What is Child What is Child Labour?Labour?

•It is NOT enslavement or child prostitution

•It is children under 15 working in:

•Household labour

•Wage labour

•Family business

Pre-ArgumentPre-Argument

0 20 40 60 80

Percentage employed

Africa

Americas

Asia

Euope

Oceania

Reg

ion

Labour Force Participation Rates of Children and Adults (1993)

10-14 years

15 years and over

Characteristics of a Poor Characteristics of a Poor CountyCounty

Informal EmploymentInformal Employment

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

Share of the employed population in the informal sector (%)

Ljubljiana, Slovenia

Aden, Yemen

Montevideo, Urguay

Bishkek, Kyrgyzatan

Veliko Tarnovo, Bulgaria

Nouakchott, Mauritania

Recife, Brazil

Harare, Zimbabwe

Guayaquil, Ecuador

Dhaka, Bangladesh

Leon, Nicaragua

Surbaya, Indonesia

Cit

y,

Co

un

try

Employment in Selected Cities

Condition of Poor Condition of Poor CountriesCountries

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

Percent

Canad

a

Botsw

ana

Zimba

bwe

Zambia

Namibi

a

South

Afri

ca

Leso

tho

Country

Adults affected by AIDS/HIV (age 15-49)

Percentage

Argument # 1 Household Argument # 1 Household LevelLevel

(above) 4 bothers on a family farm

(below) Rural Indian Family

Argument # 2 National Argument # 2 National LevelLevel

National GDP per capita National Poverty Levels

Argument # 3 EducationArgument # 3 Education

(Primary School in Sabaki, Kenya)

Work or School?Work or School?

(School classroom)(Children getting water for Household)

Child Labour ForceChild Labour Force

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Percent of

Childern

Ages10-12

Ages13-15

Ages16-18

Age Range

Child Labour Contribution by Age

England, rural(1787-1796)

Peru (1991)

Paraguay(1990)

ConclusionConclusion

““Just because they are under age Just because they are under age doesn't mean we should reject them, doesn't mean we should reject them, they have a right to survive,'' said Simon they have a right to survive,'' said Simon Canarte, of the banana growers' Canarte, of the banana growers' association. (regarding Ecuadorian association. (regarding Ecuadorian children working in plantations) children working in plantations)

““You can't just say they can't work, you You can't just say they can't work, you have to provide alternatives,” adds have to provide alternatives,” adds Martin Insua, labour minister of Martin Insua, labour minister of Ecuador Ecuador

Where do Children Where do Children Work? Work? Economic Sectors That Employ

Children

Agriculture, hunting, forestry, and f ishing

Mining and quarrying

Manufacturing

Electricity, gas, and w ater

Construction

Wholesale and retail trade, restaurants, and hotels

Transport, storage, and communication

Financing, insurance, real estate, and business services

Community, social, and personal services