go over it many mes. I you

continue to daw a blak go oer he secon agan and agan ad again unti

your raw papercugers can't aer page, your bloodshot eyes

only the hazy oulines of chess boads, ad you begin wish you had neer

aken up e spor of chess! (Hmmm Perhaps I should get out of the

chess business ad sa a new career as a dl segeant!)


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CHAR N

D

I

kow, denions borg. You'd pbab just as on skip them and

jump righ into a few juicy games. Be patient. We get to the games

and some of hem are beautie n enough. But beore we deve inoe world of ctcs and combinaons we shoud begin by dening em

Fo some stange reason these ems m to cause consion. Just what

ae actcs and combnatons? Supisng coming up with a sactory

denion o these commony used chess tems is more dicut an one

mght suppose.

aicChess is a gme o re where wo ope pit their wts by mobizingei pieces and deveoping pans based on sch eements oce (te

numerc vale of the vaous peces) e (the eciency wi which the

pieces ae deveod space e eri conoed by each payer and

pawn scture Good pyers ike to pck stegy nd oow it to its ogc

concusion Unfonatey theye oten hwted by a sge randomizing

facor known as cicTaccs can bot suppo you own sategy and desoyyou opponents

strategy They take the wind out of genea stategic pans becuse hey

have the power to competey and advantgeous change ay stuaon.

Thus we ave at tis denion o ccs:

Tci meve e e i


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accs and Conatons

Fo ple, suppose your neighbo has invted you fo dinne and aeveg of chess. You've enjoyed a pous banquet and the game has

been aced wth heady amounts of . Yo neighbo must now face you

guilotne. Unde no ccumstances do you want to lose You sratgy is to

conol e cente and pepae an inexoable Kngsde assaut ho ca

argue wth the pnciple of such an appoach? Howeve n the mddle of

the plan you opponent engnees a Knight fok that picks up one of you

Rks. Youe busted and you game fls apar A bliant sategy

weked by a simple Kght fok hee dd you make you mske? Youae e vcm of a tacc Clealy you have lots to le

Convesely you ca use taccs to you advante Tey can at as an

ear wng system that pevents your opnt om indig on you

plans cks of his own. you wok ough the lessons in is book

you come to ealze at ccs are acay the guad dogs of sategy

By stayng on top of the tacca possiles, you able to defend

yoursel aganst you opponent's tactcal foays and foce h to follow the

sategic path you want hm to tead.

ombination the classical chess lteae the has been emendous diseement

as to e e meanig of e tem cmitiSuey the Wod ChampionEmauel ske (he enjoyed a 27-yea eigne of e longest n histoy)

should kow what a combinaon is! Lets take a look at hs houghts on the

subjet: e re insnces whch te playe detect a vaaton, or setof varations. which leads desible issue by foce e otity of

esevaaons ad ei ogica connecons eir scure ced a

combinaon

kes deion has seveal poblems howeve rst hs sle is ponde

ous ad does not pomote an easy undestandng of e tem. Second he


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CAE O Dii

consides combinaions to be ae occuences, which is not a le case.Combinations of some sor can be ond in he mjri o maser gamessometimes in the moves actay playe and ofen in he vaiations idden

beind those moves id Lske ils o menton hat all combinations

include a saciice Fouh and peaps most impota, he claims a

combinatons necessaily lead to a "desiable issue by foce eavng o

any possibility a a combinaion cold fail and lead to he oss of the gam

at about a sitation in wic yo ave a cea advanage, a beail

combinative idea, and a a peect deense om yo opponent you ind you advanage devaued o plain eqaity? s an unsond combinaion no

longe a combinaton simply because it is awed? Ceainy no!

is tendency to ignoe e pssibii o incorec combinaions aso

mas tis otese excellent denition oeed by forme Wod Campion

M Botinnik A combao a oced maever or maever combed wh a ac

ce a a e o whc te acve e a a objecve advae

Note Botinnik's use of te wod re He is saying tha te maiageo a ocing seies o moves wih a sacice makes a combination Thisdefinition is easy to ead and ndesand but s sho o te mak becase

o the ew wods "gains an objectve advantage

Bildng on te eors o tese great men I oe is simple denition:

A mii rie mied wih fred equee fmewhih expi e peuiriie f he pii i he hpe fiig eri g/.

So we ave managed to deine beas b does tis deinition make

it easie fo you o ecognize a combinaion? ot a al To develop a

eelng o combinations, we mus beak them down ino types ta yo

can famiiaize youself w discuss eac type in deai in te capes

that olow


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PART 1: acc a a

Recognizing Tactic and ombinationTwo autors Gandmastr Yu Avrba and Intatona Mastr Jrmy

Slman hav wttn nsvy on tactcs and combnaons. Two books n

atcula Avrbaks Ta f the Aane Playe (Sorag Brln986) and SimansHw o Rae You Che Davno inkrs Pss986) suggst usfl shortcuts tat mak it asr to rcognz siatons

wr tactcs and combnaons might s Ls look at som o s

auhors hois

Aveba' Rles of RecogniionAvbak consdrs tat amost al combnaons ar basd n som way on

a doubl attck

If we ad he e "doe aack a broade ee ha ha bee

doe p o ow by heoreca aey o ere a a wo-poed

aack b a a coao aack ad hrea we oce ha hedoe aack oe for o aoher he ba o o acca

oerao

At rst I didnt want to agr wth such a simld vw bt h mor I

tought about it t mor snsibl Avrbaks tory soundd.T doubl

atack is trmndosly mot ad I commnd that yo snd a good

dal o tm going ovr t xamls o doubl aacks n ChatrTwo. Onc

you hav mastd t matral tr and hav movd on you wl notic

tat t combinations in latr cas also invov dobl atacks whch

sms to conrm Avrbaks or

Silmans Rules of RecogninSiman nsists tat combinatons cannot xst wout on or mor o

ollowng rsnt

• A waknd or on) Kng. Wn a Kng has oor awn covr

has no dndrs or s otis wak a combination is rob

ably in t works


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C N ints

• A stamatd Kg Wn a King has no lgal movs tatis thatprodu hk as slt hkat

• Undfndd p (not pawns) An ungadd pi s sub

jt o dston b a doubl attak or fork

• Inadquat gadd ps Suh a p appas to b af

but a suddn doub aak c pla th pi jopad baddng anothr atakr

If ou ot o or mo of ths tos on th boad Silman otnds

that o should ook fo a ombation Howr f o of ths fators sprsnt t is doubl that a ombaton wil matriaiz

Wll that it for th dnitions It wasn't s bad was t? Now ou nd

to ta ouslf to spot ombnatons How do ou do that La th ta

ti prstd n th book gan a thorouh undrtadng of th doubl

aak hm, and pati Snan's Rus of Rontio You will thn b

a vr dangrous oppont!


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CHAR wo

Th Du Ack

Adouble atack as e name impes, is n atack aganst two piees

or pws at e same e Beginning playes quickly e at a

smple atck against a sngle eney pece or pawn c easily be counteed in a vae o ways beer ateve is a smultneous attackagainst wo pices or pans only one o whch c deended by e opnen o is the basis o muh o e pl n chss

Aough some ers main that a doube ack u nvove o

deret pieces I aso consider oks (acn wo pies o pawns with

just one piece or pwn) be double acks s p wel take a look at ee es o double atack:

Discoveed atacks Forks

tacks by a pawn

e doble atack is a tacc dt qua as a combinaon o tworeasons st, a double atck c be one move opposed to a seres omoves; and cond, a double atck dsnt necessaly invoe a sacrce

Mny oe acc hem invoe doub atks; thee themes are sdied

in later chaptes Here, welook at e double attack n its puest os.

Dcovered Ack discoveed atack is essenal an mbush Heres a genera denion:

Qee Rook r ihop i i wit o tht it c ttck wheother piee or pw ofit ow oor move ot ofit w

Lts look at some eamples.


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PA : s ad Comaos

IARAM . Wht t pay. ARAM . Whte play.

Dagam 1 sws a smpl but cla ampl o a dscvd attac

Wt mvs s Bsop wll cat a dscvd ac o t Blac

Qu wt t Ro o Hwv mvs Bd3 B3 do't

accmps muc bcaus Blac wuld sdstp s Qu t sa d6o f6 s s w t dubl atac cms ad B plag 1a6

Wt cats a dscvd aac o Blacs Qu ad aso aacs s

Ro c tatg w pcs at c wt o mov

At u av gaspd t pcpl a ampl t ca b stctv

t cag pst a bt t s w t cag acts sult

Dagam I, w wuld pug t Bac b6·paw b7 ct t tat?

Wat f t Blac R w o a8 stad o c8?

Dagam 2, Blac as w Kgts (6 pots) vs a R ad a paw6 pts) ad appas to b dog wll Uoatl bot Kgts a

uddd (Rmmb Smas Ruls f Rcogt m Capt O

Wt cats a dscovd aac wt 1Ke3 Suddl Blacs d8-Kgt

s atacd b Wts R ad t 3-Kgt s tad b Wts

Kg Blac to s sow, s ocd to pat wt a Kgt

As Dagam I, Wt as t cac Dagam 3 to at a

dscvd aac t Blac Qu b mvg s Bsp ut o t wa


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w h oul ack

o his Rok Quie mves lk LB3

r .Bc3 don' ak advanag of h

situaon (no doub aack) b

caus Black would mly mov his

Qn o ay wh . Q r

...Q Howvr, Whi can aack

Qun and Bihop on 7

wh h upng Bg5 (.Bb4!

accompish am hng) Nr

mally such a mov is mposbl b

caus h Bishop is haning o boh

h h-pawn and h Bshop on 7

bu n i cas he dicovrd aackIARAM 3 Whie pay

on Back Qn by h Rk mak h Bhp a aactv db r

.Bg5! Back has o mak a dicu choc culd mv hs Qn o

say wh Q8 bu hn h poin o 1.Bg5 would b obvou: W

woud b aackng h Bshop on wh b his Qun and h Bishop

whi Back woud b dfndin hs Bhop ony once wi hi Qun Tn

wh h simpl 2Bx Wh woud pck up a pic or (a gan 3

pons). Ahough mos playr ha o pa wh h Qun a muh br

mov r Black is . .. Bxg5! 2.d8+ 8 Tu, Back oss h Qun

9pons) Bu in rurn h gans a Rok and a Bishop or a oa pns).

i down ony 1 pon and can s pu up a tough h

hr anohr ssibiliy h sion (Aways rmmbr h

words h gra Emanu sk: "Whn you a good mv k or a

br on Sound advc. Inprncd plays hav a ndncy o mak

h rs move ha oks good) nsad o h song Bg5!, W mh

aso considr 1Bh6 Ti mov wns a pawn I poin) bcaus t Bshop nvnab du o discvrd aack n Blak Qun. Ths aa

v i an amp o a pur dscovrd aack. no a dou aack

bcaus nly on Black pc h Quen) hrand.


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acc a a

AAM 4. Whi t ply.

Te position n Dagram 4 sdencal to that n Dagam 3 wthtwo excepions: Whte's Queen stson f3 nstead of e2, and Blacks Rookss on bS nstead o a. s Bg orIBM st a good move? No! Black snow able to step out o harms way wth Q because 2Bxe7 Qe7

leads oly to an even trade o pecesTe bg derence beteen s and he prevos dagram s a result ofthe Whte Queens ston on e2.Prevousy she joned n e atck

agaist the Bshop on e. Because IBg5 now ls to yeld any advantageWhte s beer o playng eer Bxh6 whch wins a pawn or the songe.B4 whch creates a dscovered atac on the Queen and an addtona

aack on Blacks Rok on b. Aer .B 2B Whte endsup wing an Exchan-a Roo or a Bshop or Knghtor a 2pontadvanage

Dscoveed CTe most eectve o dscovered attack nvoves checkg he eemKg s ype o dovered attack s even sroger ncludes a doubleattack. Because o he chec the opponent s helpless to prevent e other

atckn pece or paw om devouring ts vctm Lts oo at a ewples o dovered checks

we do nothng but count ponts the poston n Dagram5 appeas tobe vey ood or Black Hs Queen 9ponts) ougns Whtes Bshop on a1(3 ponts). However nstead o counng pons look carelly at he poston. When We atacks the Black Queen wh .N4+, Back cant movehs Queen to sae because Whites move also unleashes a dscovered


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C wO h o k

AAM 5 Whe10 py IAAM 6 Whe10 y

aack by the White Bishop agas the Back Kng. is discvered check

is Back's doom. He mus ge ou of check wi 1, whereupon Wiecalmy eats the Back Queen wih 2Nx2. Whie nw has an era piece

and a commading 3-poin advanageDiagam shws anher eampe f a crshing discoveed check

atck Wh pays he kamikaze lB7+ checking he Black Kng ad

uncoverng the Rook whch now thraens e Back Quen. Black wud

deary lve ake te unproeced We Rook w I...Qd+ bu he rs

won e him eave his Kng in check. Pr Back is forced t pay 1 h7aer which 2x6 picks up the Back Queen and gives Whie a maeria

advantage

By nw you prbaby reaize a it is n a god idea eave your Queenoppsie a Rk no mar hw many pieces ae beween them!

One f he gdg saegic prncpes of chess is

nyou ar aha in matrial it a oo ia to mak n tra.Why? Bcause e num of pies yu e on e ds eve impoce o a a adageeven of on a


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: s Cb

i i

AGA t py.

•

For exampl i Diagram 7, Back isa pawn ahad and wod k to x·

chag pic. I h atmpt o

forc a edng whou Quns

Black plays Ld6 s hs a good

mov? By atackng Wit' Rook

Black hops ar somthng ik

2.4 or .R to xchag Qs.

Unornaty for Back .N6 s

a bdr! H has orgotn tha hs

Q is compty dndd.

(Rmmbr Silman Rls o Rcog·

o) h 2e Wit pas

h Rook on a hops sqar bt hrby aows h Wit Qn o

covr a atack on it contrpa on d5 Back must gt ot of chck bt

ar h captr osv Rook wth 2 Nxe or 2 xe Whit

snaps o th Back Qn wth 3Qxd5 or a h 3pont matal ad

vaag 9or th Qn vs for th Rook p 1 for th xra pawWa Back wong to wa o tad pics o b h wn abo i

ora way T corc ro is th simp . .. Nxe3 bca hen

2.Qx3w av Black wh a soid xtra pawn. o that Wht dscovered

chck actc no logr work To 2.?? Black responds wth 2 xe

1n 3Qxd5 a to 3 Nxd5 bcae e Knght on 3 s pocg

Backs Qn According to an loqn od nd o mn h mora of

th sor s

Don eae you uunpoee mh e hoppe os mpora o o hat h svn boad postos wev lookd a so

far ar impl traton o a tactca hm Diagrams and 7 alo or

s or r gimpss of combiatons Dagram 7, w saw a sacrc-

.R8-ha d o a orcd pons. Black had to g ot o chck so

Wi achivd hs goa of caprng h ndfndd nmy Qn.


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CHAER w u

uble Cheche most powe type of discoveed attack is the ub hk. is peof check tends to be ve stong because it checks the King with to pieces

Te King i forced to move and the enem a is thu ozen fo at least

one move

n Diagam 8 Wite is a pawn aead, but apas to be on e vege of

defeat because his Rook is pinned b e Black Bishop e Back cape

Whites Rook Back wl be the one with the edge in mateia Whites

soluton to te pin is LBd6! double check (Don'tfoget tat a pinnedpiece is sl abe to check!) Black would ove to captue e Rook o Bishop,

but his Kng is being atacked b to pieces, ad he ca't chop o bo the

oendes at e same tme Blacks best epl i L en 2Bxcbeaks the pin and leaves Wite wi an exra piece and pawn

Diaga 9 is a sill but phic exape of a discoveed aack tned

into a doube check Black is so aead in matea tat one would expect

White give up ad do someing moe enoabe with his time Howeve,

instead of esigning, White pas L, and wonde of wondes themove poduces double check ad mae!

AAM . Whi py AAM 9. Whe py.


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PRT 1: actis nd ombnon

Now tha you undersand e basics of discoveed atcks and double

cecks, give you the oppotuniy o y to gue ou some tccs on you

own. he s ew tess n e next secton be easonaby easy, bu ey

wi ge hade In act some o em ae vey ad Don' get discouraged

you don't ge al the answes! Insead, jus ea, do you best and stdy

e souions gven in Chape Tweny-Fou

TST 1 Is Backs move Whie as given Back

the cance capue is pawn on g2 wh Rg2

s ths a ap? Shoud Back munc e g-pawn?

ST 2 W matea even in a bong endgame

is game seems destined o a daw But actics

can be used in te mos innocen seings s

Whtes o pay Can e wn matea?

S 3 Back's game apas o ne He as

peny o space fo s amy, e Back Bisop is

moe acve an s counepa, ad e Back

passed pawn on d4 is soidy deended Is

Whes u o pay ow can e u the bes?


26/250

wO h ol k

ST 4 It's White's move. His Bishop is pined it moves Whites Rook wi fa prey t Backs

Quee-and his Rook is acked by the Bishop

on As a resut, Back is eelig pre gd

about imse eems that Whies best cance

is .Rd c6 2.Bb3 Qxd+ 3Qd d1 4Bd

Bb2 leaving Back wth an ea pawn fr the

eig Can yu d aythi beter or White?

ST t's White's t to play Backs Queenad Rook are putig fmidabe pressure on the

efle Wite must wory about he e3pawn beg

waowed wit check and the a Back Knigt

skig to the e e4square Can you nd te

move that throws these psitia csideratis out the widow?

ST As I mentioned taccs and combatosae the foudation of cassica cess pay I ad t

rmmage hrugh te dustier pa of my ibra

fr ths psitio wch is te cocusio ofa study

by a gied chess "composer A Troitzky i 86!

(Studies are compositions that igigt uusua

tctica temes.) I this study White as a etra

pawn ad is oe sep away om queeig U

fraey, is Rook is i he way, ad any moveby the Rook will alow Black t capture the pawn

wth ..xa7 I White es protecng tepawn and threateing to move the Rook Back

w case he White Kig away wth .Rb

2Kc7 R1 puig White back in te same unfor

tuate situatio Can Whie wi by creating a

discvered ceck?

1


27/250


28/250

C w e oble k

Knight ForMo bgnng payr v ar o my Kg. Hovr

yo m o dy Kg' r ay o movg, yo

no a Kg a vr aa qar o o drn oor a

am m. T odg a omm om n andy n yo ar

oong r o p yor m n a o Kg a

Ba o Kg' a ay o oppng aond board,

bgnnr ar o a by rpre ad d mve vm o a

Kg or Hr ar om xamp agam 10 or on vn b W ag ao

dramaay 7+, orng bo Kng and Roo Ba m

mov Kg ao28 ad p W aad by a o Roo

T poo agram 1 1 rvov aod am m W

7, W aa o a or Ba pbo Roo

Kg ad Qna am m! (A or a aa Kg and

Qn ad a rol frk.) I'v bn vm o o og.

W app o yo do' bom "Kg pob Iad ondr a o ad ad r r o dd yo aga

pob

IA . Wh pay IA . Wht t play


29/250

PA 1:

1

DARAM 2 W ply DARAM 3 W ply.

Bishop FoksIn Diagram 12, Black has a material advantage, but it poves to be shor

ved. With x+ White creates a fork-a double attack o both teBlack ng and igh After 1K7 x4 Black thinks he hasrecovered sasfactory because he is ony down pointo minor pics

(6 points) vs. on Rook 5 ponts) But his horor he oices tha a ew

fork has been created! Now his Rooks on b ad h are bot under attck

ad one must be lost. is second fork shows that a fork does not always

involve a check: A pieces are nerabe

R Foks iagam 13 Wie shows at e knows how to use his Rook to ork with7. Ater 1K 7 he Rook has gobbed a ight Wite'smatea advaage shoud ead to an easy icto


30/250

CHAER TwO: The Double k

IAAM 4 Whit t play AM 5 Wht play

Queen FoBecause te Queen moves e a Roo and a Bshop sads to reason tha

te Queen ca fo le eher of he pees, w even geae eec Fom

te poso n Diagam 14 he he Qeen wl show he power and erore e whoe Blac amy he aas wh l6+ (no ete

s ...Kd 2QxgS+ 3) 2 s Roo s he fors st payo

27 Wi 3Qb7 We a ew or ha w add the Bishop he Quees feas. er 36 4 hie enjoys a 2·pont ad· vanagee Queen ad a paw 10 ns s a Roo ad a Kigh 8pons).

K on Dagam 1, Bac is atcing he e Monach, so he King mus

move o ge o of che Te neposion Rc3?? would ose e Roo

However te ca tu the aes wh !, y which te Wite ng

canges om e hued to e hne s for meas e cea capure

of eite Bacs Knigh or Roo Bac wold e we advsed o save his

more valuae Roo As s exampe shows even te saey King ca fo

oher hapless peces


31/250

P 1 Tactics and Comao

F as CombinaionsNw tat y ndersnd e fr as a actc, we ca tae the next step and

see hw ts tcti ca be changed nt a cmbnatin In Diagam 6 Wite

can tae advanage f Blacs nprtected Bshp and hs checable Kg

Wt lQc2 Wite wins te Bshp n c6 becase Blac mst get hs

ng t f chec befre e ca d antng else

Nice ad smple Lts increase te dcly level a bit wit te pstn

in Diagram 17 wic is simila t te ne n Diagram 6 Here Blac's

Bisp is sill nprtected n c6, bt tis ime hs King is saer Wte cldtry fr a r wit Qc creatng a dble aac n g6 and . Hwever,

Blac cld ten defend hmsel wit eter Qe8 whc gards bt c6

and g6 r te retreat Be8 Clearly, White needs t e a mre frcefl

apprach Te crect mve s 1B6! wereby Wte saciices a pece

t create te psitin in Diagram 16 e mptant wrd here s eae. Agd player desnt jst sit arnd and tat a acic w mateialie; e

ses evey means at hs dspsal t mae t happen Blac nw ces a

decisin If e desnt ae Wites Bishp t retreat t safey, havingenjyed its pawn snac After 1 2Qc2+ Bac lses his Bshp nc6 and ends p dwn ne pawn n e Qeen endng

DAGAM 6. We py. DAGAM . Whie 10 play.


32/250

CHE w The oule tk

s xamp a sacrc gai a pa is k apetite combinan

(a sma cmiai) caus i ivvs nly r mvs u sm

cmas ivv vr a dz mvs a aur may yps c

cs. (W discuss s grand comba ar) ug t dy

kdg a cal "css as ma mdus sds

as 10 yars au cmians as rmad ssiay

sam. T aa i ic payrs 1 cu r quas

mdday masr is i cminav pay caus imagiat ad ca

cuaig aiiy rar a ica dg d say i kgdm cmias.

a a k a Diagams 18 a 1 Diagam 18 a simp Kig

rk i Nc7+ 7 2Nx5 as apur a pa as i

Diagam 19acks Qu ds c-squar prvnig a Kigr

Hvr Wi ca u a cmmn ra ack Qu aay

m c ad a k k pac ar . Wi gis x5

x5 avig c ud 2N7 rag a ya rk) 2 7

Nx5 Wi gais is Qun i a npa advaag

cmpa Diagams 18 an 1 agai Wy as psi i

Diagam 18 asir pay a n Dagam 19T ras is msty

psycgica Wv aug gv Qu aay ad ur

DIAGRAM 8 . Wie ay DARAM 19 Wie o lay


33/250

P s d Como

ds clap sh aher tha conside he possibiliy of saccg thsvaabe pece. Does his elcace o sacrice ea ta yo will ever

ase cbinaons? Will y have o go hogh hos of branwashing

hypnoss o bea dow hese ea barres Of cose ot! A large

pat of chess sl s pae ecogiton, ad as yo becoe ore ac

qanted wih he basc actca os yoll nd i easier o ceae cobina

ons he c is to isae ad desad he vaios s oacics. Oy

hen wll yo be abe to p he a ogehe o azze-dazze yo snned

ppoenHees anoher exape In Diagr 0 Blac s dow a paw b he

has bee cong o hs posion o bing icy phaly

playg 1 xb3 he oos hs oppnen i he eye ad ashes a wesie e ove certay loos powefl. o ony does i w bac e

paw b Bac's Kight ow fs Wie's Roos Uotaey o Blac

the ove s acaly aw. Wie cay slides his Bisho o he iddle

o he bard wh 2Bd5+ ae which i becoes apparet tha Bac has

waed t a oe pote ! Blacs sie s o a ow ad hehags hs head in esigao He has o lose his Kight becase getng

ot o chec overdes al ohe cnsideaos.

DAAM Ba ay

Iage a te sad loser he

poso i Diagra was sg by

te eves he seed i a gae

He was a good sdent of chess

thgh, ad he ade a po o eve

fag io he sae rap wice Afew wees ae he is faced wh he

poso n Dagra 1 and has

ahe chance o chop o a b3-

paw. eelg vey wse, he es

tha .b3 wod be a terbe

bde becase o Bd5+. How

eve, he siple ..Nb3 sees sae


34/250

CHAER w h Double k

enoug becuse e Rook on d3

pevents te ude Wite Bshop

om checing on d5. Agin e co

dey pys 1 N?? d gne s teted to uck dose of s

ei.M2 Bd

e ony ste horo Tt

but Bsop ppers ve per

son grudge gns m Whe

Wi ces e Bck Rook on thene move Bck esigns he ge

becuse es now dow pece for

pwn (2 pos).G 21. ay

Les come two moe postio D he orks te Kng

nd pw with d ten 2 e stion n

grm 23 is dentic to tht of e do of te

Kigs. Ts ddiion seems to mke Bu the te

Rook's cs g5 is bocked, nd B h f e g4pwnHowever, Esy Steet s jus n uso 4 ows Wte hs

ig cec on g5. e 1 N4 2 ck oses pwn.

ARAM 22 Wh y ARAM 23 e t a


35/250

PA : acc and Cobao

DM 2 Bck t y.

-

DM 2. Bc y

,

L

In Diaga 24 Back pece ae oundng W' King, bt Bak

os a ardna s. W 1 R+?? e aks a k wtout on-sdeg onquncs sp 1.Rc3 wod ave bn a sronger

ove) te' King ows is u w 2! and ake ona wia of Backs atakng pi Back s focd o giv up it i Rook

Kngt or Bisop and gos on o o ga.

T gae a an an eson:

Nvr chck js bcaus yu can. B sur a yu gain f aking

a chck, n yu ppnn

Aia'oe Wod Capon, Rob Fisce one ad a pa

cek at spoed a bauu posion a ad akn os o ca.

wards e coned e prase Pazer ss ck patz give cck!"'s on or xap of a fok. In Dagra 25, Bac a pawn p,

bu e posion s triky opng to us s xra pawn Back pays

1 d4+?, nkng at i wi pa is pawn on a sa squar wdefending s Kng on 3 W's py os a a sok 2.Rxd4! Nxd4

d4 uddny We's King attak Bak' Rook wi two Wt

pics, e King and e Bisop on e go aer Bak's Kng. Back is

oed to par wt anor pc givng W an advantag n aria.


36/250

CTR w obe k

Nw sm ss a vlv frks A sa 1 sa w as

pss ad grada cras lv f dcl Gd lck

S 9 Is Ws r pa. H s mpd

grab apaw s s bs mv?

S 0 W as w gs gg f m:

pssl f a frk cr prvd b

Black Rk c7 ad prssr ags

Black's cpaw Ds W av a wa

mak s advaags ba u?

ES s Wis mv Hr as a prob

lm smla a f prvs s Hw

wd ak advaag f s ps?


37/250

SeirawaCigaS 977

irawae 1975

p-Sp 1 8

P ac and Conaos

S 2 is sion is taken o one of ow gaes. Its ove ad up two paws,

ut Black hos to pick up one of White Rooks

for hs Bishop. Fonatel for e Black's ng

is ver weak and his Bishop on a3 is not defended.

How did I ke aantage of ese to factors

ES Anothe fond eo o toa

ent career. It's ove and ateral is even

ut that undefended n on d7 gives e a

chance at a quick to te. What did I pla?

S 4 It's Wtes to pla. s posion is

a real tough one for h. Ca ou nd e

eautl soluon?


38/250

A T The Double Aack

ES 5 It's Blacks turn to play. He does't

seem o have any fork possibilies hee Ca yo

ceae oe?

ES 6 This posito occed i a game I

played my rst US Champoshp Texas J

Badfod s kw as a ogh ma o bea He has

good ceal corol and ejoys moe space ha

do Im Back ad i's my moe How was I able

o ake advaage of he defeded Whe

Bshop o c4?

Duble Aac by a Pawn

lumag

95

adfrderaw Cai 190

Paws ae oe of he paradoxes of chess: Te fact ha paws ae cosdred

weak makes he mch-soger m pieces ad he maor peces fea

them Yo do believe me? o spport my agume lets take a lk a

oe of histoy's shortest mase games

orochow-R. FiePde, 92Who would guess tha the player hadlig the Black peces Rebe Fe

woldbecom oe of the words geaest chess masters? Remember god

payers beome good oly ater serg ots of defeas So tke heat!


39/250

T 1 a ad ba

4 Css as b payd for cts ad cods a b kpt of t

stogst playrs' gas Or t yars oig scms tat a stood

tst of tim a b gi as Opigs a b ad fo t

atioalit of pays wo campiod ti cas (Rssia Dfs

Fc Dfs Egis Opig ad fort) or or t plac w

gas fatg tat opig wr payd (Mrao Dfs Cabridg

Spigs Dfs Catala Opig d so o. Howr, t most commo

pacc is to a a opig fo t ididal wo iodcd t scmito toram pay a ili o css gas tir ·

cycopdias ar ow dotd to ctlogig a t aios opigs Bck's

st o .Nf6 i spos to 4 by Wit is know s AkisDfs i dfc to for World Capio Axad Aki wo

itd tis opig Backs stratgy is to aow Wit to ps is ctr

paws opig tat ty bcom odd ad t ito ats

statg is a sk o.

st ap o paw's pow itl gy ts t mgt Kigt

o scam Knigt as o coic bt to do as is bidd dc of t

paw paado o alabl pics caot aow tmsls to b

tadd for a lowy pw so y mst fo is sligtst trt

24

Wit cots to kick t poor bst aod.

G44 G??

A bld lack sod a clgd Wit's r wit 4d6 wic

wod b mai of Aki's Ds.

i's a ba bw Blacks Kigts ad Wit's paws igy

stds do't stad a cac


40/250

w e e Ac

5... x5

Bc wd s se er 5 .. .Nb4 6c5 N6d5 7, wt wic ite ws

Kg.

.5

e s· y Kgt s were t r ts frced t ste rwrd t

ts dm.

7f4

er sever mre mves, Bck resgs.

Nw t we ve see te ws ct, we c te k t ter vrtes:

Yu ve mre tem t y ter ece.

ey e "bby Quees. Ec s te tet t becme

Qee we t reces te ter sde te brd.

y tde w r ece yu get e beer f e de.

Pawn ForAmed wt ts teretc kw·edge ets jm rigt t sme

rctc exmes w frks.

grm 26, Bck sd y

...de4 r .Bb bt sted e

mkes c bgers ms·

tke 1 B6?? 2! s wr w e te Bc eces.

Amg but te Te tw mgyBck ecs re eess gst

te wy t w

DAGAM 6. Ba t ay


41/250

Tactics and Combiatios

DM 2. Whte t pay DM 28 Wh pay

By crang a aw frk i Diagram 2 Wit as w ways f winning

matria On mtd is l.4, by wic Wit tratns t lay 25

trby wining a awn ad frkig w Black ics If Back answrs

wt itr 1 ..4 r 1 ..xd4, t 2 ads t t dsird frk tr ssibilty is l dx Bx 24 wic ratns Blacks Bis

clrc's ny rtra 2 Bd6 is smasd by . and antr frks xams mak it clar tat awns ar a mnac If y ca't

cmtly radicat t crtrs y mst rspcy t and tm

D't mak m mad: y bvusy bit

Discovered Attacks with PawnsAid m frkng awns can as tak a in discvrd atacks. A

swn in Diagram 28 Wit can crat a discvrd atck wit l.c4

Wits Bis n b2 suddnly tratns Back's Qu, wil Back's

Bis d is ambusd by t aw Back ss matra


42/250

CP TwO: Te Doule ck

ES Is Backs t to . Wold Qg5

be a resonble move?

ES 8. s Whites move Backs osition

seems to be secre bt he is act set for

knockot nch. Can o fnd eie cmbia

i ht ows White to crete awn ok

ES 1 White has Rook and wo awns or

wo Knighs oints to 6oints materal d

vantage However, the d6awn is theatened b

Blcks Knight on eS Is Whites to a

ogh White cold defend he wn b ling

.Rd he cold insead orce a seqene of

moves that fetres the taccs Ive shown Cano nd the second soion? Frsaon aler!

Tis roblem isnt eas!

" ·

:

Kikic-rintBudapt 95


43/250

CHE HEE

.,, .. �. ., .. ....,

.. . . .. . . . �

Th P

W

hn ou c pc tht our opponnt cnnot mov wthout

osng nt pc o grt vu ou iig th

rst pc n th pc o gt vlu s th Kng, thstcc s cll n ablu i; whn t s not h Kng th tctc s cl

laiv i C n bsout pn s mor srous tht thn rtv

pn bcus ou opponnt solut cnot mov h pnn pc ut

tng hs ow Kng n chc s gl

pn s on o th most common ctcs us n chss so ou shou

stu t v cll Br n mn tht n pc s vnbto pn ut

on Qun Bshop or Roo cn o th pnnng ng Kght or pwn

cn on p th vctm Lt's loo t h bsout pn rst

Ablute PnPns occu ung ll phss o th

gm ut th r most common n

th opnng xmp o pcl

bsolut pn n th opnng s s

ollows l4 5 N N6 Nc

d6 4Bb5 rsult s shown ng 29 Blcs Knght on c6

ct mov bcus Wh's Bshop

wou thn ttc Blcs Kng

hou Bc pnc t th rst sgn

o such pn? No th Kght s w))

protct th pw n ts

cptu b th Wht Bshop woulDIGM 9 Bla t pa


44/250

actics and Comiaos

mp d o v d B o h Bl p 4a6 gWi wh h d o do w h Bihop. Vh h h o did whth o d pi wh 5Bxc6 bxc6 o o w 5Ba4 d

llow Bl o b th pi wh 5 b5 B do w o w h Qid pw h wod b

w o p .. Bd7 d. mov gv h Kgh x dd

d imo b h p

Ahogh hi pl p do o pov o b om bol

pi hv powl imp o m poio Pi prilll xg pi o vb q o th i wo o

ei ao pv p rom g p i oiv o

dv mv wh o board.

Digm 0 p p h pvo mp wh w i. Whi h

pld h mov dd. Bl h qdd mov wth h wl

7a d h o mpo 76/b7 pibg poibii.

Tg dvg o h ito Whi ow pla .d5 Th poo Bl

Kgh i bl o w om h pw d Whi w pi. h impl Do l p z o pi o doomd q

H oh opig q th ommo o h gm

DIGRM30 Whte t pay

o bg: l4 d5 2xd5 Qxd5

B two mov ow

h Sdv D i o

good hoi o opg (Dv

opig o Q oo l h

opg i v dgo bm pi h dvlop wh

ga of mpo b aig h

Wh p Nc h ga.

B who m mov h Q

d vod h ho p

?? mov (B wodhv b ..Q5 whih lv


45/250

CHA HR he n

DGM la o lay DGM 32 la o ay.

Whi wth oly a sall opig advag) Whi rsponds wh 4B

d th poso is ow as show i Diaga 31

Its ony fouth ov bu lak has alrady lost hs Qun whih

s atakd by h shop Playg 4 Qxb5 allows xb5 but la at

ov his Qu to sa bas it is pinnd to hs Kng la has no

ho but o ap t oss o his os powl pi for a r ishop

9points for 3 pons) A dvastatn abso pi

lak has a good posio i Dagra 32, but is ad wth paio

Shoud h apu h hagng Whit Kgh on 5A snak o a pi

worth 3 ponts s always dsiabl owvr th aswr n ths as s a

rsondi o! Playng 1 5? oss h ak Qun aftr 2R

baus th Qu is pd o hr Kng oral:

Look carelly before yo take ay ee" g/m yor ooe He

may have rared a cleer ra!

You ih hav notd ha ps a b xud oy by straighn

pis (Quns Rooks, ad ishops aus o tis you shoud aways

b arfl about putng vulrabl args o h sa i Convrsly

whn your oppot pus pota ars o th sa l oo for pins

Experind plays dvop a ra snsitvity or ths knd o sa

For xap o o h frs higs a astr woud not abou h posiion


46/250

acc ad Cm

IGM 33 Whi IGM 3. Wht t

sown in iagm 33 is tat Blcs Knigt and Kng ae bot on te 4-e8

line Wtes Queen can sow e pining powes wit Blc

Knigt is ten pinned to is Kng ad no Bac piece can deen it

e posion in iag iusttes ow one pin can lead to aoteWite plys 1Bx6, pinning te Roo on 7 to te Bac Kngan absolute

pin Blac woud ie to e tis impudent Bisop prsoner but is d7 ·paw

is cugt in a elatve pin by Wite's Roo on d Blac plays 1 ...x6wereupon 2d8 wns te Blc Queen Blac as llen vctim to a pin

ts mae sue youve undertoo eveing e foowing tess

eate pins toug I migt ave town a inge tat eatues or

T 2 ts Wites tu to play Blac is poung

te pressue on Wites cente ow can Wite

use an absolute pin to get to Blacs Kng


47/250

A T e

E 2 I s g I f h wgJi Ch ws bl g w

h rl r Chsh I ,

is y . I h c si h wll

l bs . i I ly?

E 22 Is hs H s i chck hs

c bw w rsbl ssibls

. .B. ch s cc chc?

E 23 H Blck s h chck wh

...Q, g f Qs s his

bs wy g chck

SeirawaWedenheler

Nrwy 979

Sthergndn


48/250

d. akerualaNew Y 94

1 : c a Cobons

E 24 A y momen fo Whie. He ee fo poliy y ulzg oue pn How

dd e do ?

E 5 Whe down one pwn u hs

move H c he pw w Qx7whh so heens .Qe Cheme. C yo

fnd someg even ee?

ET 26 Aogh me s eve B

een omeed y Whes dved f 6pw

I B o py. Nong We

Bop s n n soe pn B es he

opui o py 1.Q6 I s good de?


49/250

C T i

Relatve PnReve pns in oe o or oer ome bo n mos ges or

emple 4 c6 Nc3 d5 3N Bg4 prodes rve pi we e

Bk Bisop ps te Wte ig o te ite Qeen. Te er 4d4

6 55 Bb4 we ve n bsote p. Te derene betwee te o pns

is t Wite c move e nig o f3 (tog e wol ve ccep

te loss o is Qee er .Bd. However e t ove te g o

is gs nbliy o ove sn mer ofste or esire; its smpy

iUeg. Yo not gve yor g wy� Digr 3 We s pplyg prsse on Blks 5pw, b

pw is proteed veryg sees to der ool We prove

oes nd pys Nxb4! to e de of e pi o te g-7go wn pw. Ts relve pi is fly ommon. Bck od

cpre o b4 bt Wtes reply o Bb6 wod ony k es wors.

Obviosly reve pi is ot s lel s n bsote p so o'

be srprse i e ped pee moes Fo goo exmple o reve

pn gone b, les look t fmos poso o Pldor er 14 52N3 d6 3Nc3 a6? ( orble wste of tme n 4Bc4 Bg4?? Bck

s pne Wtes nig s sow i Dirm 36 n is sere in e

,

.

,"

A

,

DIGAM 3 Whte t pa.

DIGM 36 Whte t la.


50/250

PART 1 : actics and Combnaons

!

,

f _

£

§ § \DGM Whi DIGM 38 ck

kowledge that the orse is ot gog anwere However, he's i for a rude

awaeig Wite pays5x5breaig the pin but exposig the Wite

Queen to dager Bck kes the Kngt with 5dxe5, the 6Qxg4 ws

a ean paw. Udauted, Blac goes for the bg mea:

Bxd? 6Bx7 d5 Checmate Back won the Quee but ost his g

From this example, ts clear tat the od of te reaive pn cao be

tae for grantd. Nvr assume tat the pied pece wot move

The relative pin s most successfu whe a mpont piece is immedi

atey threateed agram 37 llustrtes such an atck Blacs Kight o

c6 s pined because hs Rook on a8 sis o te sme dagona as ites

g2-Bishop. te as to take dvantage of ths opporiy; oese, Bak

wil pay ...Rd8 d te p wi o oger exist Wite pays lb5 attacgthe c6igh Rather tan lose th Knt, Bac wi do best to move it to

safe wih 1 7 and allow 2Bx becuse te 1eaves Bckdow oy the Excage A oss o pois is much beter tan the 3pot

dici that resus from the capture o the Kigt

Another advanta of the pg tctic comes about whe th defed

ing payer is unabl o bre the p He s ten stck nursg te pned

piece and mus eeky wait for mor prssure to be apped For exampe


51/250

C R h n

bt bcas o th p xd8 wold lop o hi Q ih did so A Q

ov i 1 ... Qc7 sply hags t night lac trs to gv th hors

xa sppot wth 1 . ith ths ov h hos to gai t t to

play .. Qc7 oowd by a ight rrat of 3 ... Nd7 o 3 N which wllbra th pi. ig carfl ot to lt lac o th hoo it ica

tpr wth 2.Qh4 .Qc3 wth a abolt pi o th ah8 diagoa

is aso vy tog lac is t copltly hlpls to pvt 3

foowd by4Bwhich capts th pid ght is xap hows

why ps ar to b fard!

b wh a pi is wog loo for ways to ica t

prss o th agt. Yo ay ot abl to d any bt t poibility

hold always cosidd

Now try yo had at t ollowig tsts which fs o rlav pis

27 I' ht' t to play. lac's s·

to as sa as t s? Notc that lac's Q

o d7 is ddd. How ca Wit ta ad

vatag of tis?

T 28 s t any way t can wi a paw

ro his posito?


52/250

an der WielSeawan

rz 980

actics and Combnion

EST 29 I ook me a ong me o ap Whe heuoan Junor Chamon, no hs poson

an now s my moe. e key o my rap s he

uefene Rook on How I win a pawn

ES 30 Is Whtes moe Back's Bshop s

ne because any moemen makes wll cos

he f-paw Ufounae Whe oesn seem

o be abe o ake aanage ofhs fac Can Whe

ceae any oer ns?

EST 3 1. Aga, s Whies moe Does yo so

on or he reous es aso wok hee


53/250

CR HR

ES 3 Can maa y nnng

S 33 s s s asd n a gam wnw ans css. A h m Alxand Ak

n was d CaiOn and Aan Nvc

was cng a s a l as d

u s nn y sng a skng sis f

av ns n h c and a

dagna. Back s sung s managng

d n. Nw s Ws mv Hw dd Wh

m u is msy

ekhineNmch

Sn em 90


54/250

CHAR OUR

-

J

. . .

Th Skwr

A

skewe as ee kee a pin i evese Wi a pin, e

atacker's ojecive is to win e pine piece r e e vaae

piece en i Wi a skewer e aackes oecive is (0reaten a vauale piece s ta i is force to ve, allowig te capte

f a piece ein i

Te psitin in Diagra 39 ilsaes tw skewes Wies Bis

on is skeweing Blacks Rk an Knig wile ies Rook is

skewerg Blacks King an Rk (Ifwe were inver Black's o Qen-

sie pieces an pace is Kig on c6 an is Rok n , we wou av

a pn insea a skewer.) loug Back is a Rk aea i e sarting

posiin e wll nis p n e so en o e arial Fs ispiceess King is in ceck a is

frce to ove wit 1 6 Wierespns wi 28 apturig

e skewee Rk B Backs

pres aren't ve He is esne

lose even re ateral ecase

e er skewer y e Bisop.

fer Back ves e Rok o c6,is Kig is ls

w e's ceen une-

sanng o e skewer wt a ew

re eapes

,

DGM 39. Ba play.


55/250

ti an Combinaton

DGM 0 Whte py. DIM Whe ply.

In Diaga We is own an xhange but he a stll skewe

Baks King an ook an wn aerial with lQh ow bot Q

a Q wol ea the loss o Blaks Queen Paing K is

ipossibe beause Wies Bishop on h oes he sqae so Blak

has nothing bete tha 16 o ate whih 2. gabs heook o.

ow take a ook a Diaga whee Bak has js plae the poo

DIGM Whe ply.

1 h op in g to h op o

Whites Bishop on b He in'

noie he possibiit o !,

wih whih White skewes Blaks

Qee a Kight e Blak o

es his Queen's eeat th

Knigh on a lls, an Bak is

own a soli points

In iaga , Wie's piees

ae oe aie han Blaks an

both Blak's Bishops ae pooy

efene Ceaing a skewe wth

lQ4 is easy he Bishop on e is


56/250

:

aad ad s h h s h saNw 's s ss I fllwi si, yu shuld lk sws, u y d sh d sa us

ES 34 Wha is Whs s ?

ES 35 Wh s w a xan. Fi

ways a h a w a h xa.

ES 36 s all Whi's ssl skws an

h d wih s sL


57/250

CHAR V

w

e

o

w

w

-

\

ax.

.

a

a

,

Kg Tcc C

If you've been aenve, youll have noced by now ta many acics

are made possble by a weakene or open Kng. You can gnore an aack

on a Kngh or Bshop; you c oss your Rooks o he wnds; you canscrce yor Qeen; bu your Kng s ndsnble se and e game

s over Because of he nal assoae w e Kngs dems ans

o reason a severa ccs an combaons revove aond hs mpor

n pece hs chaper weoo a cs and combnaons base on

saemae eual check he escon of e ngs cover and back

rank checkmae

StaleateA mes you w feel a yor opponen s pckng yo aa Fr e

devours al your paws en he nes on a mn pece or two and nay

he cares p your Rooks and Queen Youre le w amo nong a al

a ew svors nd a prayer A hs pon n e gae a salemae can

become very sefA saemae occrs wen s your o move b yo don have a

lega move o lay Wen s happens e maeal coun becomes mean

gess and e gae s decred a rw In oamen ches a wn s

wor 1 pon a draw s wo hal a pon and a oss s wo a rer rond

zero When your back s agans he wa you wl wan to o ick your

oonen no capurng more an he should at yo can force a

semae a wl aow you o vage a crca hal-pon


58/250

PA : accs and mnans

DGM 43. la to lay. DIM la to lay.

Diagram 3 is a pctueperect eample o a stalemate. White is 9 ponts

ahead (a ll Queen up) bu we can see ha eve such a huge advatage i

material does not guaranee a wi. Te game is a draw because Back is

uabe to move His paws are sck where they sand and he b8 ad d8squares are not availabe because o the presece o the White Quee is

pe o draw coy happes when uwa players think e game is as

good as wo and stop payng atetio!

n Diagam things do't ook good for Blac Aside from Whies

advaage o a Quee vs a Rook (a 4-pit derence White also threates

muipe checkmates (Qc7 Checkmate .Qd7 Checkmate, ad Qf8

heckmate) Bu clor scriny reveas tha Black has a chance to save this

game. At the moment his g has o lega moves. Oy his Rook ca moveA Back has to do is get id o this Rook, ad a saemate wll resul th

his idea in mid you should have o dcul i stng Blacks best move:

1 + White has o choice but to ake e Rook with 2 I he

doesnt Black will capture the White Quee afer e White ng moves out

o the way. Uorunately or White capturig the Rook gets him nowhere

because Back then nds himself wihou a move e oya Black Rook has

sacriced itself to save its rer!


59/250

CHPIER FVE: Kg ctcs a Combat

l

M 5 Black t pa.

. -

M & Black t pa.

Whie wh a oaw avaage i o a roll iagra 45

hreae o ik u he Bak ook wih 2g7+ (a aw fork) For Blak

runig away wh he ook by ayg oe o 28+ Kg7 g8

Cheka or hQ heka a sayig o he bk ak wih 8

oses o 2Kh6 a a uik hekae Bak s o he lookou for asaae a he kows ha he u soehow ge r o h obile ook

Blak lys 1 o whih We res 24 (2K5 rouessaeae a 26 h5+ fore Wie o ho o he ook) Play o

es wih 2 4+ Bak kee hekg o e f-e u

Whie ire o e hae aure he ook a allow he saleae

Here' aoher eae. I iaga 46 Bla is ow o s

oay he wou be ee o resig he gae Oe aga hough

we have he oeal of a saleae Bak Kg Bea he Quee ihe oly raiig aive eber i his ary Blak has o i hil

o he 1 Qh2+ 2h2 a 10 a beho raw by aleae wehave a ora hee

Ify a in al bl b ni a mvs

an lk f a salma!


60/250

ati an ombnaion

mra ha a ip id

y a mashing y nn and x him sign a any

mmn dn' as! igian y migh b ssd by a

gam-saing sama

hav b ng a h f a amad Kng a a adch

avdanc dvic. B carf hgh ha y dn bndr i a

iain wh y Kig i amad b h r f yr army ha pn

f mv. magin ha, wh a fh, y acc yr amy and cnf

dny caim ama, ny hav yr ppnn pn ha a i

paw a dg f h bad ha a ga mv. Hw mbaraing

L a a fw xamp f ndirab ama. iagram 47,Bac pbm i wh hi Kng; i amad and nab g

aywh. Wh ha d i find a chc, and gam wi nd

icy Bca� h h7pawn i pinnd by h R n h, Chc

ma h b rah w.

On f h nic way pnih a mad Kng i by way f a

smhd hkma A mhd chcma ccr whn a payr Kig

bxd in by hi wn pcray mhrd wh aci and n

pac g Sch a ian i iad i iagam Whi pay

£

M 47 Wht t pay M 48 Whit t play


61/250

CR IV Kg ctcs d Comnions

l.Qg+ ad aer 1 N or g (1..Kg8 s mpossble bease of e Bsop o 4, N7 s

ekmate.

My favorite smotered ek

mate pate s sowi Dagram 49

Here we have the same positio as

Dagam 48, eept that hte s

wthot s Bsop o 4. Now the

brilliat Qg8 would reted

wth te smpe ..Kg8. However

hte a stl ekmate wit

lNf7+ .Nh6 a doubeDIGM 49 e o py

ek .. 2... Kf8 allows 3Q7 Cekmate .Q+ g 4N

Cekmate.

s ast eample as to mid a od memoy. Whe my rst ess

teaer, Jeey asos sowed me ths smotheed ekmate I was ibreahess awe ome to demosate t to my mother wo was busy

pepaig the eveg mea. I ragged er ove to te ess table ad

uveile my ewly dsovered beauty. "Vasser, a's maeous se sad

"Now a I s ookig? I reaized o e rst me at the wole word

was't etrale by ess Boy just ook wat theye missg

TetEST 7 s Blaks to pay How a esave mse


62/250

erntenSrigen 9

R actics ad Cominons

TST 38 wo·pw dc c oyop for mrcl 's s mov lck's pw

s rg fo Q w L3 22 d 3

d W c do vy l o pv Sod

W gv p? C yo v

TS 39 s x ook lck s wigsly H wold k o cckm qcky

w L6+ ss 2Qx wod

w s pl cs Ws g s

sr d s' slmd c plys

5 w powf of 2Cckm Is s ws mov for ck

ST 40 lck s wo x pws d s oo·g for ck w o od Cmpo

Vsly Smyslov dcds o s o s oppo

w 1 2 bcs 2xb2 2 wll

skwr ook s s good mov


63/250

CHR IV K a a Combatos

EST 41 acs Kg s soded y e

peces ad wll soo be cecaed despeaio lac plays 1 . Qhl Sod e owae e ac Qee

EST 42 s s oe o e greaes saves

cess soy sde fo eg p a pece lacs ao o cecae e e Kg w

Re2 (For eape gf4 wod ose o

Re2 2 Qg2 Cecae) sead ofgvg

p e ses a devos ap w h4 Re2

2 Sold ac play 2Qg3

TEST 43 We sees a lacs Kg has o

were o o ad e wold love eece heoac w a wg cec How We

s o ac

Perpetual heck

see\yNe r 96

oe way or a osg player o save a oewse opeless poso s o

egeer a peeual check. s sao coes ao we oe player

epeaedly places s eeys Kig cec Te Kg s aassed ac

ad for ad s able espe e seres of cecs e a seece of


64/250

PAR a and omnaon

DIAAM 0 Wi pay DIAAM Wi pay

oves resuls i he pieces ovng back and oh on he ame qae andn he eact ame t hree ies he gae s caled a thee tme

eett ft and s declared a draw

Dagra 0 shows a spe case o a pereua check lack heaens

o checkae Whe wih 1Rb8 or 1 so Whe s scrable o

save hisel ounaely an easy draw is avalable wih Qg6 8

2Qh6 3Qg6+ when e oigna poson is repeaed er hree

repeiions eher player can clai a draw

Dagra s anoher coon exaple o a pereua check ack is

abo o exece e eney ing, bu Whe s abe o svive by repeaedly

checkng lack's onach y keepng lack bsy wh checks, Whe

prevens hs opponen o lowering e axe elswhee on e ord A draw

by peual check resls aer .g7 8 2h7 8 3.hg7 ! ischeck s wih he correc Rook A eibe sake would be 3Rdg7+,

because lack coud hen cross he d-le wih 3S R7+ eS Re7 + d

6Rd7+ c8 and hen 7Rc7+ would be e wih 7Qxc7 e winnng ove

or ack Te gae connes wih 38 4 Ke8 5e7+ and

because lack can cross he barrer on he de, he us reu he

ingsde and alow he peea aack on hs ng


65/250

A FIV King ts and mnatns

Ie

GM 52. Wte t ply GM 3 White t ply

t

As Iv d s a ppal hk sav an hs nf

ls gam h ga ng n a hkma a daw pn. B f

ppnn aJlw pn ad walks in a hkma

all mans lig him

gv h ppahk a mnav a nding

a af In agam 52 Wh a dn n wih R+

1...2 ...a. H ms g h Blak Kng gv p h gam

Bas h nm mnah s sndd a wal f pawns Wh has

ash hh hi wa ad g smhing gn qikl. sighs

han and h gam v W snaps n an w 1.+!(nvg h Bak Kng) and Bak is d pla 1 6 (BhKng mv ls 18?? 2h Chkma and 17?? gdv

d hk2 .f5 3h hkma gam nns wh 2Q+ 3Qh6 ading a ppal hk and a qn daw

hav ampd wav h va al hm gh hs

k s ha as w mv m n a anh al

gniz h pn h v pv psn M jv i

mak awa mmn pan ha an dvp

f minan a k as pssl n h pn in agam 53


66/250

A ai n bintn

DIAGRAM Wte t play

Tet

l6 s me pssbe b ebsue pi Wies Bis s

cree lg e g8 g

Aer 8 26 3Qg6we ve e me ere ceck

s te w prevs empes

Dgm 54 sws e tp·

cl receck te. Wie

rces w b mvig s Queeg te e8 gl lQe8

7 2Qh5+ 8 3Qe8 Dw.

ES 44 s We's mve e s w

Rk s i me gve u Or c e g n

S5 s Wies p d e perpe

u ceck


67/250

CA V g Tctc a Cbiati

S 46 Back doesn't ie the way this game is

gong becase he has less space than his opponen Loong for a way to bal out what srprse

does he nleash on hs opponent?

S 4 Backs Roo on a2 is being acked by

Whites Queen, bt ack is also conceed about

Whites threat of 1.Re8+ 7 2.Qg8+ Checkmate

Does he have any way ot of hs mess

Detryng the Kng' ver

igia-taeUSS 1 7

DSeaUSS 1 8

A chess players love to hunt down he enemy Kng Bt captrng e Kng

sn easy Usaly the Kng spints y castng to he Kngside where he is

proteced behnd the pawns on f2 g2 and h2. To get at such an enenched

monach a player wll ofen sacce a piece or o to draw the supposedlysae Kng ot into hoste tertoy. When the King is oag arond in the

cenr wthout cover he sually pshes because the enemy pces can

qcy hn him down yo sense such a chcmatng possiili thow

asde ay materal concerns. Even f yo ae many pieces down a chec·

mate aways ends the stgge n yor o


68/250

AR s and Conions

-

V

•

I

§; ' § Y

IAGAM . ie play. AGAM 6. e pay

Dagra sws a ass kag pae By vrg b es

We s abe play Cekae Ls ary s dea a

paed sg. Daga b payers ae yg g a ea

ers Kg Blak eaes Ws Kg w Qb2 Cekae. Bak

Kg s weakeed by e abse e g7paw b sees afey kebed e 7paw Bease s paw s a a prs Blak Kg

We s d a ed bwg e paw away ad eag

ekag ps sw ag . Playg w kd gves

We kks e paw e bard w 7! W paws s

dg Bks Kg s far gae fr Wes Rks ad 1 2 prdes kae a a We s dw a Qe

a ps s eagless I a a Qee sare a eads k

ae s s sasg yrs seeDagra s a s eape f a Kg beg fred sl

erry s sdered e e wrlds s beaf bas

Bak plays 1 3 !!, gvg p s Qee b dragg W Kfrward jaws d Play es w 23 6+ 34


69/250

HAR g as a ombatos

IGM 5 pae j �'h 193

GM 8. e pa.

(Running up the board wth his ng isn' wha We wan o do, but he

has no choice) Now 3N6 4.Kf5 leads o he aadoxca 4Ng4!!

Back blocks he Whe Rook om parcipaig ie defense and hreaensthe kllng R Both fxg4 8+ and 5xg4 8 6 6 eadto checkmae s exampe shows how ormidabe Rooks are as hunters

when a ng s oned up

Acommon misake made by beginers is thinking a he enemy ng

is in troube when has been dawn ony to the second memeshe ng is ndeed n oube bu usuay c simy sep back io sorgna posion Facd wh he osiion in Diagm many a Whie

payerhas ed Ng5 62Nx7?! xf7 3Bxf7 xf7s isn a goodmaneuveror Whie Backs ng can easiy sep back o se wh4Kg8and though he maea coun is even (6 poins vs 6 poins to pces are

usualy considered supor o a Rook and a pn in he middegame

because wo pieces represen to srong aackng unis vs. he Rooks one

e ea pawn is ony uul in an endgame)


70/250

1 cc ombation

DAGRAM 9. Wie py. DAGRAM 60 B y.

I yo want to be sccessful wih a capure on f7, yo ms dw he

Kig even ther no he cener o he board Diagram 59 oers a lvey

sraion of how o do s. We have seen how dangeros i s or a King

o e drawn o no he on. Here Whe nds a novel way of invingBack's King o come o the par: 1Bx7! 7 e King has poked hs

head o he door However ihe can go bac o hs hoe wih ..Kg8 hen

Whis sacrce will have been n vai I's ime to grab hm and pl him

no he open. Whe pays 2Q6!! oeing p hs Qeen as well Now

Bacs rerea wh 2 K8 10ses o 3Ng5 and 4.Qf Checmae s hard tosop. Bac decides o ake he gift and seps no e mdde of he oard

wih 2 e6 e response: 3Ng5 Checkmae!Dagram

shows anoher exampe. Here Backs posiion s peecy

aight and he shod pay ..Rd8 png pressre on Whies d4-pawn.

Insead he hns mgh nce o ge id of Whes Kgh so he de

cides o chae he Knigh away w 1 6?? e roof nexpecedy caves

in aer 2Ng6! h6 3h , when Bac has o pay 3 Bh3 and aow

4 Checkmae

Wa happened here? Is vey simple. hen yor ng is saemaed

or has few moves avaiabe a wang gh shod sar ashng n yor

head. A Kng wh med abl move s ve veable bese any


71/250

HAR IV Kg cts a Cmbat

ek oud easly resu n ekae. l e aker as o do s nd away o reak no s ajess aers One o e good pons o ..Rd

s a gves e ng aess o e g-square us endng any wores

bu h pe o assare we us wnessed Te ora s: t k th awn vr n nt fyur Kng ntat and b u

yur Kng ha rm t breath

S 8. Is Wes ove aks g s ne

and snug end s paws Wa a We do

ange ings?

ES 9 laks Rooks ad Qeen don see o

e ale o ns o We Ca you nd a way or

lak o rng n anoer aakng un?

ES 0 Wes pees are usered around

aks ng, u e ak paws on g7 and 6

are odng e or Reazng a e s a pawn

down We as o d soe way o reak

roug Que aneuvers wongee jo done

is s a oug one. Can yo d a orng onn

uaon a ws e gae or We?

-

� _


72/250

HtSeir

Bd ge, 8

drd LerSi erge Thd

A ats ad ombao

S My opponent n s gme he Czech

Grndmster Vstm Hort hs reputton or

tckng hs opponents w ctc py I hve

debertey cptured hs bpwn nd Hot hs

pyed Knght ork wnnng Rook. thspont I nd compcted wy of destoyng the

Whe Kngs pwn cover wth one o my best

combntons. Wt dd [ do? s ight you

dont see hs one throgh to the end Wts

mportnt s tht you e recognze the vue

o mkng n enemy King vunerbe to rect

tck. I you cn get the rst four moves gve

yoursef pt on he bck.

S 2 A wondef cssc om the esure

chest o combntons. Wte sees ht uncover

ng the Bshops tck on the h-sque wth

N s when Bcks Qeen deends wh1 Wht beutf scheme dd Whte come

up wth to crete Kg hunt?

Back Rank heckateAbck rnk checkmte occus when the Kng s on the bck nk; ts pwn

shed s n pce preventng t fom moving up the bod nd t s under

tck by the enemy Queen or Rook When the Kng hs nowhere to n

the check s dedy. e ptte tht produces bck nk checkmte s one

o the most common nd most mpotnt n chess. very pyer t one pont

or nother hs en vctm to bck nk checkmte. e mere thret of


73/250

HAR FIV i ai a omiatos

DAGRAM 61 Wie py IAGRAM Wieto y

t ses ea no te eas of expeenced plaers a result moves suc

as 3 and 6 o g and g6 ae ute common n cess tes moves le

tese ae caed akng (L s a German word meanng a) Gng

te Kng a (oom o breate; n ote words an eape suae) elm

nates he bac a poblem once and for all

Ou st eample (Dagam 6) sows ow to avod a bac a

cecmae b mang Blac thatens to ccate te on te bac

an wt Rc Cecmate o ...Re Cecmate ow can Whte peven

hs Kng's demse? e plas Ra, s Roo wll be stuc on e bac a

plang nusemad to e Kng e usual method of dealng wt Blacs

bac an cecmae treat s fo te to move one of e pawns ta

mpson s Kng plang eter 13 or 1g3 Howeve befoe decdng on

ts couse of acton te must consder wat e ote Blac peces are

dong Hee 3 stll aows Rc Cecmate because Blacs Bsop s

conollng e suae e corect move s g3 wc lms the scope

o Blacs Bsop and gves e Kng the comotable g2suae to n to

e smple goa of appng a coeed Kng on te bac an s te

drvng foce bend man combnaons Dagam 62 llustates a common

bac an cecmatng seuence Blac sems o be defendng s bac


74/250

PART 1 : actc omao

"

1

•

:

DIGM 6. Wite t play.

ak with his Rook but afte sacificing the White Queen with Qe8!

Witecescheckae ...xe82x Checkate

In Diagra 63 Bck's }ng is

tucked wy in come, nd e

bck nk s wek Moeove Blck

s woeflly behnd in developent

becuse his Bshop has nowheesafe to go. As good s thngs look fo

White he s nble to inish o his

opponent becuse Blcks Queen is

keeping hites Rook o plyng

Re htes goa s ce: Make the e8-squae aviable fo the ook ad

checkate wi follow ght of ths goa the sucida Qd6! kes lot

of sense White oes up his Queen kowing t if she s ten the

e8sque will no onge be defended Because 1Qg8 nd Qf7 fil to2BxQ and Qxd6 2Re8+ eads to checkte Bck hs no choice: He

ust thow away hs Bshop with Bd o Be6 to keep hs bck ak

saey potected Howeve afte 1 Bd7 2Qxd7, the loss of the Bishop

still eds eventuy to a White vctoy

We hve seen tht weak bck nk s seous pobeone to be

celly voided in you ges Inexpeenced payes ae ofen so cught

up in the plns tht they dont take he tie to ensue the ngs safey

A good e of hub s to ake soe as soon s you see fte bcknk pobles looing Be especlly cef when the cente of the bod

sts to ce nd the eney Rooks hve open iles On the othe hnd i

you opponent sees to be negecting hs back ank sta ooking o

possbies that ight lead to back nk checkate

Ive ade a coupe of chages to the pevous position to poduce

Diaga 64 One bg dieence s that Whites back nk is now wek but

Bck doesnt see be in y position to take dvntage of t If White

hi k h i i h i l h


75/250

CHR FE g atis a Cas

DAGRAM 6 Whe t play DIAGRAM 65. Whe t play

hes i o surse P oceeds lQd6 Bd7! 2Qxd7?? Wite sas

u the Bisho because he thiks te exr iece lead to eas w.o his surrse he oses his Quee whe Blck ls 2d8! Suddel the roles are revesed Black is iig the White Quee to the oosite

bck k ad Quee moves such s Qxb7 low Rd+ oowed bcheckmte

e lQd6 Bd7! White oces the rde tr tht Black has set he

might tr + 3e7 i e hoes o geg good edgameHowever Blck c st use a i d ke dvge of Wites wek bck

k to make lie esier or himsel with 3e8! he 4d7?? e ischeckmte Atevel 4Rxe8 Bxe8 sould led to daw

B ow ou robbl hve a sese o ow ctcs c be combied o

tae dvtage o a wea bck rk the evious exame we sw theeecveess o i combied with bck ak checkmate Digm

shows how a back ak oblem c lso mke oks d doube tcks

stroger tha usua Blcks Quee is stuck guardig the e8-square ad the

oma imossible lNc7! is ow excellet move because o ossibi

ites like Qxc7 or Qxd2) 2Re8+ N8 8 Checkmte Faced with

rets o2Re8 d 2Nx8 Bck esigs he gme


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R cic nd Comnion

ES 53 's Blacs mv Sig that Wites

ca tat is sii bcas h

8-sa is f th ims Blac s m

lay a grab a matra aatag

Sl Blac a this a

ES 54 s h gey Q a rhil

mv Blac

EST 55 s Q8+ a i f Wi m his

siti


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HAR IV K is nd Comios

ES 6 To Back gabng te apawn th

Qx ems a ne moe Can you see wy thsmoe wou ose im te game


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CHAPTER SIX

�

*

t

a

·

a

;

Dfc

At times, you might nd yorelf on the brink of victory except that

your opponen cngs to le hrd as he can. A oen as not, his

tough defense is made posible by one had-workg piece tat is

somehow holdng eehig together To brea down sch a position, yo

need to cha the defender away om the critica area in the hopes tha

te defense will then apr Prenng the man deending piece om

peromng its dties uslly reduces the opnents army chaos. is

concep is the basis of te ctc kown as deection.

Te concept of e oveoed pece is o my mind ray e same

as e concept of deecon. oerorked piece is one tha is asked to do

oo mch: Te piece performs doble d if you will. Al yo need o do is

pull i aside, at which point it dtes be ef ndone

Here's an exampe In Digram

66 Back is ehind a pawn ad, n

derstandaly, wats o ge back his

ost materia He plays 1 2??and feels prety saised er a,

his Qeen is we defended by hs

Bishop. Uforunaely Black has

placed this Bishop in an oerworked

postion Te Bishop not ony has o

defend he Qeen, bt must aso

bock any checks hat mateiaize on

e bak rank. is doube dy eads

immediae disaser ar 2d, IM Ba lay


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R ai an Cbnatin

bau Back has no choice but to play 2 n aer 3b2, hispoo Qeen is whisked o te boad.Unt now, ve focsed on e tought processs of te atacker Lets

switch for a moment to te point of view o te defende-not as much fun

but we1 get back to te aack oon enough Fo now ets dfend.

We'v seen that undefended pieces make ipe tacca tets so you

know tat defending you pieces is importat Te best defendes ae

pawns ey ae sow and sma, but tey make exceent supporer

However, be ce when you pices have to defend one aoter; teesuts ca be disastros Oten a defending pice simpy be chaed

away as Diagam 67 iusrates Here mateial is even but Back's Kight

on is hanging Back's bst move is the eteat Nbc, which aows

hite to devo an ea pawn with 2Rb6. No tried wit such a

possibiliy, Back defends te b3Kigt wit 1 Nc5?? In his eots to

save a paw, Back ends up osing a piece hite's 24 pu the c5Knight

unde attack and if tat Knigt moves, te one on b as

n Diagram 68, Wite has just payed Qd, oeng to tade QuensBack is not avese to tis aangement but he wants to ade on is ow

tems So instead of te sae Qxd3, Back pays ?? Tis moveao appar sae, unti you consider tat tis Rook is te Quns only

l

•

1·

l


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CHA X Dftio

dygad S wnde en ha

2e8! eads a ced aea I Back pays 2xe8 e

Queens se deende s deeced

and he spe 3Qxd5 des he b

he he pssby 2 Kg7 aws

3xd8 ae whch Whe has de

vued a k a pin gain

hs ehd a de

end s cn used nd us becae guaded agansL

Back heaens wn wh

Q2+ in Daga bu a e DGM 69 B o pay

en he s n check ad us decde hw bes ge u e cec

deens s K8 ae whch 2xh7 2Qxh7 ses he heaened

Qx Insead Back pays "sae wh 1 . ?? ad ses he huseate .h 7 +!, when hs Kng s ced abdn e deens hs ady

he gae cntnues wh 2h7 3, and henh hsBack ses eveyhng because hs ng ad k ae ked

In a hese exapes he deendes isake was eyng n hspc

deend ne anhe O cuse peces ae capabe deense bu se

es yu have be caeu a yu deendng pece desn bece he

vc a deecn acc

a weve ked a spe cases deecn and vewked peces

Bu hs cc can ccasnay pduce vey ined exquse cbna

ns he psn in Daga 70 n he nex s ne he seau exapes a vewked pece and he deecn sa cassc

Backs k n e8 s unde pessue Whes ks bu Backs

Queen ses be hdng eveythng gehe Ncng ha Back s


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AR ac a ombao

DIAGRAM 0. B ydms-TrrNe Ores 1920

sueng from poten bck rnk

wekness, Wite then decides to do

eehng possible to deect the

Blck Quen from the defense of the

e8Rook He ttcks the Queen wth

lQg4 forcing her to ee Because

1...Qxg4 2Rxe8+ Rxe8 .Rx

prduces checkte Blck plys

. QbS, whch leds to 2Qc4

Once gn Wites Queen ttcks

her Bck counter, but this tme

two Bck pieces cpture the m-

pudent W Qn. Blck chooses

2 Qd7 becuse boh 2Rxc4 nd2 Qxc4 ed to checkmte fter

Rxe8 White seems he gone czy when he pys 3Qc7 but hes

stll tryng to pull Bcks peces wy om the defense of the eSRook I

either Blck piece kes Wites Quen, then checkme on e8 wll occur

Ply connues wth 3.Qb5 44 more hrssment of the poor Blck

Queen) 4 .Qxa4 SRe4 thretening 6.Qxc8 when 6 Rxc8 7Rx4

ees Wte wh n ext Rook) S .. QbS (5. Rxc7 s stll impossible due

o Rxe8 Checkmte 6Qxb7 Now Blcks Queen hs nowhere to n

to! Becuse 6.Qxb .Rxe8 leds to checkmte Blck resgns the gme

Ts complcted be desees cos sctiny nd recomend tht

you ply t oer seer tmes untl you thoroughly undestnd the des

nd rtons

Now or some tests. To sle the probems ths secon tke long

hrd ook t enemy pieces tht re atacked or oerworked nd then find

wy to mke hese fctors work for you


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CHR X Dcton

S 7 Is Whs o T o dfd of

h B Kig is h Bisho o d How

Whi daag of his osiio?

ST 8 If Whs Roo w o o h h-

B od wi h g wih Rh2+ 2KgJ

Rg Ch How B his f

asy iaio liy?

TST 59 I yd io his osiio o y

oo fo dio ai Oy o i is

gdig h Kgh o 8 d h Bisho o f6

How did I xo his f?

HjouinMola, 96

irwn-SuskyVncuve 181


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SeiwHeney

Memi, 16

PA obtio

ES60. is position is taken om my st USJi Chaponship. My opponent has sred

a piee o a ew paws His bak ank is not

deended and an le his Qeen away om

the potetn of e8 then Qe8 wold be hek

mate How dd aomplsh this goa?

TS 6. ite is don the Ehange bt he has

a stong atakand is hs t to play ote that

any me by the ook on g8 wold aow Qg

Chekmae whie Blak's Qeen mst potet

his pawn or ae N Chekate. How an

White le Bak's pees away om ter impo-

at deense posts


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CAPER SEVEN

Bry OpF r Dg

As you gain experience, you1le that open les and dagonals arecrcal for Rooks and Bshops you want them to play an ve

pa n the game. Many players don't reaze the advantges of

renorcing control of les and dagonals by bg the peces on these

on lnes. y puting o Rooks on a le or a Queen and a Bshop on a

diagonal you can create saons whee e lead pece can make excur

sions nt enemy teto under e watchl protecon of ts backup pece.

(Because the Queen and e ooks move n smla ways ts sometimes

even possble to tre on a le though not on a dagona) Doubling on ale or dagonal is known as cretg bte ateries ae he powerhouse

punches of chess and any opporun to create one must cel

cultvated

Playng D an Open FleWhen boh players have pawns on the same le e le s closed. When no

pawns are on a fle the fle s open And when only one players pawn s ona le the fle s haf-open Open les the Rooks hghways into the

opponent's postion In pacular the 7th rank s usually the Rooks ston

gest psiion and s sometmes refeed to as the "reeshment rank. A

Rook on the 7th rank reeshes tse by mnchng on enemy pawns whle

smultaneously eyeing the enemy King. Man authortes go so r as to

sy that geting a Rook on the 7th rank s worh a pawn sacrce Let's look

at some exmples


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1 a C

GM 7 . Whie10 y DAG 7 Whe 10 p.

By playing lRd7 in Diaga 7, White forks the -paw and bpawn

He aso es don Back's ng on te Te derence between tepotenta actvity of the two Rooks is ow strikng Aways do your best to

esure the activty of yor Rooks. Too oen, players t to deveop the

Bisops Knigts, ad Queen but do le to bng thei Rooks into the bate.

A stong as a Rook on te 7 rank is doubled Rooks on e th are even

onger Oen caled on he 7h doubled rooks on the th ank atackte eemy pieces wth the ferocit of wld boas. Suc colol expressions,

whatever thei orgis ceanly ep impress upon us ow powe these

Rooks become. In Diaga 7, White pays lRd7 ad iBlack defends is

pawn wih S ten 2Ree7 obliteates im eres an exaple:2h5 3Rg7 s 4g6 Black loses sevea pawns.

Placing two Rooks on the t poduces suc a song position that

sacrcing a pawn to acieve it is a eal bargan From e position sown

i Diagram 3, Wte plays lRe7 to whic Black responds 5 (I

Black deends with R7, then 2Rx7 Kx7 3Rd7+ gives Wite a active

Rook and Black a passive one, leavng Black badly ted up.) Now 2Rdd7

means Black will ose is ngside pawns as we as some o his Queen

side paws


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HA VN Btey on n Opn i o ion

DGRM 73 Whe 10 pay DIGM 74 Whie 10 pay

Undertandng the orance of he 7th rank ake t eaer to are·

cate the uefne of an oen e. n agra 7 Back oud be n good

hae he coud take the de th Rd o he coud revent Whte

fo enetatng t th fooed by 2Ke7 But unforunatey for

Back, t Whte ove By ayg IRd2 Wte ay to the deand Back oee to revent the chage to e 7th

e oton aga 75 aot dentcal to that n agra 7 e

derence that each de ha a

econd Rook No hen Whte goe

afer he de th lRd2 Back

abe to ount a chaenge th

I. d Hoever, Whte abto doube h Rook and create abatery enabe h to donae he

de t 2dl d2+ 3d2

Once agan Back unabe to to

Wte' nevtabe ju to the 7h

e donaton of e by dou

bng Rook on te condered a

DIGRAM 7. Whe 10 pay


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i nd Cbinin

stategy rather tha a tacc. A Russia childre's rhyme goes: ve pcical bu ju no acica!

However whe you add such baeies to tactics like pis doube atacksad back rk checkmates you ope up a whole world of combiate

possibilitiesDiagm 76 shows a example of doublg ad tipig o a le com

bied wi themes of double aack ad use of the pi Whe White plays

Bx7 Black ca t the folowg defeses

Kxh7, which leads to 2Qd3 (a double atck agast h7ad d7 2 K8 3d7 Whi has wo a paw

16 which taps the Bishop (Black hopes to wi it later).White the plays 2Qd2 cag a tple bey o the pied

Kight ad esuig that afer Black picks up the appedBishop hite will ejoy a oepaw advatage

15 or 1 c5 bo of which are met with 2Rd6 ad vaiatos similar to those poduced by he prevous wo defeses

ope le is paticularly usel i it povides a oute to the eemy

Kig's ecampmet ad ca be used for a checkmaig raid. I Diagram 77

hite threates to ed the game wi Qh8 or Qh7 Checkmate kowg

DAGAM 76 e 10 py DAGAM 77 B 0 py


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CR V ary a p Fl Dag

tat i Qeen i firml backed p

b te Rook on Back onl defene i 1 f6 er wic 2Qh(2Qxg6+ Qg7 3.Qxg7 Kxg7

4Rd7 R7 f 7 6R7

followed b .Rxb i alo adeqate

for a win) 2 3R7 Ke4Rxc7 Rxh 5Rxc kewer

Black oter Rook

n Diagram e le i onla on becae Blck a a paw

on . Wite wod like to e te

aopen le to pla for ceck-DM 8 Whie o py

mate He i willing to give p a lot of materia to reac i goa bt a direc

movelike .Q5 (treatening .Qx Ceckmate) allow ..Be (defend

ing te paw) werea LQd f5 gx ep. (en paan) gx brngBlack Qeen to te defene of te pawn. So Wite pla wt te in

tention of opening te deadl le b acricing a Rook l x7 72Qh 3Rhl (creatng a batter on te e) 3 f6 Black tirdmove i te onl wa to top Q8 Ceckmate Black i oping for .Q8

K wic wil aow im to rn wit i King However Wite next move

cloe te ecape atc 4g6 Black entombed Kng i doomed becae

5Q Ceckmate i inevitable and te King a nowere to rn.

Now t o and at a few tet oe tatfoow a involve Rook on

on le combined wt tactc


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T

PAR n bnn

S 62 s o is a exm of a iovere atack mae possibe by te battery of

Wites Rooks o te ope -e ts Wtesmove Ho ca e best tke avatge of te

sitato?

S 63 Wite coos e game case of is

io gp o te -ie. Bck cat move eier ofis Rooks or e ose is Kigt to Rx7

Moreover s Kigt is pie becse movgit rests i te oss o te -Rook. Ho ca

Wite tke avatage of tis very favorabe

sitto?

ST 64 Back is exertg some peasat ps·sre o Wtes 2pa s Wites t to pay.

Ho ca e reeve tis presse?


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CHAR V e o Ope Fie or Dgonl

EST 65 is test is quite bit hder th the

oers but its dicul so mkes it the petiest

ite hs scrced piece d pw to be ble

to mout ck log he h·le but Black hs

mged bock the ck by plcig his Kight

o h C Whi brek through?

Playing n an Open DiagnalOpe digols e to Bishops wht pe es e to Rooks I you hve

Bishops o the bod it's import to pce em o log ope digols

sotht they c costty threte swoop dow o the eemy posio

Sigicy i chturaga the ciet Idi precursor of chess Bishops

wee the equivet of chers who were cosideed to be good protectors

d give view fie tckers Alwys be o he let r wys to ope

up your positio i orde to give your Bishops moe om to opeteLet's look t few Bishops d the hvoc they c wek

I Digm 79 Blck is up wo

Exchges d pw ad i's his

move eveheless he is ded i

the wter Why? Becuse the Blck

Kig is stlemted so y check

is checkmte ddito Whites

tw beutil Bishps e scopigout their og digos Blcks

toubes are obvous White het

es to checkmte with b2+ ad

Blck is poweless to pevet it

DIGRM 7 py


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PAR cics nd Combinon

DIA i o y DA 8 . ite to

he si Diagra is rathe mdae bt it des demsate

that Bishs are a dager t a eem ieces the mage d gd

diagas Here, White hts dw the Back Rk wt B s

2Bb7 at which it the Rk has escae ad w be cated.Diagram 81 is a cassc ca f a g beig estcted i i emets

b a Bish. Back's Kg is staemated. s discssed i Chater Fie

Wte st t d a wa t break rgh becase a asg check

w be the as ch

Winning Chess Tactics

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