What makes a country less developed? · clean water. This can affect agriculture and local...
Transcript of What makes a country less developed? · clean water. This can affect agriculture and local...
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What makes a country less
developed?
There are economic, historical and physical causes of
uneven development
Last lesson we looked at the demographic transition
model and saw that different countries have different,
population changes structures and this is linked to levels
of development.
Now we are gong to look at the causes of why some
countries have not got to stage 3 or 4 development in
the demographic transition model
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Physical causes
Landlocked countries are those which are only bordered by land. This
means they are cut off from sea trade, which is important for economic
growth.
This is a physical cause of slow development.
Physical causes are those things which are part of the natural geography of a country
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Physical causes
Extreme weather such as drought, floods and tropical storms can limit a
countries growth.
It is expensive to protect the areas and rebuild after a disaster.
It can ruin crops and infrastructure.
This is a physical reason for uneven development but you could agree
human caused climate change is adding to this.
African countries are particularly badly affected
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Physical causes
Climate related disease and pests can destroy a countries livestock and
causes premature deaths in humans reducing the workforce.
This is a physical cause of uneven development.
Humans could be blamed for spreading pests or technology could be used
to help solve the problem.
Tropical Africa, South America and Asia have more climate reltated
diseases and pests than cooler parts of the world e.g. malaria which is
spread by mosquitoes
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Physical causes
Lack of adequate supplies of
clean water. This can affect
agriculture and local populations.
Having to travel to get clean
water results in less time to work
or go to school.
Dirty water can cause illness and
again impact on the economy.
This could be both human and
physical. In areas with low
rainfall it is a physical feature
but in some areas it is a human
issues due to lack of adequate
infrastructure.
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Economic causes
Many low income countries (LICs)
rely on manufacturing to make
money. This is often low skilled and
low paid. The rich countries keep
the costs down by making products
in LICs and NEEs and the profit
returns to the HICs.
This is a human cause of uneven
development.
Economic causes are those things which are connected to the type of trade that a country is part of
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Economic causes
Exporting primary products tends to be one of the ways in which LIC
countries make money. This is a volatile market and prices rise and fall
very often. This makes it difficult to develop as you are unsure of future
profits.
Also supply and demand for raw materials is unpredictable.
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Historic causes
As LIC and NEE countries were often once colonies they can struggle with
gaining independence. This can lead to civil wars and struggles for power.
Corrupt political systems and the fallout from war can have a devastating
impact on a countries ability to develop its own economy.
Historic causes are the events that have happened to a country in the past that affect its trade and the way people live today
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Task
Complete the task on the word document – you can cut and paste the
statements in to the table on the word document or copy them out in to a
table in your book
30 minutes
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The consequences of uneven
development
There is an imbalance between rich and poor countries in the world, particularly in Africa and the Middle East .
The causes of this are due to low income, poorer health and migration.
The three are often linked as you can see in this diagram
Few jobs, leads to low incomes, and this causes poorer health. It can then result in healthy working age people leaving an area to find work elsewhere
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Migration key terms
Key Terms:
Migration The movement of people from one place to another.
Immigrant A person who moves into a country.
Emigrant A person who moves out (exit) of a country.
Economic migrantA person who moves voluntarily to seek a better life, such as a better paid job, education or healthcare.
RefugeeA person forced to move from their country as a result of civil war or natural disaster.
Displaced personA person who is forced from their home, but stays in their country of origin.
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Student task:
Look at the worksheet you have been given:
1. Read all the statements
2. Categorise them into wealth, health and migration
a. You could cut them out and arrange them into three
columns in your book OR
b. You could colour code them according on the world
document
3. Put a + or a – symbol to show whether they are a positive
or negative consequence of uneven development.
30 minutes