WHO-Essential Medicine List Children

8/9/2019 WHO-Essential Medicine List Children

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WHOModelListofEssential

Medicinesfor

Children

First

List,

October

2007

Statusof

this

document

ThisisareprintofthetextontheWHOMedicines

website

http://www.who.int/medicines/publications/essentialmedicines/en/index.html


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WHO Model List of Essential Medicines for Children (October 2007) -- page 1

WHOModelListofEssentialMedicinesforChildren

ExplanatoryNotes

ThisModelListisintendedforuseforchildrenupto12yearsofage.

Thecorelistpresentsalistofminimummedicineneedsforabasichealthcaresystem,listing

themostefficacious,safeandcosteffectivemedicinesforpriorityconditions.Priority

conditionsareselectedonthebasisofcurrentandestimatedfuturepublichealthrelevance,

andpotentialforsafeandcosteffectivetreatment.

Thecomplementarylistpresentsessentialmedicinesforprioritydiseases,forwhich

specializeddiagnosticormonitoringfacilities,and/orspecialistmedicalcare,and/or

specialisttraining

are

needed.

In

case

of

doubt

medicines

may

also

be

listed

as

complementaryonthebasisofconsistenthighercostsorlessattractivecosteffectivenessina

varietyofsettings.

Thesquareboxsymbol()isprimarilyintendedtoindicatesimilarclinicalperformance

withinapharmacologicalclass.Thelistedmedicineshouldbetheexampleoftheclassfor

whichthereisthebestevidenceforeffectivenessandsafety.Insomecases,thismaybethe

firstmedicinethatislicensedformarketing;inotherinstances,subsequentlylicensed

compoundsmaybesaferormoreeffective.Wherethereisnodifferenceintermsofefficacy

andsafetydata,thelistedmedicineshouldbetheonethatisgenerallyavailableatthelowest

price,based

on

international

drug

price

information

sources.

Therapeuticequivalenceisonlyindicatedonthebasisofreviewsofefficacyandsafetyand

whenconsistentwithWHOclinicalguidelines.Nationallistsshouldnotuseasimilar

symbolandshouldbespecificintheirfinalselection,whichwoulddependonlocal

availabilityandprice.Medicinesarelistedinalphabeticalorder,withinsections.

Theformatandnumberingofthe15thWHOModelListofEssentialMedicineshavebeen

retainedbut,asindicatedinthetext,somesectionshavebeendeletedbecausetheycontain

medicinesthatarenotrelevantforchildren.

IntheListofEssentialMedicinesforChildren,twoadditionalsymbolsareused.

a indicatesthatthereisanagerestrictiononuseofthemedicines;thedetailsforeach

medicineareinTable1.

R indicatesthattheSubcommitteehasendorsedthemedicineasessentialbuthasrequested

areviewoftheefficacyandsafetytoconfirmthisdecision,ortoexpandusetoadditionalage

groups.


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ThelistingofamedicineontheEssentialMedicinesListcarriesnoassuranceasto

pharmaceuticalqualityofanindividualproduct.Itistheresponsibilityofeachlocal

regulatoryauthoritytoensurethateachbrandisofappropriatepharmaceuticalquality

(includingstability)andthat,whenrelevant,differentbrandsareinterchangeable.

Dosageformsofmedicinesarelistedinalphabeticalorderandthereisnoimplicationof

preferencefor

one

form

over

another.

Standard

treatment

guidelines

should

be

consulted

for

informationonappropriatedosageforms.

Entriesofthetypeoralliquidareintendedtopermitanysolution,suspensionorotherformof

liquid.Granulesorpowderforreconstitutionasanoralliquidmaysubstitutefororalliquids,

andtypicallycarrybenefitsintheformofbetterstabilityandlowertransportcosts.Ifmore

thanonetypeoforalliquidisavailableonthesamemarket(e.g.solution,suspension,

granulesorpowderforreconstitution),theymaybeinterchangedandinsuchcasesshould

bebioequivalent.Itispreferablethatoralliquidsdonotcontainsugarandthatsolutionsfor

childrendonotcontainalcohol.

Entriesofthetypetabletareintendedtoallowvariousformsofimmediatereleasetabletsuch

asscored,uncoated,filmcoated,crushable,chewable,dispersibleetc.Entericcoating,onthe

otherhand,modifiesdrugrelease,andentericcoatedproductsareamodifiedreleasedosage

form.Crushable,chewableanddispersibletabletsmaybeeasiertoadministertopaediatric

populationsandtotheelderly.


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1. ANAESTHETICS

1.1 General anaesthetics and oxygen

halothaneR Inhalation.

R Review for alternative inhalational agents.

ketamine

Injection:50

mg

(as

hydrochloride)/ml

in

10

ml

vial.

nitrousoxide Inhalation.

oxygen Inhalation(medicinalgas).

thiopental Powderforinjection:0.5g;1.0g(sodiumsalt)inampoule.

1.2 Local anaesthetics

bupivacaine

Injection:0.25%;0.5%(hydrochloride)invial.

Injectionforspinalanaesthesia:0.5%(hydrochloride)in

4mlampouletobemixedwith7.5%glucosesolution.

lidocaine

Injection:1%;

2%

(hydrochloride)

in

vial.

Injectionforspinalanaesthesia:5%(hydrochloride)in

2mlampouletobemixedwith7.5%glucosesolution.

Topicalforms:2%to4%(hydrochloride).

lidocaine+epinephrine

(adrenaline)

Dentalcartridge:2%(hydrochloride)+epinephrine1:80000.

Injection:1%;2%(hydrochloride)+epinephrine1:200000invial.

1.3 Preoperative medication and sedation for short-term procedures

atropineR

Injection:1mg(sulfate)in1mlampoule.

R Relevance to current clinical practice?

diazepamR

Injection:5mg/mlin2mlampoule.

Tablet:5mg.

R Alternatives such as midazolam preferable?

morphineR Injection:10mg(sulfateorhydrochloride)in1mlampoule.

R Need for review for the next meeting.

2. ANALGESICS, ANTI PY RETICS, NON-STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMATORYMEDICINES (NSAIMs), MEDICINES USED TO TREAT GOUT AND DISEASE

MODIFYI NG AGENTS IN RHEUMATOID DISORDERS (DMARDs)2.1 Non-opioids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIMs)

ibuprofena R

Tablet:200mg;400mg.

a >3 months.

R Use in children, focusing on comparative analgesic efficacy andsafety, include role of injection form in patent ductus arteriosus.

paracetamol*

Oralliquid:125mg/5ml.

Suppository:100mg.

Tablet:100mgto500mg.

*Notrecommendedforantiinflammatoryuseduetolackof

provenbenefittothateffect.


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ComplementaryList

acetylsalicylicacid*

Suppository:50mgto150mg.


*Foruseforrheumaticfever,juvenilearthritis,Kawasakidisease.

2.2 Opioid analgesics

codeine Tablet:15mg(phosphate).

morphine

Injection:10mg(morphinehydrochlorideormorphinesulfate)in

1mlampoule.

Oralliquid:10mg(morphinehydrochlorideormorphine

sulfate)/5ml.

Tablet:10mg(morphinesulfate).

Tablet(prolongedrelease):10mg;30mg;60mg(morphine

sulfate).

2.3 Medicines used to treat gout

2.4 Disease modifying agents used in rheumatoid disorders (DMARDs)R

R The Subcommittee noted that there is a need for medicines for the treatment of juvenile arthritis but did notendorse any of the currently listed medicines at this time, requesting a review of this section.

3. ANTIALLERGICS AND MEDICINES USED IN ANAPHYLAXIS

chlorphenamine

a R

Injection:10mg(hydrogenmaleate)in1mlampoule.

Oralliquid:2mg/5ml.

Tablet:4mg

(hydrogen

maleate).

a >1 year.

R Review of diphenhydramine to assess comparative efficacy and safetywith chlorphenamine as a possible preferable alternative.

dexamethasoneInjection:4mgdexamethasonephosphate(asdisodiumsalt)in

1mlampoule.

epinephrine(adrenaline)Injection:1mg(ashydrochlorideorhydrogentartrate)in

1mlampoule.

hydrocortisone Powderforinjection:100mg(assodiumsuccinate)invial.

prednisolone Oralliquid:5mg/ml.Tablet:5mg;25mg.

4. ANTIDOTES AND OTHER SUBSTANCES USED IN POISONINGS

4.1 Non-specific

charcoal,activated Powder.

4.2 Specific R

R The Subcommittee recommended that this section be reviewed for its next meeting.

acetylcysteine Injection:200mg/mlin10mlampoule.

atropine Injection:1mg(sulfate)in1mlampoule.

calciumgluconate Injection:100mg/mlin10mlampoule.


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deferoxamine Powderforinjection:500mg(mesilate)invial.

dimercaprol Injectioninoil:50mg/mlin2mlampoule.

naloxone Injection:400micrograms(hydrochloride)in1mlampoule.

penicillamineR Capsuleortablet:250mg.

R Comparative effectiveness and safety versus sodium calcium edetate.

sodiumcalciumedetateR Injection:200mg/mlin5mlampoule.

R Comparative effectiveness and safety versus penicillamine.

5. ANTICONVULSANTS/ ANTIEP ILEPTICS

carbamazepine


Tablet(chewable):100mg;200mg.

Tablet(scored):100mg;200mg.

diazepam

R

Injection:5mg/mlin2mlampoule(intravenousorrectal).

R Review of benzodiazepines as alternative to diazepam (specificallyconsider comparative efficacy and safety of lorazepam and midazolam inrelation to diazepam).

phenobarbital

Injection:200mg/ml(phenobarbitalsodium).

Oralliquid:15mg/5ml(phenobarbital)or5ml(phenobarbital

sodium).

Tablet:15mgto100mg(phenobarbital).

phenytoin

Capsule:25mg;50mg;100mg(sodiumsalt).

Injection:50mg/mlin5mlvial(sodiumsalt).

Oralliquid:25mgto30mg/5ml.*

Tablet:25mg;50mg;100mg(sodiumsalt).

Tablet(chewable):50mg.

*Thepresenceofboth25mg/5mland30mg/5mlstrengthson

thesamemarketwouldcauseconfusioninprescribingand

dispensingandshouldbeavoided.

valproicacid(sodiumvalproate)


Tablet(crushable):100mg.

Tablet(enteric

coated):

200

mg;

500

mg

(sodium

salt).

ComplementaryList

ethosuximideCapsule:250mg.


6. ANTI -INFECTIVE MEDICINES

6.1 Anthelminthics R

R Review evidence of efficacy and safety of use of anthelminth/antifilarial/antischistosomal and antitrematodemedicines in children below the specified age in current licences.

6 .1 .1 I n tes t i na l an the lm in t h i cs R

albendazole Tablet(chewable):400mg.


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levamisole Tablet:50mg;150mg(ashydrochloride).

mebendazole Tablet(chewable):100mg;500mg.

niclosamide*Tablet(chewable):500mg.

*Niclosamideislistedforusewhenpraziquanteltreatmentfails.

praziquantel

Tablet:150

mg;

600

mg.

pyrantelOralliquid:50mg(asembonate)/ml.

Tablet(chewable):250mg(asembonate).

6.1 .2 Ant i f i la r ia ls R

ivermectin Tablet(scored):3mg;6mg.

ComplementaryList

diethylcarbamazine Tablet:50mg;100mg(dihydrogencitrate).

6 .1 .3 An t i sch i s tosoma ls and an t i t r ema tode m ed icine R

praziquantel Tablet:600mg.

triclabendazole Tablet:250mg.

ComplementaryList

oxamniquine*

Capsule:250mg.


*Oxamniquineislistedforusewhenpraziquanteltreatmentfails.

6.2 Antibacterials

6.2 .1 Beta Lactam m ed ic ines

amoxicillin

Capsuleortablet:250mg;500mg(anhydrous).

Powderfororalliquid:125mg(anhydrous)/5ml;250mg

(anhydrous)/5ml.

amoxicillin+clavulanicacid

Oralliquid:125mgamoxicillin+31.25mgclavulanicacid/5ml

AND250mgamoxicillin+62.5mgclavulanicacid/5ml.

Tablet:500mg+125mg.

ampicillin Powderforinjection:500mg;1g(assodiumsalt)invial.

benzathinebenzylpenicillinPowder

for

injection:

900 mg

benzylpenicillin

(=1.2

million

IU)in

5mlvial;1.44gbenzylpenicillin(=2.4millionIU)in5mlvial.

benzylpenicillinPowderforinjection:600mg(=1millionIU);3g(=5millionIU)

(sodiumorpotassiumsalt)invial.

cefazolin*a

Powderforinjection:1g(assodiumsalt)invial.

*Forsurgicalprophylaxis.

a >1 month.

ceftriaxoneRPowderforinjection:250mg,1g(assodiumsalt)invial.

R

Review for safety of use in neonates.


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cloxacillin

Capsule:500mg;1g(assodiumsalt).

Powderforinjection:500mg(assodiumsalt)invial.

Powderfororalliquid:125mg(assodiumsalt)/5ml.

phenoxymethylpenicillin

Powderfororalliquid:250mg(aspotassiumsalt)/5ml.

Tablet:250mg(aspotassiumsalt).

procainebenzylpenicillina R

Powderforinjection:1g(=1millionIU);3g(=3millionIU)in

vial.

a Not in neonates />1 month.

R Review use of procaine penicillin in neonates.

ComplementaryList

ceftazidimeR

Powderforinjection:250mg(aspentahydrate)invial.

R Review the use of ceftazidime (predominantly for pseudomonasinfections) - are there preferred alternatives for use in children?

imipenem*+cilastatin*R

Powderforinjection:250mg(asmonohydrate)+250mg(assodium

salt);500mg(asmonohydrate)+500mg(assodiumsalt)invial.

*Onlylistedforthetreatmentoflifethreateninghospitalbasedinfection

duetosuspectedorprovenmultidrugresistantinfection.

R Review the use of meropenem and other penems as alternative toimipenem, specifically identifying agents useful in all age groups.

6.2 .2 Other an t ibacte r ia ls

azithromycin*a

Capsule:250mgor500mg.

Oralliquid:

200

mg/5

ml.

*Onlylistedfortrachoma.

a >6 months.

chloramphenicol

Capsule:250mg.

Oilysuspensionforinjection*:0.5g(assodiumsuccinate)/mlin

2mlampoule

*Onlyforthepresumptivetreatmentofepidemicmeningitisin

childrenolderthan2years.

Oral

liquid:

150

mg

(as

palmitate)/5

ml.

Powderforinjection:1g(sodiumsuccinate)invial.

ciprofloxacin*R

Tablet:250mg(ashydrochloride).

*OnlyfortreatmentofShigellainfections.

R Review of appropriate use of fluroquinolones in children.

doxycycline*R

Capsuleortablet:100mg(hydrochloride).

*Forthetreatmentofcholera.

R Review comparative safety and efficacy of tetracyclines (aretetracyclines other than doxycycline appropriate for this indication and

therefore a square box listing is appropriate?).


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erythromycinR

Capsuleortablet:250mg(asstearateorethylsuccinate).

Powderforinjection:500mg(aslactobionate)invial.

Powderfororalliquid:125mg(asstearateorethylsuccinate).

R Review macrolides used in children for specific indications and

whether erythromycin is the appropriate listed medicine. Review toconsider use in neonates (risk of pyloric stenosis with erythromycin),

relative toxicity and dosing compared to other macrolides. Include

consideration of use of other macrolides for rheumatic fever.

gentamicinR Injection:10mg;40mg(assulfate)/mlin2mlvial.

R Review of evidence on ototoxicity for the next meeting.

metronidazole

Injection:500mgin100mlvial.

Oralliquid:200mg(asbenzoate)/5ml.


nitrofurantoin

Oral

liquid:

25

mg/5

ml.

Tablet:100mg.

sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim

Injection:80mg+16mg/mlin5mland10mlampoules.

Oralliquid:200mg+40mg/5ml.

Tablet:100mg+20mg;400mg+80mg.

trimethoprima


Tablet:100mg;200mg.

a >6 months.

ComplementaryList

clindamycina

Capsule:150mg.

Injection:150mg(asphosphate)/ml.


a >1 month.

sulfadiazineR

Injection:250mg(sodiumsalt)in4mlampoule.

Tablet:500mg.

R Review on use of sulfadiazine in children - especially safety, efficacyand dosing in toxoplasmosis.

vancomycin Powderforinjection:250mg(ashydrochloride)invial.

6 .2 .3 An t i l ep rosy m ed icines

Medicinesusedinthetreatmentofleprosyshouldneverbeusedexceptincombination.Combination

therapyisessentialtopreventtheemergenceofdrugresistance.Colourcodedblisterpacks(MDT

blisterpacks)containingstandardtwomedicine(paucibacillaryleprosy)orthreemedicine

(multibacillaryleprosy)combinationsforadultandchildhoodleprosyshouldbeused.MDTblister

packscanbesuppliedfreeofchargethroughWHO.

clofazimine Capsule:50mg;100mg.

dapsone Tablet:25mg;50mg;100mg.

rifampicin Capsuleortablet:150mg;300mg.


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6 .2 .4 An t i tube rcu los is m ed icines R

R The Subcommittee requested a review of medicines used for TB in children, including evidence regardingdose, and alternatives for streptomycin.

ethambutol

Oralliquid:25mg/ml.

Tablet:100mg;400mg(hydrochloride).

isoniazid


Tablet:100mg;300mg.

Tablet(scored):50mg.

pyrazinamide

Oralliquid:30mg/ml.

Tablet:400mg.

Tablet(dispersible):150mg.

Tablet(scored):

150

mg.

rifampicinCapsuleortablet:150mg;300mg.

Oralliquid:20mg/ml.

rifampicin+isoniazid

Tablet:

60mg+30mg.

60mg+60mg(Forintermittentusethreetimesweekly).

rifampicin+isoniazid+

pyrazinamideTablet:60mg+30mg+150mg.

streptomycin

Powderfor

injection:

1g(as

sulfate)

in

vial.

ComplementaryList

Reservesecondlinedrugsforthetreatmentofmultidrugresistanttuberculosis(MDRTB)shouldbe

usedinspecializedcentresadheringtoWHOstandardsforTBcontrol.R

R The Subcommittee has included these in recognition of the need for medicines for MDR-TB in children, buthas not reviewed evidence at this meeting and therefore the section should be reviewed for the next meeting.

amikacin Powderforinjection:1000mginvial.

capreomycin Powderforinjection:1000mginvial.

cycloserine

Capsuleor

tablet:

250

mg.

ethionamide Tablet:125mg;250mg.

kanamycin Powderforinjection:1000mginvial.

ofloxacin*

Tablet:200mg;400mg.

*Levofloxacinmaybeanalternative basedonavailabilityand

programmeconsiderations.

paminosalicylicacidGranules:4ginsachet.

Tablet:500mg.


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6.3 Antifungal medicines

fluconazole

Capsule:50mg.

Injection:2mg/mlinvial.


griseofulvinCapsuleortablet:125mg;250mg.


nystatin

Lozenge:100000IU.

Oralliquid:50mg/5ml;100000IU/ml.

Tablet:100000IU;500000IU.

ComplementaryList

amphotericinB Powderforinjection:50mginvial.

flucytosineCapsule:250mg.

Infusion:2.5gin250ml.

potassiumiodide Saturatedsolution.

6.4 Antiviral medicines

6.4 .1 Ant iherpes med ic ines

aciclovir


Powderforinjection:250mg(assodiumsalt)invial.

Tablet:200mg.

6 .4 .2 An t i r e t r ov i r a l s

Basedoncurrentevidenceandexperienceofuse,medicinesinthefollowingthreeclassesof

antiretroviralsareincludedasessentialmedicinesfortreatmentandpreventionofHIV(preventionof

mothertochildtransmissionandpostexposureprophylaxis).TheSubcommitteeemphasizesthe

importanceofusingtheseproductsinaccordancewithglobalandnationalguidelines.The

Subcommitteerecommendsandendorsestheuseoffixeddosecombinationsandthedevelopmentof

appropriatenewfixeddosecombinations,includingmodifieddosageforms,nonrefrigerated

productsandpaediatricdosageformswithassuredpharmaceuticalquality.

TheSubcommitteenotesthatscoredtabletscanbeusedinchildrenandthereforecanbeconsidered

forinclusion

in

the

listing

of

tablets,

provided

adequate

quality

products

are

available.

6 .4 .2 .1 Nuc leos ide/ Nuc leo t i de reve rse t r anscr ip tase i nh ib i to r s

abacavir(ABC)Oralliquid:100mg(assulfate)/5ml.

Tablet:300mg(assulfate).

didanosine(ddI)

Bufferedpowderfororalliquid:100mg;167mg;250mgpackets.

Capsule(unbufferedentericcoated):125mg;200mg;250mg;

400mg.

Tablet(bufferedchewable,dispersible):25mg;50mg;100mg;

150

mg;

200

mg.


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emtricitabine(FTC)*a

Capsule:200mg.

Oralliquid:10mg/ml.

*FTCisanacceptablealternativeto3TC,basedonknowledgeof

thepharmacology,theresistancepatternsandclinicaltrialsof

antiretrovirals.

a >3 months.

lamivudine(3TC)Oralliquid:50mg/5ml.

Tablet:150mg.

stavudine(d4T)Capsule:15mg;20mg;30mg.

Powderfororalliquid:5mg/5ml.

zidovudine

(ZDV

or

AZT)

Capsule:100mg;250mg.


Solutionfor

IV

infusion

injection:

10

mg/ml

in

20

ml

vial.

Tablet:300mg.

6.4 .2 .2 Non-nuc leos ide reverse t ranscr ip t ase inh ib i t o rs

efavirenz(EFVorEFZ)a

Capsule:50mg;100mg;200mg.


Tablet:600mg.

a >3 years or >10 kg weight.

nevirapine(NVP)


Tablet:200mg.

6.4 .2 .3 Pro t ease inh ib i t o rs

Selectionofproteaseinhibitor(s)fromtheModelListwillneedtobedeterminedbyeachcountryafter

considerationofinternationalandnationaltreatmentguidelinesandexperience.Ritonaviris

recommendedforuseincombinationasapharmacologicalbooster,andnotasanantiretroviralinits

ownright.

Thissectionwillbereviewed.Itisexpectedthatapplicationforaheatstabletabletformulation

containing200/50mglopinavir+ritonavirwillbesubmittedforthenextmeeting.

lopinavir+ritonavir(LPV/r) Capsule:133.3mg+33.3mg.Oralliquid:400mg+100mg/5ml.

nelfinavir(NFV)Oralpowder:50mg/g.

Tablet:250mg(asmesilate).

ritonavirOralliquid:400mg/5ml.

Oralsoliddosageform:100mg.

saquinavir(SQV)a Capsule:200mg.

a >25 kg weight.


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FI XED-DOSE COMBI NATI ONS

stavudine+lamivudine+

nevirapine

Tablet:30mg+150mg+200mg.

zidovudine+lamivudine Tablet:300mg+150mg.

zidovudine+lamivudine

+

nevirapine

Tablet:300

mg

+150

mg

+200

mg.

6 .4 .3 Othe r an t i v i r a l s

ribavirin*

Injectionforintravenousadministration:800mgand1000mgin

10mlphosphatebuffersolution.

Oralsoliddosageforms:200mg;400mg;600mg.

*Forthetreatmentofviralhaemorrhagicfeversonly.

6.5 Antiprotozoal medicines

6.5 .1 Ant iam oeb ic and an t ig ia rd ias is m ed ic ines

diloxanidea R

Tablet:500mg(furoate).

a >25 kg weight.

R Review of effectiveness and safety for amoebiasis, with emphasis oncomparative efficacy, safety, and age limits compared with oralparomomycin.

metronidazole

Injection:500mgin100mlvial.

Oralliquid:200mg(asbenzoate)/5ml.


6.5 .2 Ant i le ishman ias is med ic ines

paromomycinSolutionforintramuscularinjection:750mgofparomomycin

basepresentasthesulfate.

sodiumstibogluconateor

meglumineantimoniate

Injection:100mg/ml,1vial=30mlor30%,equivalentto

approximately8.1%antimonyin5mlampoule.

ComplementaryList

amphotericinB Powderforinjection:50mginvial.

6 .5 .3 An t im a lar i a l m ed icines

6 .5 .3 .1 Fo r cu ra t i ve t r ea tmen t

MedicinesforthetreatmentofP.falciparummalariacasesshouldbeusedincombination. Thelist

currentlyrecommendscombinationsaccordingtotreatmentguidelines. TheSubcommittee

recognizesthatnotalloftheseFDCsexistandencouragestheirdevelopmentandrigoroustesting.

TheSubcommitteealsoencouragesdevelopmentandtestingofrectaldosageformulations.

amodiaquine*

Tablet:153mgor200mg(ashydrochloride).

*Tobeused(a)incombinationwithartesunate50mgOR

(b)maybeusedaloneforthetreatmentofP.vivax,P.ovaleand

P.malariaeinfections.

artemetherOilyinjection:80mg/mlin1mlampoule.

Foruseinthemanagementofseveremalaria.


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artemether+lumefantrine*

Tablet:20mg+120mg.

*Notrecommendedinthefirsttrimesterofpregnancyorin

childrenbelow5kg.

artesunate*

Injection:ampoules,containing60mganhydrousartesunicacid

withaseparateampouleof5%sodiumbicarbonatesolution.

Foruse

in

the

management

of

severe

malaria.

Rectaldosageform:50mg;200mgcapsules(forprereferral

treatmentofseveremalariaonly;patientsshouldbetakentoan

appropriatehealthfacilityforfollowupcare).

Tablet:50mg.

*Tobeusedincombinationwitheitheramodiaquine,mefloquine

orsulfadoxine+pyrimethamine.

chloroquine*

Oralliquid:50mg(asphosphateorsulfate)/5ml.

Tablet:100mg;150mg(asphosphateorsulfate).

*ForuseonlyincentralAmericanregions,foruseforP.vivax.

doxycycline*

Capsule:100mg(ashydrochloride).

Tablet(dispersible):100mg(asmonohydrate).

*Foruseonlyincombinationwithquinine.

mefloquine*Tablet:250mg(ashydrochloride).

*Tobeusedincombinationwithartesunate50mg.

primaquine*

Tablet:7.5mg;15mg(asdiphosphate).

*Only

for

use

to

achieve

radical

cure

of

P.vivaxandP.ovale

infections,givenfor14days.

quinine*

Injection:300mgquininehydrochloride/mlin2mlampoule.

Tablet:300mg(quininesulfate)or300mg(quininebisulfate).

*Foruseonlyinthemanagementofseveremalaria,andshould

beusedincombinationwithdoxycycline.

sulfadoxine+pyrimethamine*Tablet:500mg+25mg.

*Onlyincombinationwithartesunate50mg.

6.5 .3 .2 For p roph y lax is

chloroquine*

Oralliquid:50mg(asphosphateorsulfate)/5ml.

Tablet:150mg(asphosphateorsulfate).

*ForuseonlyincentralAmericanregions,foruseforP.vivax.

doxycyclinea Capsuleortablet:100mg(ashydrochloride).

a >8 years.

mefloquinea Tablet:250mg(ashydrochloride).

a >5 kg or >3 months.

proguanil*Tablet:100mg(ashydrochloride).

*Foruseonlyincombinationwithchloroquine.


16/32


6 .5 .4 An t i - pneum ocys tosi s and an t i t oxop lasm os is med ic ines

pyrimethamine Tablet:25mg.

sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim

Injection:80mg+16mg/mlin5mlampoule;

80mg+16mg/mlin10mlampoule.

Oralliquid:

200

mg

+40

mg/5

ml.

Tablet:100mg+20mg;400mg+80mg.

6 .5 .5 An t i t r y panosom a l med ic ines R

R The Subcommittee requested a review of evidence for effectiveness and safety for medicines fortrypanosomiasis in children for the next meeting.

6 .5 .5 .1 A f r i can t r y panosom iasi s

Medicinesforthetreatmentof1ststageAfricantrypanosomiasis

pentamidine*

Powderforinjection:200mg(pentamidineisetionate)invial.

*To

be

used

for

the

treatment

of

Trypanosomabruceigambiense

infection.

suraminsodium* Powderforinjection:1ginvial.

*Tobeusedforthetreatmentoftheinitialphaseof

Trypanosomabruceirhodesienseinfection.

Medicinesforthetreatmentof2ndstageAfricantrypanosomiasis

eflornithine Injection:200mg(hydrochloride)/mlin100mlbottle.

melarsoprol Injection:3.6%solution,5mlampoules(180mgofactive

compound).

6 .5 .5 .2 Amer i can t r ypanosomias i s

benznidazole Tablet:100mg.

nifurtimox Tablet:30mg;120mg;250mg.

7. ANTIM IGRAINE MEDICINES

7.1 For treatment of acute attack

ibuprofen Tablet:200mg;400mg.

paracetamol

Syrup:125mg/5ml.


7.2 For prophylaxis

propranolol Tablet:20mg;40mg(hydrochloride).


17/32


8. ANTINEOPLASTIC, IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVES AND MEDICINES USED INPALLI ATIVE CARE R

R The Subcommittee noted that these immunosuppressives and cytotoxics are essential for children butrequested that these medicines be reviewed for the next meeting.

8.1 Immunosuppressive medicines

ComplementaryList

azathioprinePowderforinjection:100mg(assodiumsalt)invial.

Tablet:50mg.

ciclosporin

Capsule:25mg.

Concentrateforinjection:50mg/mlin1mlampoulefororgan

transplantation.

8.2 Cytotoxic med icines

ComplementaryList

allopurinol Tablet:100mgto300mg.

asparaginase Powderforinjection:10000IUinvial.

bleomycin Powderforinjection:15mg(assulfate)invial.

calciumfolinateInjection:3mg/mlin10mlampoule.

Tablet:15mg.

chlorambucil Tablet:2mg.

cisplatin Powderforinjection:10mg;50mginvial.

cyclophosphamide Powderforinjection:500

mg

in

vial.

Tablet:25mg.

cytarabine Powderforinjection:100mginvial.

dacarbazine Powderforinjection:100mginvial.

dactinomycin Powderforinjection:500microgramsinvial.

daunorubicin Powderforinjection:50mg(ashydrochloride).

doxorubicin Powderforinjection:10mg;50mg(hydrochloride)invial.

etoposideCapsule:100mg.


fluorouracil Injection:50mg/mlin5mlampoule.

mercaptopurine Tablet:50mg.

methotrexatePowderforinjection:50mg(assodiumsalt)invial.

Tablet:2.5mg(assodiumsalt).

procarbazine Capsule:50mg(ashydrochloride).

vinblastine Powderforinjection:10mg(sulfate)invial.

vincristine Powderforinjection:1mg;5mg(sulfate)invial.


18/32


8.3 Hormones and antihormones

ComplementaryList

dexamethasoneInjection:4mgdexamethasonephosphate(asdisodiumsalt)in

1mlampoule.

hydrocortisone Powderforinjection:100mg(assodiumsuccinate)invial.

prednisolone*

Oralliquid:5mg/ml.

Tablet:5mg;25mg.

*Prednisoneshouldbeconsideredequivalenttoprednisolone.

8.4 Medicines used in palliative care

TheWHOExpertCommitteerecognizestheimportanceoflistingspecificmedicinesinthePalliative

CareSection. Somemedicinescurrentlyusedinpalliativecareareincludedintherelevantsectionsof

theModelList,accordingtotheirtherapeuticuse,e.g.analgesics. TheGuidelinesforPalliativeCare

thatwerereferencedinthepreviouslistareinneedofupdate. TheExpertCommitteeexpects

applicationsformedicinesneededforpalliativecaretobesubmittedforthenextmeeting.

9. ANTIP ARKINSONISM MEDICINES

10. MEDICINES AFFECTING THE BLOOD

10.1 Antianaemia medicines

TheSubcommitteeproposedareviewoftheevidenceforappropriatedosecombinationsofironand

folicacidforchildrenforconsiderationatitsnextmeeting.

ferroussaltOralliquid:equivalentto25mgelementaliron/ml.

Tablet:equivalentto60mgiron.

folicacid

Tablet:

1mg;

5mg.

hydroxocobalamin Injection:1mgin1mlampoule.

10.2 Medicines affecting coagulation

phytomenadioneInjection:1mg/ml;10mg/mlin5mlampoule.

Tablet:10mg.

ComplementaryList

heparinsodium Injection:1000IU/ml;5000IU/ml;20,000IU/mlin1mlampoule.

protaminesulfate Injection:10mg/mlin5mlampoule.

warfarin Tablet:0.5mg;1.0mg;2.0mg;5.0mg(sodiumsalt).

11. BLOOD PRODUCTS AND P LASMA SUBSTITUTES

11.1 Plasma substitutes R

R The Subcommittee requested a review to determine whether these medicines are essential for children.


19/32


11.2 Plasma fractions for specific use

AllplasmafractionsshouldcomplywiththeWHORequirementsfortheCollection,Processingand

QualityControlofBlood,BloodComponentsandPlasmaDerivatives(Revised1992).(WHOTechnical

ReportSeries,No.840,1994,Annex2).

ComplementaryList

humannormal

immunoglobulin

Intramuscularadministration:16%proteinsolution.*

Intravenousadministration:5%;10%proteinsolution.**

Subcutaneousadministration:15%; 16%proteinsolution.*

* Indicatedforprimaryimmunedeficiency.

**IndicatedforprimaryimmunedeficiencyandKawasakidisease.

factorVIIIconcentrate Dried.

factorIXcomplex(coagulation

factors,II,VII,IX,X)concentrateDried.

12. CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINES

12.1 Antianginal medicines

12.2 Antiarrhythmic medicines R

R The Subcommittee noted the potential importance of these medicines in children but requested a review ofthe section before endorsing any medicine as essential.

12.3 Antihypertensive medicines R


12.4 Medicines used in heart failure R

RThe Subcommittee noted the potential importance of these medicines in children but requested a review ofthe section for the next meeting.

digoxin

Injection:250micrograms/mlin2mlampoule.

Oralliquid:50micrograms/ml.

Tablet:62.5micrograms;250micrograms.

furosemide



Tablet:40mg.

ComplementaryList

dopamineR

Injection:40mg(hydrochloride)in5mlvial.

RReview of safety and efficacy and place in therapy of dopamine inchildren.

12.5 Antithrombotic medicinesR

RThe Subcommittee noted the potential importance of these medicines in children but requested a review ofthe section before endorsing any medicine as essential.

12.6 Lipid-lowering agents R



20/32


13. DERMATOLOGICAL MEDICINES (topical) R

RThe Subcommittee noted the need for a review of this section with alternative possible additions to the list.

13.1 Antifungal medicines

benzoicacid+salicylicacid Ointmentorcream:6%+3%.

miconazole

Ointment

or

cream:

2%

(nitrate).

ComplementaryList

seleniumsulfide Detergentbasedsuspension:2%.

13.2 Anti-infective medicines

methylrosaniliniumchloride

(gentianviolet)R

Aqueoussolution:0.5%.

Tincture:0.5%.

RReview of new evidence from ongoing trials.

neomycinsulfate+bacitracin Ointment:5mgneomycinsulfate+250IUbacitracinzinc/g.

potassiumpermanganate Aqueoussolution:1:10000.

silversulfadiazineaCream:1%,in500gcontainer.

a >2 months.

13.3 Anti-inflammatory and antipruritic medicines

betamethasonea Creamorointment:0.1%(asvalerate).

a Hydrocortisone preferred in neonates.

calaminelotion Lotion.

hydrocortisone

Creamor

ointment:

1%

(acetate).

13.4 Astringent medicines R

RThe Subcommittee requested a review to determine whether these medicines are essential for children.

13.5 Medicines affecting skin differentiation and proliferation

benzoylperoxide Creamorlotion:5%.

coaltar Solution:5%.

dithranol Ointment:0.1%to2.0%.

podophyllumresin Solution:10%to25%.

salicylicacid Solution:5%.

urea Creamorointment:10%.

13.6 Scabicides and pediculicides

benzylbenzoatea R

Lotion:25%.

a >2 years.

RReview of alternatives to benzyl benzoate for use in younger children(possible role for sulphur-based preparations in younger children).

permethrin

Cream:5%.

Lotion:1%.


21/32


14. DIAGNOSTIC AGENTS

14.1 Ophthalmic medicines

fluorescein Eyedrops:1%(sodiumsalt).

tropicamide Eyedrops:0.5%.

14.2 Radiocontrast media RR The Subcommittee requested a review of possible alternative contrast agents for use in children.

ComplementaryList

bariumsulfate Aqueoussuspension.

15. DISINFECTANTS AND ANTISEPTI CS

15.1 Antiseptics

chlorhexidine Solution:5%(digluconate)fordilution.

ethanol Solution:70%(denatured).

polyvidoneiodine Solution:10%.

15.2 Disinfectants

chlorinebasecompound Powder:(0.1%availablechlorine)forsolution.

chloroxylenol Solution:4.8%.

glutaral Solution:2%.

16. DIURETICS

furosemide



Tablet:10mg;20mg;40mg.

ComplementaryList

hydrochlorothiazide Tablet(scored):25mg.

mannitolR Injectablesolution:10%;20%.

RReview of comparative efficacy, safety and place in therapy ofmannitol in children.

spironolactoneR

Oralliquid:1to20mg/ml.

Tablet:25mg.

RReview of comparative efficacy, safety and place in therapy ofspironolactone in children.

17. GASTROINTESTINAL MEDICINES

17.1 Antacids and other antiulcer medicines

aluminiumhydroxideOralliquid:320mg/5ml.

Tablet:500mg.

magnesiumhydroxide Oralliquid:equivalentto550mgmagnesiumoxide/10ml.


22/32


ranitidine



Tablet:150mg(ashydrochloride).

17.2 Antiemetic medicines

metoclopramidea

Injection:

5

mg

(hydrochloride)/ml

in

2

ml

ampoule.

Oralliquid:5mg/5ml.

Tablet:10mg(hydrochloride).

a Not in neonates.

promethazinea

Injection:25mg(hydrochloride)/mlin2mlampoule.

Oralliquid:5mg(hydrochloride)/5ml.

Tablet:10mg;25mg(hydrochloride).

a >2 years.

17.3 Anti-inflammatory medicines

17.4 Laxatives R


17.5 Medicines used in diarrhoea

17 .5 .1 Ora l r ehyd ra t i on

oralrehydrationsalts

glucose: 75mEq

sodium: 75mEqormmol/l

chloride: 65mEqormmol/l

potassium:

20mEq

or

mmol/l

citrate: 10mmol/l

osmolarity: 245mOsm/l

glucose: 13.5g/l

sodiumchloride: 2.6g/l

potassiumchloride: 1.5g/l

trisodiumcitratedihydrate+: 2.9g/l

+trisodiumcitratedihydratemaybereplacedbysodiumhydrogen

carbonate(sodiumbicarbonate)2.5g/l.However,asthestabilityofthis

latterformulationisverypoorundertropicalconditions,itisonly

recommendedwhenmanufacturedforimmediateuse.

17.5 .2 Med ic ines fo r d ia r rhoea in ch i ld ren

zincsulfate*R

Oralliquid:in10mgperunitdosageforms.

Tablet:in10mgperunitdosageforms.

*Inacutediarrhoeazincsulfateshouldbeusedasanadjunctto

oralrehydrationsalts.

R Review of availability of appropriate dosage forms.

17 .5 .3 An t i d ia r rhoea l ( sym p tom a t i c ) m ed icines i n adu l t s


23/32


18. HORMONES, OTHER ENDOCRINE MEDICINES AND CONTRACEPTIVES

18.1 Adrenal hormones and synthetic substitutes R

R The Subcommittee noted the need for adrenal hormones and requested that appropriate products bereviewed for possible inclusion.

18.2 Androgens

18.3 Contraceptives

18 .3 .1 Ora l ho rm ona l con t racep t i ves

18 .3 .2 I n jec tab le ho rmona l con t racep t i ves

18 .3 .3 I n t r au te r i ne dev i ces

18 .3 .4 Ba r r i e r m e thods

18.3.5 Implantable contraceptives

18.4 Estrogens

18.5 Insulins and other antidiabetic agents

insulininjection(soluble) Injection:40IU/mlin10mlvial;100IU/mlin10mlvial.

intermediateactinginsulinInjection:40IU/mlin10mlvial;100IU/mlin10mlvial

(ascompoundinsulinzincsuspensionorisophaneinsulin).

ComplementaryList

metforminR Tablet:500mg(hydrochloride).

RReview of public health relevance of this medicine in children.

18.6 Ovulation inducers

18.7 Progestogens

18.8 Thyroid hormones and antithyroid medicines

levothyroxineTablet:25micrograms;50micrograms;100micrograms

(sodiumsalt).

ComplementaryList

Lugolssolution Oralliquid:about130mgtotaliodine/ml.

potassiumiodide Tablet:60mg.

propylthiouracilR

Tablet:50mg.

R Review of use of propylthiouracil in children and appropriateness ofcarbimazole as an alternative.

19. IMMUNOLOGICALS

19.1 Diagnostic agents

AlltuberculinsshouldcomplywiththeWHORequirementsforTuberculins(Revised1985).WHO

ExpertCommitteeonBiologicalStandardization.Thirtysixthreport.(WHOTechnicalReportSeries,

No.745,1987,Annex1).

tuberculin,purifiedprotein

derivative

(PPD)

Injection.


24/32


19.2 Sera and immunoglobulins

AllplasmafractionsshouldcomplywiththeWHORequirementsfortheCollection,Processingand

QualityControlofBlood,BloodComponentsandPlasmaDerivatives(Revised1992).WHOExpert

CommitteeonBiologicalStandardization.Fortythirdreport.(WHOTechnicalReportSeries,No.840,

1994,Annex2).

antitetanusimmunoglobulin

(human)Injection:

500

IU

in

vial.

antivenomimmunoglobulin*Injection.

*Exacttypetobedefinedlocally.

diphtheriaantitoxin Injection:10000IU;20000IUinvial.

rabiesimmunoglobulin Injection:150IU/mlinvial.

19.3 Vaccines

SelectionofvaccinesfromtheModelListwillneedtobedeterminedbyeachcountryafter

consideration

of

international

recommendations,

epidemiology

and

national

priorities.

The

list

below

detailsthevaccinesforwhichthereiseitherarecommendationfromtheStrategicAdvisoryGroupof

ExpertsonImmunization(SAGE)

(http://www.who.int/immunization/sage_conclusions/en/index.html)and/oraWHOpositionpaper

(http://www.who.int/immunization/documents/positionpapers/en/index.html).Thissitewillbe

updatedasnewpositionpapersarepublishedandcontainsthemostrecentinformationand

recommendations.AllvaccinesshouldcomplywiththeWHORequirementsforBiological

Substances.

TheSubcommitteenotedtheneedforvaccinesusedinchildrentobepolyvalent.

BCGvaccine

choleravaccine

diphtheriavaccine

hepatitisAvaccine

hepatitisBvaccine

Haemophilusinfluenzaetypeb

vaccine

influenzavaccine

Japaneseencephalitisvaccine

measlesvaccine

meningococcalmeningitis

vaccine

mumpsvaccine

pertussisvaccine

pneumococcalvaccine

poliomyelitisvaccine

rabiesvaccine

rotavirusvaccine


25/32


rubellavaccine

tetanusvaccine

typhoidvaccine

varicellavaccine

yellowfever

vaccine

20. MUSCLE RELAXANTS (PERIPHERALLY-ACTING) ANDCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS R

R The Subcommittee recommended a review of the alternatives available for use in children.

neostigmine

Injection:500microgramsin1mlampoule;2.5mg(metilsulfate)

in1mlampoule.

Tablet:15mg(bromide).

suxamethoniumInjection:50mg(chloride)/mlin2mlampoule.

Powder

for

injection:

(chloride),

in

vial.

vecuronium Powderforinjection:10mg(bromide)invial.

ComplementaryList

pyridostigmineInjection:1mgin1mlampoule.

Tablet:60mg(bromide).

21. OPHTHALMOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS R

R The Subcommittee requested a review of newer medicines for potential additions to this list.

21.1 Anti-infective agents

aciclovir Ointment:3%W/W.

gentamicin Solution(eyedrops):0.3%(sulfate).

tetracycline Eyeointment:1%(hydrochloride).

21.2 Anti-inflammatory agents

prednisolone Solution(eyedrops):0.5%(sodiumphosphate).

21.3 Local anaesthetics

tetracaineaSolution(eyedrops):0.5%(hydrochloride).

a Not in preterm neonates.

21.4 Miotics and antiglaucoma medicines

21.5 Mydriatics

atropine*a

Solution(eyedrops):0.1%;0.5%;1%(sulfate).

*ORhomatropineorcyclopentolate.

a >3 months.

ComplementaryList

epinephrine(adrenaline)R

Solution(eyedrops):2%(ashydrochloride).

R Review of anti-infective eye drops, identifying which are mostappropriate for use in children.


26/32


22. OXYTOCICS AND ANTIOXYTOCICS

22.1 Oxytocics

22.2 Antioxytocics (tocolytics)

23. PERITONEAL DIALY SIS SOLUTION

ComplementaryList

intraperitonealdialysis

solution(ofappropriate

composition)

Parenteralsolution.

24. PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC MEDICINES

24.1 Medicines used in psychotic disorders R

RThe Subcommittee requested a review of appropriate antipsychotics for use in children.

chlorpromazine

Injection:25mg(hydrochloride)/mlin2mlampoule.

Oral

liquid:

25

mg

(hydrochloride)/5

ml.

Tablet:10mg;25mg;50mg;100mg(hydrochloride).

haloperidol

Injection:5mgin1mlampoule.

Oralliquid:2mg/ml.

Oralsoliddosageform:0.5mg;2.0mg;5.0mg.

24.2 Medicines used in mood disorders

24.2 .1 Med ic ines used in depress ive d isorders

ComplementaryList

fluoxetineaCapsuleortablet:20mg(presentashydrochloride).

a >8 years.

24.2 .2 Med ic ines used in b ipo la r d isorders R


24.3 Medicines used in generalized anxiety and sleep disorders R


24.4 Medicines used for obsessive compu lsive disorders and panic attacks R


24.5 Medicines used in substance dependence programmes R

R The Subcommittee noted the potential importance of these medicines, particularly in neonates, butrequested an assessment of the evidence before endorsing any medicine as essential.

25. MEDICINES ACTING ON THE RESPIRATORY TRACT

25.1 Antiasthmatic and medicines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

budesonideInhalation(aerosol):50microgramsperdose(dipropionate);

250micrograms(dipropionate)perdose.

epinephrine(adrenaline)Injection:1mg(ashydrochlorideorhydrogentartrate)in

1mlampoule.


27/32


salbutamol

Injection:50micrograms(assulfate)/mlin5mlampoule.

Metereddose inhaler (aerosol): 100 micrograms (as sulfate) per

dose.

Oralliquid:2mg/5ml.

R Review of the place in therapy of oral salbutamol preparations in

children, with particular emphasis on efficacy and safety in asthma andin the wheezy child with acute respiratory tract infection.

Respiratorsolutionforuseinnebulizers:5mg(assulfate)/ml.

Tablet:2mg;4mg(assulfate).

R As for oral liquid.

25.2 Other medicines acting on the respiratory tract

caffeinecitrateInjection:20mg/ml(equivalentto10mgcaffeinebase/ml).

Oralliquid:20mg/ml(equivalentto10mgcaffeinebase/ml).

26. SOLUTIONS CORRECTING WATER, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID-BASEDISTURBANCES

26.1 Oral

oralrehydrationsalts Seesection17.5.1.

potassiumchloride Powderforsolution.

26.2 Parenteral

glucose Injectablesolution:5%;10%isotonic;50%hypertonic.

glucosewithsodiumchloride

Injectablesolution:4%glucose,0.18%sodiumchloride

(equivalent

to

Na+

30

mmol/l,

Cl

30

mmol/l);

5%

glucose,

0.9%

sodiumchloride(equivalentto150mmol/lNa+and150mmol/l

Cl); 5%glucose,0.45%sodiumchloride(equivalentto75mmol/l

Na+and75mmol/lCl).

potassiumchlorideSolution:11.2%in20mlampoule

(equivalenttoK+1.5mmol/ml,Cl1.5mmol/ml).

sodiumchlorideInjectablesolution:0.9%isotonic(equivalenttoNa+154mmol/l,

Cl154mmol/l).

sodiumhydrogen

carbonate

Injectablesolution:1.4%isotonic(equivalenttoNa+167mmol/l,

HCO3 167mmol/l).

Solution:8.4%in10mlampoule(equivalenttoNa+1000mmol/l,

HCO31000mmol/l).

sodiumlactate,compound

solutionInjectablesolution.

26.3 Miscellaneous

waterforinjection 2ml;5ml;10mlampoules.

27. VITAMI NS AND MINERALS R

R The Subcommittee noted the need for a review of this section of the list to meet public health needs in

children.

ascorbicacid Tablet:50mg.


28/32


cholecalciferol*

Capsuleortablet:400IU;1000IU.

Oralliquid:400IU/ml.

*Ergocalciferolcanbeusedasanalternative.

iodine

Capsule:200mg.

Iodized

oil:

1

ml

(480

mg

iodine);

0.5

ml

(240

mg

iodine)

in

ampoule(oralorinjectable);0.57ml(308mgiodine)indispenser

bottle.

pyridoxine Tablet:25mg(hydrochloride).

retinol

Capsule:50000IU;100000IU;200000IU(aspalmitate).

Oraloilysolution:100000IU(aspalmitate)/mlinmultidose

dispenser.

Tablet(sugarcoated):10000IU(aspalmitate).

Watermiscibleinjection:100000IU(aspalmitate)in

2ml

ampoule.

riboflavin Tablet:5mg.

sodiumfluoride Inanyappropriatetopicalformulation.

thiamine Tablet:50mg(hydrochloride).

ComplementaryList

calciumgluconate Injection:100mg/mlin10mlampoule.


29/32


Table1:Medicineswithagerestrictions

atropine >3months

azithromycin

>6months

benzylbenzoate >2years

betamethasonetopicalpreparations Hydrocortisonepreferredinneonates

cefazolin >1month

chlorphenamine >1year

clindamycin >1month

diloxanide >25kgweight

doxycyline >8years

efavirenz >3yearsor>10kgweight

emtricitabine >3months

fluoxetine >8years

ibuprofen >3months

mefloquine >5kgor>3months

metoclopramide Notinneonates

procainebenzylpenicillin Notinneonates/>1month

promethazine >2years

saquinavir >25kgweight

silversulfadiazine >2months

tetracaine Notinpretermneonates

trimethoprim

>6months


30/32


INDEX

abacavir(ABC).................................................. . 10

acetylcysteine............ ........................................... 4

acetylsalicylicacid.................................................. 4

aciclovir ........................................................ 10,23

albendazole .......................................................... 5

allopurinol................................................. ........... 15

aluminiumhydroxide....................................... 19

amikacin ........................................................ ......... 9

amodiaquine .................................................... .. 12

amoxicillin.......................................................... .. 6

amoxicillin+clavulanicacid.............................. 6

amphotericinB ............................................... 10,12

ampicillin................................ .............................. 6

antitetanusimmunoglobulin(human)........... 22

antivenomimmunoglobulin............................ 22

artemether .......................................................... 12

artemether+lumefantrine ............................... 13

artesunate ........................................................... 13

ascorbicacid................. ...................................... 25

asparaginase........................................................ . 15

atropine....................................................... 3,4,23

azathioprine............................................... ........... 15

azithromycin ........................................................ 7

bariumsulfate ..................................................... . 19

BCGvaccine ....................................................... 22

benzathinebenzylpenicillin......... ...................... 6

benznidazole...................................................... 14

benzoicacid+salicylicacid ............................. 18

benzoylperoxide..... .......................................... 18

benzylbenzoate....... .......................................... 18

benzylpenicillin ................................................... 6

betamethasone................................................... 18

bleomycin .................................................. ........... 15

budesonide.......................... ............................... 24

bupivacaine.......................................................... 3

caffeinecitrate......................... ........................... 25

calaminelotion .................................................. 18

calciumfolinate ................................................... . 15

calciumgluconate ......................................... 4,26

capreomycin ........................................................... 9

carbamazepine............................... ...................... 5

cefazolin.......................................... ...................... 6

ceftazidime .................................................... ......... 7

ceftriaxone............................................................ 6

charcoal,activated............................................... 4

chlorambucil....................................................... .. 15

chloramphenicol......................... ......................... 7

chlorhexidine ..................................................... 19

chlorine

base

compound .................................. 19

chloroquine ........................................................ 13

chloroxylenol ..................................................... 19

chlorphenamine................................................... 4

chlorpromazine ................................................. 24

cholecalciferol.................................................... 26

choleravaccine .................................................. 22

ciclosporin............................................................ 15

ciprofloxacin ........................................................ 7

cisplatin................................................................ 15

clindamycin ........................................................... 8

clofazimine........................................................... 8

cloxacillin ............................................................. 7

coaltar ......................................................... ....... 18

codeine.................................................................. 4

cyclophosphamide ................................................ 15

cycloserine.............................................................. 9

cytarabine............................................................. 15

dacarbazine .......................................................... 15

dactinomycin........................................................ 15

dapsone ................................................................ 8

daunorubicin........................................................ 15

deferoxamine....................................................... 5

dexamethasone.............................................. 4,16

diazepam.......................................................... 3,5

didanosine(ddI)................................................ 10

diethylcarbamazine ................................................ 6

digoxin................................................................ 17

diloxanide........................................................... 12

dimercaprol.......................................................... 5

diphtheria

antitoxin.......................................... 22

diphtheriavaccine............................................. 22

dithranol............................................................. 18

dopamine.............................................................. 17

doxorubicin .......................................................... 15

doxycycline .................................................... 7,13

efavirenz(EFVorEFZ)..................................... 11

eflornithine......................................................... 14

emtricitabine(FTC)........................................... 11

epinephrine(adrenaline).........................4,23,24

erythromycin ....................................................... 8

ethambutol........................................................... 9

ethanol ........................................................ ........ 19

ethionamide............................................................ 9

ethosuximide .......................................................... 5

etoposide............................................................... 15

factorIXcomplex(coagulationfactors,II,VII,IX,

X)concentrate................................................. 17

factorVIIIconcentrate ......................................... 17

ferroussalt.......................................................... 16

fluconazole......................................................... 10

flucytosine............................................................ 10

fluorescein.......................................................... 19

fluorouracil .......................................................... 15

fluoxetine ............................................................. 24

folicacid ..................................................... ........ 16


31/32


furosemide ................................................... 17,19

gentamicin...................................................... 8,23

glucose ........................................................ ........ 25

glucosewithsodiumchloride ......................... 25

glutaral...................................... .......................... 19

griseofulvin ...................................................... .. 10

Haemophilusinfluenzae

type

b

vaccine............. 22

haloperidol......................................................... 24

halothane .............................................................. 3

heparinsodium.................................................... . 16

hepatitisAvaccine ............................................ 22

hepatitisBvaccine.................................... ......... 22

humannormalimmunoglobulin.......................... 17

hydrochlorothiazide.............................................. 19

hydrocortisone......................................... 4,16,18

hydroxocobalamin ............................................ 16

ibuprofen........................................................ 3,14

imipenem+cilastatin ............................................. 7

influenzavaccine........................... .................... 22

insulininjection(soluble)................................. 21

intermediateactinginsulin.............................. 21

intraperitonealdialysissolution(ofappropriate

composition) ................................................... . 24

iodine ............................................................ ...... 26

isoniazid ............................................................... 9

ivermectin............................................................ . 6

Japaneseencephalitisvaccine.......................... 22

kanamycin..................................................... ......... 9

ketamine ............................................................... 3

lamivudine(3TC) .............................................. 11

levamisole............................................................. 6

levothyroxine..................................................... 21

lidocaine ...................................................... ......... 3

lidocaine+epinephrine(adrenaline)................ 3

lopinavir+ritonavir(LPV/r)............................ 11

Lugolssolution .................................................. . 21

magnesiumhydroxide...................................... 19

mannitol........................................................ ....... 19

measlesvaccine ................................................. 22

mebendazole........................................................ 6

mefloquine ......................................................... 13

melarsoprol ........................................................ 14

meningococcalmeningitisvaccine ................. 22

mercaptopurine ................................................... . 15

metformin.................................................. ........... 21

methotrexate....................................................... .. 15

methylrosaniliniumchloride(gentianviolet)18

metoclopramide................................................. 20

metronidazole................................................ 8,12

miconazole ......................................................... 18

morphine .......................................................... 3,

4

mumpsvaccine...................... ............................ 22

naloxone ............................................................... 5

nelfinavir(NFV) ................................................ 11

neomycinsulfate+ bacitracin .......................... 18

neostigmine........................................................ 23

nevirapine(NVP) .............................................. 11

niclosamide.......................................................... 6

nifurtimox .......................................................... 14

nitrofurantoin ...................................................... 8

nitrous

oxide........................................................ 3

nystatin............................................................... 10

ofloxacin................................................................. 9

oralrehydrationsalts.................................. 20,25

oxamniquine .......................................................... 6

oxygen .................................................................. 3

paminosalicylicacid.............................................. 9

paracetamol.................................................... 3,14

paromomycin..................................................... 12

penicillamine ....................................................... 5

pentamidine....................................................... 14

permethrin ......................................................... 18

pertussisvaccine ............................................... 22

phenoxymethylpenicillin ................................... 7

phenytoin ............................................................. 5

phytomenadione ............................................... 16

pneumococcalvaccine...................................... 22

podophyllumresin ........................................... 18

poliomyelitisvaccine ........................................ 22

polyvidoneiodine............................................. 19

potassiumchloride............................................ 25

potassiumiodide ............................................ 10,21

potassium

permanganate................................. 18

praziquantel......................................................... 6

prednisolone .............................................4,16,23

primaquine......................................................... 13

procaine benzylpenicillin................................... 7

procarbazine......................................................... 15

proguanil............................................................ 13

promethazine..................................................... 20

propranolol ........................................................ 14

propylthiouracil ................................................... 21

protaminesulfate ................................................. 16

pyrantel ................................................................ 6

pyrazinamide....................................................... 9

pyridostigmine ..................................................... 23

pyridoxine.......................................................... 26

pyrimethamine .................................................. 14

quinine................................................................ 13

rabiesimmunoglobulin.................................... 22

rabiesvaccine..................................................... 22

ranitidine............................................................ 20

retinol.................................................................. 26

ribavirin.............................................................. 12

riboflavin............................................................ 26

rifampicin......................................................... 8,9

rifampicin+isoniazid......................................... 9

rifampicin+isoniazid+pyrazinamide ............ 9


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ritonavir .............................................................. 11

rotavirusvaccine ............................................... 22

rubellavaccine................................................... 23

salbutamol........................................................ .. 25

salicylicacid....................................................... 18

saquinavir(SQV)............................................... 11

seleniumsulfide .................................................. . 18

silversulfadiazine ............................................. 18

sodiumcalciumhenobar .................................... 5

sodiumchloride................................................. 25

sodiumfluoride................................................. 26

sodiumhydrogencarbonate............................ 25

sodiumlactate,compoundsolution ............... 25

sodiumstibogluconateor meglumine

antimoniate.................................................... 12

spironolactone ..................................................... . 19

stavudine(d4T).................................................. 11

stavudine

+

lamivudine

+

nevirapine............. 12

streptomycin ........................................................ 9

sulfadiazine ................................................... ......... 8

sulfadoxine+pyrimethamine.......................... 13

sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim............... 8,14

suraminsodium ................................................ 14

suxamethonium........................ ......................... 23

tetanusvaccine .................................................. 23

tetracaine ............................................................ 23

tetracycline......................................................... 23

thiamine.............................................................. 26

thiopental ............................................................. 3

triclabendazole .................................................... 6

trimethoprim ....................................................... 8

tropicamide........................................................ 19

tuberculin,purifiedproteinderivative(PPD)21

typhoidvaccine ................................................. 23

urea ..................................................................... 18

valproicacid(sodiumvalproate)...................... 5

vancomycin............................................................ 8

varicellavaccine ................................................ 23

vecuronium........................................................ 23

vinblastine............................................................ 15

vincristine ............................................................ 15

warfarin ............................................................... 16

waterforinjection ............................................. 25

yellowfevervaccine ......................................... 23

zidovudine(ZDVorAZT)............................... 11

zidovudine+lamivudine................................. 12

zidovudine+lamivudine+nevirapine.......... 12

zincsulfate ................................................... ...... 20

WHO-Essential Medicine List Children

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Transcript of WHO-Essential Medicine List Children