Wine, Cheese and Scholarship · 2018. 9. 1. · Wine, Cheese and Scholarship A Celebration of...
Transcript of Wine, Cheese and Scholarship · 2018. 9. 1. · Wine, Cheese and Scholarship A Celebration of...
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Wine, Cheese and Scholarship A Celebration of Faculty Research & Creativity
An exhibit of research proposals, research projects in process, findings, creative works, inter-‐disciplinary projects, scholarship of teaching and learning, and other scholarly endeavors of Shenandoah University faculty and their graduate students.
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The Faculty Research and Publications Committee
Works contained herein may not be reproduced without author permission. All Rights Reserved. © 2015.
The Faculty Research and Publications Committee and the Center for Teaching and Learning would like to thank everyone who made this event possible.
Vice President of Academic Affairs Adrienne Bloss for her support and encouragement
The Brandt Student Center staff for their help with room arrangements The Office of Marketing and Communications for helping to spread the word
The SU copy center for their outstanding printing services Sodexo for providing the all-‐important wine and cheese
And especially the presenters for their expertise, creativity and dedication
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Table of Contents
Adapting an Employee Appraisal System at a Private Human Services Agency to Promote Timeliness of Documentation of Services .......................................................................................................................................................................... 1 Attitude Changes in Oral Health Through International Interprofessional Practice Experiences ............................... 1 Community Stakeholder Perceptions of Resource Needs to Reduce Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths in Rural and Urban Regions of the Lord Fairfax Health District of Virginia ............................................................................................ 1 "Crooked Schemes:" The Goodie Mob and Outkast Encounter Metric Difference in the "Mainstream" ................... 2 Cultural Learning and Leadership Development Through Global Virtual Teams ............................................................... 2 Designing Daily Routines to Maximize Engagement and Interaction of Residents in a Community Based Group Home: The Mealtime ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 2 Dispensing Practices in India ..................................................................................................................................................................... 3 Effects of Focal Ankle Joint Cooling on Sural Nerve Conduction in Healthy and Sprained Ankle Joints ................... 3 Home and Work-‐Based Interventions For an Adult with Mental Illness: Two Analyses ................................................. 3 Investigating a New Discourse: The NCAA’s legitimacy as it relates to Corporate Social Responsibility and the Academy. ............................................................................................................................................................................................................. 4 Is It Research Or...Applied Behavior Analysis? ................................................................................................................................... 4 Is There A Common Solution To Rural/Urban Disparities? .......................................................................................................... 4 McCone – A Nurse from Hell’s Half Acre ............................................................................................................................................... 5 On Huntington's Disease: A Mathematical Model ............................................................................................................................. 5 Pharmacy Student Preferences on Instructional Strategies in a Mental Health Elective – Strategies Used and Lessons Learned .............................................................................................................................................................................................. 5 Prescription to Over-‐the-‐Counter Switches in the US ..................................................................................................................... 6 Reading in Graduate School: Students’ Perceptions and Practices ............................................................................................ 6 Setting the Standard for Asthma Education in our Community .................................................................................................. 6 Sport Video Games as Sport Management Pedagogy: A Look into Virtual Fields of Instruction .................................. 7 The Challenges of School Leadership ..................................................................................................................................................... 7 The Effect of Drinking High pH Water on perceived Larygopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) Symptoms of a Sample of Singers .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7 The Shenandoah University Writing Center Embedded Tutor Program ................................................................................ 8 Tonal Analyses in Chopin's 28 Preludes, Op. 28 using R programming .................................................................................. 8 Use of Preference Assessments and Peer Training to Increase Cooperative Play in a Child with Autism ............... 8
Abstracts are presented alphabetically
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Adapting an Employee Appraisal System at a Private Human Services Agency to Promote Timeliness of Documentation of Services Rebecca Carter, MS, Psychology, Shenandoah University Brandon F. Greene, PhD, BCBA-‐D, Coordinator, Applied Behavior Analysis Program, Shenandoah University
Note: This is one of a collection of presentations submitted by the Applied Behavior Analysis Program Applied Behavior Analysis shares an extensive intersection with the world of business. This intersection, often referred to as Organizational Behavior Management, has involved the development of effective practices to promote sales, safety, and quality control in a variety of industries and business. The This project is an example. The purpose of this project was to develop and determine the effects of an intervention package on decreasing the number of days late that human services workers submitted essential documents associated with service provision. This intervention package included individual performance feedback, prompting, and directly relating each employee's performance to the agency's performance evaluation system completed by the agency’s supervisor each year. This analysis indicated that most employees decreased their tardy submission of paperwork; several submitted it early.
Attitude Changes in Oral Health Through International Interprofessional Practice Experiences Anne Schempp, MPAS, PA-‐C, Assistant Professor, Physician Assistant Program, Shenandoah University Leocadia Conlon, MPH, PA-‐C, Assistant Professor, Physician Assistant Program, Shenandoah University
Purpose: To assess changes from baseline attitudes in regard to belief, commitment, intent and advocacy in oral health of students who participated in a medical trip to Leon, Nicaragua regarding delivery of oral health. Methods: After IRB approval, an on-‐line survey was administered pre-‐ and post-‐trip to the group of students and faculty participating in the trip. The survey addressed beliefs regarding oral health assessment, intent and commitment to implement oral health in practice, and statements regarding oral health advocacy. Results: 40/49, 27/49, and 25/49 completed three surveys before and after the experience, respectively. Percentages of each survey in the “strongly agree” or “agree” categories were compared in the four categories: oral health beliefs, intent, commitment, and advocacy. One of 3 belief questions showed an increase in level of agreement at one week post-‐trip, but show a decrease from baseline six-‐week post-‐trip survey. Remaining belief questions decline in agreement across all surveys. Advocacy questions show minute change from baseline and a decrease from baseline at six-‐weeks post-‐trip. All questions addressing intent and commitment show an increase in agreement. Discussion: Questions related to intention to practice oral health and commitment sustained an increase in agreement six-‐weeks post trip. This shows that practical experience strengthened the students’ perception of commitment and intention. The questions around belief and advocacy, however, changed slightly at one week but then declined in agreement at 6 weeks after the experience. This supports that fact that advocacy and beliefs are difficult to change in one isolated experience.
Community Stakeholder Perceptions of Resource Needs to Reduce Sudden Unexpected Infant Deaths in Rural and Urban Regions of the Lord Fairfax Health District of Virginia Audra Gollenberg, PhD, Assistant Professor of Public Health, Shenandoah University Kim Fendley, PhD, Associate Professor of Sociology, Shenandoah University Charles Devine, III, MD, Health Director, Lord Fairfax Health District
Background: While great progress has been made in reducing infant mortality (IM), racial/ethnic, geographic and socioeconomic disparities persist and sudden unexpected infant death (SUIDS) remains a leading cause of IM despite concerted efforts. Objectives: As a first step in using community-‐based participatory research (CBPR) for reducing IM, we assessed community stakeholder perceptions and resource needs regarding IM and SUIDS. Methods: Using chain-‐referral sampling, community-‐identified stakeholders were interviewed by principal investigators from 11/2012-‐12/2013 in two distinct locales: a racially/ethnically diverse, urban region, Winchester City (n=40) and a high-‐poverty, rural region, Page County, VA (n=34). The 16-‐item interview guide generated open-‐ended responses that were categorized according to emergent themes. Results: Stakeholders represented a variety of organizations including healthcare, education, law enforcement, non-‐profit, faith-‐based institutions, and citizens, and were predominantly non-‐Hispanic White in Winchester and Page, respectively (77% and 100%). The majority perceived that high-‐risk groups were not aware of SUIDS risk factors (50%), whereas a higher proportion responded “yes” in Winchester vs. Page (37% vs 18%; p=0.05), When asked about resource needs to reduce SUIDS, respondents shared a variety of perceptions. While the majority
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focused on “education” (73%), those working non-‐clinical fields were more likely to respond with “education” (>65%) vs. those in healthcare (53%; p=0.04). Other resource needs were improved access to medical care, drug treatment, parenting skills, and support groups. Conclusion and Implications: Despite a different sociodemographic profile, both urban and rural regions have similar rates of IM/SUIDS and community perceptions of resource needs are strikingly similar.
"Crooked Schemes:" The Goodie Mob and Outkast Encounter Metric Difference in the "Mainstream" Mitchell Ohriner, PhD, Assistant Professor of Music Theory, Musical Academics, Shenandoah University
Research into rap's flow by scholars including Adam Krims, Noriko Manabe, Kyle Adams, and Adam Bradley addresses how rappers place syllables, accents, and rhymes at certain metric locations to bolster or complement the meter of the (often sampled) instrumental beat. For example, many consecutive rap lines retain similar accent contours and end rhymes. This coordination between the meter of the beat and the rhythmic features of the rapping depends on the beat maintaining a single, stable meter. In Outkast's "Mainstream" from 1996, the instrumental beat contains both a clear triple meter in the guitar parts and a clear duple meter in the drum set. The MCs on the track (Khujo Goodie, T-‐Mo Goodie, André 3000, and Big Boi) must negotiate this metric difference. Drawing on models of rhythm in speech and music, I demonstrate how an MC might support one metric hearing or another. Specifically, through reiterated accentual patterns and three-‐beat durations between rhymes, T-‐Mo Goodie aligns more consistently with the triple meter of the guitar while André 3000 aligns with the duple meter of the drum set. Through a larger empirical study of the output of these two MCs, I also show how T-‐Mo Goodie’s performance practice enables him to integrate metric difference more readily. By examining flow in a rare track without an unadorned duple meter, I hope to elaborate analytical descriptions of the ways MC's can interact with the meter of rap music.
Cultural Learning and Leadership Development Through Global Virtual Teams RT Good, PhD, Associate Dean and Professor, Business Management Program, Shenandoah University Bethany Galipeau-‐Konate, PhD, Director Center for International Programs, Shenandoah University Christine Naschberger, PhD, Professor at Audencia Nantes School of Management in France
This paper presents on a study focusing on cultural learning and leadership development through global virtual teamwork. The objective of this paper is to better understand to what degree cultural intelligence and leadership qualities are developed through working in a global virtual team. This investigation includes quantitative and qualitative analysis from a sample of 79 MBA participants from culturally diverse backgrounds from two higher education institutions. This study involves exploratory methodological design to advance action research. The level of intercultural and leadership competencies were measured for change in a pre/post study design over three months utilizing Cultural Intelligence and Student Leadership Practices Inventories.
Designing Daily Routines to Maximize Engagement and Interaction of Residents in a Community Based Group Home: The Mealtime Katrina Ganoe, MS, Psychology, Grafton Integrated Health Network, Shenandoah University Brandon F. Greene, PhD, BCBA-‐D, Coordinator, Applied Behavior Analysis Program, Shenandoah University
Note: This is one in a collection of presentation from the Applied Behavior Analysis Program A growing number of adults with developmental/intellectual disabilities are living in congregate care settings such as group homes. This trend is driven, in part, by the assumption that such settings afford greater opportunities for "normal" or typical activities that are enjoyed by individuals without disabilities. Indeed, opportunities to participate in activities of daily living are essential to the habilitation of these individuals with developmental disabilities. However, these opportunities are often preempted by the work routines of staff and management. For instance, staff often prepare, serve and clean-‐up daily meals with no involvement from the clientele. The present project was designed to increase the engagement of individuals with developmental disabilities in the tasks of preparing, serving and clean-‐up of dinner at the group home. Two conditions were studied: (1) a staff-‐directed condition, during which staff prepared, served and cleaned up the dinner without any substantial client involvement, and (2) a client-‐directed condition, during which staff were trained and supervised to encourage greater involvement of the clients in each aspect of mealtime. An alternating treatment design indicated that, compared to the staff-‐directed condition, the client-‐directed condition resulted not only in clients' greater involvement in mealtime tasks, but in greater amounts of interaction among clients and less sedentary and isolated activity.
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Dispensing Practices in India Avinash Darekar, PhD, KCT’s R.G.Sapkal College of Pharmacy, Nashik, India Isha Patel, PhD, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Marilee Clemons BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Akram Ahmad PharmD, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Xi Tan PharmD, University of Michigan Rajat Ran, PharmD, Acharya B M Reddy College Of Pharmacy, Bengaluru, Karnataka India Deepak Bhatia, PhD, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Jongwha Chang, PhD, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University
Physician dispensing is a practice where a physician dispenses medications to their patients, avoiding the need for the patient to use a retail pharmacy to fill their prescription. This practice is not well regulated in India where about 80% of physicians dispense, and can lead to a lot of monetary gains for the physician. This practice also affects pharmacies because they lose business and are not able to effectively compete with the increasing number of dispensing physicians. Because physician dispensing tends to revolve around money, there is a potential that patient care could be hindered due to physicians prescribing medications that are not medically necessary in order to receive higher profits. Regulations, such as those in the United States that prohibit physicians from receiving profits from dispensing, should be in place in India to reduce patient risk as well as to prevent pharmacies from going out of business.
Effects of Focal Ankle Joint Cooling on Sural Nerve Conduction in Healthy and Sprained Ankle Joints Kimberly Pritchard, PhD, VATL, ATC, Assistant Professor, Athletic Training Program, Shenandoah University
Context: The physiological effects of cryotherapy are not well understood and may be misleading because much of the current research examines healthy, non-‐painful participants. Objective: To compare the effects of focal ankle joint cooling on sural nerve conduction in healthy and subacute lateral ankle sprain participants. Patients: 34 participants (23 healthy controls, 11 ankle sprains). Ankle sprains were tested within 5-‐14 days of injury and confirmed mild pain during activity. Intervention(s): Focal ankle joint cooling using 2-‐0.5 L crushed ice bags with compression for 15 minutes. Main Outcome Measures: Sensory nerve action potential measures of the sural nerve at baseline and post-‐intervention. Results: Onset latency and peak latency were similar at baseline and post-‐intervention in both groups, but focal joint cooling significantly increased both latencies in each group. At baseline, amplitude values were lower in the ankle sprain group. Focal joint cooling significantly increased amplitude in both groups, but the groups were no longer different after the intervention. Nerve conduction velocity was slower in the ankle sprain group prior to intervention, and further decreased after cooling; the healthy group also saw a decrease in conduction velocity, but the groups were no longer different. Conclusions: Patients experiencing mild pain after ankle sprains had lower amplitude and slower conduction velocity at baseline compared to healthy participants. Focal joint cooling altered all portions of sensory nerve action potential measurements, but did not result any differences between groups. Applying focal cooling to an injured joint may make injured joints appear more like healthy joints.
Home and Work-‐Based Interventions For an Adult with Mental Illness: Two Analyses Bethany Deitz, Graduate Studies, Psychology, Shenandoah University Brandon F. Greene, PhD, BCBA-‐D, Coordinator, Applied Behavior Analysis Program, Shenandoah University
Note: This is one in a collection of presentations from the ABA Program Two analyses were conducted with a 34-‐year-‐old male who possessed multiple mental health diagnoses. The first analysis was conducted in his home and involved housekeeping behavior (mealtime garbage disposal). A token-‐based reward system was used in a changing criterion design. Results indicated a change in housekeeping that met the criteria in all categories; results were maintained in the follow up phase. The second analysis was conducted at the participant’s workplace and involved his social behavior. This study employed a multiple baseline across behaviors design and included a limited component analysis of the effect of coaching, social praise and physical reminders, which served as the independent variables selected to improve his interactions with co-‐workers. Results indicated significant levels of improvement in his social behavior that enabled the participant to keep his job, which had been in jeopardy at the beginning of the analysis.
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Investigating a New Discourse: The NCAA’s legitimacy as it relates to Corporate Social Responsibility and the Academy. Fritz G. Polite, PhD, Director of Sport Management Program, Shenandoah University Jacob Young, Graduate Studies, MBA, Shenandoah University Nicholas Schlereth, Doctoral Candidate, University of New Mexico
With the change in societal priorities, corporate social responsibility is becoming more of a staple to strategic planning for organizations. Strategic planning in any organization sets the tone for what is important to the organization. This translates to how the organization functions and how priority is assigned. This logic transcends the organization and disseminates to social actors (Thorton & Ocasto, 1999). The institutional logic is a key component in how the social actors accept and/or endorses an organization, thus conferring organizational legitimacy (Meyers & Rowan, 1977). Recent court rulings have magnified the NCAA position as an amateur model from which the organization has traditionally drawn its legitimacy. There is a three-‐prong test in order for legitimacy to be conferred on an organization. They are reasonableness, rationality, and validity (Meyers & Rowan, 1977). The NCAA has traditionally stated that the priority and focus of the organization is the student athlete (NCAA, 2004). The amateur student athlete model can be considered an institutional myth, or a statement that is just presumed to be true due to the fact that it was grounded in the NCAA’s institutional logic. When an institutional myth is questioned and does not hold up to scrutiny, the organization loses one of the pillars of its legitimacy, validity (Meyers & Rowan, 1977). The purpose of this is to investigate a discourse into the legitimacy of the NCAA in relationship to its corporate social responsibility within the constructs of the academy.
Is It Research Or...Applied Behavior Analysis? Brandon F. Greene, PhD, BCBA-‐D, Coordinator, Applied Behavior Analysis Program, Shenandoah University
Note: This is one in a collection of presentations from the ABA Program Applied Behavior Analysis is a process for measuring and effecting change in the behavior of individuals, groups and organizations. It may focus as readily on issues as diverse as the learning difficulties of an autistic child, the energy conservation practices of a community, the productivity of a business, or a university’s success at recruiting and retaining students. Its practices are based on the scientific method and, as such, share certain characteristics with research including an emphasis on the systematic collection of data and an attempt to identify causal relationships between independent and dependent variables (i.e., programs and program outcomes). Often, however, there are important differences between applied behavior analysis and research (as it is traditionally practiced) including the selection of problems to study; the population in which to study them; and the tactics and purposes for testing interventions (independent variables), analyzing data, and ascribing causality. This poster presentation will highlight these differences. It will also provide a cornerstone for four (4) other poster presentations that feature the application of behavior analysis to problems ranging from the design of daily routines at a group home to the timeliness of service documentation at a counseling agency. These applications were completed, under the guidance of Dr. Brandon F. Greene, by graduate students in the first cohort of the Masters Program in Applied Behavior Analysis at Shenandoah University.
Is There A Common Solution To Rural/Urban Disparities? Kim Fendley, PhD, Associate Professor of Sociology, Shenandoah University Audra Gollenberg, PhD, Assistant Professor of Public Health, Shenandoah University Charles Devine, III, MD, Health Director, Lord Fairfax Health District
Purpose: Despite the progress made in infant mortality (IM) since the early 1900s, little reduction has been seen in recent years and substantial disparities remain across socioeconomic, racial/ethnic, and rural/urban gradients. We sought to examine how rural and urban stakeholders perceive maternal/child health disparities in two distinct Virginia communities: Winchester (diverse/urban) and Page County (low SES/rural). Methods: As a first step in developing coalitions for community-‐based participatory research, a snowball sampling method was used to identify and interview 74 community stakeholders in healthcare, social services, local government, non-‐profit agencies, faith-‐based institutions and citizens in each locale between November 2012-‐December 2013. Questions were open-‐ended and responses were categorized into thematic answers. Results: The rural versus urban leadership perceive very different health disparities. While both list ‘low income’ populations as high-‐risk, urban leaders identify African-‐Americans and Hispanics (28%) and adolescent/single mothers (19%) as their groups of concern. In contrast, Page identifies groups with low income (37%), low education (16%), and substance abuse (16%). A variety of other responses tell a story of the wide range of
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perceptions of the stakeholders. “More education” was the overwhelming response from both locales as a solution to IM rates. Discussion/Conclusion: Winchester leadership identifies specific high-‐risk populations who can be targeted in the city, whereas Page County has generations-‐old family traditions guiding parental decisions. These data inform the coalitions that education and outreach to inform isolated populations, update cultural knowledge, and teach the leadership current research on IM is needed and should realize positive changes in infant health. Grant Support: Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development R13 HD075496. Awarded to Shenandoah University, 2012-‐2015
McCone – A Nurse from Hell’s Half Acre Jennifer Matthews, PhD, RN, CNS, FAAN, Auxiliary Adjunct Professor, Shenandoah University Juanita Carter, RN, WMH Class 1953 Rebecca Myers, MSN, CMSRN, adjunct Clinical Instructor, Shenandoah University
Background: This poster presentation is an historical qualitative review which documents part of the career of Mary Jane McCone, RN, Major, US Army Nurse Corps. She served 36 years as the Director of Nurses at Winchester Memorial Hospital from 1935 until 1968 except four years service in World War II. There is little in the literature about service of nurses in World War II which included their work during the Anzio Italy campaign – this review focuses on McCone and other nurses during the Anzio campaign. Purpose: The purpose is to educate a new generation of nurses and the public about the legacy of McCone’s service and her standards and virtues and her legacy. Methods: There was a review of available archives concerning Miss McCone at renowned libraries, organizations, and the Office of US Military History, as well as interviews with individuals who worked for and with Miss McCone; or interviews with individuals who inherited legacy activities of Miss McCone. Protection of Human Subjects: This is a historic study. The documents accessed either by print or on internet archives are part of the public and military records; none were classified or embargoed. Findings: The findings comprise part of a chronology of the life and career of Miss Mary Jane McCone. Strengths: Interviews with nurses who had been her students, direct colleagues, and individuals who were education and community leaders as well as state leaders. There were no audio/video recordings; written records were made of the interviews. Limitations: Documentation about females in the military and in the military nurse corps are sketchy at best, none at all, and frequently consists of broad statements of about the medical units. The ‘Fog of War’ in WWII leaves broad gaps about personnel service and achievements of the soldiers and military personnel.
On Huntington's Disease: A Mathematical Model Paula Grajdeanu, PhD, Applied Mathematics, Associate Professor of Mathematics, Shenandoah University Kevin Cappello, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Lowell Edkins, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Kathleen Lasick, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Juan Panuco, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Jasper Jade Raquindin, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Lauren Richardson, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University Erin Weddle, Graduate Studies, Shenandoah University
This is a collaborative project between mathematics majors and biosciences majors, aiming to explore mathematical tools and computer programming concepts that could be relevant to Huntington's Disease. Ultimately, brainstorming sessions will lead to translation of biological phenomena characteristic to Huntington's Disease into mathematical models that could help answer questions related to the disease (treatment, disease onset, disease dynamics, etc.).
Pharmacy Student Preferences on Instructional Strategies in a Mental Health Elective – Strategies Used and Lessons Learned Gina Ayers, PharmD Candidate, Shenandoah University Mitsi Lizer, PharmD, BCPP, Residency Program Director, Shenandoah University Richard Pierce, EdD, Associate Professor Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Shenandoah University Teresa Elsobky, PharmD, Assistant Professor Pharmacy Practice, Shenandoah University
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Objective: The purposes of this study included: 1) to review students' perceptions of the effectiveness of instructional activities to improve knowledge of issues surrounding mental illness, and 2) to assess students' perceptions of the impact of instructional tools to destigmatize issues surrounding the mental health population. Methods: A non-‐experimental survey design study was conducted between 2008 and 2012 to identify student attitudes regarding the efficacy of various instructional tools to improve knowledge of mental illness and to destigmatize mental illness. Results: Significant differences were found in student perceptions of instructional strategies for improving knowledge and for destigmatizing mental health. The use of videos in class was considered by students to be the most effective instructional tool for learning compared to required texts, patient encounters, or student generated artifacts. Direct patient encounters through visits to National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) meetings or invited speakers were considered the most efficacious instructional strategy by students for destigmatizing mental health issues. Conclusions: Faculty members may benefit from previous efforts in the scholarship of teaching and learning (SOTL) when designing learning experiences. In order to develop student-‐centered learning activities, practitioners should be aware of, and responsive to, student preferences. Incorporation of experiences that are valued by the student is an example of continuous improvement and reflective practice.
Prescription to Over-‐the-‐Counter Switches in the US Jongwha Chang PhD, McWhorter School of Pharmacy, Samford University Allie Lizer BS, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Isha Patel PhD, Bernard J. Dunn School of Pharmacy, Shenandoah University Akram Ahmad PharmD, UCSI University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Xi Tan PharmD, University of Michigan
As the role of the pharmacist becomes more patient and counseling-‐centered, the healthcare market is changing to keep up with more modern needs, such as self-‐treatment. This study reviews the impact of switching prescription medication to OTC on consumers, providers, drug manufacturers and insurers. Self-‐treatment allows patients to diagnose their own condition and then head to a pharmacy to pick appropriate medication to treat their symptoms. This allows much more freedom for the consumer to take an active role in his or her own health. In order for patients to self-‐treat, there needs to be access to over-‐the-‐counter medication that they can utilize. Many medications that are available as over-‐the-‐counter today were once prescription medications. As more studies and trials are done for different drugs they may be deemed as safe and accurate for use without a prescription.
Reading in Graduate School: Students’ Perceptions and Practices Rosemary Green, PhD, Graduate Programs Librarian, Shenandoah University
Graduate students must become purposeful, critical, and proficient readers. The academy and their fields require mastery of disciplinary discourse, delivered in increasing textual complexity and quantity throughout the graduate curriculum. Expertise with academic reading is assumed as a condition of acceptance to graduate school. However, the processes by which graduate learners negotiate academic reading have received little research and pedagogical attention. Despite the centrality of reading, it remains a hidden practice. During the spring 2014 semester, I commenced a practice-‐based research project (SU IRB approval 2014-‐2015). This study represents a small-‐scale effort to uncover graduate students’ perceptions of and practices in academic reading. My inquiry is guided by two questions: What are students’ perceptions of graduate-‐level reading? and How do students manage graduate-‐level reading? I am currently collecting narrative data from graduate Conservatory students enrolled in research methods and academic writing courses that I teach. I continue to analyze the narratives for emergent themes, guided by a critical literacy framework. In this session, I aim to encourage a reconsideration of academic reading from graduate students’ perspectives. I invite exhibit attendees to share their understandings of graduate students’ approaches to reading, and together we may turn our pedagogical lenses inward to explore our own expectations, perceptions, and practices.
Setting the Standard for Asthma Education in our Community Melissa Carroll, MHSc, BSRT, Shenandoah University
As asthma continues in increase its grip on the children of the United States, an increasing need for a gold standard of treatment and education becomes apparent. An investigation of current trends of patient education in the Winchester, Virginia community revealed a blatant lack of asthma education opportunities for families of asthmatic children. Further implicating the need for appropriate models for asthma education are poverty and low health literacy. Literature was reviewed regarding the demographics of community and asthma, correlations between low
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health literacy, poverty, and asthma, as well as possible resolutions for this community education inadequacy. The literature reviewed provided clear correlations between poverty, minimal education, and low health literacy as well as correlations between the aforementioned and poor asthma outcomes. Resolutions to the identified inadequacies such as shared medical appointments and multiple educational platforms were evaluated and proved to be viable options for improved asthma education for families of asthmatic children of low health literacy. The presentation represents literature reviewed and proposal for a solution.
Sport Video Games as Sport Management Pedagogy: A Look into Virtual Fields of Instruction Joey Gawrysiak, PhD, Assistant Professor of Sport Management in the School of Business, Shenandoah University
Sport Management as an academic field and area of scholarly research has grown quickly over the past 30 years as multiple countries understand the need for sport management practitioners. Similarly, video games have grown from simple games to complex systems of not only play, but also of information dissemination. The use of video games and simulations to teach various lessons has been used for decades, but not in the case of sport management. Contemporary sport video games allow for users to place themselves in the shoes of mangers, general managers, and sometimes even owners. It is yet to be seen if sport video games can actually teach lessons normally reserved for classroom discussion and exploration. With the advances in technology and the growing sophistication of sport video games, it may be that gamers can learn concepts of sport management in virtual space and time. This work aims at comparing a popular sport video game manager mode with a sport simulation not aimed at entertainment value on looking at whether or not students can enhance sport management learning and understanding. It extends previous work done by Giannoulakis (2009) in taking a look at entertainment games in relation to sport simulations to teach sport management lessons, as well as updating work in this field with contemporary games. Manager Mode on NBA 2K15 for the Xbox One is compared to Out of the Park Baseball simulation for purposes of this work.
The Challenges of School Leadership Dennis Kellison, EdD, Acting Director of the School of Education and Human Development, Shenandoah University Jerry Putt, EdD Administrative Leadership Student, Shenandoah University; Principal, Daniel Morgan Middle School
As head of the Educational Administration Program at Shenandoah University, it is the responsibility of our program to graduate competent, highly skilled, knowledgeable, school administrators to be our future school leaders. New administrators face several challenges as they begin their careers as school leaders. One initial hurdle is ‘surviving’ the first year. No amount of academic preparation can totally prepare one for that initial assignment. Mr. Jerry Putt was appointed in August 2014 as principal of Daniel Morgan Middle School in Winchester. He is also a student in our EdD program. Mr. Putt is audio recording his daily activities as a principal over the course of his first year. The recordings will be transcribed and then his activities will be coded using major leadership characteristics from the research as themes. The results will be analyzed and categorized in order to give them meaning. Over the long-‐term, this information will be shared in the form of articles and presentations for Educational Administration courses and professional organizations. Future administrators can gain valuable insight into the challenges and responsibilities of initial school leadership as a result of our study.
The Effect of Drinking High pH Water on perceived Larygopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) Symptoms of a Sample of Singers Kathleen Bell, Graduate Studies, Voice Pedagogy, Shenandoah University Conservatory
Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) is a prevalent health concern and its symptoms can be debilitating for voice professionals. Common treatments include behavioral modification, pharmaceutical treatment and surgical intervention. Results from these strategies are at best inconsistent and at worst problematic. Dr. Jamie Koufman states that the acidification of the American diet has affected the prevalence of LPR. Her in vitro study and anecdotal evidence have suggested drinking high pH water as a safe, readily available low cost option (less than $2.50/day) to denature pepsin present in the esophagus and alleviate LPR symptoms. To date no clinical studies on the efficacy of this treatment have been published. In order to respond to the need for more specific research, I asked singers from the community in which I currently reside and teach with symptoms of LPR to drink high pH water. Using non probability sampling techniques, a snowball sample was gathered for participation in the study (N=34). Study participants completed three activities: 1) filled out the Reflux Symptom Index (RSI) 2) answered the singer specific questions (SSQ) and 3) filled out a food journal before the study and after drinking water with a pH of 9.5. No lifestyle or dietary changes outside of drinking the high pH water were allowed for the purposes of the study. The data results reveal a compelling reduction in both the RSI & SSQ for 21 of the 34 participants.
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The Shenandoah University Writing Center Embedded Tutor Program Doug Enders, PhD, Professor of English; Director of the SU Writing Center, Shenandoah University Warren Hofstra, PhD, Professor of History; Director of Shenandoah University Community History Project
The Shenandoah University Writing Center Embedded Tutor Program represents an evolving collaboration between the Writing Center and the university’s undergraduate history department. Initiated by Doug Enders, director of the Writing Center, and Warren Hofstra, Professor of History, the program has facilitated both sides of the teaching-‐learning process in several upper and lower history courses by assisting faculty in using writing in their courses to develop students’ critical thinking and writing skills and by empowering students to better understand their discipline-‐specific writing tasks and to apply strategies necessary to complete those tasks successfully. Within the program, the embedded Writing Center tutor acts as a liaison between faculty and students by participating in class sessions; engaging in tutorials with students; and consulting with faculty about writing assignment design and student progress in responding to assignments. Assessment of the program’s impact shows that undergraduate students in courses with embedded tutors achieved statistically higher scores on targeted writing objectives than did students in classes without embedded tutors. This project exhibition proposes: (1) to demonstrate how the embedded tutor program has equipped students with the requisite skills in critical thinking, analytical reasoning, and expository writing necessary to complete research and essay-‐writing projects in the disciplines; (2) to develop a model for tutorial support of students in the areas of critical thinking and effective writing that can be adopted by faculty in other disciplines and departments at Shenandoah University; and (3) to contribute to the Scholarship of Teaching in an essential but often neglected field of higher education.
Tonal Analyses in Chopin's 28 Preludes, Op. 28 using R Programming Alina Kirshon Goldman, DMA Voice Performance, Shenandoah University Conservatory
The purpose of this research project was to exemplify one of many possible usages of programming in music theory research. R Programming language, which was originally developed to perform statistical data analyses, was adopted by music theorists to perform a variety of analytical tasks such as lyrics, rhythm and tonal analyses. In this study I used R Programming skills learned in the Music as Information course to create a program that performed a pitch class distribution analysis of Chopin’s 28 preludes and Haydn’s string quartets op. 17. Through this analysis I was hoping to learn more about key representation in Chopin's preludes. To evaluate Chopin’s key establishment, I compared my findings with a more conventional tonal structure in Haydn’s quartets. Since the data were in different formats, I had to find a way to compare similar parameters. For that purpose I used only a pitch class distribution (individual notes) and not a pitch class set distribution (chords). For visual facilitation, all results were transposed to the key of C. R Programming language allowed for the results to be represented easily through plotting. The analysis of my results revealed that Chopin’s chromaticism is represented by a strong presence of notes outside of the key. He expanded the traditional technique of establishing a key and often chose to begin his preludes with tonal ambiguity. The use of my newly acquired R Programming skills allowed me to perform the analysis in a very short period of time.
Use of Preference Assessments and Peer Training to Increase Cooperative Play in a Child with Autism Diana Hayes, MS, Psychology, Shenandoah University, Grafton Integrated Health Network Brandon F. Greene, PhD, BCBA-‐D, Coordinator, Applied Behavior Analysis Program, Shenandoah University
Note: This is one of a collection of presentations submitted by the Applied Behavior Analysis Program A common characteristic of people with Autism Spectrum Disorder is a lack of social interaction with their typically developing peers. There is extensive research on strategies to promote social interaction, many of which focus on peer training. There is also extensive research on methods to determine the preference of children with disabilities for certain stimuli, typically in preparation for using those stimuli as reinforcers. In the present project, the most and least preferred stimuli of a child with autism were identified and presented during play sessions to determine the extent to which those would set the occasion for, or affect, social interaction with a typically developing peer. The most and least preferred stimuli were determined using a brief multiple stimulus without replacement preference assessment. A multi-‐element analysis evaluated the impact of these two conditions on a three-‐year-‐old child with autism. The results indicated that the stimuli most preferred by the child with autism facilitated higher levels of his cooperative play with a typically developing peer than least preferred stimuli. The findings suggest the preference of an item can increase the occasion for a child with autism to participate in cooperative play with peers.