What might the widespread adoption of vehicles mean for ...
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Whatmightthewidespreadadoptionoffully-autonomousvehiclesmeanforolderpeople’smobilityandtheirsafetyontheroad?
IANSHERGOLD.RESEARCHFELLOW,CENTREFORTRANSPORTANDSOCIETY, UNIVERSITYOFTHEWESTOFENGLAND,BRISTOL
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Amobilityvisionforthefuture…
…Aworldinwhichpeoplewalk,cycle,anduseasharedfleetofelectricautonomousvehiclestogetaround.Theremightbenoprivatecarsorparking,moreefficientlanduse,moreaffordableurban
housing,andbuiltenvironmentsthatbetterpromotecommunity.Inthisworld,adultsseamlesslymaintaintheirsocialconnectionsandactivitiesoutsidethe
homeastheyage*.*Fitt,H.,Curl,A.,Dionisio-McHugh,R.,Fletcher,A.,Frame,B.,&Ahuriri-Driscoll,A.(2018).ThinkPiece:Autonomousvehiclesandfutureurbanenvironments:Exploringimplicationsforwellbeinginanageingsociety(Seconded.).Christchurch,NZ
“Driverlesscarstosetelderlyfree”–TheTimes
“ThefutureofGoogle'sdriverlesscarisoldpeople”- TheWashingtonPost
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Agenda1. Autonomousvehicles(AV)2. TheFlourishProject3. Whatdotheolderpeopleinourstudy
thinkarethebenefits?4. Potentialimpactsonroadsafety
• Saferdrivers• Saferroads• Saferstreets
5. DeliveringAVsolutionsforolderpeople◦ Implementationandpolicychallenges
6. Conclusions
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Whatdowemeanbyautonomousvehicles,ordriverlesscarsspecifically?
1. Autonomybuildsondriveraids,e.g.AdvancedDriverAssistanceSystems(ADAS)
2. Levelsofautonomy:1-5(5=nosteeringwheelorpedals,handsoff,eyesoff)
3. Mobilityequityreliesonlevel5
http://www.seminartoday.net/
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Autonomousvehicles– Evolutionandrevolution,
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WaymoCreativeCommonsAttribution-ShareAlike4.0Internationallicense. https://caprimobility.com/
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TheFlourishprojectOurgoalsandapproach
Goal:Toadvancethesuccessfulimplementationofconnectedandautonomousvehicles(CAVs)inthe
UK
Threeyear,£multi-million,co-fundedbyindustry.DeliveredinpartnershipwithInnovateUK.SupportstheFutureofMobility
GrandChallenge.Researchquestion:Howmightthe technologybeharnessedtoenhanceandenablemobilityforolderadultsandthosewithmobility-relatedconditions- contributing
tothedevelopmentofamoreinclusivesociety?
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TheFlourishproject– method
User-focusedapproachOver230membersofthepublicinvolvedinresearch
Younger-oldandolder-old Trials,focusgroups,workshopsandinterviews
100olderpeopleinsimulatorandlivevehicles
Particularfocusoninteractionwiththevehicle
Myresearchfocus:olderpeople’smobilityneeds,journeypurpose,wellbeingandsocialcohesionbenefits
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Whatdoparticipantsthinkarethebenefitsoffullyautonomousvehicles
Convenience Independence Health and wellbeing Socialising
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Roadsafety- saferdrivers1. Roadtrafficaccidents– 1,770roaddeaths,
26,610peoplekilledorseriouslyinjuredinUKin2018(DfT2019)
2. 85%ofroadaccidents(globally)resultingininjuryarearesultofhumanerror(WHO2018)
3. Increasedchancesofinjuryordeathforolderpeopleinanaccident
4. Riskthatsomeolderpeopledrivelongerthantheyaresafe
5. Someclaim90%reductioninaccidentsifwewerealltravellinginAV(McKinsey&Co2015)
“Iwouldtakethedecisiontonotdriveanymore,ifIwasnotsafetodrive….orhadamedicalconditionthatstoppedme.AVwouldbeasolution…”
“Ilostsomeofmysightaftersufferingfromastroke.Ithinkdriverlessvehiclescouldbeamazing…I’dloveit,tobeabletodomyownthing.”
“Hardestthingisknowingwhentostopdriving.Youwanttoremainindependentaslongaspossible….fromwhatIcanseeAVwillbeagodsend.”
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Roadsafety- saferroads1. Connectivity– toother
vehicles,totheroadnetworkandtheinternet/‘cloud’
2. Nosurprises,vehiclesabletoseearoundcorners
3. Connectivityalreadyhereinvehicles: Information,emergencyhelp,vehiclediagnostics
4. Allvehiclesconnectedwithinnext5-10years
https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/advice/driverless-car/connected-cars/
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Roadsafety- saferstreets
1. Shared-mobilitymodelcouldmeansignificantreductioninparkinginstreets
2. All-electricvehicleswouldmeanbetterairquality3. Potentialforfewerfalls4. Supportsmorewalking/physicalmobility
FXFOWLEhttps://www.psfk.com/2017/07/how-autonomous-vehicles-could-change-the-design-of-cities.html
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DeliveringAVforolderpeople– Somepolicyandplanningchallenges
• Howwillweachievethemostdesirableoutcomes?• Howdoyouensurethatthereisequityindeliveryofautonomousmobility?
• Willroadsafetybenefitsbeseenwithoutstrongpolicydirection?
Servicesfornewsettlementpatterns
Meetingadditional
traveldemand
Addressingheterogeneityintheolderpopulation
Planningforolderpeople’s
mobility
Operatingmodelstomaximizebenefit
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DeliveringAVforolderpeople- Implementationchallenges
• Howdoyouaddresstheseissues?• Whoisresponsible?• Howdoyouensurethatthereisequityindeliveryofautonomousmobility?
Technical- HMI Digitaldivide Costofvehicles/services Rural/urban
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Conclusions• Autonomousvehiclesareseentoholdgreatpromise– inparticularforthosethatseereducedmobility,andproblemsinaccessingtransport• Somevisionsofafuturebasedonautonomousvehiclessuggesttherewillbemajorroadsafetybenefits– helpingolderpeopleparticularly• Buttherearestillmanychallengestobeovercometoreachthatfuture