What is your perception of the Instructional Design & Technology field?
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Transcript of What is your perception of the Instructional Design & Technology field?
What is your perception of the Instructional Design &
Technology field?
What is the field of instructional technology? This is a difficult question to answer because the field is constantly changing. New ideas and innovations affect the practices of individuals in the field, changing—often broadening—the scope of their work.
-Reiser& Dempsey
Audiovisual Instruction
Audiovisual Communications
Educational Technology
Instructional Technology
Also known as:
Educational films and visual instruction
movement
Before 1920’s:
1920s-1950s:
Audiovisual instruction, television, etc
Instructional technology as a process
1960s-1970s:
Lumsdaine (1964) – application of scientific principles as well as equipment for presenting instructional materials
Finn (1960) – instructional problems
“…study of the unique and relative
strengths and weaknesses of both
pictorial and nonrepresentational
messages which may be employed in the
learning process”
(key is emphasis on learning rather than instruction)
1963 AECT Definition of the Field
1977 AECT attempt to define the field again
“…complex, integrated process involving
people, procedures, ideas, devices and
organization for analyzing problems and
implementing solutions involved in all
aspects of human learning”
movement from behaviorist to cognitive
and constructivist learning theories
1977 –mid 90s
“Instructional Technology is the theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning.”
-Seels & Richey, 1994
…yet another definition
Instructional design is the systematic
approach to the Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation, and
Evaluation of learning materials and
activities.
What is Instructional Design according to Reiser & Dempsey?
an iterative instructional design processAD
DIE
Difference between Lesson Planning and Instructional Design
Content versus Goals
Mental versus Written
Teaching versus Learning principles
Personal versus Systematic
Focus
Format
Basis
Process
A classic example of performing an ID task systematically, including 10 elements:
The Morrison, Ross & Kemp Model (no specific sequence, each element may be addressed at any time during the ID process):
Psychological foundations of ID
• Behavior Learning Theory• Cognitive Information Processing Theory• Schema and Cognitive Load Theory• Situated Learning Theory• Constructivism
Contrasting Design Frameworks
Objectivism Constructivism
Knowledge exists independent of the learner; there is an absolute truth
Knowledge constructed by the learner; truth is contextual
Arrange conditions to promote specific goals
Provide a rich context for negotiation and meaning construction
Transfer knowledge from outside to inside the learner
Guide the learner in constructing knowledge