What Caused WWⅡ ?What Caused WWⅡ ?

Some background information about World WarⅡ:

the main structurethe main structure

A brief review of the Second World War

What caused the Second World War?

1.What chains of events led to the Second World War?

2.What could have prevented the Second World War?

1939 to 1945:September 1, 19391930s and 1940s Asia & Europe Africa & Americas naval battles the unconditional surrender the Axis nationsMay 8, 1945 September 2, 1945

A Brief

Review

Ⅰ Several failures : the Treaty of Versailles the League of NationsⅡ A series of policies: IsolationAppeasementⅢ Some “-isms”:Fascism, Nationalism, TotalitarianismOthers:Collectivist IdeologyEconomic Depression

Failure of the Treaty of Versailles

SOME KEY WORDS: the Versailles( 凡尔赛 )-Washington System Main items to Germany

1.military /ships

2.territories in Africa, Pacific, and Europe

3.$33 billion

very harshly

wasn't unfair

a chain of events the Great World Depression in 1929

Continues:

The affections:

to deal with international disputes to keep the post-war balance to mobilize its members for:

A collective effort to keep the peaceAggression by any nation against anotherBreach of the peace treaties

About the League of Nations:About the League of Nations:

continue

Bombing the South Manchuria Railroad ( 南满铁路 ) in 1931

conquer all of the Northeast part of China

receiving the reportin 1933

adopted a resolution

calling on Japan to withdraw resigned from

the League

Manchuria （满洲）→ Manchukuo（满洲国）

no further action

Japan The League Continuous:

vs.

the new rich Fourteen Points Isolationism outside of the border

Woodrow Wilson

Some background information

About Appeasement Policy:About Appeasement Policy:Neville Chamberlain's Conservative government

Britain on 28th May, 1937. Germany had been badly treated Adolph Hitler (Germany )Benito Mussolini (Italy) the foreign policy appeasement

granting concessions to potential enemies to maintain peace

declare war on Germany after its invasion of Poland in 1939The Nobel Peace Price

Austria ( 奥地利 )

Czechoslovak( 捷克斯洛伐克 )

Poland

Soviet Union

Germany

？

Continuous:

fully support the military war is acceptable in achieving

national goals expand and form empires of

their own

Continuous:

Fascists ( 法西斯主义 ) ：

1.The emigrants of Aryan race

2.Bismarck

Continuous:

Nationalism

the famous “Iron Chancellor”

collectivist sentiments:self-sacrifice altruism ( 利他主义 ) similar blood

AND an extreme fear of Bolshevik （布尔什维克）

Continuous:

???other people

Economic Depression and InstabilityEconomic Depression and Instability

Adolph Hitler: strong determined an efficient leader leading out of the depression national esteem

By: defy all of the charges re-arm his nation re-occupy the Rhineland ( 莱茵兰 ) threaten neighboring states build up a massive army

Continuous:

But his real purpose:But his real purpose:

abolish the Treaty of Versailles expand German territorydominate Europe and the whole

world

For Britain and France:

Continuous:

For Japan

natural resources to feed the industry attacked the US to "clear the way"

Germany:escape the bonds of the World

War I Treaty of Versailles keen to the wealth, power and

status lost before

Continuous:

Japan:to become a world power the rise of militarist leadership secure additional natural resources The Co-Prosperity Sphere ( 共荣圈 )

Continuous:

decided to conquer other nations and

enslave or exterminate the peoples who lived in

them

Continuous:

Fortunately, when they tried to do this,Fortunately, when they tried to do this, other people fought back. other people fought back.

After bombing…

The Big Three: The Allied Leaders

Prime Minster Winston Churchill (UK), President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (US), and First Secretary Joseph Stalin (USSR)

General Charles de Gaulle Leader of the Free French

And so many people we don’t know:

One of the lessons that can be learned from the Second World War is the issues of race, religion and economy must be monitored and controlled.

However, to monitor and control them, a strong and effective system of international coordination must be in place. We should not curb violence with violence.

No power-based general layoutRespect of the diversity

No culture and ideology discrimination

Equal opportunities More communications

GlobalizationInternational organizations

should be more active

Our team:

Cao Bin （曹 玢） Dong Jingjing ( 董晶晶 )Meng Jiangli ( 孟姜丽 )Shen Ting ( 沈 婷 )Gao Qiao （高 巧 )

Thank you for your Thank you for your attention!attention!