What are the origins and environmental implications of pollutants in car exhaust gases? By Katie...
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Transcript of What are the origins and environmental implications of pollutants in car exhaust gases? By Katie...
What are the origins and environmental implications of
pollutants in car exhaust gases?
By Katie Dowler and Melissa White
Carbon Monoxide (CO)
How is it formed?• When a carbon reaction doesn’t have enough oxygen and
therefore is incomplete carbon monoxide is formed. It is normally a carbon dioxide reaction.
• Car exhaust emissions contain carbon monoxide from incomplete burning of fuel in the engine.
What effects does it have on the environment?• Increases the global temperature (increase in global warming)• Combines with Haemoglobin which affects the respiratory
system
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
How is it formed?• When petrol burns, the carbon in it forms a covalent
bond with oxygen in the air to form carbon dioxide.
What effects does it have on the environment?• Carbon dioxide is mainly a problem as a greenhouse gas as this contributes to global warming• It traps the energy from the sun in the atmosphere, therefore heating the earth up• Contributes to acid rain
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
How is it formed?• Sulfur dioxide is formed when compounds containing
sulfur are burnt.
What effects does it have on the environment?• Effects plant, tree and crop productivity• Combines with water to form acidic products (contributes to acid rain)• Forms atmospheric particles
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)
How is it formed?• During combustion at high temperatures• Nitrogen and oxygen gases in the air will not react on
their ownWhat effects does it have on the environment?• Helps to form acid rain• It adds to greenhouse gases which contributes to global warming• Effects the growth of plants• Can react with other pollutants to form toxic chemicals which will harm the environment
Un-burnt Hydrocarbons (CxHy)
How is it formed?• Incomplete combustion of petrol in car exhausts• Leakage from petrol tanks as the petrol vapourises and escapes into the air
What effects does it have on the environment?• Some hydrocarbons are toxic• Assists the formation of the ozone layer• Produces air pollutants which can cause cancer
ParticulatesHow is it formed?• Produced by incomplete combustion of the hydocarbon
fuels in diesel
What effects does it have on the environment?• Reduces visibility in the area (haze)• Damaging forests and plants• Contributing to acid rain• Makes lakes and oceans more acidic