What is personal genetics? What might it mean for me, my family and society? What is personal...
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Transcript of What is personal genetics? What might it mean for me, my family and society? What is personal...
What is personal genetics?
What might it mean for me, my family and society?
What is personal genetics?
What might it mean for me, my family and society?
Personal Genetics Education Project Harvard Medical School
www.pged.org
Do Now:Discuss with the following questions with the person (or people) next to you -
1.What are the potential benefits to knowing more about your genetic predisposition to disease?
2.What are the possible negatives to knowing?
Why is genetics getting more personal?
• Insights about our health, behavior, family history and other traits
• Highly personal information with personal, socialand familial impact
• Genetic testing available directly to consumers
Because learning about our own DNA is rapidly becoming
inexpensive and accessible
“Under $1000 dollars in this decade” “Widely available in the next 5-10 years”
“Transforming health care for the next generation”
Sources: New York Times
Why does this matter to you?
http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110615/full/news.2011.368.html
A true story highlights the promise of personalized medicine
• Angelina Jolie reveals she chose to undergo a double mastectomy
• Jolie had a genetic test and found she carried a genetic mutation – doctors estimated an 87% chance she would get breast cancer
Personal Choices Based on Genetic Information
Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing
http://www.monashultrasound.com.au/images/NIPT_clip_image003.jpg
•Fetus and mother share a blood supply
•Fetal cells release DNA that enters the maternal blood stream
•Maternal blood now contains a mixture of maternal cell-free DNA and fetal cell-free DNA
www.nytimes.com/2008/11/30/sports/30genetics.html
What might a “sports gene test” tell us?
“DNA tests locate genetic branches of African American’s family trees”
http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/life/lifestyle/dna-tests-locate-genetic-branches-on-african-americans-family-trees-427734/
Photo credit: Steve Mellon
iPad
2012
ENIAC
1946
Technological Advances
Oxford Nanopore MinION
2012
Applied Biosystems 3730 DNA Analyzers
2002
Genome Sequencing Technology
Direct-to-consumer analysis for sale on the internet
Fun Stuff
Health-related Risks
personal genetics education project
Personal genomes: what are the challenges?
1. How far ahead is the technology of its clinical usefulness?
2. How much might this information impact you and your family? 3. Will fair weight be given to environmental & social factors?
4. How much should we be concerned about discrimination at work and by insurance companies? 5. How can we ensure access for all?
Four Corners activity
People should get counseling from a doctor or genetic counselor when
they get genetic testing because they won’t be able to handle the
information otherwise.
People should have the right to learn whatever they want to about their DNA because it is
their own body.
I would only want to find out my likelihood of developing a disease if there are ways
to prevent or treat it.
Parents undergoing in-vitro fertilization should have the
option to screen embryos for serious disease.
Parents should be able to choose a child’s traits for non-medical issues such as as eye color, sex, and athletic ability.
Some people are better suited for certain jobs based on their DNA.
Parents should be able to find out whatever they would like
about their children’s DNA before they turn 18.
I would want to know if someone I was dating had a genetic
condition that would likely cause a serious disease.