temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 1

Cu {KÙ-¯nse BZy-hm-¡mb “sZhmdnw” (hm-¡p-IÄ) F¶ \ma-amWp {KÙ-¯nsâ Xe-

s¡-«mbn sl{_mb ss__n-fn D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. {Ko¡p ss__n-fnse “sZhp-s¯-tdm-

tWm-an-tbm¬” (Deuteronomion) F¶ hm-¡mWv \nb-am-hÀ¯\w F¶p `mjm-´cw sN¿p-¶-Xv. c­m-as¯ \nbaw AsÃ-¦n \nb-a-¯nsâ BhÀ¯\w F¶m-Wn-Xnsâ AÀ°w.

DÂ]-¯n-ap-X kwJy-h-sc-bpÅ \mep- {K-Ù-§-fn \evI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶ \nba§-fpsS ]cn-jvI-cn¨ Hcp ]Xn-¸mWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-̄ n ImWp-¶-Xv. {]Y-a-Zrãym BhÀ¯-\-am-

bn- Im-W-s¸-Sp-¶p-s­-¦nepw (1:3) ko\mbv DS-¼-Sn-bnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-amb Hcp-S-¼-Sn-bmWv ChnsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.

bmt¡m-_nsâ a¡Ä 430 hÀj-¡mew CuPn-]vXn ASn-a-¯-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p (]pd 12:40). ssZhw Ahsc ASn-a-¯¯nÂ\n¶p tamNn-¡p-Ibpw c­p -am-kw- sIm­v ko\m-bva-e-bpsS

ASn-hm-c-¯n-se-¯n-¡pIbpw sNbvXp. Ahn-sS-h¨v ssZhw P\-hp-ambn DS-¼Sn sNbvXp. XpSÀ¶p ssZhw hnip-²- Iq-Sm-c-¯n Ah-tcm-sSm¯p hmk-ap-d-¸n-¨p. ko\mbv ae-bnÂh¨p

ssZhw tami-bv¡p -]¯p {]am-W-§fpw km£yIq-Smcw \nÀ½n-¡m-\pÅ \nÀt±-i-§fpw aäp \nb-a-§fpw \evIn-bn-cp-¶p (]pd 20-þ35). IqSmcw {]Xn-jvTn-¨-Xn-\p-tijw B Iq-Sm-c-¯nÂh¨p

]e-t¸mgpw ssZhw tami-bp-ambn kwkm-cn-¡p-Ibpw C{km-tb ]m-en-t¡­ aäp \nb-a-§Ä Ahsc ]Tn-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-¶p (]pd 40- þ- kwJy 36).

\mev]Xp hÀj-¡m-es¯ acp-`qan tZim-S-\-̄ n-\p-tijw AhÀ hmKvZ¯-tZ-i-¯nsâ Ings¡ AXnÀ¯n-bmb tbmÀ±m³ \Zn-¡-c-bn-se -sam-hm_p ka-X-e-¯n-se-¯n. Ahn-sS-h¨v

AhÀ \Zn-I-S¶p Im\m³ tZi-t¯-bv¡p -{]-th-in-¡m³ X¿m-sd-Sp-¯p. F¶m hmKvZ¯ tZi-¯p -{]-th-in-¡m³ Ah-cpsS t\Xm-hmb tamibv¡p ssZhw A\p-hmZw \evIn-bn-Ã. AXp-

sIm­v B ka-X-e-¯nÂh¨p tami P\-t¯m-Sp -hn-S-hm-§n. B Ah-k-c-¯n tami \S¯p¶ hnS-hm-§Ä {]-kw-K-ambmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{KÙw {]Xy-£-s -̧Sp-¶Xv (\nb 1:1þ3).

ko\mbv ae-bnÂh¨p \evIn-bXpw ]n¶oSp \mev]Xp hÀj-¡mew acp-̀ q-an-bnÂh¨p ssZhw Iev]n-¨-Xp-amb FÃm \nb-a-§fpw tami Cu Ah-k-c-¯n Xsâ {]kw-K-¯n BhÀ¯n-

¨p -]-d-ªp.

{KÙ-¯nsâ Gähpw {][m-\s¸«Xpw ]pcm-X-\-hp-amb A²ym-b-§-fmWv -\nb 12þ26. Cu `mKw

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\- {K-Ù-¯ns\¶p am{X-aà ]©-{K-Ù¯n-\p- ap-gp-h-\p-sa-¶-Xp-t]mse \nb-aþ-{]-hm-N-I-{K-Ù-§Ä¡pw (DÂ]þ 2cmPm) ssZh-imkv{X ASn-¯d \evIp¶p. am{X-hp-aà \nb

12þ26 se \nb-a-§Ä ko\mbv ae-bnÂh¨p ssZhw \evInb (]pd 20þ23) \nb-a-§-fpsS ]cn-jvI-cn¨ Hcp ]Xn-¸m-Wv. {KÙ-¯n\p Xmsg-¸-d-bp¶ LS-\-bm-Wp-Å-Xv.

1) \nbaw F§-s\-bmWp ssZh-¯nsâ hmKvZm-\-§fpw P\-¯nsâ {]hÀ¯-\-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶p hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p¶ Ah-Xm-cnI (\nb 1:1þ4:43).

2) \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nb-a-¯n-\pÅ {]tXyI Ah-Xm-cnI (4:44þ11:32)

3) \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nb-a-kwlnX (12þ26).

4) tami-bpsS Ah-km-\-hm-¡p-Ifpw aäp kw`-h-§fpw (29þ34).

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 2

Gähpw ià-\mb ssZh-amWp IÀ¯m-hv (10:14, 17). Ahn-Sp-¶mWv C{km-tb-ensâ ]qÀÆ-]n-Xm-¡-·msc hnfn-¨Xv (26:5). AhÀ¡p tZiw \ÂIp-sa¶p hmKvZm\w sNbvXXpw (1:8) Ah-cpsS

]n³Km-an-Isf Xsâ {]tXy-I-amb P\-ambn Xnc-sª-Sp-¯Xpw (4:37; 10:15; 7:6; 14:2; 26:8) Ahsc ASn-a-¯-¯nÂ\n¶p c£n-¨Xpw (7:8; 13:5) tlmsd-_n Ah-cp-ambn DS-¼Sn

sNbvXXpw (4:13; 29:1) ssZh-amb IÀ¯m-hm-Wv. ]co-£n-¡m\pw Ffn-a-s¸-Sp-̄ m-\p-ambn Ahn-Sp-¶-hsc acp-̀ q-an-bn-eqsS \bn¨p (8:2, 15, 16). DS-¼-Sn-bn-eqsS Ahsc Xsâ P\-ambn kzoI-cn-

¡m³ Ahn-Sp¶p \nÝ-bn-¨p. AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ AhÀ Ahn-Sps¯ am{Xw `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw kvt\ln-¡p-Ibpw ip{iq-jn-¡p-Ibpw thWw (6:4, 5, 24; 8:6). Xm³ \ÂIp¶ tZi¯p Xs¶

Bcm-[n-t¡-­-sX-§-s\bm-sW¶pw Ahn-Sp¶v Ah-tcmSp IÂ]n-¨p (5:31þ33).

hmKvZ¯ tZi¯nsâ AXnÀ¯n-bn h¨pÅ Xsâ {]-kw-K¯neqsS- ssZhs¯

]qÀ®lrZ-b-t¯msS kvt\ln-¡m³ tami P\s¯ Blzm\w sN¿p-I-bmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯nÂ. A\p-k-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡p henb A\p-{Klw e`n¡pw (28:1þ14) A\p-k-cn-¡m-¯-hÀ¡p

im]hpw (27:11þ26). A\p-k-cn-¡m-¯-hÀ¡p e`n-¡m-\n-cn-¡p¶ in£-sb-¡p-dn¨pw {KÙ-IÀ¯mhp hyà-am-¡p-¶p­v (28:15þ68).

ac-¯n Xq¡-s¸-«-h³ i]n-¡-s¸-«-h-\mWv F¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙw {]Jym-]n¨p (\nb 21:22þ23). CXp {InkvXp-hn-s\-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Hcp {]h-N-\-am-bmWp Kem-¯n-bm-¡m-cpsS teJ\w

ImWp-¶-Xv (3:10þ13). \nb-a-¯nsâ AÔ-amb A\p-jvTm-\-¯n-eq-sS-bà {InkvXp-hn-epÅ hnizm-k-¯n-eq-sS-bmWp \mw c£n-¡-s -̧Sp-¶Xv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-¯nsâ Gähpw ImX-emb `mKw 12þ26 A²ym-b-§-fm-sW¶p \mw ]d-ªp. CXp ]pd-̧ mSv 20þ23 A²ym-b-§-fn¡mWp¶ DS-¼SnbpsS \nb-a-̄ n\p kam-\-am-Wv.

]pd 21:1þ11 \nb 15:12þ18 ]pd 21:12þ24 \nb 19:1þ13 ]pd 21:16 \nb 24:7 ]pd 22:16þ120 \nb 22:28þ29 ]pd 22:21þ24 \nb 24:17þ22 ]pd 22:25 \nb 23:19þ20 ]pd 22:26þ \nb 24:10þ13 ]pd 22:29þ \nb 15:19þ23 ]pd 22:31 \nb 14:3þ21 ]pd 23:1 \nb 19:16þ21 ]pd 23:2þ, 6þ-8 \nb 16:18þ20 ]pd 23:4þ \nb 22:1þ4 ]pd 23:9 \nb 24:17þ ]pd 23:10þ \nb 15:1þ11 ]pd 23:12 \nb 5:13þ15 ]pd 23:13 \nb 6:13 ]pd 23:14þ17 \nb 16:1þ17

]pd 23:19a \nb 26:2þ10 ]pd 23:19b \nb 14:21b ]pd 23:9 \nb 24:17þ

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 3

]pd 23:10þ \nb 15:1þ11 ]pd 23:12 \nb 5:13þ15 ]pd 23:13 \nb 6:13 ]pd 23:14þ17 \nb 16:1þ17

]pd 23:19a \nb 26:2þ10 ]pd 23:19b \nb 14:21b

F¶m ]pd-̧ m-Sn¡m-Wp¶ \nb-a-§Ä \ho-I-cn-¡-s¸-« -co-Xn-bn-emWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯n ImWp-¶-Xv. ]pd-̧ m-Snse ]mc-¼cy \nb-a-§Ä \ne-hn h¶Xn-\p-tijw hf-sc-¡mew

Ign-ªmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nbaw \evI-s -̧Sp-¶-sX¶p {Kln-¡m³ _p²n-ap-«n-Ã. DZm. ]mh-s¸-«-h\p Pohn-¡m-\pÅ Fs -́¦nepw hI Is­-¯m³ Ign-tb-­-Xn\v Ggmw- hÀjw P\w

\ne-§Ä Irjn- sN-¿msX shdpsX CS-W-sa-¶p- ]p-d-¸mSp {KÙ-¯n (]gb ]mc-¼cy) ssZhw Iev]n-¡p-¶p­v (23:10-þ11). Cu \nb-as¯ \ho-Icn¨psIm­v GgmwhÀjw ]mh-s -̧«-

hsâ IS§Ä Cf-¨p-sIm-Sp-t¡-­-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw hntZ-io-b-cnÂ\n¶p hm§p-Ibpw sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ IS-§-sf-¡p-dn-¨p-saÃmw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{KÙw hni-Z-ambn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶p

(\nb 15:1-þ11). ImÀjn-I -ta-J-e-bn tPmen-sNbvXp Pohn-¡p¶ sNdnb Hcp kaq-l-amWp ]pd-¸mSp \nb-a-¯nsâ ]n¶n-ep-ÅXv; CXnÂ\n¶p- hy-Xy-kvX-ambn tami-bpsS ac-W-¯n\v

At\I hÀj-§Ä¡p-tijw cmP-̀ -cWw Bcw-`n-¨p- I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ C{km-tb hfÀ¶p ]«-W-§Ä P·-sa-Sp-¡p-Ibpw P\w DbÀ¶ km¼-¯nI hfÀ¨ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX Ime-L-«-

¯nse P\-¯n\p \evI-s¸« \nb-a-§-fmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-¯n-ep-Å-Xv.

tami-bpsS {]kw-K-am-bmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{KÙw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-sX-¦n-epw AXp

\evI-s -̧«Xv tami-bpsS ac-W-¯n-\p-tijw At\I hÀj-§Ä Ign-ªm-Wv. tami-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä ]pXnb Xe-ap-d-bv¡p-th­n hymJym-\n-¨-h-cpsS hm¡p-I-fm-Wn-h. ImcWw tamibv¡v

At\I hÀj-§Ä¡p-tijwh¶ ZmhoZpw tkmfa\pw Øm]n¨ cm{ão-b-þ-km-¼-¯nI hyh-Øsb ap¶n I­p-sIm-­mWp- \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\- {KÙah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv tami-bpsS hnS-hm-§Â {]kw-K-am-sW¶p \mw I­p.

H¶n\p ]pdsI H¶mbn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶ aq¶p {]kw-K-§fpw tami-bpsS A´y-h-N-Êp-I-fp-am-Wv CXn-ep-Å-Xv (1:6-þ4:43; 4:44--þ26:19; 27þ-30; 31-þ34). {][m-\-s¸« ktµ-i-§Ä ssIamdp-¶-Xn-

\pÅ am[y-a-ambn CuPn-]vXn C{]-Im-c-apÅ hnS-hm-§Â {]kw-K-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn-¨n-cp-¶p. cmPm-¡-·mcpw Ah-cpsS {][m\ a{´namcpw Ah-cpsS ac-W-]-{X-¯nsâ amXr-I-bn-emWp ]e

{][m\ D]-tZ-i-§fpw ssIam-dn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. CuPn]vXn ASn-a-¯¯n-em-bn-cp¶ C{km-tb¡msc Cu coXn kzm[o-\n-¨n-cn-¡mw. DZm. \nb 17:14-þ23  `mhn cmPm-¡-·mÀ¡pÅ \nb-

a-§Ä tami \evIp-¶-Xp- Im-Wmw. Cu hN-\-̀ m-Ks¯ 1kmap 8þambn Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯n-bm CXp- hy-à-amIpw. kam-\-amb D]-tZ-i-§Ä CuPn]vXn-sebpw satkms]m-t«-an-b-bn-sebpw

cmPm-¡-·mcpw \evIn-bn-cp-¶p.

{][m-\-s¸« D]-tZ-i-§fpw \nÀt±-i-§fpw t\Xm-¡-·m-cpsS {]kw-K-§-fn-eqsS Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶- coXn hn{]-hm-k-ti-j-apÅ C{km-tb-en \ne-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. DZm. Zmho-Znsâ knwlm-k-\-

¯nsâ \nXy-Xbpw Pdp-ksew tZhm-e-b-¯nsâ {]m[m\yhpw DbÀ¯n-¡m-Wn-¡p¶ Hcp D]-tZiw {]kw-K- cq-]-¯n bqZm- cm-Pm-hmb sdtlm-t_m-hm-ansâ aI-\mb A_nbm cmPm-hn-sâ-

Xmbn hn{]-hm-k-tijw h¶ Zn\-hr-¯m-́ - {K-Ù-Im-c³ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p­v (2Zn\ 13:4þ12). \nb-am-hÀ¯\ Ncn-{X-¯n hnh-cn-¡-s¸-Sm¯ Hcp kw`-h-am-W-Xv. hS-¡³ cmPy-amb C{km-

tb-ensâ \ne-]mSpw Pdq-ktew tZhm-e-b-t¯m-SpÅ Ah-cpsS FXnÀ¸pw ssZh-ln-X-¯n-s\-Xn-cm-sW-¶p ImWn-¡m-\mWp Zn\-hr-¯m-´ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ C§s\ sN¿p-¶-Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 4

bqZn-¯n-sâbpw a¡-_m-b-cp-sSbpw {KÙ-§-fn CXn\p kam-\-amb aäp {]kw-K-§fpw

ImWmw: DZm. bqZn-¯nsâ BZy -{]-kw-K-¯n (8:11þ27) P\-¯nsâ hnizm-khpw ssZh-¯n-ep-Å {]Xym-ibpw Dd-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n ]gb Ime-§-fn ]qÀÆ]nXm-¡-·mÀ sNbvXpt]mse

C¶p ssZhs¯ ]co-£n-¡-cpXv F¶p bqZn¯v C{km-tb-ens\ D]-tZ-in-¡p-¶p-­v. c­m-a-s¯Xv, bqZn-¯nsâ {]mÀ°-\-bmWv (9:2þ14). CXn C{km-tb-ensâ ssZh-¯nsâ al-Xzhpw

Ahn-Sps¯ ]g-b-Ime {]hr-¯n-Ifpw bqZn¯v A\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶p. AXpt]mse-Xs¶ DS-¼-Sn-tbm-SpÅ Xsâ ]qÀÆn-I-cpsS hniz-kvXX hnh-cn-¨p-sIm­p lkvsam-tW-b-\mb a¯m-¯n-

bmkv {]kw-Kn-¡p-¶Xp a¡-_m-b-cpsS {KÙ-¯n¡mWmw (1a¡ 2:48-þ67).

kphn-ti-j-I-·mÀ X§-fpsS ssZh-im-kv{X -Nn-´-IÄ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv IÀ¯m-hn-sâbpw

kv\m]-I-tbm-l-¶m-sâbpw aäpw {]kw-K-§fneqsS-bm-Wv. hn.- eq¡m k`-sbbpw ]cn. Bßm-hn-s\bpw Ipdn-¨pÅ Xsâ ho£Ww A¸-kvtXme {]hÀ¯-\-§-fn Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p¶Xv

kvtX^m-t\m-kn-sâbpw ]t{Xm-kn-sâbpw ]utem-kn-sâbpw {]kw-K-§-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv. Ncn-{X-]c-ambn ]t{Xm-kn-sâbpw ]utem-kn-sâbpw {]kwK ssien-Ifpw ssZh-im-kv{X-

ZÀi\§fpw hyXy-kvX-§-fm-bn-cp-s¶-¦nepw A -̧kvtXm-e -{]-hÀ¯-\-§-fn AhÀ GI-ssZ-h-im-kv{X-amWp {]tLm-jn-¡p-¶Xv. ImcWw Ah-sbÃmw hn. eq¡m-bpsS {]kw-K-§-fm-Wv.

tami-bpsS aq¶p {]kw-K-§-fp-sSbpw At±-l-¯nsâ A´y hN-Êp-I-fp-sSbpw cq]-¯n-emWp \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙw Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv:

Ah-Xm-cnI (1:1þ5)

H¶mw {]kwKw (1:6þ4:43); C{km-tb-en\p th­n ssZhw ]g-b-Im-e¯p sNbvX {]hÀ -̄\-

§Ä hnh-cn-¡p-¶p.

c­mw {]kw-Kw (4:44þ26:19); C¶p P\-§Ä ]men-t¡­ IÀ¯m-hnsâ \nb-a-§Ä hnh-cn-

¡p-¶p. CXn\p c­p `mK-§Ä D­v. 1. s]mXp \nb-a-§fpw ]¯p {]am-W-§-fpw (4:44þ29:32).

2. {]tXyI \nb-a-§fpw Ah {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-t¡­ hn[hpw (12þ26).

aq¶mw {]kwKw (27þ30); `mhn-bn-te¡pÅ IÀ¯m-hnsâ \nb-a-§Ä; 1. A\p-{K-l-§Ä (28),

2. im]-§Ä (27), 3. DS-¼Sn \ho-I-cWw (29--þ30).

tami-bpsS A´y-h-N-Êp-IÄ (31:33); 1. hnS-hm-§Â (31:1þ29), 2. tami-bpsS Km\w

(31:30þ32:52), 3. tami A\p-{K-ln-¡p¶p (33:1þ29).

tami-bpsS acWw (34).

F¶m {KÙ-¯nsâ LS-\bpw DÅ-S-¡hpw ]cn-tim-[n-¨m AXn\p ]g-b-Ime a[y-

]qÀÆ-tZ-is¯ henb N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ kma´ cmPm-¡-·m-cp-ambn sNbvXn-cp¶ DS-¼-Sn-I-fp-ambn kmay-ap-Å-Xmbn ImWmw. Cu DS-¼-Sn-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨mWp Npcp-¡-ambn Xmsg hnh-cn-¡p-¶-

Xv.

{InkvXp-hn\p ap¼p 15þmw \qäm-­nse lnXy-cpsS km{am-Py-Imew apXÂ AÊodn-b-bnepw

CuPn-]vXnepw XpSÀ¶p-h¶ tdma³ km{am-Py-¯nepw \m«p-cm-Pm-¡-·mÀ N{I-hÀ¯n-am-cpsS ap¼n \S-¯p¶ hnizk DS-¼-Sn-IÄ \ne-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. N{I-hÀ¯n kma-´-cm-Pm-hn\p

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 5

\evIp¶ al-¯-c-amb Imcy-§Ä C{]-Im-c-apÅ DS-¼-Sn-I-fpsS BapJ-ambn tNÀ¯n-«p-­v.

\nb-am-hÀ¯\w 1þ11 CXn\p kam-\-amb Bap-J-am-Wv.

Hcp N{I-hÀ¯n Øm\w Hgn-bp-Ibpw At±-l-¯nsâ ]n³Km-an- Øm-\-ta¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-

t¼mÄ B km{am-Py-¯nse kma-́ -cm-Pm-¡-·m-sc-s¡m­p ]pXnb N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS ap¼n AhÀ hniz-kvX-cm-bn-cn¡pw F¶p Øm\-sam-gn-bp¶ N{I-hÀ¯n -kXyw sN¿n-¡pam-bn-cp-¶p.

henb N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ C{]-Imcw sN¿n-¨n-cp¶p F¶-Xn\p sXfn-hp-IÄ `qKÀ` -K-th-j-W-§Ä \ap-¡p -\-evIp-¶p-­v. DZm. AÊo-dn-b³ N{I-hÀ¯nbmb FÊmÀlt±mWnsâ kma-´-cp-

am-bpÅ DS-¼-Sn-IÄ C¶p \ap-¡p -e-`y-amWv (Vassal Trieties of Essarhaddon).

N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS Cu DS-¼-Sn-I-tfmSp- \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-¯n\p henb kmay-ap-­v.

FÊmÀl-t±m¬ `c-W-̄ nÂ\n¶p hnc-an-¡p¶ Ah-k-c-¯n Xsâ ]n³Km-an-bmb AÊpÀ_m-\n-¸m-fn-t\mSp hnt[-b-cm-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶v kma-´-cm-Pm-¡·msc D]-tZ-in-¡p¶ DS-¼-

Sn-bm-bn-cp¶p FÊmÀl-t±m-Wnsâ kma´ DS-¼-Sn-IÄ (VTE). hmkvX-h-¯n samhm_p ka-X-e-¯nÂh¨v Xm³ ZuXy-¯nÂ\n¶p hnc-an-¡p¶ Ah-k-c-¯n Xsâ ]n³Km-an-bmbn tami

tPmjzsb \nb-an-¡p-t¼mÄ tPmjz-tbmSp hniz-kvX-X- ]m-en-¡-W-sa¶p tami P\-§sf D]-tZin¡p¶p-­v. CXv FÊmÀl-t±m-Wnsâ DS-¼-Sn-I-fpsS kml-Ncy§-tfmSp kam-\-amWv (\nb

3:23þ29; 31:1þ8).

FÊmÀl-t±m-Wnsâ DS-¼-Sn-Ifpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{K-Ùhpw cq]-km-Zr-iy-ap-Å-h-bmWv. DÅ-S-

¡-¯nsâ Imcy-¯n-emWp hyXym-kw. ImcWw AhbneqsS \evI-s¸-Sp¶ \nb-a-§Ä hyXykvX§fm-Wv. kXyw sN¿n-¡m-\p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯-\- \n-b-a-¯nsâ ASn-

Øm\w ssZh Iev]-\-I-fm-sW-¦n FÊmÀl-t±m-Wn-sâXv cm{ãob \nb-a-§-fm-bn-cp-¶p. Ch -c-­nepw P\-§Ä apgp-h\pw k¶n-ln-X-cmWv (\nb 29:9þ11; 2cmP 23:1þ3; FÊmÀ. 4þ5). Ch -c-

­nepw DS¼Snbv¡mbn H¶p tNÀ¶-hÀ AhÀ¡p-th­n am{X-aà Ah-cpsS k´-Xn-]-c-¼-c-IÄ¡p-th-­nbpwIqSn {]Xn-Ú-sb-Sp-¡p-¶p­v (\n-b 29:4; FÊmÀ. 6þ7).

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\hpw FÊmÀ. DS-¼-Sn-Ifpw X½n Xmc-X-ay-s¸-Sp-¯p-t¼mÄ hyà-am-Ip¶

asämcp Imcyw Ch c­pw Xpey-hy-àn-IÄ¡nS-bn-epÅ DS-¼-Sn-I-fà adn¨v Hcp N{I-hÀ¯n kma-´-\p-ambn sN¿p-¶Xpw hniz-kvXX Bh-iy-s -̧Sp-¶-Xp-amb DS-¼-Sn-I-fm-sW-¶-Xm-Wv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯nepw FÊmÀ. DS-¼-Sn-bnepw ""kvt\lw'' F¶ hm¡mWv hniz-kvX-Xsb kqNn-¸n-¡m³ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. kma-´³ N{I-hÀ¯nsb ]qÀ®-ambn kvt\ln-¡m³ kzbw

ISs¸-Sp-¯p¶XmWn-h. N{I-hÀ¯nsb ""]qÀ®-lr-Zbt¯mSpw ]qÀ® Bßm-thmSpwIqSn kvt\ln-¡pI'' (\nb 6:5). N{I-hÀ¯nsb ""A\p-K-an-¡pI,'' ""`b-s¸-SpI,'' ""tI«v A\p-k-cn-

¡pI'' F¶-sXÃmamWp km[m-c-W-bmbn C¯cw DS-¼-Sn-I-fn kma-́ sâ D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§Ä -Bbn-¯o-À-¶-Xv.

DS¼-Sn-bpsS DÅ-S-¡-¯nsâ Imcy-¯nepw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\hpw AÊo-dn-b³ DS-¼-Sn-Ifpw X½n kmay-ap­v: \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯nse im]-§Ä (28:23-þ35) FÊmÀ. DS-¼-Sn-I-fnse im]-

§Ä¡p kam-\-amWv (419þ430). Ch c­nepw im]-§-fpsS {Iahpw H¶p-X-s¶-bm-Wv. bqZm-cm-Pmhpw P\-§fpw (a-\m-sÊ; 2cmPm 21) satkms]mt«-an-bm-bnse N{I-hÀ¯n-am-tcmSp hnt[-

bXzw {]Jym-]n-¨n-cp¶ ]Ým-¯-e-¯n-em-bn-cn¡mw Ahsb FXnÀ¡p¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ kam-\-amb Hcp- DS-¼-Sn-bn AhÀ ssZh-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«n-cn-¡p¶p F¶p {]Jym-

]n-¨-Xv.

]men-¡p-sa¶p kXyw sNbvX Imcy-§-fn-tesX--¦nepw ewLn-¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n AbmÄ

kzbw Ipä-s -̧Sp-¯p¶ coXnbpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-̄ nepw FÊmÀ. DS-¼-Sn-bnepw kam-\-am-Wv. AXmWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-¯n \mw C{]-Imcw hmbn-¡p-¶Xv: ""Cu

\nba]pkvXI¯n FgpXnbncn¡p¶ DS¼SnbpsS im]§Ä¡v A\pkrXambn Ahs\ \in¸n¡p¶Xn\v C{kmtb tKm{X§fnÂ\n¶v Ahs\ amän\nÀ¯pw. \ns³d `mhn

Xeapdbpw hnZqc¯p\n¶p hcp¶ ]ctZinIfpw Cu tZis¯ almamcnIfpw IÀ¯mhv ChnsS hcp¯nb tcmK§fpw ImWpw. hn¯p hnXbv¡pItbm H¶pw hfcpItbm

]pÃpt]mepw apfbv¡pItbm sN¿m¯hn[w K\v[Ihpw D¸pwsIm­p \mSp apgph³ I¯n Fcnªncn¡pw. IÀ¯mhp Xs³d cqIvjamb tIm]¯m \in¸n¨ tkmtZmw, sKmtamd,

AZvam, skt_mbnw F¶o ]«W§fpsS hn\miwt]mse Bbncn¡pw AXv. CXp ImWp¶

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 6

P\XIÄ tNmZn¡pw: F´psIm­mWv, Cu cmPyt¯mSp IÀ¯mhv C{]Imcw {]hÀ¯n¨Xv?

AhnSps¯ tIm]w C{Xb[nIw Pzen¡m³ ImcWsa´v?'' (29:21-þ24). CtX coXn-bn-epÅ Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯-ep-IÄXs¶ s\tbm AÊo-dn-b³ DS-¼-Sn-I-fnepw ImWmw. DZm: AÊpÀ_m\n-¸m-fnsâ

Zn\-hr-¯m-´-¯n (Annuls) \man-§s\ hmbn-¡p¶p: ""Atd-_y-bn-epÅ P\-§Ä C{]-Imcw ]ckv]cw ]dªp: F§-s\-bmWv Cu ZpÀ¤Xn kw`-hn-¨Xv? At¸mÄ AhÀ ]-d-ªp. ImcWw \mw AÊo-dn-b³ tZh-t\mSv kXyw sNbvX IS-a-IÄ \nd-th-än-bnÃ.''

a²y-]qÀÆ tZi¯p \ne-hn-en-cp¶ Hcp cm{ãob s]cp-am-ä-coXn C{km-tb-en aX-]-chpw

hnizm-k-]-c-hp-amb Hcp Imcy-¯n-\mbn hn.- {K-Ù-Im-c³ D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-sh¶v Cu Xmc-X-ay-§Ä hyà-am-¡p-¶p. asämcp ssZh-s¯bpw AwKo-I-cn-¡m¯ Akq-bm-ephpw Ak-ln-jvWp-hp-

amb ssZh-amWv C{km-tb-ensâ ssZhw F¶ ImgvN-¸m-SmWv Cu Nn´m-K-Xn¡p Imc-Ww. C{km-tb-en\p asämcp ssZh-s¯bpw Bcm-[n-¡m-\pÅ A\p-hm-Z-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. ]gb N{I-

hÀ¯n-amcpw C§s\ Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Xsâ kma-´-\mb Hcp cmPmhp Xm\p-ambÃmsX asämcp N{I-hÀ¯n-bp-ambpw kJy-¯n-teÀs -̧Sp-¶Xv AhÀ AwKo-I-cn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã. C{km-tb-

ensâ ssZh-amb IÀ¯m-hns\ kvt\ln-¡p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w asämcp ssZh-s¯-bpw tkhn-¡m³ C{km-tb-en\v A\p-hm-Z-an-Ã-¶mWp hn.- {K-Ù-Im-c³ {]tLm-jn-¡p-¶-Xv.

F´p-sIm-­mWv C{km-tb X§-fpsS ssZhs¯ Hcp N{I-hÀ¯n-sb-t¸mse Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨Xv F¶ tNmZyw {]k-à-am-Wv. ssZh Øm]n-X-amb H¶m-bmWv C{km-tb X§-fpsS

cmPy-s¯- I-­-Xv. ]e -km-{am-Py-§-fp-sSbpw Øm]-I·mÀ N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ Bbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]m-se ssZhambn-cp¶p C{km-tb-ensâ henb cmPmhv. Cu N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS \nb-a-§Ä

Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xs¯ apgp-h\pw kzm[o-\n-¡p-¶-h-bm-bn-cp-¶p. a²y-]qÀÆ-tZ-i¯pw AXp-t]mse aäp Øe-§-fnepw ]gb Ime¯v Gähpw ià-cmb N{I-hÀ¯n-am-cmWp X§-fpsS

kma-´-cmb cmPm-¡-·m-cp-sSbpw Ah-cpsS P\-§-fp-sSbpw \ne-\nev¸pw hfÀ¨-bpw XfÀ¨-bp-saÃmw \nÝ-bn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. N{I-hÀ¯n-am-tcmSp ]qÀ®-amb hniz-kvXX ]men-¡p-Ibpw Ah-cm-

h-iy-s -̧Sp¶ I¸w \evIp-Ibpw sNt¿-­Xp sNdnb cmPy-§sf kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw \ne-\n-ev]n\v A\n-hm-cy-am-bn-cp-¶p.

_lp-ssZh hnizm-kn-I-fm-bn-cp¶ A¡m-e-L-«-¯nse P\-§Ä ¡p­mbncp¶ Nn´m-K-Xn-b-\p-k-cn¨p temI-¯n-epÅ Hmtcm cmPy-¯n\pw kzÀ¤-¯n Ah-cpsS D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-apÅ Hcp

tZh-\p-­m-bn-cp-¶p. kzÀ¤-¯n hkn-¡p-¶-hcpw `qan-bnse Hmtcm cmPy-§-fpsSbpw D -̄c-hm-Zn-I-fp-amb tZh-·mÀ X½n bp²-§-fp­mhp-Ibpw AhÀ¡p hnPbþ]cm-P-b-§-fp-­m-hp-I-

bpw sN¿pI kzm`m-hn-I-am-bn-cp-¶p. hyXy-kvX-cmb tZh-·m-cpsS A[o-\-X-bn-epÅ `qan-bnse cmPy-§-fpsS cmPm-¡-·mÀ X½n-epÅ bp²-§fpw Ah-cpsS DbÀ¨ XmgvN-Ifpw kzÀ¤-̄ nÂ

tZh-·mÀ X½n \S¡p¶ bp²-§-fpsS {]Xn-̂ -e\amsW¶hÀ IcpXnbn-cp¶p. hS-¡³ cmPy-amb C{km-tb-ensâ ]X-\-¯n-\p-tijw (_n.kn 722--) hfsc sNdnb (c-­p- tKm-{X-§Ä

am{X-ap-Å) cmPy-ambn¯oÀ¶ bqZm Xsâ \ne-bp-d-¸n-¡m³ ]e N{I-hÀ¯n-am-cp-ambpw DS-¼-Sn-I-fn-teÀs¸-«p. CuPn]vXn ^dthm IqSq-X ià-\m-bn-cp-¶-t¸m-sgms¡ bqZm cmPm-¡-

·mÀ ^d-thm-bp-ambn DS-¼-Sn-bn-teÀs¸-«p. {]tZ-i¯v CuPn-]vXn-s\-¡mÄ _m_n-tem¬ iàn-s -̧«-t¸mÄ bqZm _m_n-tem-Wp-ambn DS-¼-Sn-bn-teÀs¸-«p. kz´w \ne-\nev]v Dd-¸p -h-cp-

¯pI F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p Cu DS-¼-Sn-I-fpsS e£yw (P-d 2:18, 36; tlmkn 7:11).

Cu h³ km{am-Py-§Ä X½n-epÅ aÕ-c-¯nÂ\n¶p bqZm ^e-sa-Sp-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-

¶p. A¶s¯ P\-¯nsâ ZrjvSn-bn ssZh-am-bn-cp-¶nà adn¨v henb ssk\n-I-i-àn-I-fm-bn-cp¶ N{I-hÀ¯n-am-cmWp bqZm-bpsS `mK-t[bw Xocp-am-\n-¨n-cp-¶Xv. C{km-tb-ensâ ssZh-

amb IÀ¯m-hnsâ hniz-kvX -`-à-\m-bn-cp¶ tPmknb cmPmhv ^d-thm-bp-am-bpÅ Gäp-ap-«-en saKn-t±m-bnÂh¨p acn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp (2cmP 23:29-þ30). XpSÀ¶p _m_n-tem-Wn-b-¡mÀ

bqZmsb Iogvs¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw Pdp-k-se-an-epÅ IÀ¯m-hnsâ Bebw _m_n-tem-Wn-b³ N{I-hÀ¯n- \-in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

`qan-bnse ià-cmb N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ cmPy-¯n-sâbpw P\-§-fp-sSbpw Ncn{Xw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶-Xmbn ImW-s¸« A¡m-e¯v _m_n-tem-Wn hn{]-hm-k-¯n-em-bn-cp¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\

ssZh-im-kv{X-Ú-·mÀ C{km-tb-ensâ ssZhs¯ ià-\mb Hcp N{I-hÀ¯n-bmbn Nn{Xo-I-cn-¨p F¶p \nb-am-hÀ¯-I-cn-sem-cp-h-\mb c­mw Gi¿m sXfn-bn-¡p-¶p­v: ""IÀ¯mhv

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 7

hoc]pcpjs\t¸mse apt¶dpIbpw tbmZv[mhns\t¸mse tIm]w Pzen¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p.

AhnSp¶p t]mÀhnfn apg¡pIbpw i{Xp¡Äs¡Xntc iIvXn {]ISn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p'' (-Gi 42:13; + 40:23; 41:8þ16). IÀ¯mhv C{km-tb-ens\ c£n-¡m³ Ign-hp-Å- ià\mWv F¶p

ImWn-¡m-\mWv AhÀ C{]-Imcw sNbvX-Xv. CXp Ime-L-«-¯nsâ Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-¶p. ImcWw C{km-tb-ensâ ssZh-amb IÀ¯mhv _m_n-tem-Wnsâ ssZh-amb aÀZq¡nsâ

ap¼n ]cm-P-b-s¸-«-Xn-\m-emWv AhÀ X§-fpsS cmPy-¯p-\n¶p \mSp-I-S-̄ -s¸-«-sX¶p ]e hn{]hm-kn-Ifpw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p (Gi 40:12---.þ18).

ssZhw AXn-i-à-\mb N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-sW-¦n ssZhs¯ B{i-bn¨p Pohn-¡p¶ C{km-tb B ssZh-¯nsâ kwc-£-W-bn Pohn-¡p¶ Hcp kma-´\p kam-\-am-Wv. a²y-]qÀÆ-tZ-

i¯p kma-́ -·mÀ N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS Zmk-·m-cm-bmWv Adn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶Xv: ""Akvkodnbm cmPmhmb jÂat\kÀ Ahs\Xntc h¶p. tlmknbm Ahs³d Zmk(kma´)\mbn I¸w

sImSp¯p'' (2cmP 17:3); ""btlmbm¡nans³d Ime¯p _m_ntem¬ cmPmhmb \_p¡Zv t\kdns³d B{IaWap­mbn. btlmbm¡nw aq¶p hÀjw Ah\p Zmk(kma´)\mbncp¶p;

]n¶oSv Ahs\ FXnÀ¯p'' (24:1). F¶-m C{km-tb-ensâ \ymbm-[n-]-·m-cpsS Imes¯ ]mc-¼-cy-a-\p-k-cn¨v ssZhw Xs¶-bm-bn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS cmPmhv (\ymb 8:23; 1kmap 8:7; 10:19).

ssZhw N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-sW-¦n ssZh-hp-ambn DS-¼Sn sNbvX P\w Ahn-Sps¯ kma-´\p ka-am-Wv. N{I-hÀ¯n (ssZhw) kma-´s\ kwc-£n-¡p-I -am-{X-aà Ahn-iz-kvXX ImWn-

¨m in£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. AXp-sIm­pXs¶ C{km-tb-ensâ hn{]-hmkw ssZhw _m_n-tem-Wn-b³ tZhsâ ap¼n ]cm-P-b-s -̧«-Xnsâ ^e-aà adn¨v AhÀ ImWn¨ Ahn-iz-k-X-

bv¡pÅ in£-bm-Wv F¶p hn{]-hm-ks¯ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-Im-c³ hymJym-\n¨p: ""bmt¡m_ns\ sImÅ¡mÀ¡pw C{kmtbens\ IhÀ¨¡mÀ¡pw hn«psImSp¯XmcmWv?

IÀ¯mhp Xs¶btÃ? \mw AhnSpt¯s¡Xntc ]m]w sNbvXp; AhnSps¯ amÀK¯n AhÀ Ncn¨nÃ; AhnSps¯ \nba§Ä A\pkcn¨nÃ'' (42:24). CXp {]h-N-\ -cq-]-¯nepw

(4:25þ26) D]-tZ-i-cq-]-¯nepw (4:29) Ah-X-cn-¸n-̈ n-cn-¡p-¶Xp \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-¯n ImWmw.

am{X-hp-aà ssZhw N{I-hÀ¯n-bmWv F¦n Ahn-Sps¯ kma-´-\mb ssZh-P\w X§fpsS \ne-\n-ev]n-\mbn ssZh-t¯mSp ]qÀ®-amb hniz-kvXX-tbmsS Pohn-t¡-­-Xp­v.

A¡m-c-W-̄ m-emWv ssZhnI \nb-a-§fpw ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-Sn-bp-saÃmw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ N{I-hÀ¯nbpw kma-́ \pw X½n-epÅ DS-¼-Sn-bpsS cq]-¯n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨n-cn-

¡p-¶-Xv.

Cu DS-¼-Sn-I-fpsS s]mXp-L-S\:

1. BapJw: DS-¼Sn sNbvXp-sIm­p kwkm-cn-¡p¶ N{I-hÀ¯nsb/bmlvshsb Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶p.

2. cmPm-hn-\p-th­n (km-a-´-\p-th-­n) Ign-ª-Im-e-§-fn N{I-hÀ¯n sNbvX \·-I-fpsS hnh-cWw (\nb 1:6þ4:43 ImWpI).

3. DS-¼-Sn-bpsS D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§Ä: (\nb 5þ26 ImWp-I; s]mXp\nb-a-§Ä 5þ11; {][m\ D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§Ä 12-þ26).

4. DS-¼-Sn-bpsS ^e-§Ä (\nb 27-þ29 ImWp-I).

5. km£n-IÄ (\nb 30:19; 31:19; 32, tami-bpsS Km\w DS-¼-Sn¡p km£n-bm-Wv).

Cu DS-¼-Sn-I-fpsS Hcp ]IÀ¸v N{I-hÀ¯n-bpsS A¼-e-¯n kq£n-¨n-cp-¶p. asämcp

]IÀ¸p hÀjm-hÀjw hmbn-¨v A-\p-kva-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th­n kma´ cmPm-hnsâ tZhsâ A¼-e-¯nepw kq£n-¨n-cp-¶p (\nb 17:18). CsXÃmw \nb-am-hÀ¯\w Cu DS-¼-Sn-Isf amXr-

I-bm-¡n-bmWv Fgp-X-s¸-«Xv F¶p hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Cu GI-ssZh hnizmk kwln-X¡v DS-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 8

¼SnI-fpsS cq]w \evIp-¶-Xn\p th­n-bmWp tZhm-e-b-¯n \n¶p Is­-¯nb \nb-a-{K-Ù-

¯n\p \nb-am-hÀ¯\{KÙ-Im-c-·mÀ Bap-Jhpw (\nb 1þ11) D]-kw-lm-chpw Fgp-Xn-t¨À¯Xv (27-þ34).

DÂ]-¯n -ap-X kwJy-bpsS {KÙw hsc-bpÅ ]ucm-WnI Ncn-{X-¯nse hnh-c-W-§Ä

\evIp¶ ZÀi\§fà \nb-a-{K-Ù-̄ nsâ IÀ¯mhp \evIp-¶-Xv. tami-bv¡p-tijw hf-sc-¡mew Ignªv tami-bpsS Ime-t¯bv¡p Xncnªp t\m¡p¶ Hcp {KÙ-IÀ¯m-hmWv \nb-

am-hÀ¯\ \nba kwlnX \evIp-¶-Xv. ssZh-I-ev]-\-IÄ A\p-k-cn-t¡-­-sX-§-s\-sb¶p hni-Zo-I-cn-¡pI F¶XmWv At±-l-¯nsâ e£yw.

]©-{K-Ù¯nÂ, \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-¯n am{X-amWp \nb-a-{KÙw F¶ t]cp tNÀ¯n-cn-¡p-¶Xv (17:19--- -þ---- ---20; 28:58; 29:19; 31:11þ12). \nb-am-hÀ¯-\s¯ apgp-h\pw IqSn \nbaw F¶p

hnfn¡mw. XpSÀ¶v Cu D]-tbmKw ap³Im-e -{]-hm-N-I-·m-cnepw (tPmjzþ2cmP) ImWp¶p­v (tPmjz 8:31; 23:6; 2cmP 14:6). tami-bpsS \nb-a-{KÙw F¶m-Wp ]©-{K-Ùs¯ hnti-jn-¸n-

¡p-¶-Xv F¦nepw \nb-am-hÀ¯\-¯ntem \nb-am-hÀ¯\Ncn-{X-¯ntem (tPmjz-þ2-cmP) BWv tami-bpsS \nb-a-{KÙw F¶ -{]tbmKw BZy-ambn \mw ImWp-¶-Xv. {KÙ-̄ nsâ

e£y-sa-s´¶p {KÙ-¯nsâ Bcw-`-̄ n ]d-ªn-«p­v: ""tPmÀZms³d A¡sc samhm_p tZi¯ph¨p tami \nbaw hniZoIcn¡phm³ XpS§n''(1:5).

Cu {KÙ-s¯-¡p-dn¨v ""Cu \nba{KÙw'' F¶p {KÙIÀ¯mhv BhÀ¯n¨p ]d-bp-¶p-­v (29:21; 30:10; 31:26). tami-bmWp {KÙ-IÀ¯mhv F¶p {]Jym-]n-¡p¶ ]©-{K-Ù¯nse GI-

{KÙw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-amWv (\nb 31:9). C{km-tb-ensâ Ncn-{X-¯n CXm-bn-cn-¡Ww BZy-ambn hnip-²-ambn Icp-X-s¸-«- {KÙw (2cmP 23:1þ3).

\nb-a-{KÙw Is­-Sp-¯-sX-§-s\-sb¶pw AXp e`y-am-b-t¸mÄ tPmknbm cmPmhnsâ {]Xn-I-c-W-sa-́ m-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS c­mw ]pkvXIw hyà-ambn hnh-cn-¡p-¶p­v

(2cmPm 22þ23). tZhm-e-b-¯n kw`-cn-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ hkvXp-h-I-IÄ tPmknb cmPm-hnsâ Ime¯v AhÀ ]cn-tim-[n-¨-t¸mÄ Ah-bv¡nS-bnÂ\n¶v AhÀ¡v Hcp {KÙw e`y-am-bn. AXp

hmbn¨ ]ptcm-ln-Xt\m cmPm-hnt\m AsX-´m-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-bn-Ã. hnizm-k- Im-cy-§-fn Xo£-W-a-Xn-I-fmb AhÀ¡v A]-cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp {KÙ-am-bn-cp¶p AsX-¶m-Wv AXnsâ

AÀ°w. AXp-sIm­v B {K-Ù-¯nse DÅ-S-¡-sa-́ m-sW-¶-dn-bm³ {KÙ-hp-ambn cmPmhp Xsâ Bfp-Isf lqÂZm -{]-hm-Nn-I-bpsS ASp-t -̄bv¡-b-¨p. {KÙw ]cn-tim-[n¨ {]hm-NnI

AXp IÀ¯m-hnsâ \nb-a-am-sW¶p a-dp-]-Sn- \ÂIp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

Xncn¨p sIm«m-c-¯n sIm­p-h¶ {KÙw hmbn-¨p -tI«t¸mÄ cmPmhv A\p-X-]n-¡p-Ibpw

B {K-Ù-¯n \nÀt±-in-¨n-cp-¶-X-\p-k-cn¨v tZi¯v henb Hcp aX\ho-I-cWw \S-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Pdp-k-te-an-sem-gnsI hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i-¯p-­m-bn-cp¶ FÃm hnip-²-Ø-e-§fnse

Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§fpw cmPmhp \in-¸n-¨p. Pdpksew tZhm-e-b-¯nepw C{km-tb-ense ]qPm-Kn-cn-I-fn-ep-ap-­m-bn-cp¶ A\y-tZ-h-·m-cpsS FÃm hn{K-l-§fpw At±lw X¨p-S-¨p. A§s\

At±lw tZi-¯p- apgp-h\pw Zriy-am-bn-cp¶ hn{K-lm-cm-[\ D³aq-e\w sNbvXp.

tPmknb sNbvX Cu Imcy-§Ä 2cmPm 23  hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-\m C§s\ sN¿-W-sa¶p Iev]n-¡p¶ hN-\-`m-K-sa-hnsS F¶-t\z-jn¨ ]Þn-X-·mÀ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w 12þ26 emWv

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 9

sNs¶¯nb-Xv. A§-s\-sb¦n hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i-¯p -{]-th-in-¡p-t¼mÄ AhnsS sN¿-W-sa¶v

tami \nb 12-þ26  Iev]n-¨n-cn-¡p¶Xmbn hnh-cn-¡p¶ Imcy-§-fmWp tPmknbm sNbvX-Xv. Cu {KÙhpw CXnse \nÀt±-i-§fpw A¶p-h-sc-bpÅ cmPm-¡-·mÀ¡pw P\-¯n\pw A]-cn-Nn-

X-am-bn-cp¶Xn\m -Bbn-cn-¡Ww ssZh-t¯mSp hniz-kvX-\mb tPmkn-bmbv¡pw ]ptcm-ln-XÀ¡pw B {KÙw BZyw I­-t¸mÄ a\-Ên-em-ImsX t]mb-Xv. AXp-sIm-­mWp ]Þn-X-

·mÀ \nb 12þ26 s\ ]©-{K-Ù¯n-se BZy- {K-Ù-ambn IW-¡m-¡p-¶-Xv.

Cu {K-Ù-¯nsâ tI{µ Bi-bw GI-ssZh hnizm-k-am-Wv. C{km-tb-ensâ A\p-Zn\

{]mÀ°-\-bmbn amdnb ""jam C{km-tb-enÂ'' Cu bmYmÀ°yw hyà-am-bn-¡m-Wmw: ""C{kmtbte, tIÄ¡pI: \½psS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv Htc Hcp IÀ¯mhmWv'' (6:4). B

kXy-ssZ-h-¯n\p cq]-anÃ: ""At¸mÄ AKv\nbpsS aZv[y¯n \n¶v IÀ¯mhp \n§tfmSp kwkmcn¨p. \n§Ä i_vZw tI«p þ i_vZw am{Xw; cq]wI­nÃ'' (4:12, 15þ24). AXp-sIm­p

hn{K-l-§-fp-­m-¡-cpXv.

ssZhw GI-\m-sW¶ ssZh-imkv{X ho£-W-¯nsâ {]mtbm-KnI {]Xn-^-e-\-am-bn-cp¶p

GI-ssZ-h-¯nsâ kzbw shfn-s¸-Sp-¯-en\p `qan-bn Hcp tZhm-e-bta ]mSpÅq F¶ Nn´. XXv^-e-ambn C{km-tb-ense FÃm ]c-¼-cm-KX Bcm-[-\m-Øe§fpw XIÀ¡-s -̧Sp-Ibpw

ssZhw sXc-sª-Sp¯p F¶p ]d-bp¶ sPdp-k-se-anse Be-b-¯n am{X-ambn IÀ¯m-hn-\pÅ Bcm-[\ ]cn-an-X-s -̧Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp (\nb 12:1þ7). tPmknb \in-¸n¨ Bcm-[-\m-e-

b-§-fpsS Iq«¯n bmt¡m_v ssZhs¯¡­p-ap«nb t_tY-epw, Genb _en-bÀ¸n¨ IÀ½e aebpw tPmjz P\-s¯-s¡m­v DS-¼Sn sN¿n¨ sjs¡apw FÃmw DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-Xn-

\m-emWv C¡m-e-L-«-§Äs¡Ãmw tijw P·-sa-Sp-¯-Xm-bn-cn-¡Ww Cu \nb-a-{K-Ùw- F-¶p- ]-Þn-X-·mÀ Icp-Xp-¶-Xv.

F¶mÂ- GI-ssZh hnizmkhpw GI-ssZh¯n\v- GI Bcm-[-\m-Ø-e-sa¶ Bi-bhpw DÂ]-¯n-bpsS BZy A[ymbw apX- {]Xn-^-en-¡p-¶p­v. \nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZh-im-kv{X-

Ú-·m-cmWv DÂ]¯n apX-epÅ ]nXm-¡-·m-cpsS Ncn{Xw t{ImUo-I-cn-¨Xv F¶nXp hyà-am-¡p-¶p. A¯-c-¯n-epÅ Hcp ssZh-imkv{X Nn´ hnImkw {]m]n-¨Xv slk-¡nbmþtPm-

knbm cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS Ime-¯m-Wv. A¶phscbpw C{km-tb-en At\Iw _en-]o-T-§-fpw Ahn-sS-sbÃmw ""icn-bmb'' Bcm-[-\bpw \S-¶p -t]m-¶n-cp-¶p (D-Zm. Genbm _en-bÀ¸n¨

IÀ½e ae-bnse _en-]o-Tw (1cmP 18:32) bmt¡m_p _en-bÀ¸n¨ t_tY (DÂ] 28:17), tkmf-a³ _en-bÀ¸n¨ Kn_-tbm¬ (1-cmP 3:4)).

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯n\p ap¼pÅ \mep -{K-Ù-§-fnepw ""tXmd'' F¶ sl{_m-b-hm¡v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p-s­-¦nepw At¸m-sgÃmw AXnsâ AÀ°w D]-tZiw F¶p-am-{X-amWv (tehy 6:2; 7:1,

11, 18; 12:7; 13:9; 14:2; 32, 54; kwJy 5:29; 6:13, 21; ImWpI DÂ] 26:5; ]pd 16:28; 18:20; tehy 26:46). tXmd F¶- hm-¡n\p D]-tZiw F¶-XnÂ\n¶p hyXykvX-ambn \nb-a-{KÙw F¶

AÀ°w e`n¨Xv tPmkn-bm-bpsS Ime¯mWv. tXmd F¶p hnfn-¡-s¸-«n-cp¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-t¯mSp tNÀ¡-s¸-«-t¸m-gmWv aäp \mep-{K-Ù-§Ä¡p (Dev]-þ-kw-Jy) ""\nbaw'' F¶ t]cp

ssIh-¶-Xv F¶-\p-am-\n-¡p-¶-Xn sXän-Ã. tPmkn-b-bpsS Imes¯ \nb-a-{K-Ù-¯nsâ Is­-¯Â C{km-tb Ncn-{X-¯nse AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp kw`-h-am-bn-cp-¶p.

\nb-a-{K-Ù-̄ nsâ (\nb 12þ26) BK-a\w (tPm-kn-b-bpsS Imew) C{km-tb-ensâ aX-N-cn-{X-¯n hn¹-h-I-c-amb ]e amä-§fpw hcp-¯n (\nb 12:1þ14; 12:21, 27; 14:22-þ26; 15:19-þ22; 16:1þ9;

16:11, 13-þ17, 21þ22 apXembh). XÂ^-e-ambn Psdan-bmbpw Fk-¡n-tbepw c­mw Gi-¿mbpw aäv \nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZh-im-kv{X-Ú-·mcpw D]m-[n-I-fn-Ãm¯ GI ssZh hnizmkw {]tLm-

jn-¨p. IÀ¯m-hp- am-{X-amWv GI ssZhw F¶-hÀ ]Tn-¸n¨p XpS§n (\nb 4:39; 32:39, Gi 43:10þ13, 45:19þ25; sPd 25:6; 35:5; 10:11; 19:13; 16:19þ20; 44:1þ7; 8:14; 9:13þ14; 23:15; Fk 8:1þ18; 14:4þ11;

20:1þ30 apXembh).

C{km-tb-ensâ BZy-Ime Ncn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-¨m A\y-P-\-X-I-fpsS tZh-·m-sc-¡p-dn¨v

AhÀ Imcy-amb Nn´-IÄ -DÅ-h-cm-bn-cp-¶nà F¶p ImWmw. C{km-tb-en\v Hcp ssZhw am{Xta D­m-Imhq F¶ Nn´- am-{Xta AhÀ¡p-­m-bn-cp-¶p-Åp. \ymb[n]·m-cpsS

Ime¯pw (""A§s\ C{kmtbens³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhpXs¶ Xs³d P\amb C{kmtbens³d ap¼nÂ\n¶v Atamcysc Xpc¯nbncns¡ \o Ah ssIhiam¡m³

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 10

t]mIp¶pthm? \ns³d ssZhamb sItamjv \n\¡p Xcp¶Xp \o ssIhiw hbv¡p¶ntÃ?

R§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv R§Ä¡v Hgn¸n¨p Xcp¶sXms¡ R§Ä ssIhiam¡pw''; \ymb 11:23þ24) cmP-hm-gvN-bpsS Ime-¯p-saÃmw (""FÃm P\XIfpw

X§fpsS ssZh¯ns³d \ma¯n Ncn¡p¶p. \mw \½psS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d \ma¯n Fs¶¶pw hym]cn¡pw''; an¡ 4:5) CXmbn-cp¶p Ah-cpsS s]mXp-[m-c-W (DZm.)

F¶m hn{]-hm-k-¯n-\p-ap¼v (_n.kn. 587) tlmknb {]hm-N-I-\n Bcw-`n-¡p-Ibpw ]n¶oSp slk-¡nb tPmknb cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS Ime¯p iàn-{]m-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp

ssZimkv{X ho£-W-am-bn-cp¶p temI-̄ m-I-am\w Hcp ssZhta DÅpsh¶Xpw AXv C{km-tb-ensâ ssZh-amb IÀ¯m-hm-sW-¶-Xpw: ""\o CuPn]vXv tZi¯mbncp¶ \mÄapXÂ

\ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp Rm\mWv. Fs¶bÃmsX asämcp ssZhs¯ \o Adnbp¶nÃ. Rm\ÃmsX asämcp c£I\nÃ'' (tlmkn 13:4).

temI v̄ Hcp ssZhta DÅp-sh-¦n B ssZh-¯n\p `qan-bn hkn-¡m³ Hcm-ebw aXn. hn¹-h-I-c-amb Cu ssZh-im-kv{X-amWv tPmkn-bm-bpsS Ime¯p tZhm-e-b-¯nÂ\n¶p Is­-

Sp¯ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nba kwln-X-bn-ep-­m-bn-cp-¶-Xv. XXv -̂e-ambn IÀ¯m-hn-\pÅ Bcm-[\ sPdq-ksew tZhm-e-b-̄ n am{Xw tI{µo-Ir-X-am-bn. \qäm-­p-I-fmbn \nb-a-]-c-ambn¡cp-

X-s¸-«n-cp¶ Bcm-[\m Øe-§fpw Bcm-[-\m-co-Xn-Ifpw CtXmsS \nba hncp-²-am-bn-¡-cp-X-s¸-«p (\nb 12þ13). \nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZh-im-kv{X-Ú-cpsS Cu \o¡-amWv C{km-tb-ens\

GI-ssZh hnizmkw -DZvtLm-jn-¡p¶ blq-Z-a-X-am¡n hn{]-hm-k-Im-e-tijw cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-

¯n-b-Xv (Monolatry to Monotheism). temI¯v At\Iw ssZh-§-fp-s­¶pw F¶m C{km-

tb-en\v Hcp ssZhw am{X-ta-bp-Åp-sh-¶p-amWv A¶p-hsc AhÀ hniz-kn-¨n-cp-¶Xv.

\nbamhÀ¯-Isâ Nn´-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-]-c-amb Hcp shfn-s¸-Sp-¯Â \nb 4:32þ40  ImWmw: ""IgnªImes¯¸än, ssZhw a\pjys\ `qapJ¯p krjvSn¨Xp apXepÅ

Imes¯¸än, BImi¯ns³d HcäwapX atäbäwhsc tNmZn¡pI; CXpt]msemcp almkw`hw Fs¶¦nepw D­mbn«pt­m? CXpt]msem¶p tI«n«pt­m? GsX¦nepw P\X

Fs¶¦nepw AKv\nbpsS a[y¯nÂ\n¶p kwkmcn¡p¶ ssZh¯ns³d i_vZw \n§Ä tI«Xpt]mse tIÄ¡pIbpw ]ns¶ Pohn¨ncn¡pIbpw sNbvXn«pt­m? \n§fpsS

ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv CuPn]vXn h¨p \n§Ä Im¬sI \n§Ä¡pth­n sNbvXXpt]mse almamcnIÄ, ASbmf§Ä, AZv`pX§Ä, bpZv[§Ä, Ic_ew, iIvXn{]IS\w, `bm\I

{]hr¯nIÄ F¶nhbm X\n¡mbn Hcp P\Xsb asämcp P\XbpsS a[y¯nÂ\n¶p XncsªSp¡m³ GsX¦nepw ssZhw Fs¶¦nepw DZyan¨n«pt­m? IÀ¯mhmWp

ssZhsa¶pw AhnSp¶ÃmsX asämcp ssZhansöpw \n§Ä Adnbm³ th­nbmWv ChsbÃmw \n§fpsS ap³]n ImWn¨Xv. \n§sf ]Tn¸n¡m³ BImi¯p\n¶v Xs³d

kzcw \n§sf tIĸn¨p. `qanbn Xs³d al¯mb AKv\n ImWn¨p. AKv\nbpsS a[y¯n \n¶v AhnSps¯ hm¡pIÄ \n§Ä tI«p. AhnSp¶p \n§fpsS ]nXm¡³amsc

kvt\ln¨XpsIm­v AhÀ¡ptijw AhcpsS k´m\§sf XncsªSp¯p; AhnSp¶p Xs³d almiIvXnbpw km¶n[yhpw {]ISam¡ns¡m­v \n§sf CuPn]vXnÂ\n¶p

sIm­phcpIbpw sNbvXp. \n§sf¡mÄ henbhcpw iIvXcpamb P\XIsf \n§fpsS ap³]nÂ\n¶p \o¡n¡fbm\pw \n§sf sIm­ph¶v C¶s¯Xpt]mse AhcpsS tZiw

\n§Ä¡v AhImiambn Xcm\pwth­n Bbncp¶p AXv. apIfn kzÀK¯nepw Xmsg `qanbnepw IÀ¯mhÃmsX asämcp ssZhansöv {Kln¨v AXp lrZb¯n Dd¸n¡phn³.

BIbmÂ, \n§Ä¡pw \n§fpsS k´XnIÄ¡pw \³abp­mIm\pw ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp \n§Ä¡p imizXambn Xcp¶ tZi¯p ZoÀLImew hkn¡m\pwth­n IÀ¯mhns³d

N«§fpw {]amW§fpw ]men¡phn³ F¶p Rm³ \n§tfmSp IÂ]n¡p¶p'' (\nb 4:32þ40).

P\s¯ CuPn-]vXn \n¶p tamNn-¸n-¨psIm­v GI-ssZ-h-amb IÀ¯mhp Xsâ iàn

sXfn-bn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p. CuPn-]vXn \n¶pÅ tamN-\hpw acp-`q-an-bn-eqsS \bn-¨Xpw P\-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 11

¯n\p hmKvZ-¯-tZ-iw \ÂIn-bXpw asämcp ssZh-anà F¶p P\w Xncn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-

bm-bn-cp-¶p: ""apIfn kzÀK¯nepw Xmsg `qanbnepw IÀ¯mhÃmsX asämcp ssZhansöv {Kln¨v AXp lrZb¯n Dd¸n¡phn³'' (4:39). aäp P\-§Ä¡pw tZi-§Ä¡pw kqcy-

s\bpw N{µ-s\bpwt]mse Bcm-[n-¡m-\p-ff hkvXp-¡Ä \ÂIn-bXpw IÀ¯mhp Xs¶-bm-Wv (2:9, 19; 4:19; 29:26; 32:8). CXp IÀ¯m-hnsâ kmÀÆ-{XnI A[n-Im-c-amWp ImWn-¡p-¶-Xv:

""\n§Ä BImi¯nte¡p I®pIÄ DbÀ¯n kqcys\bpw N{µs\bpw \Ivj{X§sfbpw þ FÃm BImitKmf§sfbpw þ I­v BIrjvScmbn Ahsb Bcm[n¡pIbpw

tkhn¡pIbpw sN¿mXncn¡m³ {]tXyIw {iZv[n¨psImÅphn³. Ah BImi¯ns³d IognepÅ FÃm P\XIÄ¡pwth­n \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp

\ÂInbncn¡p¶hbmWv'' (4:19). C{km-tb A\y-ssZ-h-§sf Bcm-[n-¨m kÀÆm-[n-Im-cn-bmb IÀ¯mhp ag XS-ªp- h-bv¡p-Ibpw C{km-tb-ens\ in£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw (11:13þ17).

DS-¼-Sn-bpsS P\-amb AhÀ Ft¸mgpw A\p-kva-cn-t¡-­Xv IÀ¯m-hmWv GI-ssZ-h-sa-¶m-Wv (6:4). GI-ssZ-h-amWp IÀ¯m-sh¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ XXz-amWp blq-Z-a-X-¯nsâ ASn-

Øm\w. Cu XXz-amWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{KÙw ]ehn-[-¯n ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-¯nse ASn-Øm\ ssZhimkv{X- ho-£Ww GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-k-am-Wv. aäv Bi-b-§Ä Cu ASn-Øm\ ho£-W-t¯mSp tNÀ¶p- \n-ev¡p-¶h am{X-amWv (28:14).

FÃm-¯-c-¯n-ep-apÅ hn{K-lm-cm-[\bpw \ntcm-[n-¨p-sIm-­mWv ssZhw Cu {KÙ-̄ n Xsâ \nb-a-§Ä \evIp-¶Xv (4:15-þ40; 5:7-þ10; 6:4-þ9, 14-þ15; 7:16; 9:12;11:18; 12:29þ31; 23:17). tZh-·m-

sc-¶-dn-b-s¸-Sp-¶Xv ssZh-§-f-Ã. hn{K-l-§-fmWp temI-¯nse Gähpw t¾O-amb hkvXp (7:25þ26; 9:21; 11:16; 13:12--þ16). ssZhw GI\mb-Xn-\m-emWv Ahn-Sps¯ \nb-a-§Ä A\p-k-cn-¡p-

I-sb-¶Xv a\p-jy\v A\n-hm-cy-am-Ip-¶Xv (32:36-þ39). ssZh-¯nsâ GI-Xz-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Cu ktµiw tIÄ¡p-Itbm A\p-k-cn-¡p-Itbm sN¿m-¯-hÀ DS-¼-Sn-bpsS kaq-l-¯nÂ\n¶p

\nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿-s -̧SWw (13:6-þ11; 17:1þ5).

GI-ssZhhnizmkw P·-sa-Sp-¯-Xnsâ ^e-ambn GI-ssZ-h-¯nsâ ]ptcm-ln-X³ \oXn-

bpsSta hn[n-XoÀ¡m³ Ign-hpÅ Gähpw {][m\ hyàn-bmbn amdn (17:8-þ10). \nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZh-im-kv{X-ÚÀ C{km-tb-ense cmPm-¡-·mÀ¡pw Hcp s]cp-am-ä-¨«w GÀs¸-

Sp¯n (17:14-þ20). C{km-tb-ense {]hm-N-I-hr-¯n¡v apI-fnepw AhÀ \nb-{ -́W-§Ä GÀs¸-Sp-¯n. {]hm-N-I-cpsS kXy-k-ÔX Af-¡phm-\pÅ AfhptIm-embn GI-ssZh hnizmkw

IW-¡m-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ \S-¯nb {]h-N-\-§-fpsS ]qÀ¯o-I-cWw Hmtcm {]hm-N-I-sâbpw hnizm-ky-X-bpsS Af-hp-tIm-embn Icp-X-p-Ibpw sNbvXp (13:1þ5; 18:20-þ22). GIssZh hnizm-k -

{]-Jym-]-\-¯nsâ ^-e-ambn tZh-·mÀ¡pÅ _en-bÀ¸Ww, a{´-hmZw, {]iv\w hbv¡Â, e£Ww ]d-¨nÂ, B`n-Nmcw, shfn-¨-¸mSv, £p{Z-¡m-c³, arX-k-tµ-i-hnZy F¶n-h-sbÃmw

C{km-tb-en \njn-²-ambn (18:9-þ13). GI-ssZ-hs¯ AwKo-I-cn-¡m¯ FÃm cPy-§-sfbpw \in-¸n-¡-W-sa¶ Nn´ P·-sa-Sp¯p (20:17þ18; 29:16-þ18). arX-k-tµ-k-hnZy A`y-kn-¨n-cp¶ P\-

X-I-fpsS at[y Pohn-¨n-cp¶ C{km-tb-en ac-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸« FÃm tij-{In-b-Ifpw Bcm-[\m hn[n-Ifpw \njn-²-am¡s¸«p (26:14).

ssZh-I-ev]-\-IÄ kXy-k-Ô-ambn ]men-¡p-¶n-sÃ-¦n AhÀ Gähpw henb Xn·-bmb hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bv¡mbn ssIhn-S-s¸-Sp-sa¶v C{km-tb-en\p ssZhw ap¶-dn-bn¸p \evIn (8:19; 28:15-þ37; 29:24þ26). C{km-tb P-\s¯ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-sb¶ sXän-s\-¡p-dn¨v Ah-t_m-[-ap-Å-h-cm-¡m³ Hcp Km\-sa-gpXn ssZhw AXp- tam-isb ]Tn-¸n¨p; Cu Km\w C{km-tb P\s¯ ]Tn-¸n-¡m³ ssZhw tami-tbmSp Iev]n¨p (31:14þ19; 32:12, 16-þ17, 21, 37, 39). ssZh-¯n-\pÅ C{km-tb-ensâ Bcm-[\ apgp-h³ Pdq-k-se-an tI{µo-I-cn-¨p- I-gn-ª-t¸mÄ Pdqksew tZhm-e-b-¯nse {][m\ BIÀj-W-hkvXp AhnsS Øm]n-¨n-cp¶ ssZhnI \nb-a-am-bn -amdn (31:9þ13). Cu GI-ssZ-h-Nn-´-bpsS ASn-Øm\ XXz-§-fmWv \nb 12þ26 ImWp-¶-Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 12

ssZhw GI-\m-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶-tXm-sSm¸w kXyssZh-¯n\p cq]-anà F¶pw ssZhw a\p-

jy\p {]m]y-\m-Ip-¶Xv Ahn-Sps¯ hN-\-¯n-eq-sS-bm-sW¶pw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ ]d-ªp: ""At¸mÄ AKv\nbpsS aZv[y¯nÂ\n¶p IÀ¯mhp \n§tfmSp kwkmcn¨p. \n§Ä

i_vZwtI«p þ i_vZw am{Xw; cq]wI­nÃ... cq]wI­nÃ'' (4:12, 15). DZm. ]g-b-Im-es¯ a\p-jy-cp-]-ap-Å-h\pw Zriy-\p-amb ssZhw A{]-Xy-£-\m-bn (DZm. DÂ]¯n 2). ssZhw Acq-

]nbpw kÀÆ-hym-]nbpw kÀÆm-[n-Im-cn-bp-am-sW¶p ]d-ª-p-sIm­v. \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn-¨pÅ ]g-b-Ime Nn´ (DÂ]þkw-Jy) Xncp-¯p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.

GI-ssZ-h-hn-izmkw Dd-¸n¨p ]d-bp-t¼mgpw C{km-tb-ensâ ]mc-¼-cy-¯n-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ ]g-b- _lp-ssZh Nn-´-Ifpw ssZhs¯ a\p-jysâ cq]-¯n ImWp¶ coXnbpw {KÙ-̄ nÂ

CS-bv¡nsS sXfnªp \n¡p-¶Xp ImWmw: XÂ^-e-ambn ssZh-¯nsâ A[-c-§sf¡pdn¨pw (8:3) ssII-sf-¡p-dn¨pw (4:34; 5:15; 7:19; 11:2; 26:8) ssIhn-c-ep-I-sf-¡p-dn¨pw

(9:10) ssZhw \S-¡p-¶-Xn-s\-¡p-dn¨pw (23:14) ssZh-¯nsâ t\m«-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-saÃmw {KÙ-Im-c³ kwkm-cn-¡p-¶p-­v. F¶m C§-s\-sbÃmw ]d-bp-t¼mÄ At±lw ssZh-¯nsâ Hcp

Nn{Xw hc-bv¡m³ {ian-¡p-I-bà sN¿p-¶-Xv, adn¨v Ahn-Sps¯ {]hÀ¯-\-coXn hni-Zo-I-cn-¡pI am{X-am-Wv.

ssZhw \oXn-am-\mWv: ssZh-¯nsâ kz`m-h-{]-tXy-I-X-I-sf-¡p-dn¨p \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙw XmXzn-I-ambn H¶pw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. F¶m ssZhw sNbvX ]e hen-b -Im-cy-§fpw

hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶-tXm-sSm¸w AXv F§-s\-bmWp sNbvX-sX¶pw ]d-bp-¶p-­v. \oXn-am-\mb ssZhw \·-bp-am-Wv. ssZhw ]md-bmWv (32:4) F¶Xnsâ ASn-Øm\w ssZh-¯nsâ Cu

\oXn-bmWv. ]md-t]mse Dd-¨-Xm-b-Xp-sIm­p ]£-]mXw Ahn-Sps¯ kv]Àin-¡p-I--bnà (10:12þ22). A\m-Y\pw hn[-h¡pw ]c-tZ-in-¡p-saÃmw Ahn-Sp¶p \oXn \S-¯ns¡mSp-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿pw (10:17þ18). ssZh-¯nsâ \oXn-bpsS {]Xn-^-e-\-amWp ssZhw \evInb \nb-a-§Ä (4:8).

Im\m-\n-epÅ hnPm-Xn-b-sc-sbÃmw \nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿-W-sa¶ (tl-scw) \nb-ahpw

(20:16þ18; 1:30; 31:3) C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« P\-am-sW¶ XXzhpw ssZh-¯nsâ \oXn-bp-ambn F§-s\-bmWp tNÀ¶p-t]m-Ip-¶Xv F¶v Bsc-¦nepw tNmZn-t¨-¡mw.

F¶m A\y tZi-¡msc ssZhw \in-¸n-¡p-¶Xv C{km-tb-ensâ \·-bpsS ^e-am-bn-«Ã adn¨v Ah-cpsS Xn· \nan-¯-am-Wv (9:5; DÂ] 15:12). C{km-tb ]m]w sNbvX-t¸mÄ

AhÀs¡-Xn-tc bp²w sNbvX AÊo-dn-b-sbbpw _m_n-tem-Wn-s\bpw ssZh-¯nsâ in£m-hn-[n-bpsS D]-I-cWw F¶mWp {]hm-N-I-·mÀ hnti-jn-¸n-¨-Xv (Gi 10:5).

C{km-tb-en-t\m-SpÅ ssZh-¯nsâ kvt\lhpw Ah-cpsS Xnc-sª-Sp-̧ p-amWp {][m\ NÀ¨mhnjbw. \nb-am-hÀ¯\ Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨p ssZhw ]nXm-¡-·m-tcmSp sNbvX hmKvZm-

\hpw AhnSpt¯¡v Ah-tcm-SpÅ kvt\lhpw hniz-kvX-X-bp-amWv C{km-tb-ens\ Xsâ kz´-ambn Xnc-sª-Sp-¡m³ ssZhs¯ t{]cn-¸n-¨-Xv (4:37; 7:8, 13; 10:15).

C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« P\-amWv F¶ Bibw DS-¼-Sn-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. DS-¼Sn (s_-do-¯v) F¶ hm¡p {KÙ-¯n 27 {]mhiyw {]Xy-£-s¸-Sp-¶p-­v.

tlmsd-_nse DS-¼-Sn-sb-¡p-dn¨pw (4:23; 5:2; 29:1; 31:16, 20) ]nXm-¡-·m-tcmSp sNbvX DS-¼-Sn-sb-¡p-dn¨pw (4:31; 7:12; 8:18) {KÙw hnh-cn-¡p-¶p-­v. ]¯p I¸-\-Isf DS-¼Sn F¶mWp

{KÙw hnfn-¡p-¶Xv (4:13; 9:9, 11, 15). C{km-tb ssZh-hp-ambn sNbvX DS-¼Sn ewLn-¡-cpXv (29:24þ25; 31:16, 24þ29). Xnc-sª-Sp¸p \S-¶-Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv DS-¼Sn \S-¶-sX-¦nepw P\w kzX-

{´-am-bmWv DS-¼-Sn-bn-teÀs¸-«Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 13

ssZhw GI-\m-sW¶ Nn´-bnÂ\n¶p aäp ]e ssZh-imkv{X ZÀi-\-§fpw P·saSp-¡p-¶p-

­v. a\p-jy-cq-]-ap-Å-h\pw Zriy-\p-amb ssZhw A{]-Xy-£-\m-bn. XXv -̂e-ambn tZhm-ebw ssZh-¯nsâ hmk-Ø-e-aà adn¨v ssZhw Xsâ \maw Øm]n-¡m-\mbn Xnc-sª-Sp¯ GI-

Øew am{X-am-bn-¯oÀ¶p. Bcm[\¡v B Øew am{Xta BhiyapÅq. tZhm-e-b-s¯¡pdn¨p -]-d-bp¶ FÃm Ah-k-c-§-fnepw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\- {K-Ù-Im-c³ AXns\ ssZhw Xsâ \maw Øm]n-¡m³ Xnc-sª-Sp¯ Øe-am-bn- am-{X-amWp ImWp--¶-Xv. ssZhw Xsâ Be-b-¯n hkn-¡p-¶p-sh¶ ]g-b-Im-e-Nn´ (tehy 1:1) ]qÀW-ambpw Hgn-hm-¡-s¸-«p. tZhm-

ebw ssZh-¯nsâ \maw hkn-¡p-¶-Ø-e-am-Wv. AXp ssZh-\maw Øm]n-¡-s¸« Øe-amWv (12:21, 14:23, 16:11).

DS-¼-Sn-bpsS ZÀi-\-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«mWp ]m]w F´m-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶-Xv. \nb-am-hÀ¯-Isâ Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨v Gähpw henb ]m]w hn{K-lm-cm-[\bmWv. ImcWw AXv

DS¼SnbpsS BZys¯ aq¶p hyhØIsfbpw ({]am-W-§-sfbpw) Xnc-kvI-cn-¡p-¶p (6:4þ5). ssZhs¯ ad-¡p-Ibpw A\y ssZh-§sf Bcm-[n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿m-\pÅ henb {]tem-`\w

C{km-tb-en-\p-­mIpw (4:15þ24; 7:4þ5; 12:29þ31). hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bn-tebv¡p P\s¯ \bn-¡p¶ GsXm-cp-h\pw h[-in£ \ÂI-W-sa-¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p \nbaw (13:5, 10, 15; 17:7). temI-¯nse

Gähpw Aip-²-amb hkvXp Hcp hn{K-l-am-Wv (7:25, 26; 12:31; 14:3; 17:1, 4; 18:9, 12; 20:18; 22:5; 27:15). ]cn-ip-²-\mb GIssZhs¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw Gähpw Atcm-N-I-amb hkvXp-hm-

W-Xv.

P\w hn{K-lm-cm-[\ \S-¯p-Ibpw A§s\ ssZh-hp-ambn sNbvX DS-¼Sn ewLn-¡m-³ CS-

h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXm ssZhw Ahsc A\ycmPy-§-fn-tebv¡p NnX-dn¨p If-bpw. AhnsS AhÀ {]tbm-P\ cln-X-§-fmb hn{K-l-§sf Bcm-[n-¡m³ ssIhn-S-s¸Spw (4:25þ30).

F¦nepw Ahn-sS-h¨v AhÀ A\p-X-]n-¡p-Ibpw ]qÀ®-lr-Z-b-t¯msS IÀ¯m-hn-¦-tebv¡p Xncn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXm Ahn-Sp¶v Ah-tcmSp IcpW ImWn¡pw (4:31). At¸m-Ä ssZhw Ah-

cpsS lrZ-b-§sf ]cn-tO-Z\ hnt[-b-am-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ¡p ]pXp-Po-h³ \ÂIp-Ibpw sN¿pw (30:1þ10).

hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-t]mse Xs¶ Xn·-bmbn Icp-X-s¸« ]m]-amWp IÀ¯m-hn hniz-kn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡pI F¶Xv. Poh-sâbpw Ncn-{X-̄ n-sâbpw \nb-´mhp IÀ¯m-hm-Wv. ssZhs¯ Ahn-iz-

kn¨ ]pd-¸m-Snse BZy Xe-ap-dbv¡p hmKvZ¯tZi¯p {]th-in-¡m³ Ign-ªn-Ã.

ssZh-t¯mSpÅ hniz-kvX-X-tbm-sSm¸wXs¶ hnizm-kn¡p ktlm-Z-c-t\mSv D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-§-

fp-ap-­v. ktlm-Z-c-§-tfm-SpÅ IS-a-I-sf-¸än kwkm-cn-¡p¶ Fgp-]-Xn-e-[nIw \nb-a-§Ä \nb 12þ26 D­v. ktlm-Z-c-§-fp-am-bpÅ _Ô¯n hcp¶ ]mfn-¨-Ifpw ]m]-ambn Icp-X-s¸-«n-cp-

¶p: “\ns³d ssZhambIÀ¯mhp \ÂIp¶ ]«W§fn tKm{XwtXmdpw \ymbm[n]³amscbpw kvYm\nIsfbpw \nban¡Ww. AhÀ P\§Ä¡v \njv]Ivjambn

\oXn \S¯ns¡mSp¡s«. \ns³d hn[nIÄ \oXn hncpZv[ambncn¡cpXv. \o ]Ivj]mXw Im«pItbm ssI¡qen hm§pItbm AcpXv. Fs´¶mÂ, ssI¡qen PvRm\nsb

A\v[\m¡pIbpw \oXn \ntj[n¡m³ t{]cn¸n¡pIbpw sN¿p¶p. \o Pohn¨ncn¡p¶Xn\pw \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp Xcp¶ cmPyw ssIhiam¡p¶Xn\pw th­n \oXnam{Xw

{]hÀ¯n¡pI” (16:18þ20; ImWpI 19:15þ21). A\oXn ssZh-I¸-\-I-fpsS ewL-\-am-bn-cp-¶p.

]mh-s¸-«-h-scbpw hn[-h-I-sfbpw A\m-Y-scbpw kwc-£n-¡m³ {]tXyI \nb-a-§-fp-­m-bn-

cp-¶p: “]ctZin¡pw A\mY\pw \oXn \ntj[n¡cpXv. hn[hbpsS hkv{Xw ]Wbw hm§pIbpacpXv. \o CuPn]vXn ASnabmbncp¶psh¶pw \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp

\ns¶ AhnsS\n¶p tamNn¸n¨psh¶pw HmÀ¡Ww. AXpsIm­mWv C§s\ sN¿Wsa¶p

\nt¶mSp Rm³ IÂ]n¡p¶Xv” (24:17þ18; ImWpI 15:1þ18;). Ipä-¡msc hnNm-cW sN¿p-t¼m-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 14

Ä {]Xn-Im-c-a-t\m-`mhw ]peÀ¯n-¡qSm (19:1þ13). ssewKnI hnip-²nbpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw AXn-

{]-[m-\-ambn Icp-X-s¸«p (22:13þ30).

ssZhw AZr-iy-\mWv F¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\Nn´ hmKvZm\t]S-I-s¯¡pdn¨pÅ At±-l-¯nsâ ImgvN-¸m-Snepw Zriy-am-Wv. ap³Ime Nn´-bnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn t]SIw ssZh-

¯nsâ Ccn-¸n-S-a-Ãm-Xm-bn. hmKvZ-\t]SIw ssZh-¯nsâ bm{Xmc-Y-am-sW-¶p- tXm-¶n-¡p¶ Xc-¯n-epÅ kzÀ®w ]qitem sIcq-_p-I-fpsS cq]-§tfm H¶pwXs¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-

Im-csâ t]SIhnh-c-W-¯n Im-Wp-¶n-à (]pd 25:10þ22). Cu ImgvN-¸m-S-\p-k-cn¨v hmKvZm-\-t]-S-I-¯n\v Hcp ZuXyw am{X-ta-bpÅq: AXp IÀ¯m-hnsâ \nb-a-̄ nsâ ^e-I-§Ä kq£n-

¡p¶ Øew am{X-amWv (10:1þ5). AXm-bXv, Gähpw ]qPy-ambn C{kmtb P\w A¶phsc Icp-Xn-bn-cp¶ hnip-²hkvXp AXn-s\-¡mÄ hnip-²-amb (GI-ssZ-h-¯nsâ) \nb-a-§Ä Fgp-

Xnb ^e-I-§Ä kq£n-¡p¶ t]S-I-ambn At±lw Icp-Xn. \nb-a-{KÙw t]S-I-t¯mSp tNÀ¯p hbv¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu \nbaw hmbn¡pt¼m-gmWv P\w ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn¨p

Úm\n-I-fm-hp-Ibpw ssZhs¯ `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶Xv (31:12, 13, 26).

]gb Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨p ssZh-¯n-\p- bm{X sN¿m-\pÅ cYambn-cp¶p t]SIw (kwJy

10:33þ36; 14:42þ44; \nb 1:42-þ43 Xmc-Xayw sNbvXp-hm-bn-¨m CXp-hy-à-am-Ipw). ""IÀ¯m-hnsâ hmKvZm-\-t]-SIw ]mf-b-̄ n \n¶n-d-§n-s¨-¶nÃ'' F¶p kwJy-bpsS {KÙw ]dbpw (14:44);

AXp-sIm-­mWv C{km-tb ]cm-P-b-s¸-«-Xv. Cu kw`hw hnh-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ssZhw Ah-tcm-sSm-¯p-­m-bn-cp-¶nà F¶-ÃmsX hmKvZm-\-t]-S-I-s -̄¡p-dn¨v \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³

H¶pw- ]-d-bp-¶n-Ã.

AXp-t]mseXs¶ kwJy-bpsS hnh-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v C{km-tb-ensâ bm{X-bpsS Ah-k-c-¯n AhÀ¡p hn{i-a-Ø-e-a-t\z-jn-¨p- t]m-bXp IÀ¯m-hnsâ hmKvZm-\-t]-S-I-amWv (10:33).

bp²-¯n-\p- ]p-d-s¸-Sp-t¼mÄ F´p-sN-¿-W-sa¶p tami \nÀt±-i-§Ä \evIp¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ hnh-c-W-¯n (20:1þ5) hmKvZm\t]S-Ita Cà F¶Xp {it²-b-am-Wv. hmkvX-h-

¯n 1kmap 4:6þ7 t]mse hmKvZm-\-t]-SIw k¶n-ln-X-am-tI­ Hcp `mK-am-Wn-Xv. F¶m P\-t¯m-sSm-¯pÅ ssZh-¯nsâ km¶n-[y-s¯-¡p-dn¨p am{Xta \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-Im-c³

kwkm-cn-¡p-¶pÅp (20:1þ5).

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ Nn´I-\mb Psd-an-bm-bnepw CXn\p kam-\-amb ZÀi\w ImWmw:

""IÀ¯mhv Acpfns¨¿p¶p: \n§Ä s]cpIn \mSp\ndªp Ignbpt¼mÄ IÀ¯mhns³d kmIvjyt]SIs¯¸än Bcpw H¶pw ]dbpIbnÃ. AhÀ AXns\¸än Nn´n¡pItbm, AXv

Bhiysa¶p IcpXpItbm CÃ; asäm¶p \nÀ½-n¡pIbpanÃ. IÀ¯mhns³d knwlmk\sa¶v A¶p Pdqksew hnfn¡s¸Spw. kIe P\XIfpw AhnsS IÀ¯mhns³d

\ma¯n kt½fn¡pw. C\n Hcn¡epw AhÀ X§fpsS ZpjvSlrZb¯ns³d CwKnX§Ä¡p hgns¸SpIbnÃ'' (3:16þ17).

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZhimkv{X-Ú-·mÀ _en-bÀ¸Ww Pdp-k-se-an am{X-ambn ]cn-an-X-s¸-

Sp¯n (\nb 12). F¶m AtX kabw Xs¶ _en-bv¡p-th-­n-b-ÃmsX arK-§-sf- sIm-Ãm-\pÅ A\p-hm-Zhpw hnizm-kn-IÄ¡p \evIn. \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nb-a-¯nsâ BhnÀ`m-h-¯n\p

ap¼v \mbm-«n-sem-gnsI asäm-c-h-k-c-¯nepw arK-§sf sImÃm³ C{km-tb¡mÀ¡v A\p-hm-Z-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. Hcp arKs¯ H-cp-h³ sImÃp-s¶-¦n AXnsâ càw _en-]o-T-¯n Xfn-

¡m³ Ah³ _m[y-Ø-\m-bn-cp-¶p (tehy 17:11þ7; 1kmap 14:32þ35). A§s\ sN¿p-¶n-sÃ-¦n sImÃp-¶-bmÄ B cà-¯n\v D -̄c-hm-Zn-bm-bn-¯o-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m càw _en-]o-T-

¯n Xfn-¡m-\pÅ D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-an-ÃmsX arK-§sfsIm¶p `£n-¡m³ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nbaw P\-¯n\v A\p-hmZw \evIn (12:15, 16, 20-þ24). XXv^-e-ambn C{k-tb P\-¯nsâ

Pohn-X-¯n henb kzmX-{´y-amWp e`y-am-b-Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 15

tehy-cpsS {KÙ-¯nse \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn¨v Hcp-h³ hfÀ¯parK-§-sf -h-[n-¨m AXnsâ

càw _en-]o-T-¯n Xfn-t¡-­n-bn-cp-¶p. \mbm-Sn-¸n-Sn-¡p¶ arK-§-fpsS càw AbmÄ a®n«p aqSp-Ibpw thWw (tehy 17:13). ImcWw càw Nn´p-¶Xv ]m]-I-c-am-Wv. AXn-\p- ]-cn-

lm-c-am-bmWv AXv Aįm-c-bn Hgn-¡p-¶-Xv. A§s\ _en-]o-T-¯n-sem-gn-¡m³ Ign-bm¯ \mbm«p arK-§-fpsS cà-amWp a®n«p aptS-­n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. A§s\ sN¿p-¶næn Xpd¶

Øe¯p InS-¡p¶ càw ssZh-k-¶n-[n-bn {]Xn-Im-c-¯n-\mbn \ne-hn-fn¡pw (tPmjz 16:18; Gi 26:21; Fk 24:7þ8). Pohsâ hnfn-bm-b-Xn-\m ssZhw AXn-t\mSp {]Xn-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw

sN¿pw. Hcp a\p-jy-\mWp h[n-¡-s -̧Sp-¶-sX-¦n AXnsâ {]Xn-Imcw ssZhw-Xs¶ Gsä-Sp¡pw. Cu \nb-a-§-sfÃmw Xnc-kvI-cn-¨p-sIm­v _en-bv¡-ÃmsX arK-§-sf -sIm-Ãm-sa¶pw

A§s\ sImÃ-s -̧Sp-¶-h-bpsS càw shÅwt]mse \nes¯mgn¨p- I-f-b-W-sa¶pw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ ]dªp (12:16, 24). ImcWw Pe-s¯-¡mÄ IqSn-b- hn-e-sbm¶pw cà-¯n-\n-Ã.

F¶m càw `£n-¡-cpXv F¶ \nbaw At±lw \ne-\nÀ¯p-¶p­v (\nb 12:23; ImWpI DÂ] 9:4; tehy 17:11).

.

ssZhw Adnª (A-sænÂ) Xnc-sª-Sp¯ P\-am-bn-cp¶p C{km-tbÂ: ""Rm³ Ahs\

XncsªSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv, \oXnbpw \ymbhpw {]hÀ¯n¨ IÀ¯mhns³d hgnbneqsS \S¡m³ Xs³d a¡tfmSpw ]n³ apd¡mtcmSpw Ah³ IÂ]n¡p¶Xn\pw A§s\

IÀ¯mhv Aht\mSp sNbvX hmKvZm\w ]qÀ¯nbm¡p¶Xn\pw th­nbmWv'' (DÂ] 18:19); ""`qanbnepÅ kIe P\XIfnepw sh¨v \n§sf am{XamWp Rm³ kz´ambn KWn¨Xv....''

(Btam 3:2). hnip-²n-bpsS \nb-a-kw-ln-X-b-\p-k-cn¨v (tehy 17þ26) ssZhw X\n-¡mbn thÀXn-cn¨ P\-amWv C{km-tb (tehy 20:26). F¶m ssZhw sXc-sª-Sp-¯ -P-\-amWv

C{kmtbse¶v BZyw ]d-bp-¶Xp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-am-Wv (26:18þ19). ssZhw ]nXm-¡-·msc kvt\ln-¨-Xp-sIm-­mWv Ahsc CuPn-]vXnÂ\n¶p c£n-¨p-sIm-­p-h¶-Xv: ""AhnSp¶p

\n§fpsS ]nXm¡·msc kvt\ln¨Xp sIm­v AhÀ¡ptijw AhcpsS k´m\§sf XncsªSp¯p; AhnSp¶p Xs³d almiIvXnbpw km¶n[yhpw {]ISam¡ns¡m­v \n§sf

CuPn]vXnÂ\n¶p sIm­phcpIbpw sNbvXp'' (4:37); ""\n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhn\p \n§Ä hnipZv[P\amWv. `qapJ¯pÅ FÃm P\XIfnepw\n¶p Xs³d kz´w

P\amtI­Xn\v AhnSp¶p \n§sf XncsªSp¯ncn¡p¶p. IÀ¯mhp \n§sf kvt\ln¨Xpw XncsªSp¯Xpw aäp P\XIsf¡mÄ \n§Ä F®¯nÂ

IqSpXembncp¶XpsIm­Ã; \n§Ä asäÃm P\XIsfbpwImÄ sNdpXmbncp¶p. IÀ¯mhp \n§sf kvt\ln¡pIbpw \n§fpsS ]nXm¡³amtcmSp sNbvX i]Yw ]men¡pIbpw

sN¿p¶XpsIm­mWv, Xs³d iIvXamb Ic¯m \n§sf ]pd¯psIm­p h¶Xpw

CuPn]vXnse cmPmhmb ^dthmbpsS ssIbnÂ\n¶v þ ASna¯¯ns³d ‘h\¯nÂ\n¶v þ

\n§sf cIvjn¨Xpw'' (7:6þ8). C{k-tb ssZh-¯nsâ Ah-Im-i-am-bmWv At±lw ImWp-¶-Xv (7:6; 14:2; 26:18). C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸« P\-am-sW¶ Bibw

ss__n-fn-ep-S-\ofw {]Xn-[z-\n-¡p-¶p-­v.

ssZh-¯nsâ Xnc-sª-Sp-¸nsâ ^e-ambn C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ hnip² P-\-

ambn¯oÀ¶p- F-¶-XmWv Ah-cn kw`-hn¨ H¶m-as¯ amäw (7:6; 14:2, 21). hnip²w F¶m thÀXn-c-¡-s¸-«Xv F¶mWv AÀ°w. AXn-\m AhÀ hnPm-Xo-b-sc-t¸mse Ah-

cpsS BNm-c-§-f-\p-jvSn-̈ p-Iq-Sm. c­m-a-Xmbn, Xnc-sª-Sp¸p hgn C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ Ah-Im-i-ambn amdn (4:20; 9:26, 29; 32:9). aäp Nne hN-\-`m-K-§-fn C{km-tb-ensâ tZiw

ssZh-¯nsâ Ah-Im-i-am-sW¶p ]d-bp-¶p­v (4:21; 12:9, 10). aq¶m-a-Xmbn, Xnc-sª-Sp-¸nsâ ^e-ambn C{km-tb ssZhw hne-a-Xn-¡p¶ {]tXy-I -P-\-ambn¯oÀ¶p (lo{_phn Aw

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 16

sk-KpÅ; 7:6; 12:2; 26:18). ssZh-¯nsâ \n[n-bmWv C{km-tbÂ. cmPm-hnsâ \n[n- ti-J-c-¯n-

\mWp Zn\-hr-¯m´ {KÙ-Im-c\pw (1-Zn\ 29:3) k`m-{]-kw-K-I\pw (2:8) Cu hm¡v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶-Xv. C¡m-c-W-¯m C{km-tb ssZh-¯nsâ I¸-\-IÄ ]qÀ®-lr-Z-b-t¯msS A\p-

k-cn-t¡-­n-bn-cn-¡p¶p: ""tami tehy]ptcmlnX³amtcmSp tNÀ¶v C{kmtb P\t¯mSp ]dªp: C{kmtbte, {iZv[n¨p tIÄ¡pI. C¶p \o \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d

P\ambn¯oÀ¶ncn¡p¶p. B Ibm \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d hm¡p tIÄ¡pIbpw C¶p Rm³ \n\¡p \ÂIp¶ AhnSps¯ IÂ]\ Ifpw N«§fpw

]men¡pIbpw sN¿pI'' (27:9þ10).

]gb Ime¯p N{I-hÀ¯n-amÀ cmPm¡·msc thÀXn-cn¨v AhÀ¡p -{]-tXyI ]Z-hn-IÄ

\evIn-bn-cp-¶p. CXn\p kam-\-amWv \nb-am-hÀ¯\ ZÀi\w: ]cn-ip-²-\mb ssZh-¯nsâ hnip² P\-amWv C{km-tb (\nb 7:6; 14:1, 21). Cu {]tXyI Xnc-sª-Sp¸v ssZh-¯nsâ

hnip-²n-bpsS {]am-W-§Ä Im¯p Pohn-¡m-\pÅ Hcp hnfn-bm-Wv (14:21; 7:1-þ5). ssZh-¯nsâ Cu Xnc-sª-Sp¸v C{km-tb-ens\ Al-´-bn-tebv¡p \bn-¡-cpXv F¶p ImWn-¡m³ Cu

sXc-sª-Sp¸v C{km-tb-ensâ tbmKy-X-bpsS ^e-a-söpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ {]Jym-]n-¡pw. ssZhw Ah-cpsS ]nXm-¡-·msc kvt\ln-¨-Xp-sIm-­mWv Ahsc X\n-¡mbn sXc-sª-Sp-¯-

Xv. ssZhs¯ GI ssZh-ambn Xncn-¨-dn-bpI F¶-XmWv Cu hnfn-bpsS e£yw (7:7-þ9; 9:4þ5).

DÂ]-þ-kwJy ImgvN-¸m-S-\p-k-cn¨v C{km-tb-en\v Ah-cpsS {]hr-¯n-Isf t\m¡msX ssZhw

\nXy Ah-Im-i-am-bn- sIm-Sp¯ Øe-amWp Im\m³ tZiw (DÂ] 13:15; 17:8; 48:4). AXp-t]m-se-Xs¶ Ah-cpsS ]mc-¼-cy-a-\p-k-cn¨p ssZhs¯ hniz-kvX-X-tbmsS tkhn-¨-Xn-\mÂ

(1cmP 3:6; 9:4;11:14) Zmho-Zn\p ssZhw \nXy-amb Hcp cmPyhpw cmP-hw-ihpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-cp¶p (2kmap 7:13, 16; 23:5; k¦o 89:30) C{km-tb-en\p {]tXyI _m[y-X-I-sfm-¶p-an-ÃmsX

Zm\-ambn \evIn-b-Xm-bn-cp¶p Ch-sb-Ãmw. AXp cmPm-¡-·mÀ X§-fpsS hniz-kvX-cmb tkh-IÀ¡v Ah-cpsS tkh-\-̄ n\p {]Xn-^-e-ambn \evIn-bn-cp¶ k½m-\-§Ä¡p kZr-iy-am-bn-cp-

¶p.

F¶m C{km-tb hn{]-hm-k-¯n-em-b-t¸mÄ Cu cmPyhpw cmP-hw-ihpw A{]-Xy-£-

ambn. F´p-sIm-­mWp ssZhw Zm\-ambn \evInb tZiw \ãam-bXv F¶ tNmZy-¯n\v ssZh-im-kv{X-Ú-·mÀ D¯cw Is­-¯n-bXp ko\mbv ae-bnse DS-¼-Sn-bn-em-Wv. B DS-

¼Snb\p-k-cn¨p ssZhIev]-\-IÄ ]men¨p Pohn-¨p-sIm-Åm-sa¶p P\w ssZh-t¯mSpw hmKvZm\w sNbvXncp¶p. \n§Ä¡p a¡fpw a¡fpsS a¡fpw P\n¡pIbpw \n§Ä AhnsS

hfsc¡mew Xmakn¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ F´ns³dsb¦nepw kmZriy¯n hn{Klap­m¡n \n§sf¯s¶ AipZv[cm¡pIbpw \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d

tIm]w Pzen¡pamdv AhnSps¯ ap³]n Xn³a {]hÀ¯n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ, Rm\n¶v BImis¯bpw `qansbbpw \n§Äs¡Xntc kmIvjnIfm¡n ]dbp¶p: tPmÀZm³ IS¶p

\n§Ä ssIhiam¡m³ t]mIp¶ tZi¯p\n¶p \n§Ä Aäpt]mIpw; AhnsS \n§Ä ZoÀLImew hkn¡pIbnÃ; \n§Ä \in¸n¡s¸Spw. IÀ¯mhp \n§sf

P\XIfpsSbnSbn NnXdn¡pw. \n§fn Npcp¡wt]À am{Xw Ahtijn¡pw” (4:25-þ27);

“F¶mÂ, \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ hnkvacn¡pIbpw aäp tZh³amcpsS ]ndtI

t]mbn Ahsc tkhn¡pIbpw Bcm[n¡pIbpw sNbvXm XoÀ¨bmbpw \n§Ä \in¨p t]mIpsa¶v C¶v Rm³ ap¶dnbn¸pXcp¶p. \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ \n§Ä

A\pkcn¡mXncp¶mÂ, \n§fpsS ap³]nÂ\n¶p IÀ¯mhp \nÀamÀP\w sN¿p¶

P\XIsft¸mse \n§fpw \in¡pw” (8:19-þ20; I-mWpI- 11:8-þ10; 11:13-þ17; 11:22-þ25; 28:63; 29:24-

þ27; 30:17þ18).

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 17

Zmho-Znsâ DS-¼-Sn-bpsS Imcy-¯nepw CXp-Xs¶ kw`-hn-¨p. ]cn-an-Xn-I-fn-ÃmsX Zm\-ambn

\evI-s¸« Zmho-Znsâ DS-¼Sn (2kmap 7:13-þ15) ]n¶oSv ko\mbv DS-¼-Sn-bm ]cn-an-X-am-¡-n

tkmfa\p \evIs¸«p: “\ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d imk\§Ä \ndthäpI. tamibpsS \nba¯n FgpXnbn«pÅXpt]mse AhnSps¯ amÀK¯n Ncn¡pIbpw

AhnSps¯ N«§fpw {]amW§fpw IÂ]\Ifpw kmIvjy§fpw A\pkcn¡pIbpw sN¿pI; \ns³d FÃm {]hr¯nIfpw DZya§fpw hnPbaWnbpw. \ns³d k´m\§Ä

t\Àhgn¡p \S¡pIbpw ]qÀWlrZbt¯mSpw ]qÀWa\xtÊmSpwIqsS Fs³d ap³]n hnizkvXcmbn hÀ¯n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ, \ns³d k´Xn C{kmtbens³d

knwlmk\¯nÂ\n¶v Aäpt]mhpIpIbnà F¶v IÀ¯mhv Ft¶mSv Acpfns¨bvX

hmKvZm\w \ndthtä­Xn\p \o AhnSps¯ A\pkcn¡pI” (1cmP 2:3-þ4); “C{kmtbens³d

ssZhamb IÀ¯mth, ]qÀWlrZbt¯msS A§bpsS k¶n[nbn hym]cn¡p¶ Zmk³amtcmSpÅ DS¼Sn ]men¡pIbpw A\´kvt\lw AhcpsSta sNmcnbpIbpw

sN¿p¶ A§sbt¸mse BImi¯nepw `qanbnepw thsdmcp ssZhanÃ. Fs³d ]nXmhpw A§bpsS Zmk\p amb ZmhoZnt\mSp sNbvX hmKvZm\w A§p \ndthänbncn¡p¶p.

A[cwsIm­p sNbvX hmKvZm\w C¶p IcwsIm­v ]qÀ¯oIcn¨p. C{kmtbens³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mth, Fs³d ]nXmhpw A§bpsS Zmk\pamb ZmhoZnt\mSv, \o Fs³d

ap³]n hym]cn¨Xpt]mse \ns³d a¡fpw sNbvXm C{kmtbens³d knwlmk\¯nencn¡m³ \n\¡v HchImin Fs³d ap³]n D­mImsX hcnà F¶v

A§p sNbvX hmKvZm\w ]men¨mepw” (8:23þ25).

ssZh-hp-am-bpÅ DS-¼-Sn- ew-Ln-¨-Xnsâ ^e-am-bmWp P\-¯n\p tZiw \ã-am-b-Xv.

kXyssZhs¯ Dt]-£n¨v hn{K-lm-cm-[\ \S-¯n-b-XmWv Ch-bn Gähpw henb ]m]-sa¶pw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ hyà-am-¡n: ""h©n¡s¸«p hgnsXän A\ytZh³amsc

tkhn¡pIbpw AhcpsS ap³]n {]Wan¡pIbpw sN¿mXncn¡m³ kq£n¨p sImÅphn³. AsænÂ, IÀ¯mhns³d tIm]w \n§Äs¡Xncmbn Pzen¡pw. agbp­mImXncn¡m³

AhnSp¶v BImiw AS¨p Ifbpw; `qan hnfhp \ÂIpIbnÃ; A§s\ IÀ¯mhp \ÂIp¶ hninjvS tZi¯p\n¶p \n§Ä hfscthKw Aäpt]mIpw.'' (11:16þ17, ImWpI 4:25þ28 29:23-þ27,

30:17-þ18).

]©-{K-Ù¯nsâ hnh-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨p \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nbaw \evI-s -̧Sp-¶Xp P\w hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i¯p {]th-in-¡p-¶-Xn\p ap¼mWv; AXm-bXp hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i-̄ nsâ AXnÀ¯n-

bnÂh¨p tami -\-S-¯nb {]kw-K-̄ n-eq-sS (1:1þ3). F¶m Cu \nb-a-§Ä {]mhÀ¯n-I-am-t¡-­Xv tZi-¯p- {]-th-in-¨-Xn-\p- ti-j-amWv (12:1). AXm-bXv, C{km-tben-\p tZi-an-Ãm¯

AhØbnemWp \nbaw \evI-s¸-«-sX-¶À°w. A§-s\-sb-¦n _m_n-tem¬ hn{]-hmk Ime¯v tZi-¯p-\n-¶-I¶p Ign-bp¶ P\hpw Cu ssZhnI \nbaw ]men-¡m³ IS-s¸-«-h-cm-

Wv. tZiw Ic-Ø-am-¡p-¶Xpw AhnsS Pohn-¡m³ Ign-bp-¶Xpw \nb-a-t¯m-SpÅ P\-̄ nsâ at\m-`m-hs¯ B{i-bn-¨m-Wn-cn-¡p-¶Xv (4:26; 11:17; 28:63; 30:19).

P\-̄ n\p tZiw \jvS-ambn F¶Xp ssZh-P-\-N-cn-{X-¯nsâ Ah-km\ L«-ambn \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-Im-c³ Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã. hn{]-hm-k-Im-e-¯v- A-hÀ ssZh-¯n-te-bv¡p -Xn-cn-

bp-I-bpw A\p-X-]n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm ssZhw ]nXm-¡-·m-tcmSp sNbvX DS-¼Sn A\p-kva-cn-

¡pIbpw Ahsc tZi-t¯bv¡p Xncn-sI-s¡m-­p-h-cn-Ibpw sN¿pw: “\n§Ä ...

F´ns³dsb¦nepw kmZriy¯n hn{Klap-­m¡n \n§sf¯s¶ AipZv[cm¡pIbpw \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns³d tIm]w Pzen¡pamdv AhnSps¯ ap³]n Xn³a

{]hÀ¯n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ, AhnsS \n§Ä ZoÀLImew hkn¡pIbnÃ; \n§Ä \in¸n¡s¸Spw. IÀ¯mhp \n§sf P\XIfpsSbnSbn NnXdn¡pw. \n§fn Npcp¡wt]À

am{Xw Ahtijn¡pw. AhnsS a\pjy\nÀanXamb ssZh§sf þ ImWpItbm tIÄ¡pItbm `Ivjn¡pItbm {LmWn¡pItbm sN¿m¯ IÃns\bpw XSnsbbpw þ \n§Ä

tkhn¡pw. F¶mÂ, AhnsSh¨p \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\ ]qÀ® lrZbt¯mSpw ]qÀ®mXvamthmSpwIqsS At\zjn¨m \n§Ä AhnSps¯ Is-­¯pw. \n§Ä¡p t¢iap-

­mhpIbpw Ahkm\ \mfpIfn Chsbms¡bpw \n§Ä¡p kw`hn¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ \n§Ä \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhn¦te¡p XncnbpIbpw AhnSps¯ kzcw

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 18

{ihn¡pIbpw sN¿pw. \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp IcpWbpÅ ssZhamWv. AhnSp¶p

\n§sf ssIhnSpItbm \in¸n¡pItbm \n§fpsS ]nXm¡³amtcmSp i]Yw sNbvXn«pÅ

DS¼Sn hnkvacn¡pItbm CÔ (\nb 4:25þ31; 30:1-þ10).

tPmkn-bm -cm-Pm-hnsâ aX-\-ho-I-c-W-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸«v AwKo-Ir-X-amb {KÙ-amWp \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-sa¶p (12þ26) \mw I­p. _n.-kn. 722 se ka-cn-bm-bpsS ]X-\-¯n-\p-tijw hS-

¡³ cPy-¯p-­m-bn-cp¶ hnizm-knIfmb-hsc sX¡³ cmPy-¯nse Pdp-k-se-an-te-bv¡p -sIm-­p-h-cm-\pÅ Hcp {iaw tPmknb cmPm-hpw slk¡n-bm cmPm-hpw- \-S-̄ n-bn-cp¶p (2Zn\ 30;

35:1þ9). _n. kn. 8þmw \qäm-­nsâ Ah-km-\-t¯msS Pdp-k-se-an-sebpw bqZm-bn-sebpw Xma-k-¡m-cpsS F®-¯n henb hÀ²-\-hp-­mbn F¶m-Wp- `q-KÀ`Kth-j-W-§Ä sXfn-bn-¡p-

¶-Xv. X§-fpsS ssZh-¯nsâ Be-b-ap-ÅXpw X§-fpsS ktlm-Z-c-§Ä hkn-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Øe-t¯-bv¡p- h-cm³ hS-¡pÅ hnizm-kn-IÄ XmXv]-cy-s¸«p ImWpsa-¶Xp kzm`m-hn-Iw.

sjs¡-anepw ka-cn-bm-bn-ep-ap-Å-hÀ Pdq-k-se-an-tebv¡p XoÀ°-bm{X \S-¯n-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶p Psd-an-bmbpw ]dbp¶p­v (Psd 41:5).

C¡m-e-L-«-¯n bqZmbpw C{km-tbepw X½n-epÅ Ie-l-§Ä Ah-km-\n-¡p-Ibpw AhÀ Hcp P\-X-bm-sW¶ Bibw P\-§-fn hfÀ¶p -h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXn-«p-­m-I-Ww. X¶n-an¯w

ssZhP\sa¶ cm{ão-b-þ-Pm-Xob Nn´ Ah-cn iàn-s¸-«n-cp¶p F¶p Icp-Xmw. XÂ^-e-ambn C{km-tb¡mc-Ãm¯ FÃm Im\m-\y-scbpw D·q-e\w sN¿-W-sa¶ Bibw DbÀ¶p-

h¶p (\nb 7:1þ2; 20:16þ17).

GI ssZh-¯n hniz-kn-¡m-¯Xpw cmPy-¯n-\-I-¯p-ff-Xp-amb, bp²w sN¿p-¶tXm

AÃm-¯tXm Bb, FÃm A\y-Pm-Xn-¡m-scbpw \nÀ½mÀÖ\w sN¿p-I-sb-¶Xp hfsc A{]m-tbm-Kn-I-amb Hcm-i-b-am-bn-cp¶p. hmkvX-h-̄ n C{km-tb¡mÀ Im\m-\n {]th-in-

¨-t¸mÄ Im\m³Imsc ]qÀ®-ambn D·q-e\w sN¿m³ AhÀ¡p- I-gn-ªn-cp-¶nà F¶-XmWp kXyw. tkmf-a³ A§-s\-bp-Å-hsc ASn-a-th-ebv¡p \ntbm-Kn-¨n-cp¶p (1cmP 9:21). Gen-b-þ-

G-eoj {]hmNI·m-cpsS ImewapX tPmkn-bm-bpsS Imewhsc C{km-tb-en\p Im\m³ ImcnÂ\n¶v henb i{Xp-X -t\-cn-tS-­n-h¶Xnsâ ^e-ambn cq]s¸« XXz-im-kv{X-amWv

""Im\m³Imsc apgp-h\pw D·q-e\w sN¿pI''F¶Xv (tl-scw). Ahsc D·q-e\w sNt¿-­-Xn\p ssZh-im-kv{X-]-c-amb Imc-Whpw (GIssZh-hniz-kw) {KÙ-Im-c³ \evIn: ""AhÀ

X§fpsS tZh³amcpsS ap³]n sN¿p¶ t¾NvOXIÄ \n§sf ]Tn¸n¡mXncn¡m\pw A§s\ \n§fpsS ssZhamb IÀ¯mhns\Xncmbn \n§Ä ]m]w sN¿mXncn¡m\pw BWv

C{]Imcw \nÀtZin¨n«pÅXv'' (\nb 20:18).

hmkvX-h-¯n A\y-Pm-Xn-¡msc ]qÀW-ambn D·q-e\w sN¿pI F¶ XXz-imkv{Xw

C{km-tb-enepw a²y-]qÀÆ-tZiw apgp-h\pw temI-̄ pÅ aäp Øe-§-fn-epw \ne-\n-¶n-cp-¶p. sPdo-t¡m- ]n-Sn-s -̈Sp-¡p-¶-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸«pw (tPmjz 6:17) Aa-te-Iy-cp-am-bpÅ

bp²¯nsâ Ah-k-c-¯nepw (1kmap 15) C{km-tb CXp- {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-¡p-¶-Xp- Im-Wmw.- A\ytZh-·msc Bcm-[n¨ C{km-tb-enseXs¶ ]«-W-§Ä¡p-ta AhÀ CXp \S-¯n-bn-

cp¶p (\nb 13:16). Kns_-bm-bnse ]m]-¯nsâ ^e-ambn s_©-an³ tKm{X-¯n-s\-Xn--tcbpw CXv AhÀ {]tbm-Kn¨p (\ymb 20:40, 48). Im\m-\nse Ggp P\-]-Y-§-fpsSta \nb-am-

hÀ¯\w Cu D·q-e\ \nbaw XmXznIambn am{Xw {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-¡n--b-Xm-bm-Wp -tXm-¶p-¶-Xv.

hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i-¯nsâ `qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb AXnÀ¯n \nÀ®-bn-¡p¶ Imcy-¯nepw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ kz´-amb \nem-]Sp kzoI-cn-¡p-¶p-­v. DÂ]-þ-kw-Jy- A-\p-k-cn¨v

tbmÀ±m-\-¡-sc-bpÅ tZiw hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i-¯nsâ `mK-a-à (-kwJy 32:1þ14). tPmjz-bpsS hnh-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v (22:19) AXv Aip-²amb -Ø-e-am-Wv. C{km-tb hmKvZ-¯-tZiw Iog-S-¡m-\m-cw-

`n-¨Xp tbmÀ±m³ IS-¡p-¶-tXm-sS-bm-sW¶p tPmjz (2þ9) ]-d-bp¶p. tbmÀ±m³ IS-¶Xpw KnÂKm-en IÃp-IÄ Øm]n-¨Xpw hmKvZ-¯ -tZ-i¯p {]th-in-¨-Xn-s\-bmWp- kqNn-¸n-¨-Xv.

Ah-cpsS acp-`q-an bm{X Ah-km-\n-¨p- F¶nXv AÀ°-am-¡n-. A¶p a¶m \ne-bv¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp (tPm-jz 30:1þ10; 5:12; -Im--WpI ]pd 36:15).

F¶m Cu ]gb Nn´m-KXn \nb-am-hÀ¯-\ -{K-Ù-Im-c³ kzoI-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. At±-l-¯nsâ Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨v (\nb 1þ3) C{km-tb AÀt\m¬ Acphn IS-¶-t¸mÄ tZiw ssI¿-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 19

S-¡m-\m-cw-̀ n¨p (2:24). CXp samhm-_n\pw antjm-dn-\pw- C-Sbn-em-sW¶p am{X-aà cmPm-hmb

kotlmsâ Øe-hp-am-Wv. AX-\p-k-cn¨v hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i¯p {]mhÀ¯n-I-am-¡m³ ssZhw Iev]n¨ D·q-e-\-¯nsâ \nbaw (tlscw), AhnsS h¨p-Xs¶ C{km-tb {]mtbm-

KnIam¡n¯pS§n (2:34, 3:6). Im\m-\n-epÅ P\-§-fp-sS-ta D·q-e-\- XXzw {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-¡m-\mWp ssZhw Bh-iy-s¸-«n-cp-¶Xv (\nb 20:16þ17). AXp-sIm­p \nb-am-hÀ¯\ hnh-c-W-

a-\p-k-cn¨v tbmÀ±m-\-¡-sc-bpÅ tZihpw Im\m³tZiwt]mse tKm{X-§Ä¡mbn hoXn¨p \evI-s -̧Spw. ]g-b- hn-h-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨v (kwJy 32) tami B tZiw dq_³, KmZv, a\msÊ

tKm{X-§Ä¡p- \-evIn-bXv AhÀ XpSÀ¶pÅ bp²-¯n\p klm-bn¡pw F¶ DS-¼-Sn-bpsS ASn-Øm-\-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. F¶m C{]-Im-c-apÅ Hcp DS-¼-Sn-sb-¡p-dn¨p \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³

kwkm-cn-¡p-¶n-Ã. Zmho-Znsâ cmPy-¯nsâ AXnÀ¯n-IÄ (D 15:18) hmKvZ-¯--tZ-i-¯nsâ ssZh-Øm-]n-X-amb AXnÀ¯n-I-fmbn \nb-am-hÀ¯-\- {K-Ù-Im-c³ AwKo-I-cn-¨p- F-¶p-]-

dbmw (\nb 1:7, 11:24). AXp-sIm­p tbmÀZm-\-¡-sc-bpÅ tZi-hpw At±-ls¯ kw_-Ôn-¨n-S-t¯mfw hmKvZ-¯-tZiw Xs¶-bmWv (\nb 34:1). B tZ-ihpw Im\m³t]mseXs¶ C{km-tb-

en-\pÅ ssZh-Zm-\-am-Wv.

C{km-tb cmPyw temI-¯nse asäÃm cmPy-§-sf-¡mfpw D¶-X-am-sW-¶-XmWp \nb-am-

hÀ¯\ Nn´ (29:18). AXv Hcn-¡epw A\y-cm-Py-§-fpsS ]n¶n-em-Im³ ]mSnà (28:13). C{km-tb P\-s¯-¡p-dn¨p tIÄ¡p-¶-hÀ ""...AhÀ Cu IÂ]\Isf¸än tIÄ¡pt¼mÄ

al¯mb Cu P\X PvRm\hpw hnthIhpapÅhÀXs¶ F¶p]dbpw.'' (4:6). AhÀ At\I cmPy-§sf `cn-t¡-­-h-cmWv; F¶m AhÀ Bcmepw `cn-¡-s¸-S-cpXv (15:6). AXv

D¶-X-hpw \nÀ`-bhp-amb cmPy-am-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Cu Bibw ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-bmWp- ]g-b- ]m-c-¼-cy-§-sf {KÙ-Im-c³ amän-a-dn-¡p-¶-Xv.

ko\m-bnÂ\n¶p -h¶ C{km-tb GtZm-an-eqsS IS-¶p-t]m-Im³ A\p-hmZw tNmZn-¡p-¶Xv kwJy-bpsS {KÙ-¯n¡m-Wmw. F¶m GtZmw AXn-\-\p-h-Zn-¨n-sÃ-¶p- am-{X-aà AhÀs¡-

Xn-tc bp²w sN¿m³ ]pd-s¸-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp (kwJy 20:14-þ21). F¶m \nb-am-hÀ¯\ hnh-c-W-¯n CXn\p hn]-co-X-amb Imcy-§-fmWp kw`-hn-¡pI: C{km-tb tZi-¯n-epsS IS-

¶p-t]m-Im³ GtZmw A\p-h-Zn-s¨-¶p -am-{X-aà AhÀ Ahn-sS-\n¶p `£W km[-\-§Ä hm§p-Ibpw sNbvXp (2:6, 29). ImcWw GtZmw D¶-X-amb C{km-tb-ens\ `b-s¸-«p. B `bw

apX-em¡n Ahn-sS-\n¶v H¶pw AXn-{I-an¨p kz´-am-¡-cp-sX¶p tami C{km-tb-ens\ D]-tZ-in-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp (2:4þ5).

cm{ão-b-amb Cu Hu¶-Xy-Nn´ \ymbm-[n-]-·msc \nb-an-¡p-¶-Xnepw Zriy-amWv. ]pd-¸mSp hnh-c-W-a-\p-k-cn¨p- (]pd 18) tami \ymbm-[n-]-·msc \ntbm-Kn-¨Xp- Xsâ A½m-bn-b-¸\pw

anZn-bm³Imc-\p-amb sPt{Xm-bpsS D]-tZ-i-{]-Im-c-am-Wv. F¶m \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-a-\p-k-cn v̈ (1:9-þ17) CXv tami-bpsSXs¶ Hcp Xocp-am-\hpw {]hr-¯n-bp-am-bn-cp-¶p. sPt{Xm-sb-¡p-dn¨p

bmsXm¶pw At±lw ]d-bp-¶p-an-Ã. \nb-am-hÀ¯\w Fgp-X-s¸« C{kmtb-ensâ al-Xz-¯nsâ Im-e¯v (cm-P-̀ -c-W-Im-e-¯v) A¶p \ne-hn-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ \oXn-\ymb hyhØ Hcp

hntZin \nÀt±-in-¨-Xm-sW¶p ]d-bpI A`nam-\-I-c-w AÃm-bn-cp-¶n-cn-¡mw.

GIssZh¯n\v Hccm[\Øew aXnsb¶ \nbamhÀ¯\X¯zw \mw I­p. IÀ¯mhv GIs\¦n FÃm Øe-§-fnepw ssZh-amb IÀ¯m-hns\ Bcm[n-¡m³ A\p-hm-Z-an-Ã.

\ymbm-[n-]-·m-cpsS Ime-tijw C{km-tb-en cmP-`-c-W-am-cw-`n-¨p-I-gn-ªv C{km-tb-ensâ alm-cm-Pm-hmb Zmho-ZmWv P_q-ky-cpsS ssI¿nÂ\n¶v P_qkv F¶-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp¶

Pdpksew ssIh-i-s¸-Sp-¯n-, AXv Xsâ aX-þ-cm-jv{Sob Xe-Øm-\-am¡n amän-b-Xv (2k-m--ap 5:6-þ10). Zmho-Znsâ `c-W-Im-e-¯n\v GXm­v 400 hÀj-§Ä¡p-tijw At±-l-¯nsâ ]c-¼-c-

bn h¶ptNÀ¶ tPmknb cmPm-hmWv A¶p-hsc tZi¯p­mbn-cp-¶ FÃmw Bcm-[-\m-e-b-§fpw \in-¸n-¡p-Ibpw IÀ¯m-hns\ Bcm-[n-t¡-­Xp Pdp-k-se-an am{X-am-sW¶ ssZh-

imkv{XNn´ \S-¸m-¡p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xv (2cmPm 22-þ23). tPmknb cmPmhp \S-¸m-¡nb Cu \nb-a-§-fmWv \nb 12-þ26 A[ym-b-§-fn ImWp-¶-Xv F¶p \mw I­p. AXnsâ AXn-{]-[m-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 20

\-`m-K-amWv Pdp-k-se-an\p ]pd-¯pÅ Bcm-[m-emb§Ä \in-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Iev]-\-IÄ \evI-

s¸-Sp¶ 12þmw A[ym-bw.

Ncn-{X-¯n-ep-S-\ofw C{km-tb tZi¯p apgp-h³ Bcm-[-\m-Ø-e-§tfmsSm¯v hn{K-lm-cm-

[-\-bp-­mbncp¶p. Ah \in-¸n-¡m³ P\w X¿m-dm-bn-Ã. At¸m-gmWv aXt\Xm-¡mÄ GI-ssZ-h-¯nsâ Bcm-[-\-¡mbn Hcp Øe¯v Hcp-an¨p IqSm³ P\-§-tfmSp Iev]n-¨-Xv. Cu

{]hr¯n Ncn-{X-]-cn-ambn Bcm-[-\m-coXnbn sFIy-ap-­m-Ip-Ibpw Hcp cmPy-sa-¶-\n-e-bn Ahsc sFIy-s¸-Sp-¯p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-ambn F¶m kam-\-ambn

C¶p \mw Hcp Øe-¯Ã adn¨v {InkvXp-sh¶ Hcp hyàn¡p Npäp-amWv Hcp-an¨ptNÀ¶v Bcm-[-\ \S¯p¶Xv. A§s\ GIssZh¯n\v Hcp Bcm[\m-Øew aXnsb¶ XXzs¯

\mw adn IS-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p (tbml 4:21-þ24). F¶m {InkvXp-hn\pw {InkvXp-hnsâ Nn´-IÄ¡p Npäp-a-ÃmsX aäv XXz-§Ä¡p Npäpw {InkvXphnsâ t]cn Bcm-[-\bv¡v Hcp-an¨ptNcp-¶Xv

C¶s¯ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bm-Wv. ssZhs¯ Bcm-[n-¡p¶ Imcy-¯n ssZh-P-\\w Hcn-¡epw P\-X-Isf A\p-I-cn-¡-cpXv (12:29þ32). AXp hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-X-s¶-bm-Wv. kmwkvIm-cn-Im-\p-cq-]-

W-§Ä \ÃXpw Bh-iy-I-hp-am-bn-cn-¡mw. F¶m AXv ssZh-P-\-¯nsâ hyXn-cn-àX \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h-bm-I-cp-Xv.

tZi¯p {]th-in¨p Ign-bp-t¼mÄ Ahn-sS-bpÅ hn{K-l-§fpw Pdp-k-se-sam-gn-sI-bpÅ

Bcm-[-\m-Ø-e-§fpw \in-¸n¨p If-b-W-sa¶p 12þmw A[ym-b-̄ n Iev]n¨Xn\p-tijw Gähpw henb ]m]-amb hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bn-te¡v C{km-tb-ens\ \bn-¡p-¶ {]hm-N-I-scbpw

t\Xm-¡-sfbpw \njvI-cpWw \in-¸n-¨p-sIm­v ssZhhpw Ahn-Ss¯ P\hpw X½n-epÅ _Ôs¯ Im¯p-kq-£n-¡m³ 13-þmw A[ym-b-¯n hN\w Iev]n-¡p-¶p (1þ11). hn{K-lm-cm-[-

IÀ henb AÛp-X-§ÄXs¶ {]hÀ¯n-¨mepw Ahsc A\p-K-an-¡p-¶-Xn-\pÅ A\p-hmZw P\-̄ n\p \evI-s¸-«n-«n-Ã.

ssZh-P\w IÀ¯m-hn-s\-am{Xw `b-s¸-Sp-Ibpw Ahn-Ss¯ Iev]-\-IÄam{Xw ]men-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww (13:4). hn{K-§Ät]m-se-Xs¶ kaq-l-̄ nÂ\n¶p \in-¸n-¡-s¸-tS-­-h-cmWp hn{K-

lm-cm-[-Icpw. hn{K-l-§fpw hn{K-lm-cm-[\m Øe-§fpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-Icpw Ah-cpsS k¼¯pw ssZh-P-\-¯n\p \nIr-jvS-am-Wv.

ssZh-P\w X§Ä CS-]-gIn Pohn-¡p¶ A\y-P-\-X-I-fnÂ\n¶p hyXy-kvX-cmbn Pohn-¡-

Ww. P\XIfpsS BNm-c-§Ä AhÀ A\p-I-cn-¡-cp-Xv. X§Ä hyXy-kvX-cm-sW¶ Ah-t_m[w P\n-¸n-¡m\pw Ah-cpsS \ne-\n-ev]n-\p-am-bmWv AhÀ¡p {]tXyI `£Ww{Iaw

\evI-s -̧«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

tehy 11epw XpSÀ¶v \nb 12epw ssZh-P-\-¯n\v `£n-¡m³ A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw AÃm-¯-Xp-

amb Poh-Pm-e-§sf¡pdn¨v ]d-bp-¶p-s­-¦nepw tehy 11se ]c-¼-cm-KX \nba-§sf Ime-§Ä¡p-tijw \ho-I-cn¨ \ne-b-emWv \nb 14þ ImWp-¶-Xv. C{km-tb-ensâ AbÂ\m-Sp-I-

fnepw bqtdm-¸nepw ]IÀ¨-hym-[n-IÄ tZihmkn-I-sfbpw P\-X-I-sfbpw \nÀamÀP\w sNbvX-t¸mÄ XIÀ¶p-t]m-Im-sXbpw hym[n-I-fnÂs¸Sm-sXbpw ssZh-P-\s¯ \ne-\nÀ¯n-bXv AhÀ

`£n-t¡­Xpw AÃm¯Xpamb hkvXp-h-I-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ \nb-a-̄ nsâ hyà-amb Cu ImgvN-¸m-Sm-Wv. AX-h-cpsS c£-bv¡mbn ssZhw \evInbhbm-bn-cp-¶p. DZm-l-c-W-ambn

]gbIme-§-fn \¶mbn thhn-¡msX ]¶n- amwkw `£n-¡p-¶-hÀ tcmKn-I-fm-bn-¯o-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p. AXn-\m ]¶n-amwkw `£n-¡p-¶-Xp-Xs¶ \nbaw \ntcm-[n-¨p.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 21

Zimw-is¯¡pdn¨p kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mgpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ \ne-hn-epÅ ]c¼cmKX (DÂ]-þ-

kwJy) \nb-a-¯n am\p-jn-I-amb \ho-I-cWw hcp-¯p-¶p-­v. DÂ]-þ-kwJy \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn¨pw F{kmþs\l-an-bm-bpsS tZhm-eb \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn¨pw (s\l 10:37; 12:44; 13:12) Zimwiw

AXn¯s¶ hnip-²hpw ssZh-¯n\p kaÀ¸n-X-hp-amWv (tehy 27:30þ33). AXp ]qÀ®-ambpw tehyÀ¡v Ah-Im-i-s¸-«-Xm-Wv (kwJy 18:21þ32). F¶m \nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nb-a-a-\p-k-

cn¨v Zimwiw AÀ -̧I-\p-Xs¶ Ah-Im-i-s¸-«-XmWv (14:22-þ27). tZhm-e-b-¯nÂt]mbn BtLm-j-§Ä \S-¯m-\mWv AXv- D]-tbm-Kn-t¡-­-Xv. AXp hnäp-In-«p-¶ ]-W-hp-ambn tZhm-e-b-̄ n-

te-bv¡p -t]m-Im\pw AbmÄ¡v A\p-hm-Z-ap-­v.

\ne-hn-en-cp¶ \nbaa\pkcn¨v, Zimwiw hnäp ]W-am¡n amäp-¶-bmÄ AXp hos­-Sp-¡p-¶-

Xn-\mbn AXnsâ A©n Hcp-̀ mKwIqSn- Iq-«n-t¨À¡-Ww -F¶p­m-bn-cp¶p (tehy 27:31). \nb-am-hÀ¯-Isâ ZrjvSn-bn Zimwiw AXn¯s¶ hnip-²-a-Ã. AXns\ hnip-²o-I-cn-¡p-

¶Xp- ssZ-h-am-Wv. {]Ir-Xn-Z-¯-amb Hcp hnip-² -kz-`mhw AXn-\nà (tehy 27:30þ33 ImWp-I). a\p-jyÀ AXns\ hnip-²o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p. hnip-²n-sb-¶Xp P·-

\m- e-`n-¡p¶ H¶Ã adn¨p ssZhn-I-amb e£y-§Ä A\p-k-cn-¨p -{]-hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm­p a\p-jy³ t\Sn-sb-Sp-t¡-­-Xm-Wv.

Xncp-Ê-`-bpsS Nn´m-co-Xnbpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I-t\mSp tNÀ¶p t]mIp-¶-Xm-bmWp aX-t_m-[-\-{KÙw ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv. Xncp-Ê-`-bpsS IÂ]-\-I-fn A©m-a-t¯Xp k`-bpsS Bh-iy-§-

fn klm-bn-¡pIbpw (2043) ]mh-s -̧«-hÀ¡mbn Hcp-hsâ k¼¯p ]¦p-h-bv¡pIbpw sN¿pI F¶-X-ÃmsX Zimw-i-s -̄¡p-dn¨p k` H¶pw ]Tn-̧ n-¡p-¶n-Ã.

Zimwiwt]mseXs¶ BZy-Pm-Xscbpw \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ Ic--§-fn \ns¶-Sp¯v DS-a-Ø\p XncnsI \evIp-¶p-­v. DÂ]þkwJy A\p-k-cn¨v BZy-Pm-XÀ ""IÀ¯m-hn\p

hnip-²-amWv'' (]pd 22:29; 34:19; kwJy 18:15þ17). AXp ssZh-¯n\p kaÀ¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-Itbm (]pd 22:29) ssZh-¯nsâ ip{iq-j-IÀ¡p \evI-s -̧Sp-I-tbm (-kwJy 18:17þ18) thWw. F¶mÂ

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn¨v CXv DS-a-Øsâ Ah-Im-i-am-Wv. Ah³ AXp- tZhm-e-b-¯nÂh¨p `£n-¡-W-sa-¶p-am-{Xw. {KÙ-Im-c³ kXy-hn-izm-ks¯ AÔ-hn-izm-k-§-

fnÂ\n¶p apà-am-¡m³ {ian-¨p-sh-¶-Xn-\v DZm-l-cWw Cu \nb-a-am-Wv.

ap¼p-­m-bn-cp¶ \nb-a-§-fn- ip²-ar-K-§-fpsS BZy-Pm-X-sc-¡p-dn¨v ]d-bp-¶n-S-s¯Ãmw

Aip-²-ar-K-§-fpsS BZy-Pm-X-sc-¡p-dn¨pw ]d-bm-dp-­m-bn-cp-¶p (-]pd 13:2, 12, 15-; 22:28þ29; 34:19þ20; tehy 27: 26þ27; kwJy 18:15-þ18). F¶m a\p-jy-cp-sSbpw Aip-²-ar-K-§-fp-sSbpw

BZy-Pm-X-sc-¡p-dn¨v \nb-am-hÀ¯\w H¶pw Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. ImcWw Cu \nb-a-§ÄsIm­p- am\p-jyXz]c-amb bmsXmcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-anà (\nb 15:19þ23)

km[p-P-t\m-Ôm-c-W-¯n-\mbn At\I ]²-XnIÄ \S-¸n-em-¡m³ B[p-\nI kaql§Ä

]cn-{i-an-¡m-dp-­v. F¶m Ah ]et¸mgpw henb hnP-b-§Ä ssIh-cn-¡m-dn-Ã. Xsâ P\-¯n-\p-th-­n-bpÅ ssZh-¯nsâ hnP-b-I-c-amb Zmcn{Z \nÀamÀP-\-]-²-Xn-bmWv \nb 15-þmw

A[ym-b-¯n ImWp-¶-Xv. \ne-¯nsâ ^e-]p-jvSn-¡mbn GgmwhÀjw \new shdpsXbnS-W-sa-¶-Xp-t]mse Ggmw hÀjw ASn-a-IÄ kzX-{´-cm-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw ISw hm§m³ CuSph¨

Øe-§fpw hkvXphI-Ifpw kzX-{´-am-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw thWw. Øe-¯nsâ Ah-Imin ssZh-am-sW¶pw a\p-jyÀ IpSn-bm-·m-cm-sW¶papÅ ASn-Øm\ Nn´-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-amWv Cu \nb-

aw. A§s\ Zcn-{Z-cm-bn-¯oÀ¶-hÀ¡v kzX-{´-ambn Pohn-¡m³ asäm-c-h-kcw IqSn e`y-amIpw. Xpey Ah-Im-i-§fpw Xpeykm[y-X-Ifpw FÃm-hÀ¡pw Dd-¸p-h-cp-¯m-\pÅ \nb-a-ambncp¶p

km_-¯p-hÀj-\n-b-aw. ITn-\-amb Zmcn-{Z-¯n\pw Af-hn-ÃmsX k¼-¯mÀPn-¡p-¶Xv A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-sa-Xn-tc-bpÅ ssZhnI \nb-a-am-bn-cp¶p CXv. P\m-[n-]-Xy-̄ nt\m, apX-em-fn¯

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 22

hyh-Øt¡m, tkmjy-en-k-¯nt\m Ign-bm¯ DÂIr-jvT-amb ZmcnZy\nÀamÀP\ \nb-a-am-W-

Xv. D]m-[n-I-fn-Ãm-sXbpw bpàn-hn-Nmcw sN¿m-sXbpw ssZhP\w AXp ]men-t¡-­n-bn-cp-¶p.

B[p-\nI tkmjy-en-k-hp-ambn Cu Nn´¡v kam-\-X-I-fp-s­-¦nepw a\p-jy-lr-Z-b-¯nsâ

cq]m-´-co-I-c-W-an-Ãm¯ tkmjy-enkw `bm-\-I-amb GIm-[n-]-Xy-¯n-te-¡mWp \bn-¡p-¶-sX¶ Ncn{Xw sXfn-bn¨p Ign-ªp. Xt¶m-SpÅ A\p-k-c-a-¯nsâ ^e-ambn P\-̄ n-\n-S-

bnÂ\n¶p Zmcn-{Zw \o¡s¸S-W-sa¶v ssZhw B{K-ln-¨p. CXp ssZh-P-\¯n Hmtcm hyàn-bp-sSbpw kzmX{´yw Dd-̧ p-h-cp-¯n. AXp-t]mseXs¶ ssZh-P-\-¯n \n¶p ]eni CuSm-

¡p-¶Xv P\-¯n\p \njn-²-am-Wv. A\yP\-X-bn \n¶m-Is« AhÀ¡Xp hm§p-Ibpw sN¿mw.

C{km-tb-ensâ aX Pohn-X-¯nse Gähpw {][m-\-s¸-«Xpw ]c-kv]c_Ôn-X-hp-amb aq¶p

Xncp-\m-fp-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨mWv Cu A[ymbw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. Cu Xncp-\m-fp-I-fpsS Ah-k-c-¯n P\w ssZhs¯ kµÀin-t¡-­n-bn-cp¶p (16:16). ssZh-P-\s¯ kaq-l-ambn ]Sp-¯p-bÀ¯m-

\pÅ Ah-k-c-§-fm-bn-cp¶p Xncp-\m-fp-IÄ.

]ucm-Wn-I-amb \nb-a-§-fpsS AÔ-amb A\p-k-c-W-¯nÂ\n¶p- amdn am\p-jn-I-amb \nbaw ]Tn-¸n-¡p¶ \nb-am-hÀ¯\ -{K-Ù-Im-csâ Nn´-IÄ Gä-hp-a-[nIw hyà-am-Ip-¶Xv At±lw

s]klm _en-sb-¡p-dn¨p- kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mgm-Wv. DÂ]-þ-kwJy hnhcWa\p-k-cn¨v s]klm Hcp IpSpw_ BtLm-j-am-Wv. AXn\v AÔ-hn-izmk kam-\-amb Hcp ZÀi-\-am-Wp-Å-Xv. arK-

¯nsâ càw I«n-f-¸-Sn-bn Xfn-¨m ssZh-tIm]w `h-\-¯n \n¶-I-¶p- t]m-Ip-sa¶ Nn´-bm-WnXv (]pd 12:7, 22). s]klm BN-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ arKs¯ AXnsâ Xebpw Imep-Ifpw

B´-cm-h-b-h-§-fp-a-S¡w Nps«-Sp-¡Ww (]pd 12:11). F¶m C{]-Im-c-apÅ am{´nI Bi-b-§-sfm¶pw \nb-am-hÀ¯-\-¯n-en-Ã. At±lw Cu IpSpw_ BtLmjw `h-\-§-fn \n¶p-

amän tZhm-e-b-̄ nse aäp _en-I-sf-t¸msebm-¡n-¯oÀ¯p. A§s\ At±lw AXns\ Hcp -km-aq-lnI BtLm-j-am-¡n- amän.

acp-`q-an- bm-{X-bpsS Imes¯ ]gb kaq-l-¯n-ep-­m-bn-cp¶ Hcm-tLm-j-s¯ -am-dnb Øe-þkml-N-cy-§Ä¡-\p-k-cn¨p cq]m-´-c-s¸-Sp-¯n-s¡m­v \nb-am-hÀ¯-I³ Xsâ hyXy-kvX-

amb ssZh-imkv{X ZÀi\w Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨p. ]gb \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn¨p- tImem-Sp-I-fn \nt¶m sN½-cn-bm-Sp-I-fnÂ\nt¶m am{X-amWp- s]klm BN-c-W-¯n\p arK§sf Xn-c-sª-Sp-t¡-­n-

bn-cp-¶-Xv. am{X-aà Ah-sb- Xo-bn Np«mWp `£n-t¡-­n-bn-cp-¶Xv (]pd 12:1þ10). F¶m s]k-lm- _-en-¡pÅ arK-§sf BSp-am-Sp-I-fnÂ\n¶p kzX-{´-ambn sXc-sª-Sp-¡m\pw

AXns\ Np«-ÃmsX ]mIw sNbvXp Ign-¡m\pw \ho-I-cn-¡-s¸« \nbaw A\p-h-Zn-¨p (-\nb 16:1-þ9; ImWp-I; ]pd 12:1-þ14). Xncp-\m-fn-t\m-S-\p-_-Ôn¨p arK-§sf e`y-am-¡p-¶-Xn\pw \mK-cnI

Pohn-X-am-cw-`n-¨p -I-gnª kaq-l-¯nsâ \ne-hm-c-¯n-s\m¯pw s]klm BN-c-Ws¯ \ho-I-cn-¡m³ Cu ]pXnb \nb-a-§Ä¡p Ign-ªp.

s]k-lmbv¡v Ggv BgvN-IÄ¡p-tijw (49 Znh-kw) hcp¶ km_-¯p-Zn-\-amWp ]´-¡p-

kvX. CXn-s\-bmWv BgvN-I-fpsS Xncp-\mÄ F¶p hnfn-¡p-¶-Xv. AXv hnfsh-Sp-¸n-sâbpw (]pd 23:16) BZy ^e-§-fp-sSbpw (kwJy 28:26) Xncp-\m-fm-bn-cp-¶p. ]´-¡pkvXm F¶mÂ

A-¼-Xm-as¯ (Zn-h-kw) F¶mWÀYw. e`n¨ \·-IÄ¡p ssZh-¯n\p \µn ]d-bp¶ Ah-k-c-am-bn-cp¶p AXv. Cu Zn\-am-Wv ]pXnb ssZh-P-\-¯n-\p-ta Bßm-hns\ hÀjn-¡m³ ssZhw

Xnc-sª-Sp-¯Xv (A¸ 2:1-þ4). IÀ¯m-hnsâ ZuXyw ^e-a-Wnª s]k-lm-bv¡p-tijw k`-bpsS {]hr¯n^e-a-Wnª BZy-Zn-\-am-W-Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 23

CXv FÃm-hcpw kt´m-jn-t¡­ Zn\-am-Wv. Ggp Znhkw \o­p \nev¡p¶ BtLmjw \S-

t¡-­Xv ssZh-k-¶n-[n-bn-em-Wv. AXn-\mbn XoÀ°m-S\w Bh-iy-am-Wv. A\p-{Klw e`n-¡m³ Ign-h-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ImgvN-I-fp-ambn ssZh-P\w IÀ¯r-k-¶n-[n-bn-te¡p XoÀ°m-S\w \S-¯p-

Ibpw ssZh-k-¶n-[n-bn kt´m-jn-¡p-Ibpw thWw.

C{km-tb-ense FÃm ]«-W-§-fnepw ssZh-ln-X-a-\p-k-cn-¨p-am{Xw hn[n \S-¯p¶ \ymbm-[n-

]-·m-cp-­m-bn-cn-¡-W-sa¶p Iev]-\-tbmsS A[ymbw Ah-km-\n-¡p-¶p. ssZh-ln-X-a-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ hn[n-Xo-À¸n\v hn{K-lm-cm-[\ henb XSÊw krjvSn-¡pw. AXn-\m-emWv Ahn-sS-

sb§pw Atjdm {]Xn-jvTbpw kvXw`-§fpw \ntcm[n¡s¸«Xv. A\y-tZ-h-·m-cpsS lnXw tXS-Sp-¶-hÀ¡p ssZhn-I-\oXn \S-¸m-¡m³ Ign-bn-Ã.

\nb 17-þ18 A[ym-b-§-fn hn{K-lm-cm-[-IÀs¡-Xn-sc-bpÅ hn[nbpw cmPys¯ AXn-{]-[m\

t\Xm-¡-fmb cmPmhv, ]ptcm-ln-X³, {]hm-N-I³ F¶n-h-sc-¡p-dn-¨pÅ \nb-a-§-fp-amWp \evI-s -̧«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Xsâ Pohn-X-co-Xn-bn- cmPmthm (17:15-þ17) _en-bÀ¸-W-co-Xn-I-fnÂ

]ptcm-ln-Xtcm (18:9þ10) Xsâ ZuXy-\nÀh-l-W-co-Xn-bn {]hm-N-It\m (18:20-þ22) hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-\m-I-cp-Xv. hn{K-lm-cm-[\ \S-¯p-¶-hÀ¡pw ssZhIev]\ ewLn-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pw h[-

in£bmWp Iev]n-¡-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶m \njvI-f-¦³ kwc-£n-¡-s¸-S-W-sa¶p ssZh-¯n\p \nÀ_Ô-ap-­v. HcmÄ¡v Xsâ Ab¡m-c-t\mSv AkqbtXm¶n \ymbm-[n-·m-cpsS

ap¼n Abmsf Ipä-am-tcm-]n-¨m AXnsâ t]cnÂam{Xw AbmÄ in£n-¡-s¸«pIqSm. Ipäw sXfn-bn-¡m³ ct­m AXn-e-[n-Itam km£n-I-fpsS km£yw Bh-iy-am-Wv. ssZhn-I-`-cWw

\ne-\n-ev¡p¶ cmPy-am-b-Xn-\m kwi-b-apÅ Imcy-§-fn hn[n ssZhw Ah-cp-sS-ta \ntbm-Kn¨ ]ptcm-ln-Xsâbpw cmPm-hn-sâbpw hnth-N-\-a-\p-k-cn-¨m-bn-cn-¡-Ww.

ssZhw XmXv]-cy-sa-Sp¯p \evIn-b-Xà C{kmtbense cmPXzw; AXv P\-¯nsâ B{K-l-{]-Imcw AhÀ¡p-\-evI-s¸-«-Xm-Wv. AXn-\m cmPm-hns\ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ AhÀ aq¶p

Imcy-§Ä {i²n-¡Ww: (1) IÀ¯mhp \nÝ-bn-¡p¶ Bsf AhÀ Xnc-sª-Sp-¡Ww (2) P\w H¶-S¦w B Xnc-sª-Sp¸p \S-¯Ww; (3) Xnc-sª-Sp-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-bmÄ C{km-tb¡mc-\m-bn-

cn-¡p-IbpwthWw. AtXm-sSm-s¸-Xs¶ cmPm-hm-Ip¶ hyàn ]men-t¡­ A©p Iev]-\-Ifpw \evI-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p: (1) AbmÄ IpXn-c-I-fpsS F®w (ssk-\n-I-i-àn) hÀ[n-¸n-¡-cpXv

]Icw IÀ¯m-hn-emWv B{i-bn-t¡-­-Xv; (2) AbmÄ¡v At\Iw `mcy-am-cp-­m-bn-cn-¡-cpXv: A§s\bp­m-bm AbmÄ hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-\mbn amdpw; (3) AbmÄ X\n-¡p-th­n Aan-X-

ambn kz¯p k¼m-Zn-¡-cpXv; (4) Xsâ ktlm-Z-c-§-sf-¡mÄ henbh\m-sW-¶-bmÄ kzbw `mhn-¡-cpXv; AbmÄ Ah-cpsS tkh-I-\mWv; (5) ssZh-¯nsâ DS-¼Sn ]pkvX-I-¯nsâ

]IÀ¸v AbmÄ Fgp-Xn- kq-£n-¡p-Ibpw FÃm Znh-khpw AXp hmbn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿-Ww. A§s\ AbmÄ¡v IÀ¯m-hns\ `b-s¸-Sm\pw Ahn-Ss¯ {]am-W-§-sfÃmw ]men-¡m\pw

Ign-bpw.

]ptcm-ln-XÀ¡pw tehyÀ¡pw aäp tKm{X-§-sf-t¸mse hmKvZ-¯-tZ-i¯v Hmlcn D­m-bn-cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã. ssZh-amWv Ah-cpsS Hmlcn. Poh-k-ÔmcW¯n-\mbn Ah-cpsS ip{iq-j-

bnÂ\n¶mWv AhÀ¡v Hmlcn e`n-t¡­Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 24

A\y-P-\-X-I-sf-t¸mse C{km-tb-en a{´-hm-Zn-Itfm, {]iv\-¡m-tcm, B`n-Nm-c-Itcm, hn{K-

lm-cm-[-\-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« aäp hyàn-Itfm D­m-bn-cn-¡-cp-Xv. IÀ¯m-hn\pap¼n Ipä-a-ä-h-\m-bn-cn-¡p-I-sb-¶m Ahn-S-t¯mSp ]qÀW hniz-kvX -]m-en-¨p-sIm­v A\p-k-c-W-ap-Å-h-\m-

bn-cn-¡pI F¶mWÀYw. `mhnbdn-bm-\mWp P\w a{´-hm-Zn-I-sfbpw aäpw B{i-bn-¡p-¶-Xv. F¶m P\s¯ ssZh-ln-X-a-dn-bn-¡m³ ssZhw Xs¶ AhÀ¡v {]hm-N-I-·msc \evIpw;

Ahsc am{Xta ssZhP\w {ihn-¡m-hq. ssZhw P\-¯n\p tami-sb-t¸m-semcp {]hm-N-Is\ \evIpw F¶p ]d-bp-¶-XnÂ\n¶v A©p Imcy-§Ä hyà-am-Wv: (1) ssZh-lnXw P\s¯

Adn-bn¨ tami-sb-t¸mse Imem-Im-e-§-fn C{km-tb-en ssZh-ln-X-a-dn-bn-¡p¶ {]hm-N-·mÀ D­m-bn-cn-¡pw. (2) AhÀ P\-¯n-\n-S-bn \n¶p-Xs¶ IÀ¯mhv DbÀ¯p-¶-h-cm-bn-cn-

¡pw. (3) IÀ¯mhv Xsâ hN-\-§Ä Xsâ {]hm-N-Isâ \mhn h¨p-sIm-Sp-¡pw. (4) IÀ¯mhp Iev]n-¡p-¶-sXÃmw AbmÄ P\-t¯m-Sp-]-d-bpw. (5) B {]hm-N-Isâ kzcw {ihn-

¡m-¯-hsc IÀ¯mhp in£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw. AtXm-sSm¸w Xs¶ hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cmb hymP-{]-hm-N-I-·msc Xncn-¨-dn-bm-\pÅ am\-Z-Þhpw IÀ¯m-hp-Xs¶ \evIp-¶p­v (18:22).

hn{K-lm-cm-[-I-cmb {]hm-N-I-·mÀ h[n-¡-s¸-S-W-sa-¶-XmWp \nbaw. ImcWw AhÀ P\s¯ hgnsXän-¡p-Ibpw IÀ¯m-hn \n¶-I-äp-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

sIme]mX-In-I-sfbpw km£n-I-sfbpw kw_-Ôn-¡p¶ \nb-a-§-fmWo `mK-¯p-Å-Xv. a\x-

]qÀh-a-ÃmsX A_-Ô-h-im Hcp-h³ Bsc-sb-¦nepw h[n-¡m-\n-S-bm-bm cà-¯n\p {]Xn-Imcw sNt¿­ _Ôp, Ah-\p-]n-¶mse HmSn-h¶v \njvI-f¦ càw Nn´m-Xn-cn-t¡-­-Xn\v

cmPy-¯nsâ hyXy-kvX-̀ m-K-§-fn-embn aq¶p ]«-W-§Ä A`-b-\-K-c-§-fmbn \o¡n-h-bv¡Ww (kwJy 35:19-þ-20). \nc-]-cm-[n¡v Xsâ \nc-]-cm-[nXzw sXfn-bn-¡m³ Ah-kcw e`n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-

apÅ \nb-a-kw-hn-[m-\-am-bn-cp¶p CXv (]pd 21:12-þ14; \nb 9:41þ43; 19:1-þ13; tPmjz 20:1-þ9). F¶m a\x]qÀhw sIme \S¯nb LmX-I\v Pohn-¡m³ Ah-Im-i-an-Ã. Ahs\ {]Xn-Im-c-

¯n\v Gev]n-¨p-sIm-Sp-t¡-­Xp ]«W t{ijvT-·mÀ Xs¶-bm-Wv. Xn·sb sNdp-¡m\pw \njvIf-¦sc kwc-£n-¡m-\p-apÅ \nba kwhn-[m-\-am-Wn-Xv. AtXm-sSm¸wXs¶ Hcm-fpsS

Ipäw kaq-ls¯ apgp-h\pw _m[n-¡p-sa¶pw AXp Xncp-t¯-­Xp kaq-l-¯nsâ apgp-h\pw D¯-c-hm-Zn-Xz-am-sW¶pw Cu \nba§Ä hyà-am-¡p-¶p-­v.

tZi-¯nsâ Ah-Imiw ssZhw \evIp-¶-Xm-I-bm Bcpw AXnÀ¯n-¡Ãp amän-¡-f-b-cp-Xv (19:19). ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-¯n-s\-Xntc {]hÀ¯n-¡p-¶-hÀ in£n-¡-s¸-S-Ww. \ymb-]qÀh-amb

hn[n km[y-am-Ip-¶Xv km£n-I-fpsS km£y-̄ n-eq-sS-bmWv. AXp-sIm­pXs¶ km£yw Ipä-a-ä-Xm-bn-cn-¡-Ww. Bsc-¦nepw HcmÄs¡-Xntc hymPm-tcm-]Ww \S-¯n-sb¶p sXfn-

ªm Btcm-]n-X\p e`n-¡m-am-bn-cp¶ in£ IÅkm£n-bp-sS-ta \S-¸m-¡-Ww. Ah-t\mSp ImcpWyw ImWn-t¡-­-Xn-Ã. I®n-\p-]-Icw I®v, ]Ãn-\p-]-Icw ]Ãv, F¶-XmWp \nb-

aw. I®n-\p-]-Icw I®p am{Xta FSp-¡mhq F¶Xp Xpey\oXn-bpsS kzc-am-Wv.

AÊo-dn-b, _m_n-tem¬ apX-emb henb km{amPyiàn-IÄ AXn{Iqc-ambn bp²w sNbvXp-sIm-­n-cp¶ Ime-L-«-¯n AhcnÂ\n¶p hfsc hyXykvXamb C{km-tb-ensâ

am\p-jn-I-amb bp²-\n-b-a-§-fmWv Cu `mK-¯p-Å-Xv. bp²-¯nsâ Ah-k-c-¯n ssZh-P\w B{i-bn-t¡­Xp X§-fpsS iàn-sb-¡mÄ ssZh-i-àn-sb-bm-Wv. ImcWw CuPn-]vXn h¨v

AÛp-X-I-c-ambn C{km-tb-en-\p-th­n CS-s]«v ià-\mb ^d-thm-bpsS I¿nÂ\n¶v Ahsc c£n¨ ssZh-amb IÀ¯m-hmWv bp²-¯n Ahsc \bn-¡p-¶-Xv. bp²m-cw-̀ -¯n IÀ¯m-

hnsâ ]ptcm-ln-X³ C¡mcyw Ahsc A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡-Ww. bp²-Im-e-̄ p-t]mepw hyàn-I-

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 25

fpsS Ah-Im-i-§fpw XmXv]-cy-§fpw kwc-£n-¡-s¸-S-W-sa¶ a\p-jy-Xz-]-c-amb ZÀi\w

Ah-X-cn-¸n-¨p-sIm­v hoSp-]-Wn-Xn«v AXnsâ {]XnjvT \S¯n AXn hkn-¡m-¯-h-s\bpw hnhm-l-hm-KvZm\w \S-¯nbtijw AXp \nd-th-äm³ Ah-kcw e`n-¡m-̄ -h-s\-bpw ap´ncn

\«p-]n-Sn-̧ n-¨n«v AXv Bkz-Zn-¡m³ Ign-ªn«nÃm¯-hs\bpw `b-¶n-cn-¡p-¶-h-s\-bp-saÃmw Xncn-¨-b-¡m-\mWp \nbaw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. kwJym-_ew Ipd-bp-¶-tXmÀ¯v AhÀ¡v Bi-¦-bp-

­m-tI­ Imcy-an-Ã. ImcWw AhcpsS bp²w \bn-¡p-¶Xp ià-\mb IÀ¯m-hp-X-s¶-bm-Wv.

C{km-tb bp²w sN¿p¶ ]«-W-§Ä Im\m-\ntem aäp \mSp-I-fntem F¶-X-\p-k-cn¨v i{Xp-hn-\p-ta \S-¸m-t¡­ c­p-Xcw \nb-a-§-fp-­m-bn-cp¶p (20:10-þ18). ]«-W-§Ä Im\m³

tZi-¯n\p ]pd-¯m-sW-¦n kam-[m\kÔn-sN-¿m³ AhÀ¡v Ah-kcw \evI-Ww. kÔn¡p X¿m-dm-sW-¦n Ahsc ASn-a-I-fm-¡mw. X¿m-d-sÃ-¦n AhÀ¡-Xntc bp²w

sNbvXv Iog-S-¡nbtijw AXnse ]pcp-j-·m-sc-sbÃmw h[n-¡-Ww. _m¡n-bp-Åh (kv{Xo-Ifpw Ip«n-Ifpw hkvXp-h-I-I-fpw) AhÀ¡v sImÅ apX-embn FSp-¡mw. KÀ`n-Wn-I-fpsS DZcw

]nfÀ¡p-I, Ipªp-§sf \ne-¯-Sn¨pw A½-amcpsS Igp-¯n Xq¡nbpw sImÃpI XpS-§nb {Iqc-X-IÄ \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ ]Ým-̄ -e-¯n-emWv IqSpX am\pjnIamb Cu \nb-a-§sf

hnebncpt¯­Xv.

F¶m Im\m³ tZi-̄ p-Å ]«-W-§Äs¡-Xntc bp²w sN¿p-t¼mÄ C§-s\-bpÅ B\p-

Iq-ey-§Ä A\p-h-Zn-¨n-«n-Ã. Ah-bn-ep-Å-hÀ apgp-h³ \in-¸n-¡-s¸-S-Ww. A§s\ sNbvXnsÃ-¦n AXv kmh-[m\w C{km-tb-ens\ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\-bn sIms­-¯n-¡pw.

bp²-Im-e¯v b{´-ap-«nbpw bpt²m-]-I-c-W-§-fp-ap-­m-¡m\pw aäp-ambn a\p-jy\v D]-tbm-K-{]-Z-amb ^e-hr-£-§Ä sh«n \in-¸n-¡-cpXv F¶Xpw \nbamhÀ¯\ \nb-a-̄ nsâ am\p-jn-

I-amb `mh-§-fnÂs¸«-Xm-Wv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯-\-{K-Ù-¯nsâ ZÀi-\-a-\p-k-cn¨v _en-bÀ¸n-¡pI F¶Xp bm{´n-I-amb Hc-p- A\p-ãm-\-am-I-cp-Xv. D¶-X-\mb ssZh-¯n\p _en-bpsS ]cn-a-f-̄ nsâ Bh-iy-an-Ã- F¶-

XmWp ImgvN-¸m-Sv. ssZh-¯n-\p- `£-Whpw Bh-iy-anÃ. CXn\p ap¼pÅ {KÙ-§-fn ssZh-

¯nsâ `£-W-s -̄¡p-dn¨v kwkm-cn-¡p-¶p­v: “ssZh¯ns³d ap³]n AhÀ

hnipZv[cmbncn¡Ww. ssZh¯ns³d \maw AipZv[am¡cpXv. AhcmWv ssZhamb IÀ¯mhn\p Zl\_enIfpw t`mP\ _enIfpw AÀ¸n¡p¶Xv. AXpsIm­v AhÀ

hnipZv[cmbncn¡Ww (tehy 21:6; ImWpI- 1:9, 13, 17; 21:8, 17, 21). C{km-tb-ense _en-Ifpw Bcm-[-\bpw Pdp-k-se-an am{X-ambn Npcp-¡nb {KÙ-Im-c³ ssZh-¯n\v A\p-Zn-\- `£-W-

sa-¶-Xp-t]mse AÀ¸n-t¡­ _en-I-sfbpw ImgvN-I-sfbpw Ipdn¨v H¶pw Xs¶ ]d-bp-¶n-Ã-¶Xv {it²-b-am-Wv.

Adn-bmsX sNbvXp-t]m-Ip¶ ]m]§Ä¡p-th-­n-bpÅ ]cn-lm-c-_-en-I-sf-¡p-dn-t¨m, ss\bm-an-I-amb Aip-²n-sb-¡p-dn-t¨m, ip²o-I-c-W-s¯-¡p-dn-t¨m, tamj-W-s¯-¡p-dn-t¨m,

NXn-sb-¡p-dnt¨m H¶pw ChnsS NÀ¨ sN¿p-¶nà (Im-WpI tehy 4-þ5). \nb-am-hÀ¯-Isâ ho£-W-a-\p-k-cn¨p _en-I-fà adn¨v Bßob ip²o-I-c-Whpw A\p-Xm-]hpw Ipäw Gäp-]-d-

bp-¶Xpw {]mÀ°-\-bp-amWv Hcp-hsâ ]m]-§Ä tamNn-¡p-¶Xv.

LmX-I-sc-¡pdn¨v Adn-hn-Ãm-¯-t¸mÄ tZi-hm-kn-IÄ A\p-jvTn-t¡­ Imcy-§-sf-¡p-dn¨p

kwkm-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ am{X-amWp \nb-am-hÀ¯\ {KÙ-Im-c³ ]m]-¸-cn-lmc _en¡p kam-\-amb Hcp IÀ½-s¯-¡p-dn-¨p- ]-d-bp-¶Xv (\nb 21:1-þ9). F¶m Cu hnh-c-W-¯neqsS Xs¶-

bmWv At±lw _en-I-sf-¡p-dn-¨pÅ Xsâ {]tXyI ZÀi\w shfnhm-¡p-¶-Xv: ChnsS \S-¯-s¸-Sp¶ _en-bn arKs¯ {Ia-a-\p-k-cn¨p sImÃp-Itbm AXnsâ càw hnip-²- Ø-e¯p-

Xfn-¡p-Itbm sN¿p-¶n-Ã. adn¨v Hcn-¡epw Irjn sNbvXn-«n-Ãm¯ Hcp Øe¯v Hcn-¡epw ]Wn-sb-Sp-¸n-¨n-«n-Ãm¯ Hcp ]ip-¡p-«nsb sIm­p-h¶v AXnsâ Igp-s¯m-Sn-¡p-I-bmWp

sN¿p-¶-Xv. Cu IÀ½-¯nsâ Ah-k-c-¯n ]ptcm-ln-XÀ k¶n-ln-X-cm-sW-¦nepw arK-¯nsâ

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 26

Igp-s¯m-Sn-¡p-¶Xp ]«-W-¯nse t{ijvT-·mcpw \ymbm-[n-]-·m-cp-am-Wv. ]ptcm-ln-XÀ AhnsS

k¶n-ln-X-cm-bn-cn-¡p-Ibpw IÀ½-§Ä \nb-{´n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p-s­-¶Xp {it²-bw.

Cu IÀ½-¯n\p {]Xo-Im-ß-I-amb HcÀ°-am-Wp-Å-Xv. ]ip-¡n-Sm-hnsâ Igp-s¯m-Sn-¡-s¸-Sp-

¶Xp- Ipä-IrXyw \S¶ Øe-¯mWv; AhnsSh¨p- kaq-l -t\-Xm-¡Ä ssI Igp-Ip-¶Xv Ah-cpsS \njvI-f-¦X Gäp-]-d-bm-\mWv (k¦o 24:4; 26:6-þ10; 73:13). ]m]-¸-cn-lm-c -Zn-\-¯n \n¶p

hyXy-kvX-ambn ChnsS P\-̄ nsâ ]m]w arK-¯n-\p-ta ssIh-bv]n-eqsS Btcm-]n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶nà (tehy 16:21). ImcWw AXns\ AÀ¸n-¡p-¶Xv ]m]-¯n-\p- ]-cn-lm-c-am-bn-«-Ã. ]m]-

¯n\p ]cn-lm-c-ap-­m-Ip-¶-Xv IÀ½-̄ nsâ A´y-¯nse ]m]-¯nsâ Gäp-]-d-¨nepw {]mÀ°-\bpw hgn-bmWv (\nb 21:7þ8).

tehy 14:53 seXpt]mse Cu IÀ½-̄ nepw ]ptcm-ln-X³ Aip²n \o¡w sN¿p-Itbm Xn·sb acp-`q-an-bn-tebv¡v amäp-Itbm sN¿p-¶nà (tehy 16:22). ssZhw ]m]w £an-¡p-I-

bmWp sN¿p-¶-Xv. AXn\p ]ptcm-ln-Xsâ am²yØyw Bh-iy-an-Ã. X§tfmSp £an-¡-W-sa¶p ]m]-§-tf-äp-]-dªp ssZht¯mSp {]mÀ°n-¡p-¶Xv kaq-l-¯nse t{ijvT-·m-cm-Wv.

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨v AÀ¸-I\pw kaq-l-¯nse ]mh-s -̧«-hÀ¡pw tehyÀ¡pw ]c-tZ-in¡pw hn[-h-IÄ¡pw A\m-YÀ¡p-apÅ `£-W-amWp _en-IÄ. C{km-tb kaq-l-

¯nse Gähpw Zcn-{Zcmb P\s¯ kwc-£n-¡m-\pÅ Hcp am[yaw am{X-amWp _en-bÀ¸Ww. kt´m-j-I-c-amb Xncp-\m-fp-IÄ ]¦p-h-bv¡-ensâ Xncp-\m-fp-I-fmbn amdWw ImcWw: ""...

\obpw \ns³d aI\pw aIfpw Zmk\pw Zmknbpw \ns³d ]«W¯nepÅ tehy\pw ]ctZinbpw A\mY\pw hn[hbpw kt´mjn¡Ww. \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv

XncsªSp¡p¶ kvYe¯v AhnSpt¯¡v GgpZnhkw Xncp\mÄ BtLmjn¡Ww. \ns³d FÃm hnfhpIfpw {]bXv\§fpw \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv A\p{Kln¡pw; \o

kt´mj]qcnX\mhpIbpw sN¿pw.''

B­n aq¶p {]mhiyw (]pfn¸nÃm¯ A¸¯ns³d Xncp\mfnepw BgvNIfpsS

Xncp\mfnepw IqSmc¯ncp\mfnepw) \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhv XncsªSp¡p¶ kvYe¯p ]pcpj³amscÃmhcpw kt½fn¡Ww. AhÀ IÀ¯mhns³d ap³]n shdpwssItbmsS

hccpXv. \ns³d ssZhamb IÀ¯mhp \n§Ä¡p \ÂInbncn¡p¶ A\p{Kl§Äs¡m¯hn[w Hmtcmcp¯cpw Ignh\pkcn¨p ImgvNIÄ kaÀ¸n¡Ww''

(16:16þ17).

\nb-am-hÀ¯\ ssZh-imkv{X Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨v _en-bÀ¸Ww hyàn-]-c-amb Hcp Imcy-

amWv: AXv shdpw Hcp kmaqly BNm-c-a-Ã. AXn\p c­p e£y-§-fm-Wp-ÅXv. 1) am\p-jn-Iw: AXm-bXv ]mh-s¸-«-h-\p-ambn Hcp-h-\pÅXp ]¦p-h-bv¡p-hm-\pÅ Ah-k-c-am-WXv

(26:11þ15). 2) `àn: AXm-bXv, t\À¨ ImgvN-I-fn-eqsS ssZh-t¯mSv Hcp-h-\pÅ `àn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ thZn-bm-WXv (12:6, 11, 17, 26; 23:22þ24). \nb-am-hÀ¯\ Nn´-b-\p-k-cn¨p ssZhw Acq-

]n-bm-Wv. AXp-sIm-­p-Xs¶ Ahn-Sps¯ {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p¶ hn{K-l-§Ä D­m-¡m³ ]mSp-Å-X-Ã. Acq-]n-bmb ssZh-¯n\p a\p-jysâ `uXn-I-amb _en-`£Ww B-h-iy-anÃ;

a\p-jy\p ssZh-t¯m-SpÅ Xsâ `àn {]I-Sn-¸n-¡m-\pÅ Hcp hgn am{X-amWp _en.

20þmw A[ym-b-¯nse bp²-\n-b-a-§-tfmSp tNÀ¶p t]mIp¶ \nb-a-am-Wn-Xv. Im\m³ tZi-

¯pÅ hnPm-Xob kv{XoIsf hnhmlw sN¿m³ C{km-tb-en-\-h-Im-i-an-Ã. ImcWw AXp hn{K-lm-cm-[-\¡p Imc-W-am-Ipw. F¶m A\y Øe-§-fnÂ\n¶v ASn-a-I-fm-¡n-s¡m-­p-h-cp-

¶-h-sc AhÀ¡p hnhmlw sN¿mw. A§s\ sNbvXm Ah-cpsS hyàn-Xzs¯ AhÀ am\n-¡-Ww. bp²-¯n \jvS-s¸« Xsâ P\-s¯-¡p-dn¨v hne-]n-¡m³ kv{Xo¡v Ah-kcw e`n-¡-

Ww. AXn\ptijw ASn-a-¯-¯nsâ hkv{Xw amäp-¶Xv AhÄ kzX-{´-bmbn F¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. hnhm-l-tijw AhÄ ]qÀW-ambpw ssZh-P-\-¯nsâ `mK-am-bn-¯o-cp-¶p. ]n¶oSv Hcn-

¡epw AhÄ ASn-a-bm-bn-¡q-Sm. C{km-tben _lp-`m-cy-Xzhpw hnhm-l-tam-N-\hpw \ne-hn-en-cp¶ Ime¯v km[yamb \oXn- \S¸m¡p¶Xn\p-th-­n-bpÅ \nb-a-am-Wn-Xv.

temtKmkv ]T-\-k-lmbn þ \nb-am-hÀ¯\w (2019) 27

_lp-`m-cyXz \ne-hn-en-cp¶ Ime¯v \oXn-bp-d-¸m-¡n-bn-cp¶ asämcp \nb-a-am-Wn-Xv.

BZyPmX\v aäp a¡-sf-¡mÄ Cc«n `mK-¯n-\-h-Im-i-ap-­m-bn-cp-¶p. ]nXm-hnsâ CjvSm-\n-jvS-§Ä Cu Ah-Im-is¯ XIÀ¡m³ ]mSn-Ã.

ssZhn-I-\n-b-a-amb \memw {]amWw ]men-¡-s¸-Sp¶p F¶p-d-¸m-¡p-Ibpw IpSpw-_-¯nsâ \ne-\nev]v Dd-¸n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ \nb-a-am-Wn-Xv. amXm-]n-Xm-¡Ä Hcp-an¨v Ipäm-tcm-]Ww \S-

¯p-¶Xv aIsâ A\p-k-c-W-t¡-Snsâ ImTn\yw hyà-am-¡p-¶p. Ipäw hyà-ambn sXfn-bn-¡-s¸-«m ITn-\-amb in£ \evI-s¸-S-Ww.

Ipä-hm-fnsb ]c-ky-ambn ac-¯n Xq¡n-s¡m-Ãp-¶Xv C¯-c-¯n-epÅ Xn·-bnÂ\n¶p aäp-

Å-hsc ]n³Xn-cn-̧ n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-­n-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Ipä-hm-fn-IÄ ac-¯n Xq¡-s -̧Sm-dp-­m-bn-cp¶ C¡m-e¯v Ah-cpsS arX-i-co-c-§Ä A{]-Imcw Dt]-£n-¡-s¸-Sm-dp-­m-bn-cp-¶p. arX-sc-

¡p-dn-¨pÅ BZ-c-sh-¶-Xn-s\-¡mÄ arX-i-cocw \mSns\ Aip-²-am¡pw F¶ Nn´-bmWv ""cm{Xn apgp-h³ arX-i-co-cw ac¯n Xq§n¡nS¡cpXvv'' F¶ \nba-¯n-ep-Å-Xv. {InkvXp-

hnsâ ac-Ws¯ Ipdn¨p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ ""ac-¯n Xq¡-s¸-«-h³ i]n-¡-s¸-«-h-\mWv'' (\nb 21:23) F¶ Cu \nbaw hn. ]utemkv A\pkvacn-¡p-¶p­v (Kem 3,13).

hn{K-lm-cm-[-\- XpS-¨p-\o-¡p-I, kam-[m\ ]qÀW-amb Hcp kaqlw sI«n-̧ -Sp-¡p-I, am\p-jn-IX \ndª kmaq-ly-km-l-Ncyw \ne-\nÀ¯p-I, i{Xp-¡-fpsS ap¼n XIÀ¶p-t]m-Im¯

Hcp kaq-l-am¡n Ahsc amäp-I, FÃm-hÀ¡pw Xpey-\o-Xnbpw Ah-k-c-§fpw \evIpI F¶n-§s\ am\p-jnIamb apJ-apÅXpw DXv]¯nþkwJym {KÙ§sf¡mÄ \hoIrXhpamb \nb-

a-§fmWv \nbamhÀ¯\{KÙw Cu A[ym-b-§fneqsS \½psS ap¼n Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv.

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Prepared by

Dr. Antony Tharekadavil