Sonic X

Sonic X (Japanese: ソニック X Hepburn: SonikkuEkkusu) is a Japanese anime television series created byTMS Entertainment and based on the Sonic the Hedgehogvideo game series published by Sega. Sonic X initiallyran for fifty-two episodes, which were broadcast on TVTokyo from April 6, 2003, to March 28, 2004; a furthertwenty-six were aired in non-Japanese regions such as theUnited States, Europe, and the Middle East from 2005 to2006. The show's American localization and broadcast-ing were handled by 4Kids Entertainment̶which heavilyedited the content and created new music̶until 2012,when Saban Brands obtained the rights to the series, andlater in 2015 by Discotek Media.The plot follows a group of anthropomorphic animalsoriginating from the games̶such as Sonic the Hedge-hog, Tails, Amy Rose, and Cream the Rabbit̶and ahuman boy named Chris Thorndyke, whom the animalsmeet after teleporting from their home planet to Earth.While on Earth, they repeatedly scuffle with antagonistDoctor Eggman and his robots over control of the power-ful Chaos Emeralds, while also adjusting to their status ascelebrities. The final story arc sees the friends return withChris to their world, where they enter outer space with anewfound plant-like creature named Cosmo and fight anarmy of creatures called the Metarex.Sonic X received mixed reviews from critics. Gener-ally, writers criticized its American localization and someof the characters, while being more generous toward itsstory and aesthetics. The series was very popular in theUnited States, though less so in its native Japan. Theshow's merchandise included an edutainment video gamefor the Leapster, a trading card game, a comic book se-ries featuring an original storyline, and various toys andother items. The phrase “gotta go fast”, the title ofthe show's North American theme song, has survived asa Sonic catchphrase for over a decade after the show's ini-tial release.

1 Plot

See also: List of Sonic X episodes, List of Sonic theHedgehog characters, Sonic Adventure, Sonic Adventure2 and Sonic Battle

Sonic the Hedgehog attempts to destroy the base ofDoctor Eggman and retrieve seven Chaos Emeralds. Oneof Eggman's robots inadvertently shoots a machine con-

taining the Emeralds, which activates the“Chaos Con-trol”technique. This teleports Sonic, Eggman, and someof Sonic's other anthropomorphic friends̶Tails, AmyRose, Cream the Rabbit (with Cheese the Chao), Bigthe Cat (with his frog Froggy), Rouge the Bat, Knucklesthe Echidna, and the Chaotix (a detective crew com-prising Espio the Chameleon, Vector the Crocodile, andCharmy Bee)̶to Earth, the parallel-universe version oftheir world. Sonic is chased by police, escapes into a man-sion's swimming pool, and is rescued by a twelve-year-old boy named Chris Thorndyke, who lives there withhis movie-star mother Lindsey, corporate executive fa-ther Nelson, scientist grandfather Chuck, maid and chefElla, and butler Tanaka. Chris tries to hide the animalsfrom his family until Cream accidentally reveals them,but they all build up a good rapport with Chris' familyand with Chris' friends Danny, Francis, and Helen.The animals still want to return home, so they repeat-edly scuffle for the Emeralds with Eggman, his robot as-sistants̶the hyperactive, attention-seeking Bokkun andthe bumbling Bocoe and Decoe̶and his larger, armedrobots. Eggman plans to take over the world, catching theattention of the unnamed nation's President, so Knuckles,Rouge, and federal agent Topaz work to stop him. Theother animals soon join the crusade and, when Eggmanis defeated, they are all hailed as heroes. However, theunfazed Eggman awakens a creature named Chaos froma huge gem called the Master Emerald. The animals fighta losing battle to retrieve the Emeralds until Chaos ab-sorbs all seven and becomes giant, but an echidna girlnamed Tikal, who entombed herself and Chaos in theMaster Emerald millennia ago, emerges to help placatehim. After Sonic uses the Chaos Emeralds to becomeSuper Sonic, he defeats Chaos, who returns to the MasterEmerald with Tikal.Shortly afterwards, Eggman finds his grandfather GeraldRobotnik's diary and Gerald's old project Shadow in amilitary base. After being released by Eggman, Shadowbreaks into a museum to steal an Emerald and is mis-taken for Sonic, which gets Sonic arrested. Amy rescueshim, but Shadow, Eggman, and the duplicitous Rougeescape to the space colony ARK, where Eggman threat-ens to use a weapon called the Eclipse Cannon to destroyEarth if Earth does not submit to his rule; he blows uphalf of the Moon to prove his power. Eggman collectsthe Emeralds to power the Cannon, but this triggers a pro-gram Gerald set up decades ago, which will destroy Earthin hours. Everyone works together to shut it down ex-cept Shadow, who is unsympathetic until Chris convinces

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2 2 HISTORY

him. Shadow and Sonic power up using the Emeraldsand reroute the ARK away from Earth, seemingly killingShadow. Eggman rebuilds the Moon, seemingly out ofremorse, but its position shifts, creating a solar eclipse,so he manufactures and sells“Sunshine Balls”to repli-cate sunlight. Sonic sees through his greedy motivations,and Eggman is arrested for fraud. Bokkun activates arobot named Emerl, who quickly allies with the animals,and Eggman escapes prison. Emerl wins an Emerald in amartial arts tournament involving numerous hero and vil-lain characters, but he goes berserk and begins to wreckthe city, so Cream and Cheese have to destroy him.Later, two government physicists show up at Chris' man-sion to announce that the animals' world and Earth wereonce a single world split in two by a cataclysmic event,but are rejoining, which will stop time irreversibly, andthe only way to stop it is to send the animals back home.Tails and Chuck begin to build a gate to teleport the an-imals back to their own world with Chaos Control, butChris does not want them to leave. When it is finishedand all of the animals but Sonic have left, Chris suddenlyshuts the machine down and whisks Sonic into the woodsto hide. Sonic is understanding, and Chris' parents findhim and promise to spend more time with him. WithChris' approval, Sonic returns to his own planet, stoppingthe merging of the worlds. However, Chris vows that oneday, he will see Sonic again.Six months later, a race of villainous robots known asthe Metarex attempt to steal the Emeralds from Sonic,but he scatters them across the galaxy. Meanwhile onEarth, where six years have passed and Chris is now eigh-teen, Chris builds another device to return to the ani-mals' world; he is twelve again when he arrives. A sickplant-like girl named Cosmo lands on their planet andthey nurse her back to health, so she joins them, andthey all board Tails' new spaceship, the Blue Typhoon.On the Typhoon, they scour the galaxy for the Emeraldsand “Planet Eggs”(objects that allow life to flourishon planets, which the Metarex have stolen to depopulatethe galaxy) and fight the Metarex at every turn. Eggmanjoins the Metarex shortly after. Along the way, Tailsand Cosmo slowly fall in love with each other. Later,Rouge finds Shadow alive in a capsule on Eggman's shipand releases him. At one point, he saves Chris fromthe Metarex before disappearing, but he reappears andtries to kill Cosmo, much to Tails' anger. The Metarex'sleader, Dark Oak, appears and reveals that the Metarexand Cosmo are of the same species and that they secretlyimplanted a tracking device in her brain while extinguish-ing the rest of their kind; she has been an unwitting spyever since. Chris, Knuckles, and Tails notice that remov-ing the device will likely destroy her sight and hearingforever. Knuckles pushes for it to be removed anyway,but Tails refuses, so the surgery is called off and the bat-tle against the Metarex continues.The heroes find the Chaotix and Shadow, and everyoneheads to the center of the universe, where the Metarex

are ominously controlling a planet that is made of waterand contains a Planet Egg. After Sonic almost drowns init, the planet begins turning into a giant seed; the Metarexreveal that, because they have lost the battle, they will de-stroy the galaxy with this planet. Cosmo sees a visionfrom her mother Earthia, telling her that she must sac-rifice herself to save the rest. She fuses with the giantseed and instructs Tails to use the Blue Typhoon's can-non to fire Super Sonic and Super Shadow at her and theseed and destroy them. He does, in tears the whole time,and annihilates the Metarex. Back on the animals' world,Sonic and Shadow reappear and solemnly inform Tailsthat they could not revive Cosmo and only found a seedof hers; Cream and Amy try to cheer him up. With achange of heart, Eggman builds a device for Chris to re-turn home but promptly reverts to his old ways after Chrisleaves. The series ends with Cosmo's seed sprouting andChris returning home.

2 History

2.1 Creation and development

This scene shows (clockwise from top left) Sonic, Tails, andtwo original major characters̶Cosmo and Chris̶in the typi-cal outer-space setting.

The show was created by TMS Entertainment (also sub-sidiary of SEGA Holdings Co., Ltd.).*[2]*[3] It was thefirst anime series based on the Sonic universe. It was pri-marily influenced by other anime rather than work fromthe West, and was created for a Japanese audience.*[4]Yuji Naka, then the head of Sonic Team, filled in as ex-ecutive producer, and Yuji Uekawa created all of the orig-inal characters.*[2] Most of the series consists of originalcontent featuring new as well as established characters,but the second season is mostly based on the plots of SonicAdventure and Sonic Adventure 2. While traditionally an-imated, it includes non-outlined CGI elements for thingssuch as Sonic's homing attack.*[3]Two trailers for the series were produced. The first wasdeveloped before Cheese had been given a name in SonicAdvance 2 (2002); it referred to Cheese simply as“Chao”. It was made up largely of footage that would later appearin the series' intro, but also of unused scenes featuring

2.3 Music 3

unique anthropomorphic animals.*[5] Sega showed offthe second, which was narrated in Japanese, at its boothat the World Hobby Fair video gaming event in Febru-ary 2003.*[6] It consisted mostly of scenes from the firstfew episodes, followed by introductions to the main char-acters. However, it also showed a still frame of a silveranthropomorphic hedgehog (not identified as Silver theHedgehog) who never appeared in the series.*[7]Several of the Japanese performers had voiced their char-acters in the games, but they were also given ample infor-mation about their characters' roles in the anime. Chris'voice actress Sanae Kobayashi was not sure she would beable to effectively communicate Chris' growth as a per-son owing to Sonic's presence, but found that a worth-while goal. Chikao Ōtsuka, who voiced Eggman, foundhim a difficult character to play due to the tension in hisvoice and Ōtsuka's desire to have children who watchedthe show recognize the character as a villain but not hatehim.*[1]Sonic Team head Takashi Iizuka believed that Sonic Xand its merchandise, along with the game Sonic Heroes,had helped expose the Sonic franchise to a new generationof potential gamers in 2003, and he dubbed it a“SonicYear”as a result.*[8] More boldly, Naka hoped that SonicX alone would cause the popularity of the Sonic seriesto skyrocket, as that of the Pokémon series did after itsanime adaptation was first released.*[9]

2.2 Broadcast and localization

4Kids Entertainment handled the show's American local-ization. The episodes were heavily edited for content andlength; 4Kids has been described by Destructoid as being“infamous”among anime fans for this type of overzealous

editing. 4Kids removed alcohol consumption and coarselanguage, instances of breaking the fourth wall, and nu-merous romantic scenes.*[10] Unlike some other seriesthat 4Kids translated around the early- to mid-2000s,such as Kirby: Right Back at Ya!, Sonic X suffered nofull episodes being cut. Producer Michael Haigney per-sonally disliked realistic violence in children's programs,but had not intended to make massive changes himself.Instead, he was bound by Fox Broadcasting Company'sstrict guidelines, which forbid content such as smokingand strong violence. In 2006, near the end of the show'sAmerican production, Haigney stated in an interview thathe had never played a Sonic game, read the comics, orwatched any of the previous Sonic animated series.*[11]4Kids found new voice actors rather than using thosefrom the games, with auditions beginning in early2003.*[12] They invited Mike Pollock to audition forEggman, having known him from his work on UltimateMuscle and Kirby: Right Back at Ya!, and chose him forhis yelling and pitch-wavering talents;*[13] Pollock alsovoiced Ella.*[12] 4Kids allowed Pollock to make minoralterations to the dialogue when lines "[didn't] work for

some reason”.*[13] He recalled being given only shortsamples of Eggman's voice from the games̶he was nottold specifically which game̶and brief descriptions ofhis characters' roles.*[12]*[13] Beginning with Shadowthe Hedgehog, the cast of Sonic X would assume their re-spective voice roles in all Sonic games released between2005 and 2010, at which point all the roles were recastwith the exception of Mike Pollock as Eggman.*[14]Sonic X aired in Japan on TV Tokyo's 8:30 am timeslot from April 6, 2003,*[15] to March 28, 2004.*[16]It consisted of three seasons, each of them 26 half-hourepisodes long. The series suffered from poor ratings inJapan, so the third season has never aired in that coun-try despite being produced there.*[3] 4Kids licensed theseries in North America from the beginning;*[3] ShoProEntertainment was also made a license holder in Novem-ber 2003.*[17] It aired in North America on the Fox Boxblock of Fox channels.*[18] The series was also localizedfor other countries in Europe, Asia,*[9] and the MiddleEast.*[19] In June 2012, the bankrupt 4Kids sold its SonicX license to Saban Brands's Kidsco Media Ventures.*[20]The series was released on DVD; in Japan, only seasonsone and two were released, and their 52 episodes spanned13 discs.*[21] 4Kids released the“Project Shadow”DVDin North America, covering the first arc that focused onShadow (episodes 33–38), on November 15, 2005 totie in with the release of the game Shadow the Hedge-hog.*[22]

2.3 Music

The Japanese version of Sonic X was scored by Yoshi-hiro Ike. Its opening theme was “Sonic Drive”, per-formed by Hironobu Kageyama and Hideaki Takatori.The series included three ending themes:“Mi-ra-i”(ミ・ラ・イ Future) by Run&Gun for episodes 1–13,“HikariMichi”(光る道 Shining Road) by Aya Hiroshige for 14–39 and again for 53–78, and “T.O.P”by Uru for 40–52.*[2] 4Kids hired several composers to write a back-ground score for the North American release“for bothartistic and commercial reasons”.*[11] The North Amer-ican opening and closing theme, titled“Gotta Go Fast”, was performed by Norman J. Grossfeld and Russell Ve-lazquez.*[2] A soundtrack titled Sonic X ~Original SoundTracks~ was released in Japan on March 8, 2004; it con-sisted of 40 tracks of original music from the first twoseasons.*[23]

3 Other media

Sonic X was extensively merchandised in various formsof media and other products. Two Game Boy Ad-vance Videos of episodes from the first season of SonicX were released in May 2004.*[24]*[25] In October2004, ShoPro licensed four manufacturers to create Sonic

4 4 RECEPTION

X merchandise; they variously produced items such asbedding, beach towels, backpacks, stationery, and paja-mas.*[26] Six Sonic X novels were published between2005 and 2007: Aqua Planet,*[27] Dr. Eggman Goesto War,*[28] Battle at Ice Palace,*[29] and DesperatelySeeking Sonic by Charlotte Fullerton,*[30]Meteor ShowerMessenger by Paul Ruditis,*[31] and Spaceship Blue Ty-phoon by Diana G. Gallagher.*[32]

3.1 Comic series

Archie Comics, publisher of the main Sonic the Hedgehogcomics, started a Sonic X series in 2005. It was originallyset to run for only four issues, but was extended to 40 is-sues due to high demand. The last issue was released inDecember 2008, and it kicked off the main series' SonicUniverse arc. The comics were written by Ian Flynn,who also authors the main comic series.*[33] Some issueswere published in Jetix Magazine in the United Kingdomand Italy.*[34]While the comics are set during the Sonic X timeline,their plot is original. Eggman imprisons humans insiderobots and tries to use them to kill the animals, but theanimals destroy the robots.*[35] Eggman uses maliciousChao to destroy Station Square, but Tikal and Chaos ar-rive from the past, return the Chao to normal, and bringthem back to the past.*[36] Soon, Sonic finds a machinein the desert and thinks nothing of it,*[37] but after fight-ing with Eggman in Paris and a bizarre world created bythe doctor,*[38]*[39] Eggman reveals the desert machinewas his and it begins to wreck Station Square. Sonic de-feats it, but he is accused of working with Eggman, so heand Eggman are both locked up.*[40] Nelson bails Sonicout of jail, and he saves Cream and Chris from someghosts.*[41]Eggman enacts more malicious schemes based on hol-idays like Christmas,*[42] Valentine's Day,*[43] andSt. Patrick's Day,*[44] Afterwards, he temporarily firesDecoe and Bocoe and creates replacements, Dukowand Bukow,*[45] who kidnap Sonic and give him toan organization called S.O.N.I.C.X. Sonic escapes withease,*[46] but S.O.N.I.C.X. repeatedly tries to ruin hisreputation.*[47]*[48] Meanwhile, the animals take onEggman in his various schemes̶including becoming awrestler and creating a circus̶to keep the Emeralds fromhim.*[49]*[50] In the final issue, Metal Sonic appears andallies with Eggman to defeat Sonic, but Shadow steps inand warps himself and Metal Sonic to another dimen-sion.*[51]

3.2 Video games

In 2003, McDonald's packaged five different single-button dedicated console games, mostly based on varioussports, with Happy Meals to promote Sonic X: two featur-ing Sonic and one each for Tails, Knuckles, and Shadow.

Another Happy Meal game based on Big the Cat fishingarrived the following year.*[52]LeapFrog Enterprises released a Sonic X educationalmath game for its Leapster handheld game console; itwas released in 2005 in North America*[53] and 2007 inEurope.*[54] The game stars Sonic and Chris, who mustrescue Tails, Amy, and Knuckles from Eggman. It is afast-paced platform/action game in which Sonic runs andjumps through levels and destroys Eggman's robots alongthe way. Periodically, Sonic must answer math questionsto continue. The game features three levels, each with itsown math concepts: the city Station Square (sequencing,counting in increments); Angel Island, the home of theMaster Emerald (addition); and Eggman's base (subtrac-tion).*[55] There are also math-based minigames unre-lated to the levels to supplement these skills.*[56]

3.3 Trading card game

Score Entertainment created a Sonic X collectible cardgame for two players, released in 2005. Players battle forChaos Emeralds; whoever gets three first wins. Each turn,both players lay out five cards face-down and flip overone at a time; whichever card has a lower number valueis eliminated. Eliminating the other player's cards andcombining the special abilities of one's own cards allowsone to score rings; whichever player has the most rings atthe end of the turn wins an Emerald. As the game doesnot emphasize collecting rare cards, a few booster packsare enough to build a competent deck. KidzWorld gavea positive review, praising its ease of learning, low cost,and inherent strategy, but also noting that it feels morelike a generic card game with Sonic characters than like awholly Sonic-based product.*[57]

4 Reception

4.1 Critical reception

Sonic X has had a middling reception; Conrad Zimmer-man of Destructoid cited its “horrible localization”asa main reason for negativity.*[10] Tim Jones of THEMAnime gave the show two stars out of five and criticizedthe English voice acting:“It's really annoying how all therecent Sonic games use these untalented actors/actressesin their dubs, because they make the original Englishvoices sound like award-winning performers.”*[3] Othercomments on the show's aesthetics were mostly positive.Staff of GamesRadar admitted, “At least the song fits.Can't imagine Sonic listening to Underground ' s wailingMeat Loaf light rock, but he'd definitely jam to Sonic X.”*[58] Jones praised the rock music from Sonic Adventure1 and 2, as well as the“pretty piano music”and“catchy”Japanese intro and outro themes. He also found the back-grounds“nice to look at”but did not like the use of CGI

5

for Sonic's homing attack.*[3]The human characters̶and, to a lesser extent, the ani-mal ones̶were also criticized. Jones decried Chris as“a dull, boring, uninspired character”and also described

Tanaka and Ella as“bland”stereotypes of Japanese- andAfrican-Americans, respectively. Jones also criticizedthe presence of Amy and Big, but took particular issue tothe show's portrayal of Sonic, which he summarized as:"'I'm gonna run around downtown until something excit-ing happens and use a stinking Ring to defeat my ene-mies'".*[3] GamesRadar bemoaned both the“piss-poorAdventure characters”and the original human ones.*[58]In contrast, writer Gaz Plant of NintendoLife opined that“one of the key successes”of the series was its incorpo-

ration of numerous characters from the games, includinglesser-used ones like Big and the Chaotix. Fans were di-vided on the merit of the Thorndykes.*[59]The show was well received for faithfully following theformat of the games. Famitsu offered a uniformly pos-itive review before the first episode broadcast in 2003,commending the skillful transition of the games' speedand style to animation, and expected the series to con-tinue to grow more interesting.*[15] Plant stated that“where Sonic X truly succeeded was in its retelling of

iconic stories”.*[59] Independent of the characters in-volved, GamesRadar appreciated the idea of following“Sonic's core concept.”*[58] The original storylines were

also well received. Amidst his criticism of most of theshow, Jones praised the first episode in general, espe-cially its humor.*[3] Plant acclaimed the character devel-opment that built on the stories of the original games, es-pecially Sonic's and Amy's relationship and the Chaotix'snewfound viability as comedy devices. Concurrently, hefound the show“surprisingly touching”, particularly inits “emotional”final climax, and favorably comparedthe space exploration of season three to Star Trek.*[59]Famitsu ' s first preview called the story profound (重厚jūkō).*[15]Common Sense Media gave it three stars out of five and,while not commenting further on its quality, stated that itwas appropriate for grade-school children but that someviolent scenes were inadvisable for younger viewers.*[60]A second Famitsu review from later in 2003 called theanime an outstanding success and encouraged readers totune in.*[61]

4.2 Popularity and cultural impact

The show was quite popular in the United States andFrance, consistently reaching the number-one position inits timeslot in both countries.*[62]*[63] By 2007, it wasTMS' best-selling anime in the non-Japanese market, de-spite that the third season never aired in Japan, and it in-spired TMS to focus on properties that would sell welloutside Japan.*[64] In 2009, a six-year-old Norwegianboy named Christer pressed his parents to send a let-

ter to King Harald V of Norway to approve his namebeing changed to “Sonic X”. They allowed Christerto write it himself but did not send it until he badgeredthem further, and the king responded that he could not ap-prove the change because Christer was not eighteen yearsold.*[65]*[66] Extending over a decade past the show'sinitial release, the phrase“gotta go fast”has been usedin the titles of video game periodical articles to repre-sent the Sonic series*[67]*[68] and other fast-paced videogames.*[69]*[70]*[71]

5 See also• Sonic the Hedgehog

• Sonic Boom

• F-Zero: GP Legend

• Space opera

• Kirby: Right Back at Ya!

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[61] "『ソニックX』アフレコ現場を潜⼊取材！". Famitsu(in Japanese). June 19, 2003. Archived from the originalon August 31, 2014. Retrieved April 28, 2014.

[62] Weiland, Jonah (May 23, 2005).“Archie Launches New'Sonic X' Series”. Comic Book Resources. Archivedfrom the original on August 31, 2014. Retrieved June 22,2014.

[63] “Jetix Europe N.V. Announces Results for the YearEnded September 30, 2004” (PDF). Jetix Europe. De-cember 8, 2004. Archived from the original on August31, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.

[64] Kelts, Roland (November 13, 2007). Japanamerica:How Japanese Pop Culture Has Invaded the U.S. PalgraveMacmillan. p. 78. ISBN 978-1-4039-8476-0.

[65] Sterling, Jim (April 23, 2009). “Six-year-old boy asksKing to change his name to Sonic X”. Destructoid.Archived from the original on August 31, 2014. RetrievedJune 22, 2014.

[66] Good, Owen (April 25, 2009).“King Denies Little Boy'sWish to Be Named 'Sonic X'". Kotaku. Archived fromthe original on August 31, 2014. Retrieved June 22, 2014.

[67] Ponce, Tony (October 1, 2013).“Sonic's gotta go fast inthese Smash 4 screens”. Destructoid. Archived from theoriginal on August 31, 2014. Retrieved June 22, 2014.

[68] Prell, Sam (April 26, 2014). “Sonic The Hedgehog'sgotta go fast on Oculus Rift”. Joystiq. Archived from theoriginal on August 31, 2014. Retrieved June 22, 2014.

[69] Kellen, Seth (April 15, 2014). “CloudBuilt Review:Gotta Go Fast”. TechRaptor. Archived from the originalon August 31, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.

[70] Blackburn, Troy (May 30, 2014). “Gotta Go Fast InNew World Of Speed Gameplay Teaser”. GameBreaker.Archived from the original on August 31, 2014. RetrievedJuly 16, 2014.

[71] Barrett, Ben (August 27, 2013). “Gotta Go Fast:SpeedRunners”. Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Archived fromthe original on August 31, 2014. Retrieved July 16, 2014.

7 External links• Official Sonic Team website (Japanese)

• Official TMS Entertainment website (Japanese)

• Official TV Tokyo website (Japanese)

• Official TMS Entertainment website (English)

• Sonic X (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclo-pedia

• Sonic X at Absolute Anime

• Sonic X at the Internet Movie Database

8 8 TEXT AND IMAGE SOURCES, CONTRIBUTORS, AND LICENSES

8 Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses

8.1 Text• Sonic X Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sonic%20X?oldid=659294096 Contributors: AxelBoldt, Magnus Manske, Ixfd64, Sannse,

Theresa knott, CatherineMunro, Zarius, WhisperToMe, Furrykef, Raul654, Mrjeff, Pumpie, RadicalBender, Denelson83, Yas~enwiki,Mushroom, David Gerard, Oberiko, Guanaco, SonicAD, Wmahan, Thewikipedian, Dvavasour, Speedeep, Spottedowl, Picapica, Liber-logos, Bluemask, Mike Rosoft, Discospinster, Rich Farmbrough, Sladen, Shadow Hog, Kbh3rd, Tentacle Monster, Enric Naval, Cmdr-jameson, Pikawil, Angie Y., Stephen Bain, Nemalki, Alansohn, CyberSkull, Typhlosion, Chris McFeely, Albino Fox, Dark Shikari, Sci-urinæ, Nintendo Maximus, Kusma, HGB, LukeSurl, Firsfron, Woohookitty, Jibbley, TigerShark, Guardian of Light, Madchester, ^demon,WadeSimMiser, MONGO, Tabletop, Macaddct1984, AnmaFinotera, Kralizec!, Liface, Holek, The Chinchou, Tjbk tjb, Kbdank71, Sh-iori, Enzo Aquarius, Rjwilmsi, Nanami Kamimura, Koavf, Perks, Tangotango, Lego3400, MZMcBride, The wub, MarnetteD, FlaBot,Ian Pitchford, A scientist, Jw21, Supermorff, Czar, TheDJ, Press Start, Chobot, The Rambling Man, YurikBot, Borgx, Sceptre, LittleS-mall~enwiki, Rtkat3, FlareNUKE, Erachima, Phantomsteve, Hede2000, Denjo, Splash, Ryan the Game Master, Toffile, Gaius Cornelius,Wimt, Nahallac Silverwinds, Hawkeye7, Smash, BigCow, SamtheBravesFan, RattleMan, Welsh, Distraction, Thiseye, Bobak, Saberwyn,FlyingPenguins, Pasawayz, Real decimic, VederJuda, TheRealShifty, N. Harmonik, Wknight94, Crisco 1492, Judacris, Zero1328, Dev-ille, PTSE, Warfreak, Conan-san, Nikkimaria, Extraordinary, BlazeHedgehog, Dirk Amoeba, Fram, Extreme Unction, ViperSnake151,Allens, TJF588, Vanished user 99034jfoiasjq2oirhsf3, Ryūkotsusei, Sonic500, Dr. R.K.Z, Kicking222, IslandHopper973, HarroSIN,SmackBot, Ggctuk, Khfan93, Lcarsdata, Alexie, KnowledgeOfSelf, Power piglet, Vald, Jacek Kendysz, Jagged 85, Stifle, Dwanyewest,Spaction3, Nscheffey, HeartofaDog, Ian Rose, Sarujo, Gilliam, Algont, Doktor Wilhelm, Foxyboy, Guess Who, Tyciol, Chris the speller,Jonghyunchung, Luigi128, SonicHOG, Atomofish, Onesimos, CJ the Cheetah, The Rogue Penguin, Konstable, James P Sullivan, Spongey-fan, Tsca.bot, Can't sleep, clown will eat me, Shalom Yechiel, AussieLegend, Thebeast666, Squilibob, OrphanBot, Onorem, Skidude9950,Rsm99833, Genocidio~enwiki, SuperSonic, T-borg, Reznor Arnaud~enwiki, Evilgidgit, JanCeuleers, Dreadstar, Zerwell, Mini-Geek,Doberdog, DMacks, Sonic Hog, Knuckles sonic8, Yuri Elite, ACK~enwiki, Drunken Pirate, Max everett, Roofle, John, DarkNoise, J 1982,Rejax, MrTwig, Shadowy Crafter, Ryu Ematsu, NJZombie, Tktktk, Accurizer, Hope(N Forever), Cyberlink420, IronGargoyle, 041744,Matty-chan, Brownbeanburrito, Danucciguzman, Mr Stephen, Ryulong, Animedude360, TJ Spyke, Dearest freak, TheFarix, CH, Cat'sTuxedo, Shadoman, Fitzwilliam, Wjejskenewr, Nubzor, DavidHOzAu, Mrguyguy226, Clark Thomas, Ytny, Courcelles, Scarlet Lioness,Radiant chains, Tawkerbot2, Prophaniti, Plasma Twa 2, RedEyesMetal, Phantasy Phanatik, DaDude~enwiki, Mellery, Hmr, CmdrObot,Raven23, Tanthalas39, Qwerty The 3rd, Nat91, Mika1h, HellCat86, GMc, Sinnyo, MetaruKoneko, WeggeBot, Orca1 9904, Tomjerry9,Cydebot, CBFan, Johnny Arrombador 01, Dee 111, MegaHL90, Sonic3, Gogo Dodo, Filo9, NijiNeko, ST47, VG Cats Tipe 2, Tawker-bot4, DumbBOT, Asenine, UnDeRsCoRe, Dayle14, After Midnight, Sweet Rocket, TheJC, Omicronpersei8, Vanished User jdksfajlasd,UberScienceNerd, Thijs!bot, Kirbopher, 244pupil6, Caroline94, Sestren NK, Grandmastergalvatron, TonyTheTiger, TriPredRavage, Dotg,Your log in name, Nicknyte, Luigifan, Marek69, Dalahäst, Evan1109, Whammy51, Ctu2485, Rattis1, Digifiend, JustAGal, TangentCube,Natas347, Akata, Spaingy, AmyRoseRules, Cyclonenim, AntiVandalBot, RobotG, Luna Santin, Seaphoto, Sailor Angel, Drewdy, An-tique Rose, Mendinso, AmyRose's, Darthkenobi, Sonic922, TTN, Koolboy, Boltyhedgehog, Gdo01, ShortShadow, **VIRUS**, Amy-RocketRose, Ladyroute, Dynomight, Sceptile, Amaechi Okoli, Feathered serpent, Satellight~enwiki, Slaite, Axidous, PresN, Andrze-jbanas, HyperSonic3, MeowthRocket, Dan D. Ric, Qasamaan~enwiki, MelanieN, Tiswaser, ANIMALIA10, Elekid1, Dream Focus,HarkenSlash, Siddharth Mehrotra, Kerotan, Yo-ho-ho, LittleOldMe, Meeples, Bongwarrior, VoABot II, Metal Sonic, AtticusX, Hasekis the best, JamesBWatson, Janadore, TARBOT, Kid Sonic, Truce Guy, Wrightaway, Catgut, Animum, MetsBot, Usagi77, Bugtrio, Eclec-ticGamer, Gurko, DerHexer, Esanchez7587, ChronoBall X, Archwarrior, Pokemaster Justin, Jemijohn, MartinBot, Mario2021, Anaxial,R'n'B, Kateshortforbob, CommonsDelinker, Pomte, J.delanoy, Nev1, Rgoodermote, Anas Salloum, Reedy Bot, Creepy Crawler, Dispenser,Meganthehedgechidna, Whatrusmokin68, Doeville, Pipandrew, SJP, MKoltnow, Kraftlos, Spshu, Juliancolton, Jaron99, Djtwin55, JoshTumath, WJBscribe, Bonadea, Eastx, Ja 62, Themasterofwiki, Squids and Chips, Stevezo, Signalhead, Deor, Cigraphix, Marylandwiz-ard, Lara-su77, GuardianEarth, Lyokofreak101, Dark paladin x, ROM Guy, Sjones23, Zdzdz, Kamekamekame, EricSerge, Xenophrenic,Z.E.R.O., Magnius, Tails3333, IchabodKrane, Yaanch, Sanfranman59, Dinoman96, LedgerJoker, Jjwb, RadiantRay, The Great Morgil,Soniash, Cliff22, RaseaC, Victory93, Teumessian1337, 815sonicfreak518, DarthBotto, Dragonmaster88, Burneeeese, Watercleanerper-son, PlanetStar, Shadowmario64fan, Malcolmxl5, Yomoska, BloodDoll, Vanished user 82345ijgeke4tg, Oceanwind~enwiki, France3470,Radon210, Riwnodennyk, S275ironman, Kingaison98, Sawyershredder, Spock2266, Gyrorobo, Franko1212, Hoobrretfewtweetwetwe,Fratrep, Espeed623, Parakatjimmy, Anakin101, Staticz, ShadowX6308, DragonZero, Nefariousski, Shin-Broly, 48ofNorway~enwiki, Su-per Sonic 15, Wonchop, Bigbrifsx, Explicit, ImageRemovalBot, WikipedianMarlith, ShadowX6309, Martarius, Sfan00 IMG, Beeblebrox,ClueBot, Metal-Sonic-92, Wolly da wanderer, Abhinav, Yingpingu, Armageddon1994, CB100, Ndenison, Gaia Octavia Agrippa, RedPhoenix, Cp111, AilisKnil, Wikialexdx, Niceguyedc, TheBlackPaladin, SpellingCanine, Piledhigheranddeeper, Trivialist, Auntof6, PM-Drive1061, Hero of light, Ceauntay13, CrazyChemGuy, Fairfieldfencer, Peter.C, Iohannes Animosus, Maniago, DarkAp89~enwiki, Aileza,Tomer 070, Blacknight, blackday, Hoodboy Shadzar, Thingg, Dank, Footballfan190, Christopher Tsakonas, Tezero, Drytry, BR9000, EikCorell, XLinkBot, Super Badnik, Fastily, SLJCOAAATR 1, DarkGhostMikel, Ost316, PeruAlonso, Doc9871, Bryanoftoons, Whosaidi-cantlive, Pjladyfox, Kingplatypus, MiamiN Muzik, Kbdankbot, Powergate92, Anticipation of a New Lover's Arrival, The, Addbot, PaperLuigi, Freakmighty, Jncraton, Hajiru, Falcon Dude 1993, Leszek Jańczuk, Darkness2005, Download, SoSaysChappy, Supersonic721,Ccacsmss, The Shadow-Fighter, Favonian, 5 albert square, Parak111, Decibert, Tide rolls, Lightbot, J.S.thehedgehog, Wmplayer, EvilWendy Man, BlueMario1016, جيمز ,محترف The Bushranger, The Master Librarian, Math Champion, Luckas-bot, Yobot, Unknown theHedgehog, The Earwig, RideTheSky, Speeda psx, AnomieBOT, Joshweiser, KiasuKiasiMan, Supertyson83782, Jim1138, SuperUltra-Megatyson83782, NotANazi, Nintendoman01, Bonusballs, Mokoniki, Materialscientist, SuperSonicUnleashed, LilHelpa, SuperSuperSu-perUltraUltraUltraMegaMegaMegatyson83782, Xqbot, Warmpuppy2, Transity, Digifan23, SuperMegatyson83782, Kirbyz, Betty Logan,MegaMegatyson83782, Kkt2560, Cyphoidbomb, Armbrust, F-22 Raptored, Sergecross73, Dark ressurection, Energybender, Shadowjams,Rayj40444, Hulk9ab!, Erik9, SD5, ArticlewriterX9, Szili32, Outback the koala, TailsPunch200, Cosmo2593, Lucia Black, Zo Danma,Jakejvmars, Tailikku, TailsBuddy400, 10metreh, LizzieBabes419, Loyalist Cannons, TDAEpisodes, A8UDI, Spongesonic277, Wierse,InvaderCito, Mutinus, Jschnur, MastiBot, Smijes08, Luph25, SuperLombax, Secret Saturdays, Jukwain, TedderBot, Ultimatewikidude,Heavydata, Cyn starchaser, Mjames4040, DocYako, Wikilover98741, Lightlowemon, StevenMario, A p3rson, Rw1105, Suffusion of Yel-low, Subscriber0100, Tbhotch, Deonflood49, Brambleclawx, Mjolnir1134, Bento00, JoviasTsujin, Regancy42, MAXXX-309, Daslayer55,The Stick Man, Tmk0009, John of Reading, DestinySpicer2012, TheBananaDork, Sgniwyppah, Heracles31, Sonicbob94, Dewritech,Skyy Train, RA0808, Gamelordabd, Drea613, Ityssvgsasdwe, Fiery bobcat, Mariotornado, Mz7, Radix Z, Danielj 08, Wikipissdia, Ner-malTheBunny, Dontsingasong, GoodNintendo, DanTahHedgehog, ChipmunkRaccoon, The score was bad, Dannyj 08, SD-239, WikiMorris, BloodstainedTempest, Pook Creakie Bunwin, Railer-man, SporkBot, Makecat, Wayne Slam, Jennet Uraida, Galagem, Scape-goatsqueal, Thine Antique Pen, Thekeyboardman, Jj98, Piroproductions, Carmichael, Smartie2thaMaxXx, Bunnyboo50, Forever Dusk,

8.2 Images 9

VenomReborn, TYelliot, TheREALCableGuy, ClueBot NG, FilmandTVFan28, KirtZJ, Adultnature1989, Miggy0420, Satellizer, Dark-nessthecurse, Aero-Plex, Snotbot, 14322s, Soniczaragoza, Sethsholmire, Themultihedgehog, Faster2010, Ozair azad, Lowercase sigmabot,BG19bot, Island Monkey, Billy Liakopoulos, Griffirino99, John Smith (test), George Ponderevo, Gabriel Yuji, AwesomeCoffee, MusikAn-imal, AvocatoBot, Dancarblog, Geraldo Perez, Kidspokemon2, Mark Arsten, Md678685, C3F2k, Hamham31, MeRegistreParaSubir,Timur9008, Thebrinkerhoff, Ela204, Harizotoh9, 23W, Weqrrey, Jeancarlos6787, NewFranco, Fredericko007, Gooololololko, Elijahshad-owman, The1337gamer, Thebrainthinker, BattyBot, Yodonothav, Павло Гетманцев, Bigshowandkane64, ZappaOMati, 22dragon22burn,Jionpedia, Gial Ackbar, Mogism, Coucou64, TheShadowGirl2, NoeG2012, Lugia2453, WildSonichu, Themasterc111, Zziccardi, Galaxy-Fighter55, Lookgameth, Cadillac000, DisneyGirlovestacos1995, Faizan, Supermariokart64, Seqqis, Oswald Vitor, Magicperson6969,Johnny Tempest, AmericanLemming, Yoshimitsu 2008, PhantomTech, Mr. Lama, TFA Protector Bot, Acalycine, Bargoth125, Joey-comedian240, Worworwor0, Sageowns, Hades173, Punk rocker dancing, Stormmeteo, Mushu1324, RagnarokDreamer, Monkbot, Sonicopposing Auschwitz, Landingdude13, Gaylord98, Nibiko, 1triforcepwr, Throwaway24, URDNEXT, A sonic Hero, Gitzyrulz, KH-1, Psy-cosid04, Sonic N800, Josh2334, UltimateAI, Oarman58, Pyrotle, XxxSANICXxx, Nigel stoney, The MXE, Dejaysmith, Billy Joinville,MaxamillionSmart, Enigma02, TPM 2014, Dadsrcool, Guppyups and Anonymous: 1769

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