What did you do this weekend?• Write down all of the things you did this weekend.

• Put an asterisk beside each item that you can prove happened.

- There is video or audio evidence- Someone else observed them happening* Just because you tweeted it or posted it on Facebook does not mean it happened.

• Which of your activities were most likely to leave evidence behind?

• What, if any of that evidence might be preserved for the future? Why?

• What might be left out of a historical record of your activities? Why?

• What would a future historian be able to tell about your life and your society based on evidence of your daily activities that might be preserved for the future?

Events observed by someone

Events observed and remembered (Events observed but not remembered have been lost to history.).

Events observed, remembered and recorded. (Unrecorded actions and thoughts have been lost to history.)

Events for which we have surviving records. (This is the raw material of history!)

“THE ACCOUNT”: AVAILABLE, USABLE, BELIEVABLE RECORDS FOR A GIVEN HISTORICAL ACCOUNT

 

The PastAll actions and thoughts by all individuals in all times and places

Question #1:Question #1:What What isis history exactly? history exactly?

The Past:The Past: AllAll actions and thoughts by actions and thoughts by all all individuals in individuals in allall times and places. times and places.

So we know about all of these actions and So we know about all of these actions and thoughts from the beginning of time? thoughts from the beginning of time?

So how do we know what we know about So how do we know what we know about the past?the past?For example:For example: A comet flew through the night.A comet flew through the night. An apple fell from a tree.An apple fell from a tree. You made a sandwich last night.You made a sandwich last night.

Question #2: Question #2: How do we study history How do we study history

(historiography)? What do (historiography)? What do historians do?historians do?

Historiography--study of how history has been Historiography--study of how history has been written.written.

Think about how much history there is!Think about how much history there is!

““History is the act of selecting, analyzing and History is the act of selecting, analyzing and writing about the past.”writing about the past.”

--Conal Furay and Michael J. Salevouris,Conal Furay and Michael J. Salevouris,

The Methods and Skills of HistoryThe Methods and Skills of History

What did you see when the What did you see when the LTD bus and sports car LTD bus and sports car

collided?collided?

Task: Get into 6 groupsTask: Get into 6 groups

Perspectives

Historical Event: “The Accident”

Scene of the crime…Scene of the crime…

You are about to witness an accident.You are about to witness an accident. You are standing on one of the corners of this scene.You are standing on one of the corners of this scene. An LTD bus is entering the intersection.An LTD bus is entering the intersection. A red Mustang convertible is entering the intersection.A red Mustang convertible is entering the intersection. The LTD bus and the Mustang collide into each other.The LTD bus and the Mustang collide into each other. You see this collision. You hear afterwards that a You see this collision. You hear afterwards that a

teenager was driving the convertible.teenager was driving the convertible. The police will be along shortly to take your eye The police will be along shortly to take your eye

witness statement about the accident.witness statement about the accident. Your group must come up with an account of what Your group must come up with an account of what

happened and elect a spokesperson to explain the happened and elect a spokesperson to explain the event to the police.event to the police.

View of the accidentSports Car RouteBus Route

Sports Car Route

Bus Route

View of the accident

View of the Accident Sports car Insurance AgentSchool Faculty MembersRecent Victims of Auto AccidentsSports Car DriversStudents with friends on the busSchool Bus DriversSchool BusSports Car

U of O student waiting for your friendon the bus, does not have health care.

Sports car driver, has excellent car

insurance

InsuranceAgent of driver

Off duty LTD employee

A person with a recent“close call”

with an LTD bus

An elderly couple who’s fencekeeps getting tagged.

View of theAccident

What filters someone's interpretation or perception of an eventEvent

What filterssomeone’s

interpretationof perceptionof an event?

Event

What filters someone's interpretation or perception of an eventPast experiencesRelationships and alliancesPower and control opportunitiesEconomic interestsEvent

Event

What filterssomeone’s

interpretationof perceptionof an event?

Relationshipsand alliances

Past experiences

Economicinterests

Power and control

oppurtunities

History is quite simply events retold by someone...An Asian AmericanAn Arab AmericanAn African AmericanA Latino AmericanA Multi-Ethnic AmericanEuropean Americans

History is quitesimply events retold

by someone…

An ArabAmerican

A Multi-Ethnic

American

An AfricanAmerican

An AsianAmerican

A Latino American

European Americans

““Right - True - Real”Right - True - Real”

Looking to know what really happened?Looking to know what really happened?You’ll need a lot of eyes to get the full picture.You’ll need a lot of eyes to get the full picture.

Want to understand someone’s point of view? Want to understand someone’s point of view? Even your own?Even your own?You’ll need to know what alliances and You’ll need to know what alliances and materials they have at stake.materials they have at stake.

Historians choose the history they want to tell Historians choose the history they want to tell based on their own biases, agendas, and filters.based on their own biases, agendas, and filters.

Basic HistoriographyBasic Historiography•Example: A person living at the time of Obama’s health care speech to the nation witnesses events. She writes about it. This document is a __________________.

•Later a historian uses the source in another text. This document is called a _______________________.

•When another historian argues that the secondary source misuses or correctly uses the primary source, this is historiography.

•What are some basic questions we can ask when looking back at how history was

written?

OPVL HandoutOPVL Handout

Tonight--read this Tonight--read this like a love letter. like a love letter.

Mark it up / take Mark it up / take notes.notes.

Be ready to be Be ready to be quizzed over its quizzed over its contents.contents.

Contact to ConquestContact to ConquestDay 2: Global Context and World Day 2: Global Context and World

ViewsViews Please have your HW Please have your HW

out to be stamped as out to be stamped as finished and on time.finished and on time.

Write down your HW:Write down your HW: Chapter 1 Reading and Chapter 1 Reading and

Questions, Assignment Questions, Assignment #2 pp. 20-26 (Green)#2 pp. 20-26 (Green)

Be ready to move into Be ready to move into groups.groups.

Body Ritual Among the NaciremaBody Ritual Among the Nacirema--an anthropological study by Horace Miner (1956)an anthropological study by Horace Miner (1956)

Read the text together, aloud.Read the text together, aloud. Note differences you see between Note differences you see between

the Nacirema culture and ours (find the Nacirema culture and ours (find 3-5).3-5).

Draw one picture of a Nacirema ritual Draw one picture of a Nacirema ritual as you listen.as you listen.

Be ready to share with the class.Be ready to share with the class.

The Nacirema and “The The Nacirema and “The Other”Other”

Nacirema is American spelled backwards.Nacirema is American spelled backwards.

How do we describe/view other cultures?How do we describe/view other cultures?

Be aware of the “I’m from a more civilized Be aware of the “I’m from a more civilized culture mentality”.culture mentality”.

How does this connect with your HW for How does this connect with your HW for class today?class today?

Task:Task: Read an excerpt from Columbus’s Read an excerpt from Columbus’s journal and answer the following journal and answer the following

questions with your group.questions with your group.

1. What attitudes does Columbus have 1. What attitudes does Columbus have about the people he encounters? about the people he encounters? Give 3 quotes from his journal as Give 3 quotes from his journal as evidence.evidence.

2. Based on what you read in the journal, 2. Based on what you read in the journal, what does it appear Columbus cares what does it appear Columbus cares about, what does he want? Give about, what does he want? Give several quotes as evidence. several quotes as evidence.

3. Based on Columbus’s observations, 3. Based on Columbus’s observations, what if anything can you tell about what if anything can you tell about the kind of people the “Indians” are--the kind of people the “Indians” are--what they value, etc.? If you don’t what they value, etc.? If you don’t think you can tell anything about the think you can tell anything about the Indians from his journal, give your Indians from his journal, give your reasons for why not. reasons for why not.

The Journal of C. ColumbusThe Journal of C. Columbus

““One old man got into the boat, and all the One old man got into the boat, and all the rest, men and women, cried in loud voices: rest, men and women, cried in loud voices: ‘Come and see the men who have come ‘Come and see the men who have come from heaven; bring them food and drink.”from heaven; bring them food and drink.”

- - Sunday, October 14th, 1492 (Day 3)Sunday, October 14th, 1492 (Day 3)

Q. What could be a limitation of this as Q. What could be a limitation of this as a historical source?a historical source?

FRIDAY, September 17th

• Have your homework packet out on your table to be stamped, please.

• Look over your Reading Assignment 1 materials and be ready for a quiz!

• NO HOMEWORK!

Quiz:Quiz: Get out a piece of paper and title it Reading Quiz 9/15. Get out a piece of paper and title it Reading Quiz 9/15.

1.1. What two parts of OPVL have to do with the originator of the source?What two parts of OPVL have to do with the originator of the source?2.2. What two parts have to do with the historian and how they use the source?What two parts have to do with the historian and how they use the source?3.3. What kind of source is more reliable than the other--a primary or secondary source?What kind of source is more reliable than the other--a primary or secondary source?4.4. What is a question you could be asking yourself with analyzing the What is a question you could be asking yourself with analyzing the purposepurpose of a of a

source?source?5.5. What is one common response by students when answering the What is one common response by students when answering the limitationlimitation portion of portion of

an OPVL that is obvious and therefore shouldn’t be mentioned in a limitation an OPVL that is obvious and therefore shouldn’t be mentioned in a limitation analysis. analysis.

6.6. Prior to the year 1500, in which region (Europe, Africa, Americas or all) would one Prior to the year 1500, in which region (Europe, Africa, Americas or all) would one have found societies with large cities, advanced systems of agriculture, and well-have found societies with large cities, advanced systems of agriculture, and well-developed economic and political structures?developed economic and political structures?

7.7. A main difference between most Native Americans and most Europeans in regard to A main difference between most Native Americans and most Europeans in regard to how they viewed the land was that most Europeans believed in _______ ownership of how they viewed the land was that most Europeans believed in _______ ownership of the land while most Native Americans believed in _______ ownership of the land.the land while most Native Americans believed in _______ ownership of the land.

8.8. In contrast to the European family structure, the family structure in many Native In contrast to the European family structure, the family structure in many Native American and African societies was American and African societies was matrilinealmatrilineal. Explain what that means.. Explain what that means.

9.9. What is one event Opechancanough (opening story) witnesses during his lifetime?What is one event Opechancanough (opening story) witnesses during his lifetime?10.10. Where were the Incas located? A) Mexico B) North America C) South AmericaWhere were the Incas located? A) Mexico B) North America C) South America

Task:Task: In groups, discuss In groups, discuss and answer questions #1-5 and answer questions #1-5 on the second page of the on the second page of the

primary sources assigned as primary sources assigned as homework due today.homework due today.

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian ExchangeDay 3Day 3

September 20-21September 20-21

New HW: Zinn / Loewen Readings and New HW: Zinn / Loewen Readings and QuestionsQuestions

Homework:Homework: Group 1: Pages 37-44; Questions 2 and 3Group 1: Pages 37-44; Questions 2 and 3 Group 2: Pages 45-52; Questions 4 and 5Group 2: Pages 45-52; Questions 4 and 5 Group 3: Pages 53-59; Question 6Group 3: Pages 53-59; Question 6 Group 4: Pages 60-68; Questions 8,9,10Group 4: Pages 60-68; Questions 8,9,10 Group 5: Pages 68-73; Questions 11 and Group 5: Pages 68-73; Questions 11 and

1212

Feel free to read them all!!!

Homework Questions:Homework Questions:

4. How many U.S. place names 4. How many U.S. place names can you think of that are in can you think of that are in

Spanish?Spanish? San Francisco, Las San Francisco, Las

Vegas, El Paso, Vegas, El Paso, Sacramento, Sacramento, Colorado, Nevada, Colorado, Nevada, the Sierras, Santa the Sierras, Santa Fe, etc…Fe, etc…

Pre-1848 a vast Pre-1848 a vast part of the current part of the current US was Mexico.US was Mexico.

Primary Sources / OPVL Primary Sources / OPVL PracticePractice

Task:Task: In groups, discuss and answer In groups, discuss and answer questions #1-5 on the second page questions #1-5 on the second page of the primary sources assigned as of the primary sources assigned as homework due in the last class.homework due in the last class.

FILM:FILM:Columbus and the Age of Columbus and the Age of Discovery: Columbian ExchangeDiscovery: Columbian Exchange

Examining the impact of Columbus’s voyages.Examining the impact of Columbus’s voyages. Globalization:Globalization: an ongoing process in which an ongoing process in which

regional economies, societies, and cultures regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a globe-have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of exchange. spanning network of exchange. Globalization 1.0: (1492-1800) when the world Globalization 1.0: (1492-1800) when the world

shrank from a size large to medium.shrank from a size large to medium. Globalization 2.0: (1800 - 2000) multinational Globalization 2.0: (1800 - 2000) multinational

corporations shrank the world to a size small.corporations shrank the world to a size small. Globalization 3.0: (2000 - current) size tiny.Globalization 3.0: (2000 - current) size tiny.

--Thomas Friedman, --Thomas Friedman, The World is FlatThe World is Flat

Day 4: The Price of ContactDay 4: The Price of Contact9/22 & 9/239/22 & 9/23

HW due:HW due: Do not turn Do not turn into the basket, will into the basket, will be stamped shortly.be stamped shortly.

1.1. ““Lies My Teacher Told Lies My Teacher Told Me”, Reading & Me”, Reading & QuestionsQuestions

n New HW:New HW: Read Zinn Read Zinn article and finish article and finish textbook comparison textbook comparison for Fridayfor Friday

Quiz:Quiz: Write your name, Write your name, class, date, title of class, date, title of

assignment.assignment.1.1. Write down 5 things you learned about Write down 5 things you learned about

Columbus, the voyages, context Columbus, the voyages, context surrounding the voyages, etc., that you surrounding the voyages, etc., that you didn’t know before.didn’t know before.

2.2. Who was Bartolome de Las Casas and why Who was Bartolome de Las Casas and why is he important to history? is he important to history?

3.3. What are the names of the native peoples What are the names of the native peoples of Hispanola (Haiti & the Dominican of Hispanola (Haiti & the Dominican Republic)? There are two acceptable Republic)? There are two acceptable answers.answers.

“Columbus Landing in the Bahamas,” John Vanderlyn, 1847

Who’s perspective is represented here? What message is the artist conveying about Columbus? Use explicit examples from the image to support your views.

Who’s who?Who’s who?

Task: #1Task: #1

Get together with those who shared your Get together with those who shared your reading (1’s with 1’s, 2’s with 2’s, etc..)reading (1’s with 1’s, 2’s with 2’s, etc..)

As a group, take As a group, take 5 minutes5 minutes to discuss the to discuss the answers you came up with for your answers you came up with for your questions. Work out any confusion amongst questions. Work out any confusion amongst yourselves first, then you can ask me. Use all yourselves first, then you can ask me. Use all of this time!!of this time!!

Get together in larger groups, with members Get together in larger groups, with members of each group represented. Teach each of each group represented. Teach each other! Answer questions 1-12. (other! Answer questions 1-12. (20-25 20-25 minutesminutes))

Task #2: Analyzing Task #2: Analyzing TextbooksTextbooks

How does the text…How does the text…Source:Source: Depict C’s Depict C’s character, character, backgroubackground, nd, motivatiomotivations?ns?

DescribDescribe the e the impact impact of of previouprevious s exploraexploration?tion?

Depict C’s Depict C’s relationshirelationships with ps with the Native the Native peoples?peoples?

Depict Depict Native Native AmericaAmerican n responsresponse? e?

Use Use primary primary sources sources in their in their narrativnarrative?e?

DescribDescribe C’s e C’s role in role in the the slave slave trade?trade?

Inform us of Inform us of the global the global context for context for exploration exploration at this time?at this time?

LowenLowen

ZinnZinn

Your Your TextbooTextbookk

ReadingReadings I gave s I gave youyou

Other questions for discussion: Are there any contradictory statements or descriptions? Are there details missing? Questions that remain? Are the details “selective”?

Task #3:Primary Sources / Task #3:Primary Sources / OPVL PracticeOPVL Practice

Friday, September 24

-Have your textbook comparison out on your desk to be stamped

-Write down your homework for Monday or Tuesday: Read “African Americans Mourn the

Quincentenary and Celebrate Resistance”

-Answer the questions in your packet in preparation for a graded discussion on Monday or Tuesday.

Primary Source/ OPVL Practice

Task:Task: In groups, discuss and In groups, discuss and answer questions#1-5 on the answer questions#1-5 on the second page of the primary sources second page of the primary sources assigned as homework due in the lastassigned as homework due in the last week.week.

Next Week’s Graded Discussion

-Prepare by completing the questions in your packet.

- You may have notecards with you

- Structure will most likely be that of a socratic circle