WhatcanweaccomplishduringthisWORKshop?

•  “CanweupdatetheBernardCarrplots?” –JamesTaylor

–  Carr94(ARA&A):observaIonsMACHOconstraints

•  SynthesizecurrentDMconstraints

•  Evaluatefutureprospectsforconstraints•  Strategizefutureresearchandexperiments

CurrentdarkmaSerconstraints

Observable Constraint Method

Mass 100GeVWIMP?10‐5eVaxion?

theory,ΩDM,Ωb

DM‐baryonscaSeringx‐sect <~10‐42cm2/g(10‐6pb)

CDMS‐II,XENON100,etc.(“direct”detecIon)

DM‐DMscaSeringx‐secIon <~1cm2/g BulletCluster

DM‐DMself‐annihilaIonx‐sect lowhigh?

CMB:reionizaIonopIcaldepthPAMELA&ATIC(“indirect”detecIon)

Thermalvelocity mostlycold Largescalestructure

DensityfluctuaIons

other?

ConnectobservaIonstoDMconstraints

StronggravitaIonallensing

MaSerpowerspectrum

DMparIcleconstraints

warm

decays

OMEGAMissionConceptMoustakasetal.

(Bolton,Bullock,Cheng,Coe,Fassnacht,Keeton,Kochanek,Lawrence,Marshall,Metcalf,Natarajan,Peterson,Wambsganns)

•  Dedicatedspace‐basedobservatorymonitoring~100Imedelaylenses

•  ~1.5‐mmirror,near‐UV‐‐near‐IR+spectra

•  Precisemeasurementsoffluxes,posiIons,andImedelays

•  ConstraintsonnatureofdarkmaSerparIclefromsmall‐scalepowercutoff

PowerspectrumsuppressedonsmallscalesbywarmDMorDMdecay

CDMmixDMfromdecaysWDM

(1/2CDM+1/2decays)

Kaplinghat05

largescales smallscales

Power

IfDMturnsouttobegraviInos,stronggravitaIonallensingcouldbe

theonlymethodcapableofconstrainingitStronggravitaIonallensing

MaSerpowerspectrum

DMparIcleconstraints

warm

decays

ManywaystoconstrainDMproperIes

•  AstronomicalobservaIons–  CMB,gravitaIonallensing,LSS,substructure,SZ

•  “Indirect”detecIon(DMself‐annihilaIonproducts)–  e+e‐:EGRET,HEAT,PAMELA,ATIC,H.E.S.S.,Fermi–  γ‐rays:VERITAS,Fermi,MAGIC–  ν (neutrinos):IceCube,ANTARES,Super‐Kamiokande

•  “Direct”detecIon(“catching”DMparIcles)–  CDMS‐II,XENON100,CREST,EDELWEISS,DAMA/LIBRA

•  “ProducIon”inparIcleaccelerators–  Tevatron,LHC,ILC

LM,AB,&MKbeganmakinglists

DMproper4es/varia4ons•  DM-DM elastic scattering (σDM(v)) •  DM-baryon interactions (σDM-n) •  Finite velocity dispersion (Qprim) •  Late-time decays - NLSP-LSP (Δm/m) •  Broken scale invariance •  Small-scale primordial non-

Gaussianity; fNL(k) •  Cold + hot (massless) dark matter •  Equivalence principle violating dark

matter (or long-range DM-DM interaction)

•  Dark U(1) •  Warm dark matter; mDM, θ •  Enhanced ????????

Measurements•  ΩDM •  Strong lensing

(substructure; halo shapes; dwarfs) •  Q (LSBs; ellipticals) •  Dwarf galaxy abundances •  Dark matter cusps (Q?) •  Lyman-alpha forest •  21cm P(k) •  Diffuse X-ray •  Elliptical galaxy shape distributions •  Dwarf galaxy mass function •  Substructure from annihilation

(gamma-ray, e's etc.) •  Milky Way substructure •  Tidal tails •  Cluster weak lensing •  Caustics

fromMoustakas,Kaminkowski,Bensonchalkboardtalk6/4/09

Let’smaketheconnecIons

DMproper4es/varia4ons•  DM-DM elastic scattering (σDM(v)) •  DM-baryon interactions (σDM-n) •  Finite velocity dispersion (Qprim) •  Late-time decays - NLSP-LSP (Δm/m) •  Broken scale invariance •  Small-scale primordial non-

Gaussianity; fNL(k) •  Cold + hot (massless) dark matter •  Equivalence principle violating dark

matter (or long-range DM-DM interaction)

•  Dark U(1) •  Warm dark matter; mDM, θ •  Enhanced ????????

Measurements•  ΩDM •  Strong lensing

(substructure; halo shapes; dwarfs) •  Q (LSBs; ellipticals) •  Dwarf galaxy abundances •  Dark matter cusps (Q?) •  Lyman-alpha forest •  21cm P(k) •  Diffuse X-ray •  Elliptical galaxy shape distributions •  Dwarf galaxy mass function •  Substructure from annihilation

(gamma-ray, e's etc.) •  Milky Way substructure •  Tidal tails •  Cluster weak lensing •  Caustics

fromMoustakas,Kaminkowski,Bensonchalkboardtalk6/4/09

ConnecIons:observaIonstoDMconstraintsThankyouforyourinputsofar,andwelookforwardtomore!

X

X

<1

?

X

X

Onematrixorseveral?

Single Oneforeachcandidate?

X

X

<1

?

X

X

ProperIes

ObservaIo

ns

DarkMaSercandidates

parIcles

thermal

WIMPs

SUSY extradimensions

neutrinos

non‐thermal

axions graviInos

MACHOs modifiedgravity

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,1‐Dconstraintsonindividualvariables

Thermalvelocity

Mass DM‐baryoncrosssec4on:scaAering

DM‐DMcrosssec4on:

elas4cscaAering

WhataboutcorrelaIons?

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,2‐Dconstraintsonpairsofvariables

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,mulI‐dimensionalconstraintsonvariables

MonteCarloMarkovChains Fishermatrices

Techniquestoprobelargeparameterspaces:

HowbesttocombineconstraintsfrommulIpleexperiments?

•  Fishermatrices?

•  Simpleandefficientwayofexploringlargeparameterspaces

•  e.g.,cosmologicalparameters:(h,Ωm,Ωde,Ωk,w0,wa)

•  AlternaIve:MCMC

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,aFishermatrixofconstraintsandcorrelaIons

CosmologicalConstraintsfromGravitaIonalLensTimeDelays(Coe09)

crosssecIonDM‐baryon

phase‐spacedensity

crosssecIonDM‐DM

inelasIcDM‐DM

decouplingtemperature

crosssecIon

DM‐baryon

crosssecIonDM‐DM

inelasIcDM‐DM

decouplingtemperature

forDarkMaSerproperIes?

phase‐spacedensity

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,aFishermatrixofconstraintsandcorrelaIons

forDarkMaSerproperIes?

crosssecIonDM‐baryon

phase‐spacedensity

crosssecIonDM‐DM

inelasIcDM‐DM

decouplingtemperature

crosssecIon

DM‐baryon

crosssecIonDM‐DM

inelasIcDM‐DM

decouplingtemperature

phase‐spacedensity

Fromeachexperiment/observaIon,fullprobabilitymatrix,exploredwithMCMC

CanDMconstraintsbewellapproximatedbyGaussianuncertainIes?

0

CanDMconstraintsbewellapproximatedbyGaussianuncertainIes?

0

CanDMconstraintsbewellapproximatedbyGaussianuncertainIes?

0

CanDMconstraintsbewellapproximatedbyGaussianuncertainIes?

•  InWIMPmass–DM‐baryoncrosssecIonspace,maybe

•  Howaboutinotherparameterspaces?

•  Let’sfindout…

BydrawingconnecIons,WearenotjustcollecIngbuSerflies•  Thegoalistoinformfutureresearchandexperiments

DarkMaSerTaskForce?

•  AnalogoustotheDarkEnergyTaskForce•  DeterminepotenIalconstraintsfromvariousmethods

•  PrioriIze!

Albrecht06(DETF)

Pickconstraintsthatruleoutcandidates

Mass

DM‐baryon

crosssecIon

Tasks

•  Definemostfundamental&usefulDMpropertyparameterspace

•  Hownarrow/broad?•  ConnectobservaIonstoproperIes

QuesIonstodiscuss

•  OurprioriIesatthismeeIng?•  Doesspreadsheetsounduseful?•  SeparatespreadsheetsforWIMPs,axions,etc.?

•  WillaFishermatrixanalysis(assumingGaussianuncertainIes)makesense?

•  DarkMaSerTaskForce?

WelookforwardtoyourinputbothonlineandinpersonatthisWORKshop

IproposewetrydoingthisforWIMPsandtakeitfromthere…

ExoIcDarkMaSerTheoriesWhichtheoriesshouldweastrophysicistspayaAen4onto?

Includetheseproper4esinsimula4onsofstructureforma4on?

•  ModifiedGravity(MOND/TeVeS/MoG/STVG)

•  InelasIcDarkMaSer(mulIpleparIcleswithmasssplitng)•  DarkMaSer–DarkEnergycombinedtheories

•  ExciIngDarkMaSer(XDM)

Theobservedpowerspectrumisreproducedbytheoryonanenormousrangeofscales,

giventheconcordancecosmology