Telangana 1

Telangana

Telanganaతెలంగాణ—  region  —

Map of India with the Telangana region highlighted in red

Coordinates

Country India

State Andhra Pradesh

Largest city Hyderabad, India

Population• Density

30987271 (2001)• 270 /km2 (699 /sq mi)

Official languages Telugu

Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)

Area 114840 square kilometres (44340 sq mi)

Telangana (Telugu: తెలంగాణ,Urdu: اناگنلیت, Hindi: तेलंगाना ) is a region in Andhra Pradesh, India. The region borders the states of Maharashtra on the north-west, Karnataka on the west, Chattisgarh on the north-east, Orissa on the east, the Coastal Andhra region on the east and the Rayalaseema region on the south. Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema were part of the former Andhra state which was merged with Telangana to form the current state of Andhra Pradesh in 1956. The region has an area of 114840 square kilometres (44340 sq mi), and a population of 30,987,271 [1] per the 2001 census. The region lies on the Deccan plateau to the west of the Eastern Ghats range, and includes the northwestern interior districts of the Andhra Pradesh state. Telangana region has 10 districts: Adilabad, Hyderabad, Khammam, Karimnagar, Mahbubnagar, Medak, Nalgonda, Nizamabad, Rangareddy, and Warangal. The Krishna and Godavari rivers flow through the region from west to east. Of the 34 districts in India which face acute farm distress, nine are in Telangana.[2] [3] [4] In 2006, of the 31 districts identified in four states for the Prime Minster's package for watershed development projects, nine are in Telangana region and eight are in other parts of Andhra Pradesh.[5] [6] On December 9, 2009, the Government of India announced that the process for the formation of Telangana state would be considered upon introduction and passage of a separation statement by the state assembly of Andhra Pradesh.[7] [8] [9] The Government of India constituted a five-member committee headed by

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Justice B. N. Srikrishna to study the feasibility of a separate Telangana state within the Indian Union.[10]

History

Hyderabad is the largest city of the Telanganaregion

In Treta Yuga, it is believed that Rama, Sita, and Lakshmana arrived inTelengana from Dandakaranya (present-day southern Chhattisgarh).They initially came to Karimnagar district and lived in places like theRamagiri hills and Illantha Kunta village. They then moved along theGodavari River spent their lives in exile at Parnashala, which is about25 kilometres (16 mi) from Bhadrachalam in Khammam District.

Telangana was the homeland of the Satavahana dynasty (230 BCE to220 CE). Kotilingala in Karimnagar was their first capital, beforeDharanikota. Excavations at Kotilingala revealed coinage of Simukha,the first Satavahana emperor.

The region experienced its golden age during the reign of the Kakatiyadynasty, a Telugu dynasty that ruled most parts of what is now AndhraPradesh from 1083 to 1323. Ganapatideva was known as the greatest of the Kakatiyas, and the first after theSatavahanas to bring the entire Telugu area under one rule. He put an end to the rule of the Cholas, who accepted hissuzerainty in the year 1210. He established order in his vast dominion that stretched from the Godavari delta in theeast to Raichur (in modern day Karnataka) in the west and from Karimnagar and Bastar (in modern day Chattisgarh)in the north to Srisailam and Tripurantakam, near Ongole, in the south. It was during his reign that the Golkonda fortwas constructed. Rudrama Devi and Prataparudra were prominent rulers from the Kakatiya dynasty.

Telangana came under the Muslim rule of the Delhi Sultanate in the 14th century, followed by Bahmanis, QutbShahis, and the Mughals. As the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate in the early 18th century, the Muslim Asafjahidynasty established a separate state known as Hyderabad. Later, Hyderabad entered into a treaty of subsidiaryalliance with the British Empire, and was the largest and most populous princely state in India. Telangana was neverunder direct British rule, unlike the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions of Andhra Pradesh, which were part ofBritish India's Madras Presidency.

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The Telangana region was the heart of numerousdynasties. Chowmahalla Palace was home to the

Nizams of Hyderabad state.

Telangana Rebellion

The Telangana Rebellion was a peasant revolt which was latersupported by the Communists. It took place in the former princely stateof Hyderabad between 1946 and 1951. This was led by the CommunistParty of India.[11]

The revolt began in the Nalgonda district and quickly spread to theWarangal and Bidar districts. Peasant farmers and labourers revoltedagainst the local feudal landlords (jagirdars and deshmukhs) and lateragainst the Osman Ali Khan, Asif Jah VII. The initial aims were to doaway with illegal and excessive exploitation meted out by these feudallords in the name of bonded labour (Vetti Chakiri). The most stridentdemand was for all debts of the peasants to be written off.[12] [13]

Among the well-known individuals at the forefront of the movementwere leaders like Anabheri Prabhakar Rao, Bathini Mogilaiah Goud,Doddi Komraiah, Bandi Yadagiri, Suddala Hanumanthu, AcharyaKonda Lakshman Bapuji, Chakalli Iylamma, Komaram Bheem,Puchalapalli Sundaraiah, Makineni Basavapunaiah, Chandra RajeswaraRao, Raavi Narayana Reddy, Arutla Laxmi Narsimha Reddy (known as AL by his comrades), Bommagani DharmaBiksham, Arjula Ramana Reddy, the Urdu poet Makhdoom Mohiuddin, Hassan Nasir, Bhimreddy NarasimhaReddy, Mallu Venkata Narasimha Reddy, Mallu Swarajyam, Arutla Ramchandra Reddy and his wife Arutla KamalaDevi, Kolluru Ramchandra Reddy and his wife Kolluru Susheela Devi.[13] [14] [15]

The violent phase of the movement ended after the central government sent in the army. Starting in 1951, the CPIshifted to a more moderate strategy of seeking to bring communism to India within the constraints of Indiandemocracy.[16]

In 1937, Time magazine said Hyderabad state was the richest native state in India. [17]

Post-independenceWhen India became independent from the British Empire in 1947, the Nizam of Hyderabad wanted Hyderabad Stateto remain independent under the special provisions given to princely states. Rebellion had started throughout thestate against the Nizam's rule and his army, known as the Razakars. The Razakars, led by their chief, Qasim Razvi,massacred many people and rebels to suppress the movement. They destroyed many temples and monuments acrossthe state. Mass assassinations, similar to Jallianwala Bagh massacre, took place through out the state. TheGovernment of India annexed Hyderabad State on 17 September 1948, in an operation by the Indian Army calledOperation Polo. When India became independent, Telugu-speaking people were distributed in about 22 districts, 9 ofthem in the former Nizam's dominions of the princely state of Hyderabad, 12 in the Madras Presidency (Andhraregion), and one in French-controlled Yanam.The Central Government appointed a civil servant, M. K. Vellodi, as First Chief Minister of Hyderabad state on 26January 1950. He administered the state with the help of bureaucrats from Madras state and Bombay state. In 1952,Dr. Burgula Ramakrishna Rao was elected Chief minister of Hyderabad State in the first democratic election. Duringthis time there were violent agitations by some Telanganites to send back bureaucrats from Madras state, and tostrictly implement rule by natives of Hyderabad.[18]

Meanwhile, Telugu-speaking areas in the Andhra region were carved out of the erstwhile Madras state by leaderslike Potti Sri Ramulu to create Andhra State in 1953, with Kurnool as its capital.[19] [20] [21]

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Merger of Telangana and Andhra

In December 1953, the States Reorganization Commission was appointed to prepare for the creation of states onlinguistic lines.[22] The States Reorganisation Commission (SRC) was not in favour of an immediate merger ofTelangana region with Andhra state, despite their common language.Paragraph 382 of the States Reorganisation Commission Report (SRC) said "opinion in Andhra is overwhelminglyin favour of the larger unit; public opinion in Telangana has still to crystallize itself. Important leaders of publicopinion in Andhra themselves seem to appreciate that the unification of Telangana with Andhra, though desirable,should be based on a voluntary and willing association of the people and that it is primarily for the people ofTelangana to take a decision about their future". The people of Telangana had several concerns. The region had aless-developed economy than Andhra, but with a larger revenue base (mostly because it taxed rather than prohibitedalcoholic beverages), which people of Telangana feared might be diverted for use in Andhra. They feared thatplanned irrigation projects on the Krishna and Godavari rivers would not benefit Telangana proportionately, eventhough people of Telangana controlled the headwaters of the rivers. It was feared that the people of Andhra, who hadaccess to higher standards of education under the British rule, would have an unfair advantage in seekinggovernment and educational jobs.The commission proposed that the Telangana region be constituted as a separate state with a provision for unificationwith Andhra state, after the 1961 general elections, if a resolution could be passed in the Telangana state assemblywith a two-thirds majority.The Chief Minister of Hyderabad State, Burgula Ramakrishna Rao, expressed his view that a majority of Telanganapeople were against the merger.[23] He supported the Congress party's central leadership decision to mergeTelangana and Andhra despite opposition in Telangana.[24] Andhra state assembly passed a resolution on 25November 1955 to provide safeguards to Telangana. The resolution said, "Assembly would further like to assure thepeople in Telangana that the development of that area would be deemed to be special charge, and that certainpriorities and special protection will be given for the improvement of that area, such as reservation in services andeducational institutions on the basis of population and irrigational development."[25] Telangana leaders did notbelieve the safeguards would work. [26] [27] With lobbying from Andhra Congress leaders and with pressure from theCentral leadership of Congress party, an agreement was reached between Telangana leaders and Andhra leaders on20 February 1956 to merge Telangana and Andhra with promises to safeguard Telangana's interests.[28] [29]

Prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru initially was skeptical of merging Telangana with Andhra State, fearing a "tint ofexpansionist imperialism" in it.[30] [31] He compared the merger to a matrimonial alliance having "provisions fordivorce" if the partners in the alliance cannot get on well.[32] [33]

Following the Gentlemen's agreement, the central government established a unified Andhra Pradesh on November 1,1956.[19] [34] [35] The agreement provided reassurances to Telangana in terms of power-sharing as well asadministrative domicile rules and distribution of expenses of various regions.Anti-Nehru politics emerged with the repression of the Telengana movement; many within the Congress Partyextended their hands to leftist causes. Feroze Gandhi was among them.[36]

Separate Telangana state movement

Grievances of Telangana proponents

Proponents of a separate Telangana state cite perceived injustices in the distribution of water, budget allocations, and jobs. Budget allocations to Telangana are generally less than 1/3 of the total Andhra Pradesh budget. There are allegations that in most years, funds allocated to Telangana were never spent. Telangana JAC leaders say that only 20% of the total Government employees, less than 10% of employees in the secretariat, and less than 5% of department heads in the Andhra Pradesh government are from Telangana. [37] [38] [39] [40] None of these allegations were proved wrong by the Sri Krishna Committee due to lack of data, and its choice to compare regions

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(Seema-Andhra vs Telangana) not its people (Seema-Andhrites vs Telanganites). [41] [42]

Proponents of a separate Telangana state feel that the agreements, plans, and assurances from the legislature and LokSabha over the last fifty years have not been honoured, and as a consequence Telangana has remained neglected,exploited, and backward. They feel that separation is the best solution.[43] [44] [45]

History of the movement

In the years after the formation of Andhra Pradesh state, the people of Telangana expressed dissatisfaction over howthe agreements and guarantees were implemented. Discontent intensified in January 1969, when the some of theguarantees that had been agreed on were supposed to lapse. Student agitation for the proper implementation of theagreement began at Osmania University in Hyderabad and spread to other parts of the region. [46] This agitationcame to an end in September 1971 when people realised that the Prime Minister was not inclined to towards aseparate state of Telangana.[47] Due to agitation in the Seema-Andra region in 1973 protesting the protections forTelangana, the central government diluted the protections in Gentlemen's agreement by initiating the Six pointformula.Various political parties were formed with a platform of pursuing statehood for Telangana, including the TelanganaPraja Samithi political party in 1969, which won 10 out of 14 Parliamentory contituencies in 1971.[48] [49] In the1990s, the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) promised a separate Telangana state if they came to power.[50] A new partycalled Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS), led by Kalvakuntla Chandrashekar Rao (KCR), was formed in 2001 withthe single-point agenda of creating a separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital.[51]

For the 2004 Assembly and Parliament elections, the Congress party and the TRS had an electoral alliance in theTelangana region that promised a separate Telangana State.[52] Congress came to power in the state and formed acoalition government at the centre. TRS joined the coalition government in 2004 and was successful in making aseparate Telangana state a part of the common minimum programme of the coalition government.[53] In September2006, TRS withdrew support from the Congress-led coalition government because of their failure to deliver on theirpromise to create an independent Telangana state.[54] [55] [56]

In July 2008, Devendra Goud and other leaders such as E. Peddi Reddy resigned from Telugu Desam Party(TDP)and formed a new party called Nava Telangana Praja Party (NTPP) with Telangana formation as its main goal.[57]

After extensive internal discussions, the TDP, the main opposition party in the state, announced its support for thecreation of Telangana on 9 October 2008.[58] The Telugu Desam Party promised to work for Telangana statehood.The Praja Rajyam Party (PRP), newly founded by film star Chiranjeevi, supported Telangana statehood.[59] TheNava Telangana Praja Party announced that it would merge with PRP after it concluded that there was not enoughpolitical space for two sub-regional Telangana parties that had Telananga statehood as their main agenda.[60] [61]

On 29 November 2009, TRS president K. Chandrashekar Rao (KCR) started a fast-unto-death, demanding that theCongress party introduce a Telangana bill in Parliament. He was arrested by the government of Andhra Pradesh.[62]

[63] [64] [65] [66] Student organizations, employee unions, and various organizations joined the movement.[67] [68] [69]

General strikes shut down Telangana on 6 and 7 December.[70] Student organizations planned a massive rally at thestate Assembly on 10 December. The government warned that the rally did not have permission and deployed policetroops throughout Telangana.[71] All opposition parties in the state favoured creation of Telangana state at anall-party meet held on 7 December.[72]

On 9 December 2009, Union Minister of Home Affairs P. Chidambaram announced that the Indian governmentwould start the process of forming a separate Telangana state, pending the introduction and passage of a separationresolution in the Andhra Pradesh assembly.[73] KCR ended his 11-day fast, saying from his hospital bed that this wasa "true victory of the people of Telangana."Pro-Telangana supporters celebrated the central government decision, while those from the Coastal Andhra and Rayalaseema regions (Andhra region) protested.[74] [75] Due to protests in the Seema-Andhra region, On 23 December, the Government of India announced that no action on Telangana would be taken until a consensus was

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reached by all parties. [76] Rallies, hunger strikes, and suicides continued throughout Telangana to protest against thedelay in bifurcating the State.[77] The all-party Telangana Joint Action Committee (JAC) started relay hunger strikesand threatened the resignations of all legislators on 28 January, demanding that the Centre spell out its intentions andcreate a timetable for change.[78] On 3 February the government announced the five-member Srikrishna committeeon Telangana that would look into the issue,[79] with a deadline of 31 December 2010.

Srikrishna Committee report

The Srikrishna committee on Telangana submitted its report in two volumes to the Home Ministry of India on 30December 2010.[80] In an all-party meeting on 6 January 2011, the Home ministry made the 505-page Srikrishnacommittee report public. Section 9-3 (page 440) of the report[81] discusses six solutions.[82] [83]

The Committee announced that they were recommending keeping the State united, and advised constitutional andstatutory measures for socio-economic development and political empowerment of Telangana region through thecreation of a statutorily-empowered Telangana Regional Council. Telangana leaders say the best option from the SriKrishna committee report is the formation of separate Telangana state with Hyderabad as its capital. They plan topressure the Central government to zero in on this option as the only workable one.[84] [85] [86] [87]

Geography

Telangana region marked in white within thestate of Andhra Pradesh

Telangana is situated in the central stretch of the eastern seaboard ofthe Indian Peninsula. Of the three regions of the state of AndhraPradesh,[88] Telangana has the largest area, with 114800 squarekilometres (44300 sq mi). The Deccan plateau is drained by two majorrivers, the Godavari and the Krishna. 69% of the Krishna River and79% of the Godavari River catchment area is in Telangana. Tthere areother rivers such as Manair, Bhima, Dindi, Kinnerasani, Manjeera,Munneru, Moosi, Penganga, Praanahita, and Peddavagu and Taliperu.

The area is divided into two main regions, the Eastern Ghats and thepeneplains. The surface is dotted with low depressions. The region hasvery valuable coal mines in Ramagundam.

Natural resources45% of the forested area in the state is in Telangana region, spread across five districts. 20% of the coal deposits inthe country is in Telangana region. The Singareni Collieries Company excavates coal for industrial purposes and forthermal power stations. The power generated is supplied to to the entire of South India. There are limestone depositsin the region, which cater to cement factories. Telangana has other resources such as bauxite and mica.

Demography9 out of 10 districts in the Telangana region are recognized by the Government of India as backward. The onlyexception is Hyderabad district. According to the Backward Regions Grant Fund 2009–10, 13 such districts arelocated in Andhra Pradesh; 9 are from Telangana and the rest are from other regions.[89] [90] [91] Telangana(inc.Hyderabad) has 86% Hindu, 12.4% Muslim, and 1.2% Christian population. Hyderabad city has 55.4% Hindu,41.2% Muslim , 2.4% Christian population. Telangana districts outside of Hyderabad district have 8.4% of theMuslim population.[92] [93]

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More than 90% of Telangana people speak the Telangana dialect of Telugu, which is primarily Telugu with Urduinfluences. About 11% of Telangana people speak Hyderabadi Urdu. Urdu speakers are mostly Muslims, thoughpeople of other ethnicities also use Urdu for day-to-day life.[94] [95] Hindi is spoken by people from other states ofNorth India and Central India like Gujarat and Maharashtra. Kannada and Marathi are also spoken. Telugu, Urdu,and English are the official languages of the region.

Culture and identity

Hyderabadi biryani

Telangana has its own distinctive culture and identity. Most prominentis the Hyderabadi culture, also called Deccan culture.[96] [97]

Festivals

Bonalu, Bathukamma, Diwali, Dassera, Eid-ul-Fitr, Eid al-Adha,Christmas and Ugadi are prominent festivals in Telangana. Otherfestivals of Hindus and Muslims such as Holi, Raksha Bandhan, andMoharram are also celebrated with equal enthusiasm as in rest of India.The national festival Sankranti is celebrated at the beginning of harvestseason, on 14 January every year. Bathukamma and Bonalu areregional festivals of Telangana.

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. Retrieved 2008-02-16.[52] "Controversy over SRC blows over" (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2004/ 03/ 05/ stories/ 2004030505830600. htm). Andhra Pradesh (The

Hindu). 2004-03-05. . Retrieved 2008-02-16.[53] "Common Minimum Programme of the Congress led United Progressive Alliance" (http:/ / web. archive. org/ web/ 20071212084846/ http:/

/ www. aicc. org. in/ common-minimum-programme. php). Indian National Congress. May 2004. Archived from the original (http:/ / www.aicc. org. in/ common-minimum-programme. php) on 2007-12-12. . Retrieved 2008-02-16.

[54] "Sub-committee to look into demand for Telangana" (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2004/ 11/ 27/ stories/ 2004112706820101. htm). The Hindu.2004-11-27. . Retrieved 2008-02-16.

Telangana 9

[55] Amin Jafri, Syed (2006-09-09). "'Take steps for separate Telangana'" (http:/ / ia. rediff. com/ news/ 2006/ sep/ 09telang. htm). rediff.com. .Retrieved 2008-02-16.

[56] "TRS withdraws support to UPA govt" (http:/ / ia. rediff. com/ news/ 2006/ sep/ 23trs1. htm). rediff.com. 2006-09-23. . Retrieved2008-02-16.

[57] Devendra Goud’s outfit is Nava Telangana Praja Party (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2008/ 07/ 12/ stories/ 2008071254460600. htm)[58] TDP announces support to creation of Telangana state (http:/ / in. rediff. com/ news/ 2008/ oct/ 09telan. htm)[59] BBC News (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 8417755. stm)[60] NTP merges with PRP (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 02/ 26/ stories/ 2009022650120100. htm)[61] PRP for T-state (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 02/ 27/ stories/ 2009022753700400. htm)[62] KCR to launch fast on Nov. 29 (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 11/ 17/ stories/ 2009111756350400. htm)[63] KCR arrest ahead of his proposed indefinite hunger strike (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 11/ 30/ stories/ 2009113057370100. htm)[64] TRS activist attempts self- immolation, critical (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 11/ 30/ stories/ 2009113058550300. htm)[65] Government forcibly administers saline to end KCR's fast (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 01/ stories/ 2009120150220100. htm)[66] KCR protest confuses miners (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 02/ stories/ 2009120258320300. htm)[67] OU turns hotspot of students’ angst (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 03/ stories/ 2009120358790300. htm)[68] Colleges in Telangana closed for 15 days (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 04/ stories/ 2009120452980400. htm)[69] Constable shoots himself, dies (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 02/ stories/ 2009120259340400. htm)[70] Telangana bandh total on first day (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 07/ stories/ 2009120756460300. htm)[71] Thousands of Indian police deployed for Hyderabad rally (http:/ / news. bbc. co. uk/ 2/ hi/ south_asia/ 8404764. stm)[72] Oppn parties ask AP Govt to move resolution on Telangana (http:/ / www. zeenews. com/ news585490. html)[73] "Centre agrees to form Telangana state" (http:/ / www. business-standard. com/ india/ news/ centre-agrees-to-form-telangana-state/ 379142/

). Business Standard. 10 December 2009. . Retrieved 10 December 2009.[74] It is freedom at midnight (http:/ / news. rediff. com/ slide-show/ 2009/ dec/ 10/

slide-show-1-trs-supporters-celebrate-telangana-statehood-news. htm)[75] AP: Non-Telangana areas erupt in protests (http:/ / news. rediff. com/ report/ 2009/ dec/ 11/

andhra-crisis-non-telangana-areas-erupt-in-protest. htm)[76] Wide-ranging consultations needed on Telangana: Centre (http:/ / www. hindu. com/ 2009/ 12/ 24/ stories/ 2009122457680100. htm)[77] Students, police clash in Osmania University (http:/ / beta. thehindu. com/ news/ national/ article82872. ece)[78] Stick to Jan. 28 deadline to quit: Telangana JAC tells legislators (http:/ / beta. thehindu. com/ news/ national/ article82152. ece)[79] "Govt constitutes 5-member expert committee on Telangana – Yahoo! India News" (http:/ / in. news. yahoo. com/ 242/ 20100203/ 1334/

tnl-govt-constitutes-5-member-expert-com. html). In.news.yahoo.com. . Retrieved 2010-09-14.[80] Telangana report on PC table, talks on Jan 6 (http:/ / www. hindustantimes. com/ Telangana-report-on-PC-table-talks-on-Jan-6/

Article1-644744. aspx)[81] "Full text: Srikrishna report on Telangana - Resources News - IBNLive" (http:/ / ibnlive. in. com/ news/

full-text-srikrishna-report-on-telangana/ 139632-53. html). Ibnlive.in.com. 2010-02-03. . Retrieved 2011-01-26.[82] Srikrishna Committee Report – Vol I (Main Report) (http:/ / pib. nic. in/ archieve/ others/ 2011/ jan/ d2011010502. pdf)[83] Srikrishna Committee Report – Vol II (Appendix to the report) (http:/ / pib. nic. in/ archieve/ others/ 2011/ jan/ d2011010503. pdf)[84] Separate Telangana state only solution: KCR (http:/ / www. ndtv. com/ article/ india/ separate-telangana-state-only-solution-kcr-77677 )[85] Clashes continue in Osmania University, protests rock Telangana (http:/ / economictimes. indiatimes. com/ news/ politics/ nation/

clashes-continue-in-osmania-university-protests-rock-telangana/ articleshow/ 7237260. cms)[86] Telangana Cong MPs' ultimatum to Sonia (http:/ / timesofindia. indiatimes. com/ city/ hyderabad/ T-Cong-MPs-ultimatum-to-Sonia/

articleshow/ 7238926. cms)[87] TDP to launch agitations across T from next week (http:/ / timesofindia. indiatimes. com/ city/ hyderabad/

TDP-to-launch-agitations-across-T-from-next-week/ articleshow/ 7238294. cms)[88] Andhra Pradesh District Map (http:/ / www. mapsofindia. com/ maps/ andhrapradesh/ andhrapradesh-district. htm)[89] "BRGF District" (http:/ / panchayat. gov. in/ brgf/ Report. do?method=BRGFdistrict). Panchayat.gov.in. . Retrieved 2010-09-14.[90] Screen shot for http:/ / panchayat. gov. in/ brgf/ Report. do?method=BRGFdistrict (http:/ / i49. tinypic. com/ 20tj63a. jpg)[91] Screen shot for Backward Region grant fund(BRGF) by Govt of India (http:/ / i46. tinypic. com/ 11c8dj5. jpg)[92] "Telangana and Muslims" (http:/ / www. twocircles. net/ 2009dec12/ telangana_and_muslims. html). TwoCircles.net. . Retrieved

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Telangana 10

External links• Demand for Telangana State: genuine and justified., Vijaya Bhaskar, 2010 (http:/ / thecompassionateindian.

blogspot. com/ 2010_04_01_archive. html)• Official history of AP on AP Government website (http:/ / www. aponline. gov. in/ quick links/ hist-cult/

history_post. html)• Telangana movement article in US Library of Congress (http:/ / lcweb2. loc. gov/ cgi-bin/ query/ r?frd/

cstdy:@field(DOCID+ in0075))• Committee on Telangana surpluses – 1969 Report by Justice Bhargava (http:/ / books. google. com/

books?id=mISVwxcF5asC& ots=knn_jTsLVn& pg=PA175)• Telangana Information Task Force – by rashu (http:/ / www. etelangana. org/ ).• Subregionalism in India – A case of Telangana by Duncan B.Forrester (http:/ / www. jstor. org/ stable/ pdfplus/

2753831. pdf). Alternate link (http:/ / www. simplytelangana. com/ 2010/ 07/ 18/sub-regionalism-in-india-the-case-of-telangana-by-duncan-b-forrester/ )

• Planning Commission Document: Regional Balances in AP (http:/ / planningcommission. nic. in/ reports/sereport/ ser/ std_pattrnAP. pdf)

• The Historical Context of Andhra and Telangana, 1949–56 – Economic & Political Weekly, February 20, 2010vol xlv no 8 (http:/ / telanganaissue. files. wordpress. com/ 2010/ 02/ 14469. pdf)

• State reorganization committee reports at Wiki Source• Fasting, Mining, Politicking? Telangana and the Burdens of History, D. Parthasarathy (http:/ / esocialsciences.

com/ eSSResearchPapers/ displayArticles. asp?aid=90& type=0)• Modern Hyderabad(Deccan) by John Law, 1914 (http:/ / xa. yimg. com/ kq/ groups/ 20246497/ 1359621715/

name/ HYderabad)• The Hyderabad Political System and its Participants by KAREN LEONARD ; Source: The Journal of Asian

Studies, Vol. 30, No. 3 (May, 1971), pp. 569–582 Stable URL: http:/ / www. jstor. org/ stable/ 2052461 (http:/ /xa. yimg. com/ kq/ groups/ 20246497/ 1229319969/ name/ Hyderabad)

• Nizam – British Relations 1724–1857 by Sarojini Regani published 1963 (http:/ / books. google. co. in/books?id=9Fb26pWqhScC& printsec=frontcover& source=gbs_ge_summary_r& cad=0#v=onepage& q&f=false)

• Srikrishna Committee Report – Vol I (Main Report) (http:/ / pib. nic. in/ archieve/ others/ 2011/ jan/d2011010502. pdf)

• Sri Krishna Committee Report – Vol II (Appendix to the report) (http:/ / pib. nic. in/ archieve/ others/ 2011/ jan/d2011010503. pdf)

• Srikrishna Committee on Telangana: Recommendations at Variance with the Analysis - C.H Hanumanth Rao(http:/ / epw. in/ epw/ uploads/ articles/ 15660. pdf)

Article Sources and Contributors 11

Article Sources and ContributorsTelangana  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=415562256  Contributors: 99jake9999, A8UDI, Aarkaywee, Aberglaube, Abhishek191288, Abrajang, AgarwalSumeet, Ajcheema,Aleenf1, Alren, Altruism, Amarnath aravabhoomi, Anandvemuganti, Andhrawala1, AndrewRT, Andrhawala, Anil.damara, Anil1956, Anish7, Ankush 1947, AnonMoos, Apoorv020, Appraiser,Aravindkumar123, Arbeo, Arienh4, Arjun red555, Arunkumar 401, Attapurxpress, Autoerrant, AxelBoldt, Badagnani, Baludasari, Barastert, Bash425, Bcrao 17, Beetstra, Behemoth, Benbonji,Bielle, Bigsuperindia, BlastOButter42, Bmaganti, Bndy206, Boochipalli, Boomshadow, Boromir123, Briangammill, Btarunr, C21K, CarTick, Ccrazymann, Chaitsakkins, Chandu15, Chaosdruid,Chawla.mohali, Chilledbeer, ChiragPatnaik, Chitrada, Chris the speller, ChrisCork, ClamDip, Closedmouth, Cnu4196, CommonsDelinker, Crystallina, Current007, DARTH SIDIOUS 2,Darklilac, Dartdisah, DeadEyeArrow, Deanjens, Debiandev, Deepak D'Souza, Deepcamry, Deshineni, Deville, Diannaa, Discospinster, Divyalekhashail, Dn9ahx, Doorvery far, Dr.Raj Bairi,Drabhishekgoli, Dravidyan hero, Drm 1976, Dshah74, Eastmain, Editore99, El C, Elitegroupz, Enquire, EoGuy, Esperant, EverywhereMan, Evox777, Extra999, Fruitpunchline, Fyyer, GaiusCornelius, Ganapatideva, Ganeshk, Ginepr, Giraffedata, GlassCobra, Global contributor, GoingBatty, Gppande, Gr8opinionater, Gr8white, Gvsreddy, Gyanster, Harish victory, Harlequin516,Hemanshu, Heszy, Hprcb, Huaiwei, Hugo999, Hv1972, HyderbadKing, Ian.thomson, Imc, Indya1000, Infojk, Iridescent, Ism schism, JaGa, Jagged, JagoreTelangana, Jeroen, Jeysaba, Jncraton,JoJan, John K, Jsrikanthrao, Kaibeyblade, Kanred, Kartheek.pro, Karthikhhr, Kattywilliams999, KaySL, Kmmaganti, Koavf, Kommidi79, Kribbeh, Krishmlg, Krzy32, Kuyabribri, Kwamikagami,Lihaas, LilHelpa, Little Professor, M8al, MER-C, Maaparty, Madhav buddhi, Madraschap, Magioladitis, Mairi, Manosij.m, Metsavend, Michael Devore, MikeLynch, Minimac, Mks86,MohanPodile, Moocha, Moohith, Mprulez, MrStalker, Murali Thoota, N5iln, NCurse, NHRHS2010, Nagenderch, Naveenswiki, Neal007, Neer pkr, NeilN, Nik99, Nikkul, Niranjanreddy1983,NortyNort, Notedgrant, Notinasnaid, Onef9day, Orangemike, Osarius, Pacobob, Peopleatdharmaram, Phani22, Pharaoh of the Wizards, Pinethicket, Planemad, Polar, Polly, Poweroid,PraveenForTruth, Preethamraot, Quadell, RL0919, Raghurecw, Raj808, Rajasekhar1961, Rajeshnagelli, Rajkiran g, Rajpalrao, Rak3sh, Ram drsn, Ramcrk, Randhirreddy, RandomCritic,Ranuqrao, Razimantv, Razor12 telangana, Regancy42, Ronnotel, RoyBoy, Rrburke, Rudolf 1922, S ChaitanyaWiki, Sandupatla, Sardaga, SarekOfVulcan, Sarianki, Satishsir, Sean.hoyland,Seetamma, Seshikiran143, ShakingSpirit, Shivashree, Shyamsunder, Signalhead, Sk201, SkyWalker, Slon02, Snagul, Sonris, Spottavathini, Srikar1369, Srikipedia, Srinivasmv419, Srisez,Ssri1983, Stephen high, Sumanthk, Sundeep.gone, Superhuman1, TRay ECE, Tabletop, Teach46, Tedder, Tejadts, Telangana, Telanganawarrior, Telugodu123, Telusuko, Telusuko1, Tenalikh,Thatguyflint, The Silent Contributor, The Wordsmith, The.lord.of.war, Thiseye, Tim Ross, Tobias Conradi, ToddSweeney, Tom Radulovich, Toussaint, Tri400, Truetelangana, UnitedState,Vamsheekreddy, Vamsisv, Vbraju, Venkateshinida, Venugopal alugoju, Vhrk2, Vicky006, Vijast1, Vijeth, Vikramarka999, Vincentleonard, Vipinhari, Virtuosoinastronomy2, Vishnukvv,Vishwesh86, Vittal sriramula, Vjindia123, Vkailasa, Vmaroju, Vmnet, Vnadepal, Votreami, Vsreddy123, Vyzasatya, Wai Hong, Welsh, WikHead, Wikiace, Windchaser, WolfgangFaber,Woohookitty, World8115, YellowMonkey, Yellowdesk, Zhou Yu, 1014 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and Contributorsfile:India Telangana locator map.svg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:India_Telangana_locator_map.svg  License: unknown  Contributors: Ahonc, CommonsDelinker,CommonsDelinkerHelper, Planemad, Siebrand, Vanished user 001, XufancFile:Hyderabad india .jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Hyderabad_india_.jpg  License: Creative Commons world66  Contributors: user:nikkulFile:India Palace .jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:India_Palace_.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0  Contributors: Roland zhFile:Telengana.PNG  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Telengana.PNG  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.5  Contributors: Bmaganti, Roland zhFile:India food.jpg  Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:India_food.jpg  License: Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 2.0  Contributors: Karan Verma

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