Wind-Induced Vibration of Bridge Cables in the...
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Wind-Induced Vibration of Bridge Cables in the United States
H.R. BoschDirector, FHWA Aerodynamics Laboratory
2nd Workshop on Wind-Induced Vibrations of Cable-Stayed Bridges
St. Louis, MO
April 25-27, 2006
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US Cable-Stayed Bridges
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Luling Bridge
Overview
Bridge monitoredsince opening (1984)
Comprehensivecable inspectionunderway (2006)
Occasional cablevibrations observed
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Luling Bridge
Stays and Cross-Girders
Stays in groups of 2 or 4
Stays are grouted
Smooth PE pipe, nohelical fillet
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Luling Bridge
Neoprene Washer
Black HDPE pipe
Covered with white tapewhile in service
Neoprene washer at cross-girder
No internal neoprene bushings
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Fred Hartman Bridge
Overview
Vibrations duringconstruction
Cross-ties later removeddue to failure
Cross-ties added shortlyafter opening
Dampers recently added
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Fred Hartman Bridge
Original Cross Ties
Figure “8” Configuration
Stays grouted
Covered with yellow tape
Smooth surface
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Fred Hartman Bridge
Wire Failures Guide Pipe Failures
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Fred Hartman Bridge
Dampers
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Veteran’s Memorial Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Vibrations observedin service
Smooth surface
Covered with yellowtape
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Veteran’s Memorial Bridge
Dampers
Aerodynamic rings anddampers evaluated
Recently retrofit withdampers
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Burlington Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Vibrations observedduring construction
Cross-ties added 1995(1 year after opening)
Smooth surface
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Burlington Bridge
Cross-Ties – Two Lines
Cross-ties not anchored to deck
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Burlington Bridge
Cross-Ties – Three Lines
Cross-ties not anchored to deck
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Burlington Bridge
Cross Tie Configuration – Figure “8”
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Weirton-Steubenville Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Smooth surface
Covered with whitetape
Vibrations observedduring construction
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Weirton-Steubenville Bridge
Damper Assembly – Behind Facia Panel
Retrofit with dampers(2004)
Dampers at upper end
Two dampers per cable
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East Huntington Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Smooth surface
Covered with whitetape
Vibrations observedin service
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East Huntington Bridge
Damper Assembly – Behind Facia Panel
Retrofit with dampers
Dampers at upper end
Single damper per cable
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East Huntington Bridge
Damper Array – Looking Up Tower
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Clark Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Smooth surface
Vibrations observedduring construction
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Clark Bridge
Cross-Ties – Two Lines
Cross-ties anchored to deck
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Clark Bridge
Cross-Ties – Two Lines
Cross-ties anchored to deck
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Talmadge Bridge
Overview
Stays grouted
Smooth surface
Covered with whitetape
Occasional vibrationsobserved in service
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Talmadge Bridge
Concrete spalling and cracked guide pipe
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Cochrane Bridge
Overview
Cables retrofit withdampers
Significant vibrationsobserved in service
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Cochrane Bridge
Damper
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Charles River Bridge
Overview
Ungrouted stays
HDPE pipe withhelical fillet
Cross-ties
Elastomeric dampers
Included in design:
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Charles River Bridge
Cross Tie and Deck Anchorage
Single line of cross-tiesanchored to deck
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Charles River Bridge
Cross Ties and Aerodynamic Surface
In-line configuration
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Charles River Bridge
Elastomeric Damper
During Installation
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Cape Girardeau Bridge
Overview
Stays are grouted
HDPE pipe withhelical fillet
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Cape Girardeau Bridge
Cross Tie and Aerodynamic Surface
Four lines of cross-ties
Aerodynamic surface
In-line configuration
Included in design:
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Cape Girardeau Bridge
Cross Tie Deck Anchorage
Each cross-tie line anchored to edge girder
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Cooper River Bridge
Overview
Helical fillet
Several types of dampers
Provisions for futurecross-ties
Included in design:
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Cooper River Bridge
Provisions for Future Wind Ties
Helical filletWind tie fitting
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Cooper River Bridge
Dampers
Internal External