What does “You are what you eat!” mean? What are calories? Calories are how we measure how much...
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Transcript of What does “You are what you eat!” mean? What are calories? Calories are how we measure how much...
What doesWhat does“You are “You are
what you eat!” what you eat!” mean?mean?
What are calories?Calories are how we measure how much energy a food has.
What are “empty” calories?
Calories whose source has little or no nutritional value such as sodas, sugars, fast food.
What is nutrient deficiency?
Nutrient Deficiency occurs when our body does not have enough of the 6 nutrients needed to function properly.
Without enough nutrients certain body functions may not function properly
and could weaken certain organs.
List the 6 classes of nutrients
CarbohydratesFatsProteinVitaminsMineralsWater
Which 3 nutrients give us energy in the form of calories?
CarbohydratesProteinsFats
How many calories do each of the following nutrients
have per gram?Carbohydrates = 4 calories per gram
Protein = 4 calories per gramFats = 9 calories per gram
What do the 6 nutrients do for our body? What are
some examples of each nutrient?
There are 2 types of
carbohydrates…
CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitaminsMineralsWater
• Starches• Give us a longer lasting energy because
they are absorbed more slowly• Most of our calories
should come from starches.• Examples are breads, pasta
& rice
Complex Carbohydrates:
• Sugars• Provide quick energy because it is made up of short chains of glucose.• Can be found in candy, chocolate, juices.
Simple Carbohydrates:
If carbohydrates are not used for energy, what happens to
them?
Carbohydrates are the first calories burned for energy. If they are not used they are stored in your body
as fat.
Why is fiber so important in keeping us healthy?
• Fiber keeps your intestines healthy• Prevents constipation• May help prevent colon cancer and
heart disease• Increases the amount
of fluid in your digestive system.
Fats are divided into 2
groups:
Carbohydrates
FatsProteinsVitaminsMineralsWater
Unsaturated Fats:fats that are liquid
at room temperature.
ex: cooking oils
Saturated Fats:fats that are solid at room temperature.ex: lard (crisco), butter
What is cholesterol?Cholesterol combines with
molecules to circulate in the blood.
What does it do in our bodies?
It is needed to make Vit. D, cell membranes & certain hormones.
LDL is the BAD cholesterol, comes from fatty foods.
HDL is the GOOD cholesterol, our body produces it.
What can happen if we have too much bad cholesterol in
our body?
It can build up in the arteries
and cause a blockageThis is called
Atherosclerosis.
What does protein do
for our body?
CarbohydratesFats
ProteinsVitaminsMineralsWater
Protein helps the body build new cells and repair existing ones. It is key in muscle development.
It is burned 2nd for
energy after the carbohydrates
are gone.
Protein is made up of…
There are 20 different types of
amino acids but only 9 essential ones.
There are 2 classifications of vitamins…
CarbohydratesFatsProteins
VitaminsMineralsWater
• They dissolve in fat• CAN be stored in the body
Some examples of Fat Soluble Vitamins are:
Vitamin A : Good for vision
Vitamin D: Helps build strong bones; the sun is a good source
Vitamin E: Helps break down saturated fats
Vitamin K: Needed for blood clotting
• Dissolve in water• ARE NOT stored in the body.• The body uses what it needs then gets rid of the rest.
Some examples of Water Soluble Vitamins are:
Vitamin C: Most common, comes from citrus fruits. Helps build and repair tissues.
Vitamin B1: Energy, metabolism, nerve function and muscle control.
Vitamin B2: Involved in using fat, protein and carbohydrates.
What do we use minerals
for?
CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitamins
MineralsWater
• Minerals help build and repair tissues. • Needed for enzyme activity.• Needed for bone
formation.• Found mainly in
dairy foods.
Some examples of Minerals are:Iron: Helps transport oxygen throughout the
body; in hemoglobin; deficiency leads to
anemia
Calcium: Maintains strong bones and
muscles; deficiency can lead to osteoporosis
Potassium: An electrolyte; builds muscle
How important is
water?
CarbohydratesFatsProteinsVitaminsMinerals
Water
Water is needed for every body
function, without the proper amount
of water certain body
functions may not perform as they
should.Water helps
cushion organs as well.
What percent of your
body is water?
Our body is
made up of
60% water.
Our brain is made up of 70% water
Our lungs are made up of 90% water
How much water should you have a day?
At least eight
8oz glasses
of water each day!
What is dehydration and how can it be dangerous?
Dehydration occurs when the body does not have enough water.
Dehydration can interfere with both mental and physical performance.
Early symptoms might be fatigue, loss of appetite, dry eyes.
Dehydration could lead to death.
It’s important to drink more water than you lose!
What makes a food “junk food”?
What makes a food healthy or junk depends on how many nutrients it provides relative to how many calories it contains. Junk food is only a problem
if it makes up a large part of your diet.
Snacking isn’t bad if done right. If done right is can
increase your nutrient intake and help you
maintain a healthy weight.Eating smaller amounts of food (with nutritional value) throughout the day vs 3 large meals a day can actually be better for your metabolism.
Is snacking bad???
How do our dietary needs change as we get older?
Nutrients need to change with each stage of life, infancy, childhood, adolescence & adulthood
The more active you are the more calories you need.
As you get older you have to watch your intake of
calories because your metabolism slows down.
How does eating a balanced diet today effect how you feel in the
future? What you eat during your teen years can affect your risk of developing obesity, heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis and cancer when you are in your 30’s, 40’s or 50’s.
All of these diseases can be
affected by your diet.
What does it mean to be vegetarian?
A vegetarian who does not eat any animal products.
Limits their diets to few or no animal products,
usuallyno meat except seafood.
Vegan?
What is a big dietary concern for vegetarians & vegans?
They may not get enough protein without meat in their diet.
Food Intolerance
Food allergy is an abnormal response
to a food that is triggered by the body’s immune system
Food Intolerance can be caused by eating foods or
ingredients that irritate the intestine. Similar
symptoms but effects the digestive system instead of the immune system.
OTHER DIETARY CONCERNS
Food Allergy
A food borne illness is caused by eating or drinking a food that contains a toxin or disease-causing microorganism.
Most food-borne illnesses are caused by food that is prepared or eaten at home.
Food-borne Illnesses