What is a corporation ? Business owned by investors who buy shares of stock.
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Transcript of What is a corporation ? Business owned by investors who buy shares of stock.
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What is a corporation?
Business owned by investors who buy shares of stock.
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Key terms dealing with corporations?
• Capital• Stock
• Stockholder
• dividend
• Money to invest• Share in a corporation (partial
ownership)• Owner of stock (partial owner of a
company)• Payment to stockholder from a
corporations profit
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So why do you invest in a corporation?
To make money – either through the price of your stock going up and
then you sell it for a profit or through dividends.
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Key terms dealing with railroads?
• network• consolidate
• rebates
• pool
• System of connected lines• When companies combine
• Discounts to large customers
• Several railroad companies divide up business and agree to charge high rates
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What do we need to know about the steel industry?
• Leading company• Leading individual
• Name of process for making cheap and strong steel
• U.S. Steel• Andrew Carnegie
• Bessemer Process
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Important individuals in the rise of big business?
• J.P. Morgan• Andrew Carnegie
• John D. Rockefeller
• Cornelius Vanderbilt
• Leading banker• U.S. Steel (Steel Industry)
• Standard Oil (Oil Industry)
• Steamships and railroads
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What do Carnegie, Rockefeller and Vanderbilt all have in common?
• Started as poor people
• Became filthy rich
• Gave away most of their profits to projects benefiting society
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Important terms for big business.
• Trust
• monopoly
• Free enterprise system
• Group of corporations run by a single board of directors.
• Company that controls all of an industry.
• Businesses that are owned by private citizens. Companies compete by making the nest products at the lowest price.
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Inventors and inventions you need to know:
• Sleeping car• telephone• phonograph• Light bulb• Automated assembly
line (allowed for mass production)
• George Pullman• Alexander Graham Bell• Thomas Edison• Thomas Edison• Henry Ford
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Knights of Labor
• Terence Powderly
• 1869-1886
• Very idealistic (create a perfect workplace all at once)
• Not for strikes
• Haymarket Riot brought about its end
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American Federation of Labor (AFL)
• Samuel Gompers
• 1886
• Union of skilled worker unions
• Baby steps to improve the workplace
• Supported strikes
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Labor terms you need to know:
• strike• injunction• Scabs
• boycott
• Refusal to work• Court order to go back to work• Workers who replaced strikers
(very unpopular)• Refusal to buy a company’s goods
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What was the importance of the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory fire
tragedy?
It led to safer working conditions in factories.
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What factors made people leave their country and become immigrants? (Push
Factors)
• No land
• Religious persecution
• Political persecution
• No jobs
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What factors made people become immigrants to the U. S.? (Pull Factors)
• Cheap / free land• Religious freedom• Political freedom - democracy• Jobs in factories• Family already established in the
U.S.
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What are the theories of how immigrants assimilated or blended in with the
American culture?
• Salad Bowl theory – people adopted much of the American culture while maintaining their own traditions.
• Melting Pot – Everyone adopted the exact same American culture.
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Anti-Immigrant terms you need to know:
• Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
• Quota
• xenophobia
• Stopped Chinese immigration
• Set the number of immigrants that could enter the country from a specific nation – favored Western European immigrants
• Fear of immigrants
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Anti-Immigrant groups you need to know:
• Know-Nothing Party
• nativists
• Party against Catholic immigrants
• People against immigrants who they believed were taking their jobs
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What was it called when people were
given jobs based upon support rather than
qualifications?
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Spoils system
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What are civil service jobs?
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Government jobs which are not elected or part of the military.
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How was the spoils system reformed?
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The Civil Service Commission was formed. It was
responsible for filling government jobs.
People had to take the civil service exam to be eligible for jobs.
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How were trusts and monopolies reformed?
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The Sherman Antitrust Act forbade trusts
although it was used against unions at first.
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My political cartoons were aimed at reforming city
governments. Who was I?
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Thomas Nast
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What were newspaper reporters who exposed
corruption called?
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muckrakers
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I was a leading boss. Thomas Nast targeted me with his cartoons.
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William “Boss” Tweed
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I was a muckraker who targeted big businesses.
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Ida Tarbell
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My book How the Other Half Lives
featuring photographs of city living conditions helped improve living
conditions in tenements.
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Jacob Riis
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The Declaration of Sentiments was written at this
women’s rights meeting in 1848.
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Seneca Falls Convention
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These two women led the National Women’s Suffrage Association – a group that wanted to
amend the Constitution so women
can vote.
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Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
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What does suffrage mean?
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The right to vote
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What amendment gave women the right
to vote in 1920?
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19th Amendment
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Who was known as the trustbusting president?
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Teddy Roosevelt
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What did Teddy Roosevelt think about
trusts?
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Some trusts were good and should be left alone while others
were bad and should be broken up.
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What was Teddy Roosevelt’s plan where all people should have an equal opportunity to succeed called?
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Square deal
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The Women’s Christian Temperance Union was against was problem of
society?
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The abuse of alcohol.
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I was a leader of the W.C.T.U.
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Frances Willard
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I was a member of the temperance
movement who went and destroyed saloons
using a hatchet.
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Carry Nation
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What was the result of the temperance
movement?
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18th Amendment (1919) which
prohibited the sale of alcohol. The 21st
Amendment got rid of this amendment.
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I was a muckraker who exposed the
meatpacking industry with my novel The
Jungle. The Pure Food and Drug Act was
passed as a result of my work.
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Upton Sinclair
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I was known as the conservationist
president.
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Teddy Roosevelt
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Gifford Pinchot and John Muir were
associated with this movement to save the
environment.
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conservation
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I founded Tuskegee Institute. I accepted
segregation and believed that by
becoming educated African Americans
could improve their lives.
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Booker T. Washington
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This organization worked for African American rights.
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NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
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Who was the leading African scientist who specialty was finding uses for peanuts and
peanut products?
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George Washington Carver
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What leader urged African Americans to fight discrimination?
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W.E.B. DuBois