WHEN? For me it was 2001...Bed Bugs Suck!!!! Adult bed bugs ¼inch in length can engorge themselves...
Transcript of WHEN? For me it was 2001...Bed Bugs Suck!!!! Adult bed bugs ¼inch in length can engorge themselves...
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
BED BUGSBED BUGS
COMMUNITY MANAGEMENTCOMMUNITY MANAGEMENT
Cimex lectularius
Marc L. Lame – Clinical Professor
Indiana University, School of Public and Environmental Affairs
WHEN? For me it was 2001
Navajo School Dormitories
Crown Point, NM
While virtually impossible to find in the rest
of the US from 1955-2003, bed bugs persisted on the Navajo Reservation
•During the early 20th century, bed bugs
were rated among the top three pests in
structures.
•Bed bugs all but disappeared in
developed countries, particularly with the
widespread use of DDT
during the 1940s and 1950s.
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
Where are you sleeping?:•Cincinnati - #4
•Columbus - #7
•Cleveland - #14
•Indianapolis - #12
A small mid-west city…Current
situation:
•Monroe County in second year of the Bed
Bug Epidemic ($100,000 Arbor Glen?)
•IU has documented infestations in MU
(isolated & well managed), ATO frat,
Apartments/ rental homes, Library (bed
bugs found – infestation unconfirmed)
•MCCSC has documented BB infested
student in one school and three schools
report possible similar situations
IU & Municipal buildingsIU & Municipal buildings
schools
dorms
Your house!
County library?
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
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BED BUG MANAGEMENT IS EVERYONE’S JOB!!!!
BED BUG MANAGEMENT IS EVERYONE’S JOB!!!!
8 Dr. Marc Lame,
Obstacles to Bed Bug control in the USObstacles to Bed Bug control in the US
• Communication with residents
(language barriers, literacy, denial)
• Tenants hiding infestations (costs) and
treating on their own
• Few prevention programs (denial!)
• No pesticide that works 100%
• Pest control companies that are over
their heads….
• Physical conditions of habitat (clutter)
from Dr. Dini Miller, V Tech U
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Questions hotels, landlords (private and Questions hotels, landlords (private and institutional) must ask re: lawsuits institutional) must ask re: lawsuits • Did you know there was an infestation?
• Should you have known?
• Did you have a prevention plan in place?
Other questions:
• Can a landlord charge tenants for bed
bug control?
• How does an employer treat an
employee with a bed bug infestation?
from Dr. Dini Miller, V Tech U
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
10 Dr. Marc Lame, Indiana University
What Questions would you want a What Questions would you want a family member to ask hotels, landlords, family member to ask hotels, landlords, ……institutions? What do you answer?institutions? What do you answer?
•Do you have bed bugs?
•Have you had bed bugs?
•What are you doing to protect me
from bed bugs?
Possible answer…Like many ____we
have dealt with bed bugs and we have
plan to deal with them… would you like
to see it?
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Active leadership for implementing Active leadership for implementing community actioncommunity action
• Awareness
• Surveillance
• Ethical response
• “protective” communication
versus
Denial and inaction!
12 Dr. Marc Lame, Indiana University
Requires Community Action!Requires Community Action!Bed Bug IPM plan -creating a communal awareness of:
•how to identify bedbug infestations
•how to prevent these infestations
•how to safely and effectively
address infestations with the
earliest possible intervention.
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WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?WHAT IS IPM?
� DonDonDonDon’’’’t attract Pestst attract Pestst attract Pestst attract Pests� Keep them outKeep them outKeep them outKeep them out� Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with Get rid of them, if you are sure you have them with the safest, most effective the safest, most effective the safest, most effective the safest, most effective method(smethod(smethod(smethod(s))))
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A SHIFT TO AN IPMA SHIFT TO AN IPMPROGRAMPROGRAM
monitoring, prevention, treatment
(identification, biology, technology)
SAFE
ENVIRONMENT
Cu
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Ex
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Ch
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EDUCATION:
ENVIRONMENT
S
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Sanitation
Mechanical
= =
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A Shift in Pest ManagementA Shift in Pest Management
monitoring, prevention, treatment
(identification, biology, technology)
BUSINESS
COMMUNITY
Cit
y
I
UPEST MANAGEMENT: ED., Standards, PMPs
COUNTY
COORDINATE:
City/County: facilities, housing, businesses, ...
UniversityIU RPS
IU GROUNDS
IU Athletics
IU Building Services
IU Contractors
School District
Press?
MCCSC
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Foundation Of IPM Foundation Of IPM –– Education!Education!Start with ID and Biology Start with ID and Biology ……thenthen
• Monitor
• Prevention
• Treatment
Bed Bugs Suck!!!!
Adult bed bugs ¼ inch in length can engorge
themselves in less than 15 minutes to three times their original size.
A bed bug’s saliva
includes an
anesthetic and
an anti-coagulant.
Bed bugs feed on the blood of human
beings – approximately every 7 days.
Birds and mice also.
Feed at night.
Salivary secretions can cause a person’s
skin to itch and become swollen.
Scratching can cause
infected sores.
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
Attracted
by warmth
and CO2.
Single or
clusters
(disturbed
feeding)
of bites.
Bites can be found anywhere,
especially exposed skin.
Female bedbugs
can lay over 150 eggs.
Each bed bug will
molt five times and
a blood meal is required each time.
Bed bugs can slow
their life process
until a blood meal source is found.
•From egg to adult: 21 days at 86
degrees ……120 days at 65 degrees
•Can live up to 18 months
or longer without blood meal (latest
research says less)
•Adults live about
10 months
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Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• “bites”
• bug,
• molts,
• eggs,
• feces,
• blood smears,
• smell
Most bite reactions
occur immediately,
a reaction may take
as long as 14 days
to develop.
Exposed skin
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Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• feces,
• blood smears,
• smell
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Monitoring Monitoring –– For What?For What?• bug,
• molts,
• eggs,
• feces,
•Nocturnal, harbor in clusters
•Hide in daytime in cracks, crevices, etc.
•Travel 5-20
ft. (each way)
nightly to feed
•Can remain
fully active at
<45o F
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
Bed bugs form aggregations by cueing into fecal matter, and blood.
WHERE?Body – clothes, shoes, etc.
Beds and bedding,
Headboards,
Seams of boxspring skirts
Luggage racks,
Wallpaper,
Window and door casings,
Pictures and artwork on walls,
Edges of carpets,
Where ceilings and walls meet,
Behind light switch covers and outlets,
Appliances and furniture,
Baseboards and carpet stays.
WHERE?
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
WHERE?
WHERE?
Inspect sleeping areas
around pets, and where
bats or birds have entered structures
Back pack photo from Dr. Stephen A. Kells
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VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
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Bed bugs are “nest parasites” ….YOUR NEST!
•Combine inspection with vacuum cleaning
•Use a brush, flash-light, canister vacuum
with a crevice
attachment
Hi - tech Monitoring
•Monitoring
Climb up ® Insect Interceptors
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Dogs Dogs -- 3 X AS GOOD AS WE ARE3 X AS GOOD AS WE ARE
Requires:• Communication• Training…every day!• Paying attention to previous treatments (dusts …wait 3 weeks post treatment)
• Accuracy depends on:• Environment – heat, air currents• Distractions – food, people• Health – pain, sleep• Frustration/timing
Hi - tech Monitoring
•monitoring
Do it yourself C02 monitoring stations 200 bed bugs!!!
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Prevention & Treatment Prevention & Treatment –– detections vs. detections vs. infestations infestations …….schools????.schools????• Sanitation (vacuuming, etc.), ***eggs
are glued to substrate and bugs “cling”
• Hygiene (laundry, furniture steaming,
etc.),
• Cultural proactive practices,
• (maintenance, monitoring, encasing,
sealing, pest proofing, etc.),
• Residual (non-repellent) pesticides,
• Heat / freeze treatments, etc.
• “Whole structure” fumigation.
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Hotel/Dorm bed bug prevention (thanks to Bob Hotel/Dorm bed bug prevention (thanks to Bob Sears)Sears)
• Seal all joints in the headboard
• Monitor “skirts”
• Keep house keeping cart dedicated to the floor
• Empty vacuum bags daily
• Inspect all roll-a-ways
Mechanical
•Exclusion
Mechanical
•Trapping
Climb up ® Insect Interceptors
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2011 NEHA AEC
VCT1101 Community Bedbug Management: Biology and Control Measures
Chemical Pesticides•Fumigation•Low pressure liquid
•Aerosol•dust
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Current treatment with insecticides Current treatment with insecticides (Miller, 2010)(Miller, 2010)• Multiple application of spray formulation insecticides and dusts
• Crack and crevice applications• Mostly pyrethroid class insecticides
BUT….• Resistance to pyrethroids is very high• Not all populations are equally resistant• Direct spray is more effective than exposure to dry deposits
• Dusts are superior but cannot be placed in all locations
• We are missing a residual product
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HeatHeat
• steam
• Convection
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Dr. Marc Lame,
Indiana University
Think!Think!
47 Dr. Marc Lame,
MonitoringMonitoring
Non- chemical Pesticides -Diatomaceous Earth – with pheromones???
Is this the future?•Safe•Effective•No resistance
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RECOMMENDATIONS: RECOMMENDATIONS: againagain……Active COMMUNITY Active COMMUNITY leadership for implementing actionleadership for implementing action
• Awareness
• Surveillance
• Ethical response
• “protective” communication
…..ETHICAL & COST EFFECTIVE GOVERNANCE?
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COORDINATION & COOPERATION IN TERMS OF COORDINATION & COOPERATION IN TERMS OF STANDARDS, TRAINING & ACCOUNTABILITY:STANDARDS, TRAINING & ACCOUNTABILITY:
• Uniform standards for pests and pesticides (real pests vs. perceived pests & appropriate pesticides)
• Uniform standards for professional qualifications regarding those that manage pests
• Shared in-service training for public/university/school employees related to Pest Management
• Uniform procurement standards for PMP contractors
• Adherence to NEHA inspection standards for Env. Health employees
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Institutional mindsets (thanks to Bob Sears)Institutional mindsets (thanks to Bob Sears)
• Written plan for bed bug prevention and control
• Documented training for employees (in English and Spanish)
• Good communication protocol
• Prevent employees transferring bed bugs from home
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THE ENDTHE END