What is the Smart Grid?....and how does solar fit in?
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Transcript of What is the Smart Grid?....and how does solar fit in?
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What is the Smart Grid?…and how does solar fit in?
Scott J. AndersEnergy Policy Initiatives Center
University of San Diego School of Law
San Diego Solar ConferenceSeptember 29, 2009
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
About EPIC
Academic and Research Center•University of San Diego School of Law
EPIC Mission
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What is the Smart Grid?
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Let’s start with our current grid…
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Current Electric Grid Generally Characterized by…•One way energy flows to end-users
-Exception might be net energy metering•Centralized energy production•Mechanical•Few communication nodes
-How does SDG&E know your power is out?•Few control nodes
-Limited automation•Low load factors/asset utilization•Monthly contact with the customer
-Limited information via billing
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Let’s Not Forget…
The Electric Grid is an Engineering
Marvel of the 20th Century
however…
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What is the Smart Grid?
www.sandiego.edu/epic
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
What is IBM Telling us?•Grid is antiquated
-The devices we plug into the grid are far more sophisticated that grid-Can the current grid support an increasingly digital
economy?-Innovation happening at edge of grid
–Grid may not be able to fully optimize those innovations•Lots of energy is wasted
-“Over half of the energy never reaches a single light bulb.”-65% of primary energy used to generate electricity is
wasted-9% of electricity is lost to transmission and distribution
losses•Need to embed intelligence at all points along the grid
-Appliances-Meters-Cities-The planet! Universe?
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What is the Smart Grid?
www.sandiego.edu/epic
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
What is GE Telling us?•We can manage our energy usage better
-Time of use management•This can save money•Distribute renewable energy from one place to another
-We do this now, but not optimally•Smart grid communicates across regions
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA)•Characteristics of the Smart Grid (Section 1301):
- Increased use of digital information and controls technology to improve reliability, security, and efficiency of the electric grid.
- Dynamic optimization of grid operations and resources, with full cyber-security.
-Deployment and integration of distributed resources and generation, including renewable resources.
-Development and incorporation of demand response, demand-side resources, and energy-efficiency resources.
-Deployment of `smart' technologies (real-time, automated, interactive technologies that optimize the physical operation of appliances and consumer devices) for metering, communications concerning grid operations and status, and distribution automation.
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007 (EISA)•Characteristics of the Smart Grid (Section 1301):
-Integration of `smart' appliances and consumer devices.
- Deployment and integration of advanced electricity storage and peak-shaving technologies, including plug-in electric and hybrid electric vehicles, and thermal-storage air conditioning.
-Provision to consumers of timely information and control options.
-Development of standards for communication and interoperability of appliances and equipment connected to the electric grid, including the infrastructure serving the grid.
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Source: U.S. Dept. of Energy
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
What is the Smart Grid?
Source: Dept. of EnergySource: Dept. of
Energy
Source: U.S. Dept. of Energy
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart ChargingCharging Rates
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart ChargingCharging Rates
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart ChargingCharging Rates
Integration of Renewables
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart ChargingCharging RatesVehicle to Grid
Integration of RenewablesIntegration of DG
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Help!
Smart ChargingCharging RatesVehicle to Grid
Integration of RenewablesIntegration of DG
Signal to Customers
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Smart Grid Scenario
www.sandiego.edu/epic
Help!
Smart ChargingCharging RatesVehicle to Grid
Integration of RenewablesIntegration of DG
Signal to Customers
Sale of Energy / Demand Response
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart Grid – Information to Consumers
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www.sandiego.edu/epic
Smart Grid – Information to Consumers