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Who is this Guy?...Who is this Guy? DAVID MAYONADO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT REP. HEBRON, MD Outline...
Transcript of Who is this Guy?...Who is this Guy? DAVID MAYONADO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT REP. HEBRON, MD Outline...
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Industry and AgricultureAn Innovative Partnership
David J. Mayonado, Ph.DTechnology Development Rep.
Who is this Guy?
DAVID MAYONADOTECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT REP.HEBRON, MD
Outline
• Technology in Agriculture- Historic- Current- Future
• Working in Industry• Monsanto Company
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The Glory Days of Agriculture?
The Glory Days of Agriculture?
The Glory Days of Agriculture?
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The Glory Days of Agriculture?
Land Grant Universities
• The Morrill Acts of 1862 and 1890 established the raising of funds (via granting federally controlled lands to the states) to established land‐grant colleges.
• The mission of these institutions was to focus on the teaching of practical agriculture, science, military science and engineering.
Agricultural Experiment Stations
New York
North Carolina
• The Hatch Act of 1887 authorized the establishment of agricultural experiment stations to be affiliated with the land grant college of agriculture in each state.
• The Smith‐Lever Act of 1914 created the Cooperative Extension Service to disseminate information gleaned from the experiment station’s research.
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Intensive Research and Adoption of Technology Improves Production
Univ. of MissouriUniv. of Missouri
Science based research and development by government and private industry over the past 100 years has resulted in huge increases in US crop production via
improved agronomic practices and the adoption of ever improving mechanical, chemical and biological tools.
The Rural Environment in the Mid-Atlantic Seems to be Well Suited for Wildlife
Maryland Dept. of Natural Resources
Applying rigorous scientific principles to the development of agricultural technologies and techniques has allowed Mid‐Atlantic farmers to produce steadily larger crops while at the
same time improving soil quality and fostering an environment that supports a thriving wildlife population.
Applying rigorous scientific principles to the development of agricultural technologies and techniques has allowed Mid‐Atlantic farmers to produce steadily larger crops while at the
same time improving soil quality and fostering an environment that supports a thriving wildlife population.
The Rural Environment in the Mid-Atlantic Seems to be Well Suited for Wildlife
Applying rigorous scientific principles to the development of agricultural technologies and techniques has allowed Mid‐Atlantic farmers to produce steadily larger crops while at the
same time improving soil quality and fostering an environment that supports a thriving wildlife population.
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Changing Tools for Agricultural Pest Management
Time
Efficiency
GMO
RNAi
No-till
What are GMOs?
Biotechnology in plant agriculture has come to mean the process of intentionally making a copy of a gene for a desired trait from one plant or organism and using it in another plant. The result is a GMO (genetically
modified organism).
Biotechnology in plant agriculture has come to mean the process of intentionally making a copy of a gene for a desired trait from one plant or organism and using it in another plant. The result is a GMO (genetically
modified organism).
Commercial Products of Biotechnology
• Roundup Ready® Crops – allow growers more effective and efficient control of weeds
• YieldGard® Corn – allows growers to manage yield robbing insects without the need to spray. This provides more effective control without harming beneficial and non‐threatening insects.
• DroughtGard® Corn – Enhancing drought tolerance in corn for tough environments.
• Vistive Gold®/Plenish® Soybeans – Soybeans that produce a vegetable oil that is more healthy (similar to Olive oil) for consumers.
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Genes and Proteins
• Genes are the information packets for making proteins.
• The nature of one’s proteins determines one’s nature.
• Proteins are not generally stable outside the confines of living cells.
• Proteins are generally rapidly biodegraded and rapidly digested.
Proteins have the potential to be powerful tools for enhancing agricultural production while being highly biodegradable and
being produced in the very plants that need them.
Proteins have the potential to be powerful tools for enhancing agricultural production while being highly biodegradable and
being produced in the very plants that need them.
GMO Safety
Scientific Institutions and Organizations that Recognize the Safety of GM Crops and their Potential Benefits
International North America Europe Latin America
World Health Organization (WHO) Royal Society of Canada Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the
Czech Republic Nutrition Society of Argentina (SAN)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Health Canada French Academy of Sciences International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)
Thirld Word Academy of Sciences (TWAS) National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
National Academy of Sciences (Leopoldina) | German Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech) | Berlin‐Brandenburg Academy of
Sciences and Humanities
Brazilian Academy of Sciences
International Council for Science (ICSU)* Institute of Medicine (IOM) & National Research
Council (NRC) of the National Academies. Union of the German Academies of Science and
Humanities (8 academies) Brazilian Association of Nutrition*
International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST)
National Academies (IOM, NRC, NAS, NAE) Federal Ministry of Education and Research Chilean Academy of Sciences
International Seed Federation (ISF) American Medical Association (AMA) National Academy of Science | Lincean Academy Chilean Academy of Agricultural Sciences
International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS)
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Joint statement of 14 scientific intitutions of Italy Mexican Academy of Sciences
Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)
American Council of Science and Health (ACSH) Joint statement of 21 scientific intitutions of Italy Peruvian Association for the Development of
Biotechnology (PeruBiotec)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Society of Toxicology (SOT) Plant Research International – Wageningen UR Nutrition Society of Argentina (SAN)
AgBioWorld Foundation American Dietetic Association Declaration promoted by the Spanish Bioindustry
Association (ASEBIO)
Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD)
Genetics Society of America Declaration promoted by the National Association
of Plant Breeders (ANOVE) and signed by 14 Spanish institutions
Oceania
World Health Organization (WHO) American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) Royal Society of London Biotechnology Ministerial Council
American Society of Plant Biology (ASPB) Royal Society of Medicine Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization (CSIRO)
Asia American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Royal Society of Edinburgh National Farmers’ Federation (NFF)
Chinese Academy of Sciences American Phytopathological Society (APS) Biochemical Society UK Australia’s Biotechnology Organization
(AusBiotech)
Indian National Academy of Sciences Society for In Vitro Biology (SIVB) Food Standards Australia – New Zealand
Indian National Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Crop Science Society of America Africa New Zealand Royal Commission
National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST)
Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST)
Academy of Science of South Africa
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Academies of Sciences from Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and
Zimbabwe.
Indian National Academy of Sciences International Society of African Scientists
International North America Europe Latin America
World Health Organization (WHO) Royal Society of Canada Biology Centre of the Academy of Sciences of the
Czech Republic Nutrition Society of Argentina (SAN)
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
Health Canada French Academy of Sciences International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI)
Thirld Word Academy of Sciences (TWAS) National Academy of Sciences (NAS)
National Academy of Sciences (Leopoldina) | German Academy of Science and Engineering (acatech) | Berlin‐Brandenburg Academy of
Sciences and Humanities
Brazilian Academy of Sciences
International Council for Science (ICSU)* Institute of Medicine (IOM) & National Research
Council (NRC) of the National Academies. Union of the German Academies of Science and
Humanities (8 academies) Brazilian Association of Nutrition*
International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST)
National Academies (IOM, NRC, NAS, NAE) Federal Ministry of Education and Research Chilean Academy of Sciences
International Seed Federation (ISF) American Medical Association (AMA) National Academy of Science | Lincean Academy Chilean Academy of Agricultural Sciences
International Union of Nutritional Sciences (IUNS)
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Joint statement of 14 scientific intitutions of Italy Mexican Academy of Sciences
Consultative Group for International Agricultural Research (CGIAR)
American Council of Science and Health (ACSH) Joint statement of 21 scientific intitutions of Italy Peruvian Association for the Development of
Biotechnology (PeruBiotec)
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Society of Toxicology (SOT) Plant Research International – Wageningen UR Nutrition Society of Argentina (SAN)
AgBioWorld Foundation American Dietetic Association Declaration promoted by the Spanish Bioindustry
Association (ASEBIO)
Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development (OECD)
Genetics Society of America Declaration promoted by the National Association
of Plant Breeders (ANOVE) and signed by 14 Spanish institutions
Oceania
World Health Organization (WHO) American Society for Cell Biology (ASCB) Royal Society of London Biotechnology Ministerial Council
American Society of Plant Biology (ASPB) Royal Society of Medicine Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organization (CSIRO)
Asia American Society for Microbiology (ASM) Royal Society of Edinburgh National Farmers’ Federation (NFF)
Chinese Academy of Sciences American Phytopathological Society (APS) Biochemical Society UK Australia’s Biotechnology Organization
(AusBiotech)
Indian National Academy of Sciences Society for In Vitro Biology (SIVB) Food Standards Australia – New Zealand
Indian National Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Crop Science Society of America Africa New Zealand Royal Commission
National Academy of Science and Technology (NAST)
Council for Agricultural Science and Technology (CAST)
Academy of Science of South Africa
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Academies of Sciences from Cameroon, Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda and
Zimbabwe.
Indian National Academy of Sciences International Society of African Scientists
To date, more than 2000 scientific studies have assessed the safety of these crops in terms of human health and environmental impact. These studies together with several reviews performed on a case by case from regulatory agencies around the world, have enabled a solid and clear scientific consensus: GM crops have
no more risk than those that have been developed by conventional breeding techniques.
To date, more than 2000 scientific studies have assessed the safety of these crops in terms of human health and environmental impact. These studies together with several reviews performed on a case by case from regulatory agencies around the world, have enabled a solid and clear scientific consensus: GM crops have
no more risk than those that have been developed by conventional breeding techniques.
http://www.siquierotransgenicos.cl/2015/06/13/more-than-240-organizations-and-scientific-institutions-support-the-safety-of-gm-crops
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BioDirect™ is Based on New Applications of RNAi Technology
™
RNAi is A Natural
Mechanism to Control
the Expression
of a Gene
DNA
Gen
e
RNAProtein Produced“Transfers information from gene to
construct a protein”
Gen
e
DNA
RNA
When cells make RNAi it specifically targets an RNA
RNA broken up Protein
Not Produced
X
“Trigger”
Gene Silenced
Gene silencing presents the possibility of turning off specific genes, which might have many practical agricultural applications ‐ including pest control.
Gene Silencing for Corn Rootworm Control
Graphic from Genetic Weapon Against Insects Raises Hope and Fear in Farming New York Times Online, Andrew Pollack, January 27, 2014
Pre-LaunchPhase 4
• Designed to provide added product durability for control of corn rootworm
• Offering an essential mode of action for corn rootworm control through a natural process (RNAi) which is unique from Bt
• Field and lab studies continue to demonstrate superior root protection through more complete control of corn rootworm larvae
Newton, Iowa – 2014
SmartStax® PRO
SmartStax PRO
Non-Bt VT3 SSX SSX PRO
Roo
t D
amag
e R
atin
g
SmartStaxSmartStax® PRO Corn
VT Triple PRO®
SmartStax® PRO1 Corn Provides a Novel Third Mode of Action for Corn Rootworm Control
ControlVT
Triple PRO® SmartStax
1. Pending regulatory approvals
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BioDirect™ Technology Provides Plant Protection Against Colorado Potato Beetle Infestations
• A highly destructive defoliator, Colorado Potato Beetle (CPB) can cause significant economic yield loss
• Field trials with BioDirect™ across potato growing areas of the U.S. continue to demonstrate reductions in CPB larvae infestation, adult emergence and plant defoliation
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20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
3 6 9 12 15
Untreated Control
BioDirect
Commercial Standard
Days after Treatment
CP
Bla
rge
larv
ae
Early DevelopmentPhase 2Untreated
BioDirect™ Technology Treated
Field trials at multiple locations in 2014 demonstrate the potential of BioDirect™ Technology in potato
production systems
Eastern Shore of Virginia ‐ 2014
Proof of ConceptPhase 1
• BioDirect™ Technology for Improved Plant Health by Targeting Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus (TSWV)
• BioDirect™ Technology treated plants have shown consistent protection from TSWV which may provide growers with a very specific and precise tool to protect their crops
• Activity has been identified on strains that are not currently managed through conventional breeding traits for resistance
• Greenhouse trials with an aggressive strain of TSWV on a commercial tomato hybrid show early progress towards tospovirus control
including TSWV
Plant protection with BioDirect™ Technology
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Virus-Infested PlantsUntreated Control
Virus-Infested Plants Non-Specific
BioDirect™ Treatment
Virus-Infested Plants Virus-Specific
BioDirect™ Treatment
Healthy PlantsUntreated Control
Percentage of Healthy Plants (not showing vegetative virus symptoms)
• Virus-Infested
• Plants
• Untreated Control
Virus-Infested Plants
Formulated Control
Virus-Infested Plants
BioDirect ™ Treatment
California - 2014
Healthy PlantUntreated Control
Proof of ConceptPhase 1
– We continue to see the BioDirect™ Technology working with herbicide chemistries in addition to glyphosate, providing additional modes of action for more effective weed control
– Targeting gene sequences common to both Palmer amaranth and waterhemp allows for effective control of both problem weed species
• Alternative Herbicide
Herbicide-Resistant Palmer Amaranth
•
• Roundup WeatherMax® Herbicide
Alternative Herbicide + BioDirect™ Technology
• Roundup WeatherMax® Herbicide+ BioDirect™ Technology
Glyphosate-Resistant Palmer AmaranthIllinois - 2014
BioDirect™ Technology Targeting Herbicide Resistant Weeds to Provide a More Effective Spectrum of Control
Alternative Herbicide
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Private Industry and Scientific Innovation
• The US has been the world leader in technical innovation and product development for more than a century.
• The combination of public and private investment in the development of technical solutions to critical needs has been hugely successful: - The Department of Defense and Lockheed Martin, Boeing,
Northrop Grumman, etc.- National Institute of Health (NIH) and pharmaceutical
companies- U.S. Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
(DARPA)/U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF) and private internet companies
The identification and initial funding of research to address important technical needs is often the role of the government. Once potential solutions are established, private investment into developing and
marketing potential solutions generally bring products to the consumer much more rapidly and less expensively than could be done publically.
The identification and initial funding of research to address important technical needs is often the role of the government. Once potential solutions are established, private investment into developing and
marketing potential solutions generally bring products to the consumer much more rapidly and less expensively than could be done publically.
Working in Industry
• To survive, private companies must create products or services that bring new value to their customers.
• New value can come from decreasing operating costs or increasing income (i.e. higher yields).
• When this new value is quantified, companies share part of that value with customers to encourage them to purchase the product and keep the remaining as compensation.
• New value is the product of discovery and/or innovative thinking.
Working in Industry
• Because of the competitive nature of the free market system, private companies are challenged daily for their survival.
• This makes for an exciting and potentially uncertain future.
• Companies must turn cash and innovation into products customers want and are willing to pay for.
• For those who work for successful companies, working in industry can be an exciting and financially rewarding career.
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Working in Industry
• Conduct research studies for Monsanto in the Mid‐Atlantic region to determine which of our products make sense to market here and how they should be used.
• Train Monsanto salesman, retail customers and growers on the technical attributes of our products and their use.
• Maintain relationships with colleagues in academia and keep them abreast of our products via hands on experience prior to commercialization.
• Am occasionally involved with training government regulators and congressional staffers on the nature of new technologies.
MONSANTO IS FOUNDED BY JOHN F. QUEENY
MONSANTO SCIENTISTS ARE THE 1ST TO GENETICALLY
MODIFY A PLANT CELL
1901 1960 1976 1987 1996 1997 1998 2000
AGRICULTURE DIVISION IS ESTABLISHED
MONSANTO CONDUCTS THE FIRST U.S. FIELD TRIALS WITH GENETICALLY MODIFIED PLANTS
ROUNDUP READY®SOYBEANS, CANOLA, AND BOLLGARD®
COTTON ARE PLANTED COMMERCIALLY
Monsanto History
1972
CELL BIOLOGY RESEARCH BEGAN
1982
National Medal of Technology from President Bill Clinton ‐ 1999
Monsanto Seed Brands
Cotton WheatVegetables
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MONSANTO
at a glance
Sales in more than
160 countries
Headquarters in
ST. LOUIS, MO
~ 400 facilities in over 60 countries
~ 20,000 Employees worldwide
$14.86 billion net sales in FY2013
+ $1B invested annually in R&D
The Mouse That Roared?
Bayer to Purchase Monsanto
Bayer CEO Werner Baumann and Monsanto Chairman and CEO Hugh Grant
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Take Home Messages:• Science‐based agronomic research & development has led to huge
increases in crop production efficiency and yield.
• Using protein based technology to manage pests allows the crop to protect itself without the added cost of petroleum based pesticides or their application.
• Proteins are inherently unstable outside the cell so are generally rapidly biodegraded and are generally rapidly digested in the acidic stomachs of humans.
• GM crops are the most thoroughly studied foods in the world. Their safety has been consistently demonstrated.
• RNA interference has great potential to improve pest management by very specifically turning off genes essential for pest survival.
• Working in industry can be an exciting and rewarding career path and the demand for agricultural scientists will continue to outstrip the supply of candidates!